BIOMASS FUEL SUPPLY STUDY (Rajasthan) … FUEL SUPPLY STUDY (Rajasthan) for Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited E-166, Yudhishtir Marg, C-Scheme Jaipur-302005, Rajasthan

BIOMASS FUEL SUPPLY STUDY (Rajasthan)

for

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited

E-166, Yudhishtir Marg, C-Scheme

Jaipur-302005, Rajasthan.

Ph: 0141-2225859, Fax: 0141-2226028

www.rrecl.com

Prepared by

ABI ENERGY CONSULTANCY SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED

Sreenivi, No 22, Subramaniyanagar Second Street,

Rengarajapuram, Kodambakkam, Chennai-24

Ph: 044-6538 3966, Fax: 044-2480 2416

www.abienergy.com

May 2015

CONTENTS Study Area – Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

Study Area –A Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i i

Biomass Power Plant –Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i i i

Major Biomass in Rajasthan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

Major Biomass Details (Mustard Stalks & Husk) - A Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Mustard Stalks & Husk Potential-Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Major Biomass Details (Guar Stalks) - A Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Guar Stalks Potential-Map .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii

Major Biomass Details (Prosopis Juliflora Wood) - A Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Prosopis Juliflora Wood Potential-Map .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

Major Biomass Details (Cotton Stalks) - A Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Cotton Stalks Potential-Map .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

1.0 Introduction ....................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ..................................................... 1

1.2 Objective of the Study ........................................................ 2

Chapter 2 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

2.0 Introduction ....................................................................... 3

2.1 Data Sheet Development ..................................................... 3

2.2 Primary Data Collection ..................................................... 3

2.3 Secondary Data Collection .................................................. 4

2.4 Field Survey & Data Collection .......................................... 4

Chapter 3 BIOMASS FROM AGRICULTURE LAND

3.0 Introduction ....................................................................... 7

3.1 Biomass Generation ........................................................... 7

3.2 Biomass Consumption and Surplus ................................... 10

Chapter 4 BIOMASS FROM WASTE LAND

4.0 Introduction ..................................................................... 13

4.1 Prosopis Juliflora .......................................................... 13

4.2 Prosopis Juliflora Generation Consumption and Surplus ... 15

4.3 Energy Plantation ........................................................... 17

Chapter 5 MAJOR BIOMASS IN THE STUDY AREA

5.0. Introduction ..................................................................... 20

5.1 Selection of Suitable Biomass for Plant ............................. 21

5.2 Mustard Stalks & Husk…………………………………….… 21

5.3 Guar Stalks ...................................................................... 24

5.4 Castor Stem .................................................................. 26

5.5 Ground Nut Stalks ......................................................... 29

5.6 Gram Stalks .................................................................. 31

5.7 Cotton Stalks ................................................................ 33

5.8 Soyabean Stalks ............................................................ 36

Chapter 6 BIOMASS PRICE TRENDS & FORECAST ANALYSIS

6.0. Introduction ..................................................................... 39

6.1 Mustard Stalks & Husk Price Trend ................................... 39

6.2 Guar Stalks Price Trend ...…………………………………… 43

6.3 Prosopis Juliflora Wood Price Trend ................................ 46

6.4 Cotton Stalks Price Trend .............................................. 50

6.5 Biomass Power Plant Fuel Mix ....................................... 53

Chapter 7 BIOMASS STACKING & FEEDING COST

7.0. Introduction ..................................................................... 59

7.1 Stacking & Covering Cost ................................................. 59

7.2 Biomass Storage Losses……………………………………… 60

Chapter 8 CALORIFIC VALUE OF MAJOR BIOMASS

8.0. Introduction ..................................................................... 61

8.1 Calorific Value of Mustard Stalks and Husk ....................... 61

8.2 Calorific Value of Major Biomass………………...………… 64

Chapter 9 BIOMASS POWER PLANTS IN RAJASTHAN

9.0 Introduction ..................................................................... 65

9.1 Sathyam Green Power Pvt Ltd ........................................... 66

9.2 Transtech Green Power Pvt Ltd ........................................... 71

9.3 S M Environmental Technologies Pvt Ltd .......................... 77

9.4 Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd-Ganganagar .................... 82

9.5 Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd-Tonk ............................. 89

9.6 Sanjog Sugars & Eco Power Pvt Ltd. ................................... 95

9.7 Orient Green Power Company (Rajasthan) Pvt Ltd .............. 100

9.8 Surya Chamball Power Ltd ............................................... 104

Chapter 10 CONCLUSIONS

10.0 Conclusions ................................................................... 111

Biomass Fuel Supply Study


ii

STUDY AREA- A GLANCE

State : Rajasthan

Districts :

1. Ajmer 2. Jaipur

3. Dausa

4. Tonk 5. Sikar 6. Jhunjhunu 7. Nagaur 8. Alwar 9. Bharatpur 10. Dholpur 11. S.Madhopur

12. Karoli

13. Bikaner 14. Churu

15. Jaisalmer

16. Ganganagar 17. Hanumangarh

18. Jodhpur

19. Barmer 20. Jalore

21. Pali

22. Sirohi 23. Kota

24. Baran

25. Bundi

26. Jhalwar

27. Banswara

28. Dungarpur 29. Udaipur 30. Pratapgarh 31. Bhilwara 32. Chittaurgarh 33. Rajsamand


iii


iv

MAJOR BIOMASS IN RAJASTHAN

Major Biomass for Biomass Power Plant in Rajasthan

1 Major Biomass

Consumed

by Biomass Power

Plant

Mustard Stalks& Husk

Guar Stalks

Prosopis Juliflora wood

Cotton Stalks

2 Average of all Major

Biomass cost

Rs.per Ton

2012 Rs.2030

2013 Rs.2211

2014 Rs.2481

3 Average Escalation of

all Major Biomass cost

10.57 %

4 Estimated average

price of all major

Biomass in 2015.

(Excluding Storage and

Feeding cost)

Rs. per Ton

Rs.2743

5 Average Storage &

Feeding Cost

Rs. per Ton

187

6 Biomass Storage &

Handling loss

2%


v

Details

MAJOR BIOMASS DETAILS – A GLANCE

Biomass I 1 Name of the Biomass Mustard Stalks & Husk

2 Generation Point Agro – Field

3 Generation

(tons/year)

63,56,045

4 Consumption

(tons/year)

51,93,365

5 Surplus Availability

(tons/year)

11,62,680

6 Present Use Domestic fuel for local people,

fuel for Brick Kiln, Thermal

energy consuming Industries,

Briquetting units and Power

Plant

7 Cost of Fuel at Plant (Rs. Per ton)

2012 2,009

2013 2,229

2014 2,494

8 Storage &Feeding Cost 187

9 Potential Districts S.Madhopur, Bharatpur,

Karoli, Tonk, Jodhpur

10 Seasonality Feb - May

11 Calorific Value (Kcal/kg)

10.86 % Moisture 3,300


vi


vii

Major Biomass Details - A Glance

Details Biomass II

1 Name of the Biomass Guar Stalks


3 Generation

(tons/year)

32, 46, 627

4 Consumption

(tons/year)

25,49,705


(tons/year)

6,96,922

6 Present Use Domestic fuel, Fodder, Fuel for Brick Kiln, Thermal energy consuming Industries , Briquetting units and Power Plant

7 Cost of Fuel at Plant

(Rs. per ton)

2012 1,853 2013 2,006 2014 2,334

8 Storage &Feeding Cost 187 9 Potential Districts Bikaner, Barmer,

Jaisalmer,Jodhpur, Churu

10 Seasonality Oct – Dec


With 12.55 % moisture 3750


viii


ix

MAJOR BIOMASS DETAILS - A GLANCE

Details Biomass III

1 Name of the Biomass Prosopis Juliflora Wood

2 Generation Point Waste Land

3 Estimated Generation

(tons/year)

2,92,96,905

4 Estimated

Consumption

(tons/year)

2,57,40,716

5 Estimated Surplus

Availability

(tons/year)

35,56,189

6 Present Use Domestic Fuel, Fuel for Brick Kiln, Biomass Power Plant and other thermal energy consuming Industries.


(Rs. per ton)

2012 2,458

2013 2,697

2014 2,982

8 Storage &Feeding

Cost 187

9 Potential Districts Jaisalmer, Barmer, Jodhpur

Bikaner

10 Seasonality Through out the year

11 Calorific Value

(Kcal/kg)

with 23.38 % moisture

3167


x


xi

Major Biomass Details – A Glance

Details Biomass IV

1 Name of the Biomass Cotton Stalks


3 Generation

(tons/year)

8,86,306

4 Consumption

(tons/year)

5,35,587


(tons/year)

3,50,720

6 Present Use Fuel for Brick Kiln, thermal

energy consuming Industries

and Power Plant


(Rs. Per ton)

2012 1,475

2013 1,628

2014 1,706

8 Storage &Feeding Cost 187

9 Potential Districts Ganganagar,

Hanumangarh, Jodhpur,

Bhilwara, Nagaur.

