Biomass for bioenergy and added

value: an integrated approach

Presentation for the Rio+20 Green Economy

conference, Bogotá, 24 May 2012

Hans Langeveld Biomass Research hans@biomassresearch.eu

Biomass and energy

Global trends

¬ Increasing biomass demand

- Transport fuels

- Heat, power

- Biobased products

¬ Increasing price volatility (fuels, biomass)

¬ Technology and development

- Second generation fuels

- Decentralised installations

- Logistics, chains and development

- Energy: access for all

Biomass and energy

Biomass and bioenergy

EU bioenergy policies

¬ Renewable Energy Directive (RED)

- Blending targets (10% biofuels in 2020)

- Minimum GHG reduction (35%, 50%)

- No clearing of forest area

- No high biodiversity grasslands

¬ Electricity and power (RES)

- -20% GHG emissions in 2020

- 20% renewable energy in 2020

- Sustainability criteria

NREAP’s

¬ National Renewable Energy Action Plan’s

¬ National policies

¬ Renewable Energy: heat, electricity, transport,

cooling

Renewable energy in EU

Source: Beurskens and Hekkenberg (2010):

Renewable energy projections. ECN-E-10-069

Bioenergy potentials

Biomass potentials

¬ HOEVEEL biomassa hebben we in Europa??

- x

- x

¬ XX VERSCHILLENDE BRON STUDIES

- x

- x

Source: Elbersen et al. (2012). Biomass Futures

Bioenergy feedstocks

Biomass use at present

¬ x

- x

- x

¬ xx

- x

- x

Source: IEA (2007)

Bioenergy potentials

Land requirements

¬ Depending on feedstock (crops), conversion

- Gross energy yield per ha

- Conversion efficiency

- Fossil replacement

¬ Land requirements biofuels

- 160 Mha (2050; OECD/IEA, 2010)

- Agricultural, forest residues: limit land use

- 5-20 Mha (EU 2020)

..

Source: Dixon et al. (in prep.)

Source: Mortimer et al (2004), Liska and Cassman (2008), De Visser et al. (2008)

Land use

1% = 34

mln ha

Historic analysis

¬ Regional

¬ Crop types

¬ Absolute figures

¬ Trend analyses

Biomass sources

Source: Langeveld et al. (2006)

Alternative feedstock sources in 2020

0

20

40

60

80

Set aside

(3 mln ha)

Yield

increase

(+1% p.a.)

Improved

conversion

(+5%)

Area

expansion

(+10%)

BAU

Mil

lio

ns o

f to

ns

Cereals Sugarbeet Oilseed rape Straw

Historic analysis

¬ Regional

¬ Crop types

¬ Absolute figures

¬ Trend analyses

Yield gap

Source: Hengsdijk and Langeveld, 2009

Make more from available biomass

¬ Residues

- Primary (field losses)

- Secundary (production chains)

- Tertiary (conversion processes)

- Quartiary (final waste)

¬ Keep things simple

- Local applications, waste

- Integrated production chains

¬ Application matters! Seek optimal routes

Adding value

Biobased economy:

Technological innovations that facilitate a

significant replacement of fossil fuels by

biomass in the production of

pharmaceuticals, chemicals, materials,

transportation fuels, electricity and heat.

Biobased Economy

Source: Langeveld and Sanders, 2010.

In: The Biobased Economy. Earthscan. Chapter 1.

Biobased products

¬ Pharmaceutical products

¬ Specialty products

¬ Food, feed

¬ Bulk chemicals

¬ Fuels

¬ Heat and power

Biobased development

Farma

Fun

Food

Feed

Functional chemical

Fibre

Fermentation

Fuel

Fertilizer

Fire

Flare

fill

¬ Market size

¬ Farmer gate prices

¬ Labour use

¬ Land and input requirements

¬ Chain organization

Biobased development

Multiple output systems require:

¬ Crops (e.g. maize, cane, beet)

¬ Biorefineries

¬ Technology development

¬ Chain development

Biobased economy

Source: Langeveld and Sanders, 2010. In: The Biobased

Economy, Earthscan

Multiple output systems (Brazil)

¬ Centralized sugar, ethanol production

¬ Production of proteins, feed

¬ Electricity

¬ Add: chemicals

.

Biobased economy

Source: Langeveld and Sanders, 2010. In: The Biobased

Economy, Earthscan

Multiple output systems (sugar beet)

¬ Centralized sugar, ethanol production

¬ Biogas for internal use

¬ Traditional infrastructure

Biobased economy

Source: Lit et al, submitted.

Multiple output systems (sugar beet)

¬ Technology is an issue

¬ Infrastructure

¬ Crop / biomass

¬ Market / policy

More from biomass

Source: Lit et al, submitted.

Integrated approaches

¬ PRAKTISCHE VOORBEELDEN

FIGUREN FACTSHEETS

An integrated approach

Source: Langeveld, Meulemans, Sanders

Integrated approaches

Potato industry

¬ Wastewater treatment (compulsory)

- Biogas production

¬ Biobased options

- Pharmaceuticals

- PDO, PLA, PHA

- Bioenergy (biogas, ethanol)

- Feed

¬ Policy and research

Source: Langeveld and Quist-Wessel, 2011

Integrated approaches

Coffee as a platform

¬ Biobased options

- Pharmaceuticals, cosmetics

- Chemicals, polymers

- Bioenergy

- Feed, compost

¬ Wastewater as starting point

- Bioenergy

¬ Certification

- Clear communication ..

Sustainable land use

NTA8080

¬ Dutch system to assess sustainability

- People, planet, profit

- Cramer Commission

- Research, NGO’s, companies

¬ Implementation

- NEN network for normalisation

- Certification

- 15 certificates up to date

- Extension to solid biomass (proposal)

Sustainable land use

Certification systems

¬ Dedicated systems

- RED

- RSB

- RSPO

¬ Generic systems

- FSC

- EUREPGAP

- IFOAM

Value from biomass

Time for action

¬ More value from biomass

- Coffee, oil palm, banana, ..

- Biobased, bioenergy, waste management

¬ Dutch may be of help

- Strong background in water, biomass

- Mission (FIMA), Transition programme

¬ Possible actions

- Pool of experts, Knowledge Centre

- Installations, systems design

- Energy, certification

hans@biomassresearch.eu