10 Seasonality Nov - Jan


with 14.2 % moisture

content

3,250


xii


Abi Energy Consultancy Services Pvt Ltd Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Ltd

1

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

1.0 INTRODUCTION

India is an agricultural country with more than 70% of population living in rural

areas. The major activities of the rural population are production, processing and selling

of agricultural products. Energy is the lifeline of the major activities in rural India. At

present, power requirement of the country is met by three main sources namely, thermal,

hydro and nuclear. While hydro and nuclear have their own limitations, thermal power

does not have any, except the availability of fuel. Currently, thermal power stations meet

the major demand of the country (to an extent of 70%) and use coal as the fuel, whose

availability is finite.

The Government of Rajasthan has accorded a high priority to setting up power

projects based on non conventional energy sources in the State. With a view to promote

generation of power from these sources, Government of Rajasthan issued a "Policy for

Promoting Generation for Electricity from Non Conventional Energy Sources” in 1999.

Keeping in view the requirements from time to time, this Policy has been amended from

time to time. Recently the Government of Rajasthan has issued ‘Policy for Promoting for

Generation of Electricity from Biomass, 2010” (Policy-2010).

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission (RERC) has passed an order dated

24/02/2014 in the matter of determination of tariff for sale of electricity from Juliflora based

biomass power plants and in the matter of review and amendment in norms/parameters

specified by the Commission in RERC (Terms and Conditions for Determination of Tariff)

Regulations, 2009. In Para – 51(4) of the said Order RERC has desired that a study or survey

of availability of biomass fuels particularly in respect of Mustard crop and Juliflora Biomass

in the State, their pricing and periodic revision of price is required to ensure that biomass

power projects continue to generate electricity on a sustainable basis. RERC has nominated

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Ltd. (RREC), the Nodal Agency responsible for

promotion of renewable energy in the State, to get the prices and price trend of main biomass



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fuel in the State studied/surveyed, particularly in respect of Mustard crop based and Juliflora

Bio-mass and furnish its recommendations.

In view of above, RREC appointed Abi Energy Consultancy Services Private

Limited for Biomass Fuel Supply Studies in Rajasthan.

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of the study is to identify the biomass sources within Rajasthan

state and assessment of their availability in terms of quality and quantity. The scope also

includes the realistic estimation of surplus biomass availability of various types of

biomass particularly in respect of Mustard husk and Juliflora, revision of price including

escalation factor for fuel price and losses in storage etc.

With this in mind, the major objectives of the study are designed as given

hereunder.

1 Identification of biomass sources of the Study Area and assessment of their

availability in terms of quality and quantity.

2 Estimation of quantum of biomass consumed for various activities in the Study

Area (as fuel, fodder, thatching, etc.)

3 Establishment of a realistic estimate of the various types of biomass that is

available in surplus after accounting for utilization.

4 Presentation of a brief outline of biomass sourcing from the village, seasonal

availability, cost sensitivity, procurement mode, losses, storage etc.



3

Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

2.0 INTRODUCTION

The basic objective of the study was to assess the biomass resources availability,

their consumption, the surplus biomass availability along with their price and price trend

in the state of Rajasthan. This objective was kept in mind while preceding the

methodology. The study was organized stage wise as shown here under.

2.1 DATA SHEET DEVELOPMENT

The data sheet was designed considering the main objective of the study namely

the estimation of surplus biomass availability and biomass price in Rajasthan State. The

district level data collection provides information on land details, biomass generation

from agricultural activities, waste land, their consumption for various activities and the

surplus biomass availability.

2.2 PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION

This data sheet included only the data relevant to the study, the geographical area,

land details, agricultural activities, biomass generation, consumption and estimation of

surplus availability of biomass.

The most crucial and important data that had to be established through this study area

namely the surplus biomass availability was collected by

1 having interactions with the Govt. Official, food grain dealers, biomass dealers

farmers and others

2 manually taking account of the biomass leaving the village during a specific time

period

3 physically measuring the quantum of biomass utilized for thatching, fodder, fuel

and manure on a sample basis and extrapolating the same to the required data

size.



4

2.3 SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION

Table 2.1 presents the list of the Government Departments visited and the type of

secondary data collected from them.

Table 2.1 Sources for Secondary Data Collection

S.No Source Information Collected

1 Agriculture Department,

Rajasthan State.

District wise total cultivated area and

classification of crops, annual production

of crops, production of crops per hectare

and wasteland biomass production.

2 Statistical Department,

Rajasthan State.

Agricultural area, Cropping Area, Waste

land details and Etc.

3 Department of Industries, Rajasthan. Brick kilns and others biomass

consuming industries details.

4 Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

Residue generation analysis and calorific

value of residues.

2.4 FIELD SURVEY AND DATA COLLECTION

To start with, officials in the Agriculture & Statistical Department of the state

were contacted from where the details regarding each district were collected. The total

number of districts of the Rajasthan State and the information about the districts were

also noted down. There are 33 districts in the Study area.

On completion of this exercise, the survey teams were divided in to groups, each

group consisting of two field enumerators and a facilitator then the team dispatched to

each district.

The agricultural land area of the each district was verified with that data given by

the Agriculture Department. The types of crops grown in the district are also noted down

with periodic physical verification.



5

The production of crops from the cultivated land was gathered from local farmers

/ landlords as a sort of verification against that provided by the Agriculture Department.

Minor variations have been observed which however was overlooked as we anticipated

that this would not really influence much to the total crop yield thereby the biomass

generation.

It was also instructed to the field enumerators to not to look for major and minor

classification of the crops at the field level data collection as it would be difficult to

classify this at field level. On completion of the survey work on all the districts, the major

/ minor crop classification was made. The yield of crop at the field was gathered from

land owners was compared with the yield given by the agriculture department. The result

was positive inferring that primary data collected at field level by the enumerators

matched well with that provided by the Government Department.

On completion of the survey, the biomass generation potential at the field was

both computed and measured. Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore established the

computation of biomass generation. As verification measure Biomass residue generated

was estimated by measurement in the field. This exercise was done specifically for all

major crops in the Study area.

Thus, the district level survey and the verification of biomass residue generation

at the field were carried out.

To estimate the surplus biomass availability, some of the tools employed are as

follows.

A Discussion with Farmers

B Personal Observation

C Questionnaire made by the literate people of the districts etc.

D Details from biomass and food grain traders.



6

Although it can’t be said that this will represent the true picture of the surplus availability

nevertheless it does give a fairly reliable acceptable estimate of surplus. As the aim of the

study was precisely this, all concerned in the study to establish this aspect did a rigorous

work.

On completion of the field level survey, the other task like cost at source and

trend, availability, transportation cost and destination of biomass were also gathered. This

task was time consuming although not difficult.



7

Chapter 3

BIOMASS FROM AGRICULTURE LAND

3.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter covers biomass ,generation, consumption and surplus availability in

Rajasthan from agricultural land.

3.1 BIOMASS GENERATION

Crop residues are form major portion of the biomass generation. The main crop

residues of the study area are

1 Paddy Straw 2 Jowar Stalks 3 Bajra Stalks

4 Maize Stalks 5 Moong Stalks 6 Urad Stalks

7 Moth Stalks 8 Seasamum Stalks 9 Groundnut Stalks

10 Soyabean Stalks 11 Castor Stem 12 Cotton Stalks

13 Guar Stalks 14 Wheat Stalks 15 Barley Stalks

16 Gram Stalks 17 Mustard Stalks & Husk

Table 3.1 shows the crop residues yield for the major crops considered in this survey.

Table 3.1 Biomass Residue Generation in Tons per Ha per year in Rajasthan

S.No Crop Biomass Average Yield1 CRR2

1 Paddy Paddy Straw 5.48 1.70

2 Jowar Jowar Stalks 3.93 2.40

3 Bajra Bajra Stalks 7.75 2.63

4 Maize Maize Stalks 9.28 2.30

5 Moong Moong Stalks 0.77 1.25

6 Urad Urad Stalks 0.99 1.30

1 2010-11, 2011-12 & 2012-13 Average Yield G-Return Statistical Department of Rajasthan State, Jaipur. The year 2013-14 , 2014-2015 data are not available during our survey in January 2015. 2 CGPL,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore and Agricultural Department, Rajasthan



8

7 Moth Moth Stalks 1.25 1.80

8 Seasamum Seasamum Stalks 0.78 1.50

9 Ground Nut Ground Nut Stalks 9.57 2.30

10 Soya Bean Soya Bean Stalks 4.25 1.70

11 Castor Castor Stem 23.79 4.00

12 Cotton Cotton Stalks 7.08 3.80

13 Guar Guar Stalks 1.65 1.80

14 Wheat Wheat Stalks 7.81 1.50

15 Barley Barley Stalks 4.96 1.30

16 Gram Gram Stalks 1.05 1.10

17 Mustard Mustard Stalks & husk 4.48 1.80

Table 3.1 shows the Crop to Residue Ratio (CRR) provided by Indian Institute of

Science, Bangalore, this data has again been vetted in the field by not only gathering

details from landowners, but also by field measurement. Estimation of biomass

availability was made for both the Rabi & the Khariff seasons using secondary data,

where in important details like residue generation and area of cultivation for each crop

are available. The data gives the average yield expected per hectare for the representative

crop grown in the study area. Table 3.2 shows the list of major crops of the state of

Rajasthan, area of cultivation of each crop.

Table 3.2 Last Three Years Average Cultivated Area in Rajasthan3

S.No Name of Crop Area of Cultivation ( Ha )

1 Paddy 130,366

2 Jowar 653,696

3 Bajra 4,834,322

3 Source: 2010-11, 2011-12 & 2012-13 G-Return Statistical Department of Rajasthan State, Jaipur. The year 2013-

14 , 2014-2015 cultivation area data is not available during our survey in January 2015.



9

4 Maize 1,057,067

5 Moong 1,037,301

6 Urad 200,360

7 Moth 1,258,492

8 Seasamum 492,013

9 Ground Nut 388,417

10 Soya Bean 900,782

11 Castor 227,009

12 Cotton 475,495

13 Guar 3,534,394

14 Wheat 3,011,536

15 Barley 304,648

16 Gram 1,486,524

17 Mustard 2,552,034

Total 22,544,455

Table 3.3 computes the biomass generation from the agricultural activity using the

residue generation per ha per year and cultivated area provided by Statistical Department,

Rajasthan.

Table 3.3 Biomass Generations From Agricultural Activity in Rajasthan4

No Crop Biomass Generated

Tons / year %

1 Paddy Paddy Straw 4,20,227 0.75 2 Jowar Jowar Stalks 10,71,614 1.92 3 Bajra Bajra Stalks 1,42,48,890 25.50 4 Maize Maize Stalks 42,62,910 7.63

4 Calculated value from the data of 2010-11, 2011-12 & 2012-13 years average cultivated area , average crop yield of year 2010-11, 2011-12 & 2012-13 & Crop to Residue Ratio. The year 2013-14 , 2014-2015 data are not available during our survey in January 2015.



10

5 Moong Moong Stalks 6,38,596 1.14 6 Urad Urad Stalks 1,52,211 0.27 7 Moth Moth Stalks 8,75,033 1.57 8 Seasamum Seasamum Stalks 2,55,938 0.46 9 Ground Nut Ground Nut Stalks 16,16,475 2.89 10 Soya Bean Soya Bean Stalks 22,50,632 4.03 11 Castor Castor Stem 13,50,342 2.42 12 Cotton Cotton Stalks 8,86,306 1.59 13 Guar Guar Stalks 32,46,627 5.81 14 Wheat Wheat Stalks 1,56,75,533 28.05 15 Barley Barley Stalks 11,62,091 2.08 16 Gram Gram Stalks 14,14,045 2.53 17 Mustard Mustard Stalks & Husk 63,56,045 11.37

Total 55,883,516 100.00

Biomass Generation from Agricultural Activity = 55,883,516 tons / year.

3.2 BIOMASS CONSUMPTION AND SURPLUS The households of the villages use biomass for one or many of the following purposes.

(i) as Fodder

(ii) as Fuel

(iii) as Manure

(iv) For Thatching, Construction etc.

In our study, 17 crops have been identified as major crops. The utility pattern of these

crops is also analysed with respect to the above applications. The utility pattern of the

biomass in households was established using the under mentioned tools.

1 Physical observation in respect of usage of biomass for manure and thatching,

fuel and etc,



11

2 Animal husbandry data for fodder consumption and statistical department data for

livestock population of the village / District.

3 Details gathered from Dealers, Elders and Businessmen on surplus availability

There are many activities that take place ON / OFF the field before biomass is generated

and transported. A few of these activities are,

(i) Harvesting ii) Transportation iii) Separation

iv) Stocking v) Handling

Table 3.4 presents the usage pattern of the biomass (from major crops) during various

activities.

Table 3.4 Consumption Pattern of Biomass in Rajasthan5

No Crops Biomass Generation

Consumption Surplus

Tons / year Tons/ year Tons / year

1 Paddy Paddy Straw 4,20,227 4,20,227 02 Jowar Jowar Stalks 10,71,614 10,71,614 03 Bajra Bajra Stalks 1,42,48,890 1,42,48,890 04 Maize Maize Stalks 42,62,910 42,62,910 05 Moong Moong Stalks 6,38,596 5,19,585 1,19,0126 Urad Urad Stalks 1,52,211 1,19,047 33,1647 Moth Moth Stalks 8,75,033 7,63,804 1,11,2298 Seasamum Seasamum Stalks 2,55,938 1,76,846 79,0929 Ground Nut Ground Nut Stalks 16,16,475 11,73,568 4,42,90710 Soya Bean Soya Bean Stalks 22,50,632 19,18,453 3,32,17811 Castor Castor Stem 13,50,342 8,42,628 5,07,71512 Cotton Cotton Stalks 8,86,306 5,35,587 3,50,72013 Guar Guar Stalks 32,46,627 25,49,705 6,96,92214 Wheat Wheat Stalks 1,56,75,533 1,56,75,533 0

5 Biomass consumption arrived from primary data collection. Surplus biomass calculated from biomass generation and consumption.



12

15 Barley Barley Stalks 11,62,091 11,62,091 016 Gram Gram Stalks 14,14,045 10,60,534 3,53,511

17 Mustard Mustard Stalks & husk 63,56,045 51,93,365 11,62,679

Total 5,58,83,516 5,16,94,386 41,89,129 It was found that, on an average about 92.50 % of the biomass generated from

agricultural activity goes for consumption in local for fodder, manure, fuel for thermal

energy consuming industries, biomass power plants, brick kiln, etc, and about only

7.50% is available for other activities or exported to nearby states. The major portion of

wheat stalks, barley stalks, paddy hay, jowar stalks , bajra stalks, maize stalks are

consumed by animal as fodder and these biomass should not used as a fuel per the Policy

2010, so we considered 100% for consumption . The above was prepared based on fairly

established data and hence can be counted as near realistic.

Surplus Biomass Available from Agricultural Activity = 41, 89,129 tons / year



13

BIOMASS FROM WASTE LAND

4.0 INTRODUCTION

Out of the total geographical area of 3, 42, 23,9006 hectares in study area,

93,68,9473 hectares were identified as wasteland out which Prosopis Juliflora is

grown in 58, 59, 3813 hectares of cultivable waste land and fallow land in

Rajasthan. Prosopis Juliflora is the major wasteland biomass in this study area.

Prosopis juliflora was introduced to India around 1877 to check encroaching desert

sands and as a regreening tool. The first large-scale planting was in Gujarat in about

1894, and the species was introduced to Rajasthan in 1913. In all 11 districts of

western Rajasthan, Prosopis juliflora has spread widely, with high plant densities

encountered in the districts of Pali, Jalore, Jodhpur and Nagaur. There has been a

great spread into east and south Rajasthan in the last 25 years. Initially it was

introduced along roads, it has now spread into many habitats, including rocky

terrains and saline lands. As the species spread, the resulting shrinking pastures

may have been the cause of the decline of many wild grassland animals. This

species is prevailing in this area massively for quite some decades, may be due to

soil and other related environmental features.

4.1 PROSOPIS JULIFLORA

Prosopis Juliflora is well adapted to warm and dry tropical climates. It grows well

in areas receiving 250-600 mm annual rainfall. It is a fast growing tree and has a

deep to very deep, well meshed root system. It does not require any special care for

rehabilitating marginal lands or wastelands. This species is however, quite

susceptible to frost, and its distribution is very much restricted in areas where there

is a regular occurrence of frost during winter months. Such as the interdunal zones

of Barmer, Jaisalmer, Bikaner and Churu. In areas which experience frost once in

every 4 to 8 years, the plant suffers dieback to ground level, and later in February-

March the plant sprouts back and assumes its original height within a 9-10 month

period.

6 Nine fold land use classification, 2010-11, 2011-12 & 2012-13 G-Return Statistical Department of Rajasthan State, Jaipur.



14

Table 4.1 shows the district wise cultivable waste and fallow land area in Rajasthan.

Table 4.1 District wise Cultivable Waste Land and Fallow Land in Rajasthan3

Sl.No District

Cultivable Waste

Land and Fallow Land3

Ha

1 Ajmer 103437

2 Jaipur 91997

3 Dausa 15224

4 Tonk 68267

5 Sikar 51707

6 Jhunjhunu 35670

7 Nagaur 98771

8 Alwar 28567

9 Bharatpur 11521

10 Dholpur 14836

11 S.Madhopur 24305

12 Karoli 21082

13 Bikaner 837646

14 Churu 59474

15 Jaisalmer 2400217

16 Ganganagar 116683

17 Hanumangarh 23578

18 Jodhpur 329836

19 Barmer 256754

20 Jalore 138991

21 Pali 79574

22 Sirohi 21656

23 Kota 38166

24 Baran 37348

25 Bundi 43702



15

26 Jhalwar 71629

27 Banswara 55803

28 Dungarpur 75611

29 Udaipur 133364

30 Pratapgarh 92510

31 Bhilwara 139334

32 Chittore 121207

33 Rajsamand 220914

Total 58,59,381

4.2 PROSOPIS JULIFLORA GENERATION CONSUMPTION AND SURPLUS

Prosopis Juliflora is grown commonly in cultivable waste land and other fallow land,

which includes all type unproductive lands of Govt. & Private. There are many reports

on the biomass yields per unit area but the results have been found to vary

considerably in different regions. The average yield of this plant as understood from

the various Govt. officials and local peoples. The average firewood yield in the region

has been estimated to be approximately 5 tons/ha/year or 20 tons/ha/ 4 years cycle,

when it grows unorganized without due care or attention7. Keeping the root

undisturbed, the stem and branches are cut once in four years.

Table 4.2 District Wise Prosopis Juliflora Generation Consumption and

Surplus in Rajasthan4

Sl.No District

Prosopis Juliflora

Wood Generation Tons/Year

Prosopis Juliflora

Wood Consumption

Tons/Year

Prosopis Juliflora

Wood Surplus

Tons/Year 1 Ajmer 517185 475810 413752 Jaipur 459985 423186 367993 Dausa 76120 70030 60904 Tonk 341335 314028 27307

7 Primary data from landlords, biomass dealers and local people.



16

5 Sikar 258535 237852 206836 Jhunjhunu 178350 164082 142687 Nagaur 493855 454347 395088 Alwar 142835 131408 114279 Bharatpur 57605 52997 4608

10 Dholpur 74180 68246 593411 S.Madhopur 121525 111803 972212 Karoli 105410 96977 843313 Bikaner 4188230 3769407 41882314 Churu 297370 273580 2379015 Jaisalmer 12001085 10200922 180016316 Ganganagar 583415 536742 4667317 Hanumangarh 117890 108459 943118 Jodhpur 1649180 1401803 24737719 Barmer 1283770 1091205 19256620 Jalore 694955 625460 6949621 Pali 397870 358083 3978722 Sirohi 108280 97452 1082823 Kota 190830 171747 1908324 Baran 186740 171801 1493925 Bundi 218510 196659 2185126 Jhalwar 358145 329493 2865227 Banswara 279015 256694 2232128 Dungarpur 378055 340250 3780629 Udaipur 666820 613474 5334630 Pratapgarh 462550 430172 3237931 Bhilwara 696670 627003 6966732 Chittore 606035 545432 6060433 Rajsamand 1104570 994113 110457

Total

2,92,96,905 2,57,40,716 35,56,189

The 87.86 % of the juliflora wood generation in this study area are consumed by

local people for domestic fuel , local bakery and hotels industries, biomass power

plant and other local thermal energy consuming industries. The remaining 12.14 %

is considered as surplus quantity. Firewood dealers play major role in handling the

biomass, on collection from source, they distribute for local consumption against

the requirements by the industries and the rest to the other industries in neighboring

district as per the market demand.

Surplus Biomass from Wasteland = 35, 56,189 tons/year



17

4.3 ENERGY PLANTATION

Cultivation of fast growing trees such as casurina equistifolia, bush crops such as

prosopis Juliflora, grass variety such as bamboo can serve as biomass fuel for

exciting and new biomass power plants.

The District wise waste available for energy plantation as per the wasteland atlas of

India , Department of land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development is shown in

the below table .

Table 4.3 District Wise Waste Land Available for Energy Plantation in Rajasthan8

District

Under Utilised /Degraded Forest (Scrub Domin)

Land affected by Salinity / alkalinity (Medium)

Land affected by Salinity / alkalinity (Strong)

Barren Rocky /Stone Waste

Total land available for Energy Plantation

Sq.KM Sq.KM Sq.KM Sq.KM Sq.KM

1 Ajmer 210.79 11.98 19.9 182.53 425.2

2 Alwar 111.1 0.2 0 273.7 385

3 Banswara 629.12 0 0 102.9 732.02

4 Baran 1197.68 0 0 35.27 1232.95

5 Barmer 124.69 123.12 9.93 299.06 556.8

6 Bharatpur 57.07 0.25 0 196.08 253.4

7 Bhilwara 363.48 0 0 206.16 569.64

8 Bikaner 70.87 0 0 19.63 90.5

9 Bundi 770.48 0 0 88.81 859.29

10 Chittore 892.1 2.54 0 98.87 993.51

11 Churu 0 14.71 0.39 4.94 20.04

12 Dausa 75.97 0.17 0.15 26.7 102.99

13 Dholpur 297.98 0 0 20.5 318.48

14 Dungarpur 324.88 0 0 52.8 377.68

15 Ganganagar 0 0 0 0 0

16 Hanumangarh 23.12 0 0 0 23.12

17 Jaipur 385.51 19.12 39.87 80.79 525.29

8 Wasteland atlas of India 2010, Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India.



18

18 Jaisalmer 145.87 11.36 40.67 1228.13 1426.03

19 Jalore 161.06 11.91 36.66 173.3 382.93

20 Jhalwar 604.36 0 0 13.9 618.26

21 Jhunjhunu 169.99 0 0 32.69 202.68

22 Jodhpur 57.53 48.96 6.18 500.21 612.88

23 Karoli 1121.07 0 0 55.44 1176.51

24 Kota 521.43 0 0 11.32 532.75

25 Nagaur 127.64 18.09 102.56 91.67 339.96

26 Pali 197.13 77.78 7.72 289.72 572.35

28 Rajsamand 41.21 0 0 392.05 433.26

29 S.Madhopur 388.69 0 0.62 28.83 418.14

30 Sikar 309.74 6.93 4.48 117.27 438.42

31 Sirohi 504.43 0 0 12.33 516.76

32 Tonk 102.92 0 0 22.49 125.41

33 Udaipur 1377.87 0 0 247.63 1625.5

11365.78 347.12 269.13 4905.72 16,887.8

As per the Biomass Policy issued by Government of Rajasthan in February 2010,

the eligible biomass power producers shall identify suitable land for development of

Prosopis- Juliflora within reserved area of power plant registered with RREC after

approval of the project.

When Prosopis Juliflora grows in organized plantation with care and attention,

the average yield of prosopis juliflora through energy plantation has been estimated

to be approximately 28 tons per ha per year or 113 T/ha/ 4 years cycle9. If the

waste lands are utilized for energy plantation, then the estimated fire wood

generation is around 4, 72, 85,840 tons per year.

9 Ecology of Prosopis juliflora in the arid regions of India - S.K. Saxena. Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur 342003, India



19

Table 4.4 Estimated Potential Biomass from Waste Land through Energy Plantation in Rajasthan

Sl.No District Total land Available for

Plantation

Average Yield

Tons/ha/year

Estimated Biomass

Generation Tons/year

1 Ajmer 42520 28 1190560 2 Alwar 38500 28 1078000 3 Banswara 73202 28 2049656 4 Baran 123295 28 3452260 5 Barmer 55680 28 1559040

6 Bharatpur 25340 28 709520 7 Bhilwara 56964 28 1594992 8 Bikaner 9050 28 253400 9 Bundi 85929 28 2406012

10 Chittore 99351 28 2781828 11 Churu 2004 28 56112 12 Dausa 10299 28 288372 13 Dholpur 31848 28 891744

14 Dungarpur 37768 28 1057504 15 Ganganagar 0 28 0

16 Hanumangarh 2312 28 64736 17 Jaipur 52529 28 1470812 18 Jaisalmer 142603 28 3992884 19 Jalore 38293 28 1072204 20 Jhalwar 61826 28 1731128

21 Jhunjhunu 20268 28 567504 22 Jodhpur 61288 28 1716064 23 Karoli 117651 28 3294228 24 Kota 53275 28 1491700 25 Nagaur 33996 28 951888 26 Pali 57235 28 1602580

28 Rajsamand 43326 28 1213128 29 S.Madhopur 41814 28 1170792 30 Sikar 43842 28 1227576 31 Sirohi 51676 28 1446928 32 Tonk 12541 28 351148 33 Udaipur 162550 28 4551400

1688775 47285700



20

Chapter 5

MAJOR BIOMASS IN THE STUDY AREA

5.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter deals about the major biomass in the study area. The major biomass

available in Rajasthan are Mustard Stalks and Husk, Guar Stalks, Castor Stem,

G.Nut Stalks, Gram Stalks, Cotton Stalks, Soyabean Stalks from Agricultural land

and Prosopois Juliflora wood from Waste Land. Table 5.1 shows the surplus

amount of biomass available.

Table 5.1 Surplus Biomass from Various Sources

S.No. Biomass Surplus 10tons/year

%

Agro- Field Biomass

1 Mustard Stalks&

Husk

11,62,679 15.01

2 Guar Stalks 6,96,922 9.00

3 Castor Stem 5,07,715 6.56

4 G.Nut Stalks 4,42,907 5.72

5 Gram Stalks 3,53,511 4.56

6 Cotton Stalks 3,50,720 4.53

7 Soyabean Stalks 3,32,178 4.29

8 Moong Stalks 1,19,012 1.54

9 Moth Stalks 1,11,229 1.44

10 Seasamum Stalks 79,092 1.02

11 Urad Stalks 33,164 0.43

Waste Land Biomass

12 Prosopis Juliflora

Wood

35,56,189 45.91

Total 77,45,318 100.00

10 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 average surplus biomass of Rajasthan State.



21

5.1 SELECTION OF SUITABLE BIOMASS FOR PLANT

The major biomasses considered for detailed discussion are as follows:

1) Mustard Stalks& Husk

2) Guar Stalks

3) Castor Steam

4) Ground Nut Stalks

5) Gram Stalks

6) Cotton Stalks

7) Soyabean Stalks

8) Prosopis Juliflora wood

Moong Stalks, Moth Stalks, Seasamum Stalks, Urad Stalks are not considered for the

detailed discussion because of its meager quantity in the study area. The district wise

major crop cultivation area, biomass generation, consumption and surplus of are

discussed below. The Prosopis Juliflora already discussed detailed in the chapter 4.

5.2 MUSTARD STALKS AND HUSK

Mustard is an important crop in this study area, particularly in the Tonk, Jaipur,

Alwar, Bharatpur, S.Madhopur and Ganganagar Districts. The Study area has an overall

area of 25, 52,034 Ha under Mustard cultivation.

Table 5.2 District wise Mustard Cultivated Area in Rajasthan11

S.N

o

Districts Mustard Cultivated area in Ha

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Average %

1 Ajmer 24761 26943 40971 30892 1.2 2 Jaipur 130121 129440 121256 126939 5.0 3 Dausa 71186 77039 77949 75391 3.0 4 Tonk 181304 239290 266482 229025 9.0 5 Sikar 74672 68539 61457 68223 2.7 6 Jhunjhunu 93383 97634 82764 91260 3.6

11 2010-11, 2011-12 & 2012-13 G-Return Statistical Department of Rajasthan State, Jaipur. The years 2013-14 , 2014-2015 cultivation area data is not available during our survey in January 2015.



22

7 Nagaur 52924 29496 68825 50415 2.0 8 Alwar 252730 264822 245516 254356 10.0 9 Bharatpur 202688 208018 231278 213995 8.4

10 Dholpur 60772 69037 71388 67066 2.6 11 S.Madhopur 151680 171164 181313 168052 6.6 12 Karoli 74140 80521 82711 79124 3.1 13 Bikaner 42172 48242 49612 46675 1.8 14 Churu 20679 24100 29637 24805 1.0 15 Jaisalmer 69288 62909 57838 63345 2.5 16 Ganganagar 281408 272238 257010 270219 10.6 17 Hanumangarh 108061 88991 105523 100858 4.0 18 Jodhpur 78487 63350 79784 73874 2.9 19 Barmer 25982 10249 14604 16945 0.7 20 Jalore 105461 46496 69169 73709 2.9 21 Pali 44012 40601 70796 51803 2.0 22 Sirohi 22935 17687 22768 21130 0.8 23 Kota 55614 60738 76313 64222 2.5 24 Baran 77635 65192 89736 77521 3.0 25 Bundi 41689 53284 66967 53980 2.1 26 Jhalwar 32622 32390 79561 48191 1.9 27 Banswara 111 99 83 98 0.0 28 Dungarpur 926 760 925 870 0.0 29 Udaipur 17541 13925 13107 14858 0.6 30 Pratapgarh 5585 5267 10797 7216 0.3 31 Bhilwara 32230 28729 42144 34368 1.3 32 Chittore 53119 40643 54103 49288 1.9 33 Rajsamand 3974 3421 2569 3321 0.1

Total 24,89,892 24,41,254 27,24,956 25,52,034 100

Mustard stalks & husk are available abundance in this study area, the estimated

generation based on the primary data and secondary data is around 63,56,045tons /year

in Rajasthan. Mustard stalks are harvested during month of Feb-May.

Table 5.3 District wise Mustard Stalks & Husk Generation Consumption and Surplus in Rajasthan12

S. No Districts Mustard Stalks &Husk

Generation

Tons/Year

Consumption

Tons/Year

Surplus/Deficit

Tons/Year

1 Ajmer 76941 61553 15388

12 The years 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 average Mustard stalks & husk generation, consumption and surplus of Rajasthan State.



23

2 Jaipur 262207 340869 -786623 Dausa 195621 156497 391244 Tonk 589271 471417 1178545 Sikar 134058 113949 201096 Jhunjhunu 188424 131897 565277 Nagaur 114097 125507 -114108 Alwar 689007 999060 -3100539 Bharatpur 655530 360541 294988

10 Dholpur 186250 65188 12106311 S.Madhopur 392489 58873 33361612 Karoli 221480 33222 18825813 Bikaner 92221 59944 3227714 Churu 47833 11958 3587415 Jaisalmer 69197 10380 5881816 Ganganagar 739008 997661 -25865317 Hanumangarh 276338 276338 018 Jodhpur 150773 22616 12815719 Barmer 36314 5447 3086720 Jalore 163209 163209 021 Pali 85289 21322 6396722 Sirohi 49481 12370 3711123 Kota 191589 201168 -957924 Baran 227340 261441 -3410125 Bundi 130641 84917 4572526 Jhalwar 127373 19106 10826727 Banswara 245 37 20828 Dungarpur 2183 327 185529 Udaipur 32764 14744 1802030 Pratapgarh 21492 5373 1611931 Bhilwara 76239 34308 4193132 Chittore 124424 68433 5599133 Rajsamand 6716 3694 3022

Total 63,56,045 51,93,365 11,62,679

About 82 % of the mustard stalks & husk are used as fuel in brick kilns, biomass

power plant, thermal energy consuming industries (Small and Medium Boilers &

Furnaces in Industries) and briquetting units in the local area. Hence 18 % of residues

generated is available as surplus. There are more than thousand numbers of brick kilns in

rajasthan and major fuel for brick kiln is mustard residues.



24

5.3 GUAR STALKS

Guar is an one of major cash crop in this study area, particularly in bikaner, jaisalmer,

barmer, churu, hanumangarh and ganganagar districts. Rajasthan state has an overall area

of 35, 34,394 Ha under guar cultivation.

Table 5.4 District wise Guar Cultivated Area in Rajasthan13

S.N

o

Districts Guar Cultivated area in Ha

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Average %

1 Ajmer 6375 5347 19915 10546 0.3 2 Jaipur 44280 38430 55562 46091 1.3 3 Dausa 7016 5187 9386 7196 0.2 4 Tonk 2764 2696 7040 4167 0.1 5 Sikar 63743 77815 125528 89029 2.5 6 Jhunjhunu 54795 62340 125518 80884 2.3 7 Nagaur 73708 87082 211100 123963 3.5 8 Alwar 23399 19084 44214 28899 0.8 9 Bharatpur 2967 2175 9854 4999 0.1

10 Dholpur 587 403 1140 710 0.0 11 S.Madhopur 1423 940 4639 2334 0.1 12 Karoli 1435 1118 4806 2453 0.1 13 Bikaner 876113 901354 1094401 957289 27.1 14 Churu 247427 326758 607465 393883 11.1 15 Jaisalmer 424326 429305 499855 451162 12.8 16 Ganganagar 182192 162385 325064 223214 6.3 17 Hanumangarh 291344 295571 491009 359308 10.2 18 Jodhpur 134019 141835 254221 176692 5.0 19 Barmer 409097 428031 413648 416925 11.8 20 Jalore 53778 43170 93512 63487 1.8 21 Pali 39848 30383 58196 42809 1.2 22 Sirohi 8864 8317 11980 9720 0.3 23 Kota 0 0 0 0 0.0 24 Baran 0 0 0 0 0.0 25 Bundi 869 345 665 626 0.0 26 Jhalwar 0 0 630 210 0.0 27 Banswara 770 522 726 673 0.0 28 Dungarpur 2643 2240 2219 2367 0.1 29 Udaipur 11888 10559 11436 11294 0.3 30 Pratapgarh 57 50 207 105 0.0 31 Bhilwara 7574 6238 28955 14256 0.4

13 2010-11, 2011-12 & 2012-13 G-Return Statistical Department of Rajasthan State, Jaipur. The year 2013-14 , 2014-2015 cultivation area data is not available during our survey in January 2015.



25

32 Chittore 3756 3436 8486 5226 0.1 33 Rajsamand 3889 2753 4991 3878 0.1

Total 2980946 3095869 4526368 3534394 100

Guar stalks are available abundance in this study area. The estimated Guar stalks

availability based on the primary data and secondary data is around 6, 96,922 tons /year

within the Study Area. Guar stalks are harvested during month of Oct-Dec.

Table 5.5 District wise Guar Stalks Generation Consumption and Surplus in Rajasthan14

S.No Districts Guar Stalks in Tons/ Year

Generation Consumption Surplus

1 Ajmer 12251 10413 18382 Jaipur 73132 84102 -109703 Dausa 12299 9224 30754 Tonk 4992 2496 24965 Sikar 121010 102859 181526 Jhunjhunu 113654 102288 113657 Nagaur 60534 54481 60538 Alwar 58537 64391 -58549 Bharatpur 11817 6499 5317

10 Dholpur 632 221 41111 S.Madhopur 3985 598 338812 Karoli 4593 689 390413 Bikaner 763827 572870 19095714 Churu 230864 126975 10388915 Jaisalmer 186870 46718 14015316 Ganganagar 420371 525464 -10509317 Hanumangarh 646727 646727 018 Jodhpur 154763 38691 11607219 Barmer 188186 47046 14113920 Jalore 68095 68095 021 Pali 50093 17533 3256122 Sirohi 13993 6297 769623 Kota 0 0 024 Baran 0 0 025 Bundi 571 200 37126 Jhalwar 169 59 110

14 The years 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 average Guar stalks generation, consumption and surplus of Rajasthan State.



26

27 Banswara 729 255 47428 Dungarpur 2068 724 134429 Udaipur 16623 5818 1080530 Pratapgarh 91 32 5931 Bhilwara 14521 3630 1089032 Chittore 5890 2651 324033 Rajsamand 4740 1659 3081

Total 32,46,627 25,49,705 6,96,922

About 79 % of the stalks are used for fodder, brick units, briquetting units and industrial

fuel purposes. Hence 21 % of stalks generated is available as surplus.

5.4 CASTOR STEM

Castor is an another important biomass crop in this study area, particularly in the Jalore,

Sirohi, Barmer and Jodhpur districts. The sstudy area has an overall area of 2, 27,009 Ha

under castor cultivation. Castor Stems are 3 to 3.5 m long, depending upon the variety

and the crop condition, and their diameter just above the ground may vary from 3 to 5

cm. Some varieties yield highly branched Stem.

Table 5.6 District wise Castor Cultivated Area in Rajasthan15

S.No Districts Castor Cultivated area in Ha

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Average %

1 Ajmer 119 1041 262 474 0 2 Jaipur 21 27 9 19 0 3 Dausa 0 0 5 2 0 4 Tonk 43 352 88 161 0 5 Sikar 2 12 6 7 0 6 Jhunjhunu 66 354 200 207 0 7 Nagaur 107 818 169 365 0 8 Alwar 0 0 1 0 0 9 Bharatpur 14 183 54 84 0

10 Dholpur 1 0 0 0 0 11 S.Madhopur 0 5 0 2 0




27

12 Karoli 0 1 2 1 0 13 Bikaner 145 581 222 316 0 14 Churu 0 11 6 6 0 15 Jaisalmer 2103 7493 6018 5205 2 16 Ganganagar 1694 3052 728 1825 1 17 Hanumangarh 4179 5611 777 3522 2 18 Jodhpur 25682 40266 39249 35066 15 19 Barmer 29510 43147 37502 36720 16 20 Jalore 67253 123273 87067 92531 41 21 Pali 2792 10904 6519 6738 3 22 Sirohi 32879 53173 43519 43190 19 23 Kota 0 0 11 4 0 24 Baran 0 2 0 1 0 25 Bundi 0 21 9 10 0 26 Jhalwar 0 2 0 1 0 27 Banswara 31 32 7 23 0 28 Dungarpur 32 549 435 339 0 29 Udaipur 17 17 27 20 0 30 Pratapgarh 35 4 1 13 0 31 Bhilwara 15 337 94 149 0 32 Chittore 6 26 1 11 0 33 Rajsamand 0 0 0 0 0

Total 1,66,746 2,91,294 2,22,988 2,27,009 100

The estimated ccastor stems availability based on the data analysis is around 5, 07,715

tons /year in the sstudy area.

Table 5.7 District wise Castor Stem Generation Consumption and Surplus in Rajasthan16

S.No Districts Generation Consumption Surplus

Tons/Year

1 Ajmer 725 435 2902 Jaipur 73 40 333 Dausa 13 7 64 Tonk 319 175 1435 Sikar 21 12 106 Jhunjhunu 367 202 1657 Nagaur 1647 906 741




28

8 Alwar 0 0 09 Bharatpur 323 177 145


Total 1350342 842628 507715

Caster Stem at present is not utilised by any industries in the study area. About 62% of

the stems are used for domestic fuel purposes. Hence almost 38% of Stems generated is

available as surplus. The moisture content of the caster stem during harvesting is between

60 to 70%, because of the high moisture content of this biomass, the industries are not

consider this biomass as fuel. However it will be dried on field first and used in the

industries is the best option for utilize surplus quantum of this biomass. It is also planned

to provide the necessary facilities for the castor growers to stock castor stem near their

fields or in exclusive collection centres to avoid shortage of space at the power plant site.



29

5.5 GROUNDNUT STALKS

Groundnut is also an important crop in this study area particularly in the Bikaner,

Jodhpur, Jaipur, Churu and Sikar districts. The study area has an overall average area of

3, 85,930 Ha under Groundnut cultivation. The residue of Groundnut is a stalks and it is

produced in the field at the time of harvesting. Groundnut stalks are 0.5 to 1 meter long.

The specific weight of short chopped groundnut stalks is about 140 kg / m3.

Table 5.8 District wise Groundnut Cultivated Area in Rajasthan17

S.No Districts Groundnut Cultivated Area in Ha

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Average %


10 Dholpur 91 161 90 114 0.0 11 S.Madhopur 5493 7884 5590 6322 1.6 12 Karoli 1128 1068 896 1031 0.3 13 Bikaner 85189 101429 109215 98611 25.6 14 Churu 25245 32892 37562 31900 8.3 15 Jaisalmer 11221 14246 12659 12709 3.3 16 Ganganagar 3743 3904 2013 3220 0.8 17 Hanumangarh 4793 5199 4011 4668 1.2 18 Jodhpur 49084 61761 64222 58356 15.1 19 Barmer 578 1028 710 772 0.2 20 Jalore 3986 6539 6791 5772 1.5 21 Pali 1018 1353 1182 1184 0.3 22 Sirohi 5536 6437 5966 5980 1.5 23 Kota 326 422 339 362 0.1 24 Baran 597 753 522 624 0.2 25 Bundi 394 498 486 459 0.1 26 Jhalwar 1357 1373 1167 1299 0.3




30

27 Banswara 189 205 163 186 0.0 28 Dungarpur 31 41 6 26 0.0 29 Udaipur 3185 2814 2803 2934 0.8 30 Pratapgarh 801 808 584 731 0.2 31 Bhilwara 6918 7196 6400 6838 1.8 32 Chittore 19393 19379 16580 18451 4.8 33 Rajsamand 1895 1877 1646 1806 0.5

Total 3,49,331 4,18,110 3,97,809 3,85,930 100

Groundnut Stalks is available surplus in the study area. The estimated Groundnut Stalks

availability based on the Secondary data is around 4, 42,907 tons /year around the Study

Area.

Table 5.9 District wise Groundnut stalks Generation Consumption and Surplus in Rajasthan18

S.No Districts Groundnut stalks Tons/Year


1 Ajmer 6734 4377 23572 Jaipur 204975 133234 717413 Dausa 57366 37288 200784 Tonk 42272 29590 126815 Sikar 113701 73906 397956 Jhunjhunu 11202 7841 33617 Nagaur 48295 43465 48298 Alwar 5631 4786 8459 Bharatpur 228 148 80

10 Dholpur 481 313 16811 S.Madhopur 20427 13278 715012 Karoli 3830 1724 210713 Bikaner 537445 456828 8061714 Churu 129179 83966 4521315 Jaisalmer 33900 15255 1864516 Ganganagar 14239 9255 498317 Hanumangarh 24563 13510 1105418 Jodhpur 204199 132730 7147019 Barmer 3232 1454 177820 Jalore 23327 17496 583221 Pali 4195 2727 1468

18 The years 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 average Groundnut stalks generation, consumption and surplus of Rajasthan State.



31

22 Sirohi 21970 16477 549223 Kota 1517 1138 37924 Baran 2632 1711 92125 Bundi 1907 1621 28626 Jhalwar 4595 2068 252727 Banswara 781 352 43028 Dungarpur 114 51 6329 Udaipur 5851 3803 204830 Pratapgarh 2459 1599 86131 Bhilwara 19175 12464 671132 Chittore 61808 46356 1545233 Rajsamand 4244 2758 1485

Total 16,16,475 11,73,568 4,42,907

Groundnut stalks is the residue left after the removal of the kernel form the pod. At

present 73 % of the generated stalks is consumed by local people for domestic activity,

some the brick kilns, biomass power plant and thermal industries in this study area.

5.6 GRAM STALKS

Gram is also one of the major crop in this study area particularly in the Churu,

Bikaner, Hanumangarh, Jaisalmer and Ganganagar districts. The Study area has an

overall average area of 14, 86,524 Ha under gram cultivation.

Table 5.10 District wise Gram Cultivated Area in Rajasthan19

S.No Districts Gram Cultivated area in Ha

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Average %

1 Ajmer 111133 87692 90065 96297 6.5 2 Jaipur 104503 103824 103274 103867 7.0 3 Dausa 10265 1171 12619 8018 0.5 4 Tonk 70332 59853 58579 62921 4.2 5 Sikar 84841 50146 42156 59048 4.0 6 Jhunjhunu 129439 75074 62745 89086 6.0 7 Nagaur 56970 11200 46517 38229 2.6




32

8 Alwar 13667 11289 11914 12290 0.8 9 Bharatpur 4885 4437 4321 4548 0.3


Total 17,83,281 14,23,354 12,52,936 14,86,524 100.0

The estimated surplus gram stalks generation based on the primary data and secondary

data is around 3, 53,511 tons /year in Rajasthan.

Table 5.11 District wise Gram Stalks Generation Consumption and Surplus in Rajasthan20

S.No Districts Gram stalks in Tons / Year


1 Ajmer 97432 73074 243582 Jaipur 163977 122983 409943 Dausa 11177 8383 2794




33

4 Tonk 65638 49228 164095 Sikar 76616 57462 191546 Jhunjhunu 111774 83830 279437 Nagaur 45771 34328 114438 Alwar 18617 13963 46549 Bharatpur 8144 6108 2036


Total 14,14,045 10,60,534 3,53,511

5.7 COTTON STALKS

Cotton Stalks is also an important cash crop in this study area particularly in the

Hanumangarh and Ganganagar districts. The Study area has an overall area of 4, 75,495

Ha under Cotton cultivation .Cotton Stalks are 1 to 1.75 m long, depending upon the

variety and the crop condition, and their diameter just above the ground may vary from 1

to 2.5 cm. Some varieties yield highly branched stalks. The specific weight of short

chopped cotton stalks is about 185 kg/m3.



34

Table 5.12 District wise Cotton Cultivated Area in Rajasthan21

S.No Districts Cotton Cultivated area in Ha

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Average %



Total 3,35,871 5,67,575 5,23,039 4,75,495 100




35

Cotton Stalks are available abundance in Ganganager and Hanumangarh districts. The

estimated surplus cotton stalks is around 3,50,720 tons /year within the study area.

Cotton Stalks are harvested during month Nov-Jan.

Table 5.13 District wise Cotton Stalks Generation Consumption and Surplus in Rajasthan22

S.No Districts Cotton Stalks


1 Ajmer 13511 6755 67552 Jaipur 218 109 1093 Dausa 42 13 294 Tonk 1714 514 12005 Sikar 445 133 3116 Jhunjhunu 465 139 3257 Nagaur 66711 43362 233498 Alwar 15530 11647 38829 Bharatpur 351 228 123

10 Dholpur 50 22 2711 S.Madhopur 28 7 2112 Karoli 193 48 14513 Bikaner 4985 1495 348914 Churu 316 190 12615 Jaisalmer 332 83 24916 Ganganagar 231775 150654 8112117 Hanumangarh 356632 267474 8915818 Jodhpur 39729 5959 3377019 Barmer 13 2 1120 Jalore 1218 914 30521 Pali 13865 3466 1039922 Sirohi 2739 1506 123223 Kota 43 23 1924 Baran 42 23 1925 Bundi 98 54 4426 Jhalwar 12 2 1127 Banswara 16004 2401 1360328 Dungarpur 1786 268 151829 Udaipur 4421 1547 287430 Pratapgarh 1412 353 1059

22 The years 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 average Cotton stalks generation, consumption and surplus of Rajasthan State.



36

31 Bhilwara 63337 15834 4750332 Chittore 34568 15555 1901233 Rajsamand 13722 4803 8919

Total 8,86,306 5,35,587 3,50,720

The Cotton stalks at present is utilised by local people as domestic fuel, brick kiln,

biomass power plant, thermal energy consuming industries in the study area. About 60%

of the total cotton stalks generation is taken as consumption as fuel in brick Kiln and

domestic fuel leaving a surplus of about 3, 50,720 tons/year.

5.6 SOYABEAN STALKS

Soyabean is an another major crop in Rajasthan particularly in the Jhalwar, Baran, Kota

and Pratapgarh districts. The Study area has an overall area of 9, 00,782 Ha under Soya

Bean cultivation. Soya Bean is grown in Kharif season.

Table 5.14 District wise Soyabean Cultivated Area in Rajasthan23

S.No Districts Soyabean Cultivated area in Ha

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Average %


10 Dholpur 0 3 2 2 0.0 11 S.Madhopur 786 2962 3884 2544 0.3 12 Karoli 0 0 1 0 0.0 13 Bikaner 0 0 0 0 0.0 14 Churu 0 0 0 0 0.0 15 Jaisalmer 0 0 0 0 0.0 16 Ganganagar 0 0 0 0 0.0 17 Hanumangarh 0 0 0 0 0.0




37

18 Jodhpur 0 0 0 0 0.0 19 Barmer 0 0 0 0 0.0 20 Jalore 0 0 0 0 0.0 21 Pali 0 0 4 1 0.0 22 Sirohi 3 0 0 1 0.0 23 Kota 112195 147002 186411 148536 16.5 24 Baran 195086 234324 276189 235200 26.1 25 Bundi 55169 76131 88674 73325 8.1 26 Jhalwar 240086 252058 271055 254400 28.2 27 Banswara 19030 20429 21857 20439 2.3 28 Dungarpur 1207 2019 3911 2379 0.3 29 Udaipur 1802 1927 2987 2239 0.2 30 Pratapgarh 101124 105737 111071 105977 11.8 31 Bhilwara 2619 5642 6896 5052 0.6 32 Chittore 36315 48686 66705 50569 5.6 33 Rajsamand 0 0 2 1 0.0

Total 765499 897072 1039776 900782 100

The soyabean stalks is available in and around Jhalwar, Baran, Kota and Pratapgarh

districts. The estimated soyabean stalks surplus availability within the study area is

around 3, 32,178 tons/year. District wise availability of soya bean is given below.

Table 5.15 District wise Soyabean Stalks Generation Consumption and Surplus

in Rajasthan24

S.No Districts Soyabean Stalks


1 Ajmer 10 10 0

2 Jaipur 5 5 0

3 Dausa 2 2 0

4 Tonk 265 265 0

5 Sikar 1 1 0

6 Jhunjhunu 1 1 0

7 Nagaur 0 0 0

24 The years 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 average Soyabean Stalks generation, consumption and surplus of Rajasthan State.



38

8 Alwar 0 0 0

9 Bharatpur 15 15 0

10 Dholpur 4 4 0

11 S.Madhopur 5095 5095 0

12 Karoli 1 1 0

13 Bikaner 0 0 0

14 Churu 0 0 0

15 Jaisalmer 0 0 0

16 Ganganagar 0 0 0

17 Hanumangarh 0 0 0

18 Jodhpur 0 0 0

19 Barmer 0 0 0

20 Jalore 0 0 0

21 Pali 3 3 0

22 Sirohi 2 2 0

23 Kota 356578 410065 -53487

24 Baran 697963 663065 34898

25 Bundi 174082 113153 60929

26 Jhalwar 617116 462837 154279

27 Banswara 32068 24051 8017

28 Dungarpur 5895 4421 1474

29 Udaipur 4660 3495 1165

30 Pratapgarh 222626 144707 77919

31 Bhilwara 10176 6614 3562

32 Chittore 124063 80641 43422

33 Rajsamand 2 1 1

Total 22,50,632 19,18,453 3,32,178

About 85 % of the stalks are used for fodder , domestic fuel and fuel for Thermal energy

consuming Industries. Hence almost 15 % of the Stalks generated is available as surplus.


39 Abi Energy Consultancy Services Pvt Ltd Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Ltd

Chapter 6

BIOMASS PRICE, TRENDS & FORECAST ANALYSIS

6.0 INTRODUCTION: Biomass power plants are located in various districts of Rajasthan namely

Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Kota, Baran, Tonk, Jaipur, Nagaur, Sirohi, and Jalore

districts. The major biomass consumed by the power plants are Mustard Stalks &

Husk, Gaur Stalks, Prosopis Juliflora Wood and Cotton Stalks.

The variations in the procurement cost of major biomass with respect to the power

plant consumption pattern for the past three years are discussed in the price trend

analysis. Also, the trend analysis includes a prediction on the future escalation of

biomass price.

The details of the price trend of each biomass are discussed in the following order

i. Mustard Stalks and Husk Price Trend

ii. Gaur Stalks Price Trend

iii. Prosopis Juliflora Wood Price Trend

iv. Cotton Stalks Price Trend

6.1 MUSTARD STALKS &HUSK PRICE TREND: The mustard stalks & husk stands first in the discussion of price analysis because of

its higher generation and consumption pattern in Rajasthan.

All the running biomass power plants in the Rajasthan state are using the mustard

stalks & husk as a major fuel for biomass power plant.

The procurement of mustard stalks & husk starts within the harvesting period and

ends with respect to the storage capacity & fund availability of the consuming

industries. The below table shows the price trend of mustard stalks & husk for the

period of three years (2012,2013 & 2014)



Table 6.1 Price Trend in Rs. for Last Three Years – Mustard Stalks & Husk

S.

No Districts

Surplus

/ Deficit

in Tons

Year 2012

Year 2013 Year 2014

Min Max Min Max Min Max 1 Ajmer 15388 1900 2100 2000 2200 2300 2700 2 Jaipur -78662 2000 2100 2200 2500 2700 3000 3 Dausa 39124 1900 2000 2300 2500 2500 2600 4 Tonk 117854 1800 2100 1800 2200 1800 2200 5 Sikar 20109 1900 2000 2000 2200 2250 2400 6 Jhunjhunu 56527 2000 2100 2200 2500 2400 2600 7 Nagaur -11410 1800 2000 2000 2200 2250 2500 8 Alwar -310053 2200 2400 2400 2700 2800 3100 9 Bharatpur 294988 1800 2000 2200 2600 2600 3000

10 Dholpur 121063 1900 2000 2000 2200 2400 2700 11 S.Madhopur 333616 1700 1800 1800 2000 2100 2400 12 Karoli 188258 2000 2200 2300 2400 2600 2700 13 Bikaner 32277 1900 2000 2000 2200 2250 2500 14 Churu 35874 1900 2000 2000 2200 2500 2800 15 Jaisalmer 58818 2000 2100 2200 2400 2500 2800 16 Ganganagar -258653 2200 2300 2300 2600 2600 3000 17 Hanumangarh 0 2100 2300 2200 2500 2600 3000 18 Jodhpur 128157 1800 1900 2000 2200 2300 2500 19 Barmer 30867 2000 2100 2200 2400 2500 2600 20 Jalore 0 2100 2300 2200 2500 2600 2800 21 Pali 63967 1900 2100 2100 2400 2400 2600 22 Sirohi 37111 2000 2100 2100 2300 2500 2800 23 Kota -9579 2200 2300 2400 2700 2500 2900 24 Baran -34101 2100 2300 2200 2600 2400 2700 25 Bundi 45725 2100 2300 2400 2600 2200 2300 26 Jhalwar 108267 1800 2000 2000 2100 2000 2300 27 Banswara 208 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2500 28 Dungarpur 1855 1900 2100 2100 2200 2200 2300 29 Udaipur 18020 1900 2000 2100 2300 2300 2500 30 Pratapgarh 16119 1800 2000 2000 2200 2200 2400 31 Bhilwara 41931 1800 2000 2000 2200 2000 2300 32 Chittore 55991 1800 2000 2000 2200 2250 2500 33 Rajsamand 3022 1900 2000 2000 2300 2300 2500

Total 1162678 1936 2082 2112 2345 2367 2621 Average 2009 2229 2494

Price Escalation 10.95 % 11.88%



The average price variation in the year 2012 is Rs 1,777 to Rs1929, price variation in

the year 2013 is Rs 1913 to Rs 2100 and price variation in year 2014 is Rs 2210 to Rs

2458 respectively. Based on the last three-year price data, the price variation of

mustard stalks & husk is between Rs.1700 to Rs.3100. The escalated in the cost of

mustard stalks & husk from the year 2012-13 is 10.95% and 2013-14 is 11.88%.

Thus, it is clear from the data that the cost of biomass has got fluctuated in the

increasing trend.



The following figure shows the district wise price variation of Mustard Stalks & Husk in Rajasthan for the last three years:

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

2012

2013

2014



6.2 GUAR STALKS PRICE TREND Guar is an important crop in this study area, particularly in the Bikaner, Jaisalmer,

Barmer, Churu, Hanumangarh and Ganganagar Districts. The Study area has an

overall average area of 35, 34,394 Ha under Guar cultivation. More than 79% Guar

crops are grown in Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Barmer, Churu, Hanumangarh and

Ganganagar Districts. The estimated Guar stalks generation is around 32,46,627 tons

/year within the Study Area. Guar stalks are harvested during month of Oct-Dec.

Guar Stalks are major fuel for brick kiln, biomass power plant and thermal

energy consuming industries. About 25, 49,705 tons /year of the stalks are used for

fodder, brick biln and industrial fuel purposes. Hence 6, 96,922 tons /year of stalks is

available as surplus.

The landed cost of guar stalks at site for the last three years was given below.

Table 6.2 Price Trend in Rs for the Last Three Years- Guar Stalks

S.No Districts Surplus/Deficit

in Tons/Year

Year 2012 Year 2013 Year 2014

Min Max Min Max Min Max

1 Ajmer 1838 1800 2000 1900 2100 2200 2300

2 Jaipur -10970 1900 2100 2000 2100 2200 2600

3 Dausa 3075 1700 1800 1800 1900 2000 2400

4 Tonk 2496 1800 2000 1900 2100 1900 2100

5 Sikar 18152 1800 1900 1900 2000 2100 2400

6 Jhunjhunu 11365 1700 1800 1700 2000 2100 2400

7 Nagaur 6053 1700 1800 1900 2100 2200 2400

8 Alwar -5854 1800 2000 2000 2300 2400 2700

9 Bharatpur 5317 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2500

10 Dholpur 411 1700 1800 1800 2000 2100 2400

11 S.Madhopur 3388 1700 1800 1900 2000 2200 2400

12 Karoli 3904 1800 2000 2000 2100 2100 2400

13 Bikaner 190957 1800 1900 2000 2200 2400 2700

14 Churu 103889 1700 1800 1800 2000 2300 2600

15 Jaisalmer 140153 1900 2100 1800 2100 2100 2300

16 Ganganagar -105093 1800 2000 2000 2200 2400 2800



17 Hanumangarh 0 1800 2000 2100 2300 2300 2600

18 Jodhpur 116072 1700 1900 1800 2200 2300 2400

19 Barmer 141139 1700 1900 1900 2100 2300 2500

20 Jalore 0 1800 2000 2000 2200 2200 2500

21 Pali 32561 1900 2100 2000 2200 2300 2500

22 Sirohi 7696 1800 2000 2100 2300 2300 2500

23 Kota N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A

24 Baran N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A

25 Bundi 371 1800 1900 1900 2100 2200 2400

26 Jhalwar 110 1700 1900 1900 2000 2100 2300

27 Banswara 474 1900 2000 2000 2200 2300 2500

28 Dungarpur 1344 1900 2000 1800 1900 2000 2300

29 Udaipur 10805 1600 1700 1800 2000 2200 2400

30 Pratapgarh 59 1700 1800 1800 1900 2300 2400

31 Bhilwara 10890 1800 1900 1800 2000 2200 2500

32 Chittore 3240 1800 2000 2000 2200 2300 2500

33 Rajsamand 3081 1800 2000 2000 2200 2300 2500

Total 6,96,922 1777 1929 1913 2100 2210 2458

Average 1853 2006 2334

Price Escalation 8.27 % 16.32 %

The average price variation in the year 2012 is Rs 1,777 to Rs1929, price variation in

the year 2013 is Rs 1913 to Rs 2100 and price variation in the year 2014 is Rs 2210 to

Rs 2458 respectively.

The guar stalks average price in the year 2012 is Rs 1853 was increased 8.27 % to Rs

2006 in the year 2013 and average price in the year 2013 is Rs 2006 is increased

16.32 % to Rs 2,334 in the year 2014. The demand for guar stalks was high in

ganganagar and hanumangarh because of more number of brick kiln and thermal

energy consuming industries. The price of guar stalks varies from Rs 1600 to Rs 2800

in last three years.



The following figure shows the district wise price variation of Guar Stalks in Rajasthan for the last three years.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000 ye

ar

Ajm

er

Jaip

ur

Daus

a To

nk

Sika

r Jh

unjh

unu

Nag

aur

Alw

ar

Bhar

atpu

r Dh

olpu

r S.

Mad

hopu

r Ka

roli

Bika

ner

Chur

u Ja

isal

mer

Ga

ngan

agar

H

anum

anga

rh

Jodh

pur

Barm

er

Jalo

re

Pali

Siro

hi

Kota

Ba

ran

Bund

i Jh

alw

ar

Bans

war

a Du

ngar

pur

Udai

pur

Prat

apga

rh

Bhilw

ara

Chitt

ore

Rajs

aman

d

2012

2013

2014



6.3 JULIFLORA WOOD PRICE TREND

Firewood dealers play major role in handling the biomass, on collection from

source, they distribute for local consumption against the requirements by the

industries and the rest to the other industries within and outside the study area as

per the market demand. The landed cost at site of prosopis juliflora wood include

cutting cost, transportation cost , chipping cost, loading and unloading cost. The

below table shows the year wise breakup of cutting cost/ uprooting, transportation

cost , chipping cost, loading and unloading cost.

Table 6.3 Cutting/Uprooting, Transportation, Loading &Unloading, Chipping

Cost of Prosopis Juliflora Wood per Rs. Per Ton

S.No Activity Year 2012 Year 2013 Year 2014


1 Cutting cost / uprooting, 350 500 400 550 450 600

2 Transportation (with in 75

km distance) 600 700 660 750 700 800

3 Loading and unloading

cost 150 175 165 180 175 190

Sub Total 1100 1375 1225 1480 1325 1590 Average Sub total 1238 1353 1458

4 Chipping cost 225 250 250 275 290 310

5 Total 1325 1625 1475 1755 1615 1900 Average Cost 1475 1615 1757

The average cutting cost / uprooting, transportation and loading& unloading cost

of juliflora wood is almost 50 % of the landed cost biomass, and including

chipping cost of juliflora is 60 % of the landed cost of biomass. Thus, it is clear

from the data that the cutting cost / uprooting, transportation, Loading and

unloading cost and fuel chipping cost of biomass has got fluctuated in the

increasing trend.



Table 6.4 Districtwise Price Trend in Rs of the Last Three Years- Juliflora Wood

S.No Districts

Surplus

/Deficit

in Tons

/Year

Year 2012 Year 2013 Year 2014


1 Ajmer 41375 2300 2500 2600 2800 2800 3000

2 Jaipur 36799 2300 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200

3 Dausa 6090 2200 2500 2400 2800 2800 3000

4 Tonk 27307 2400 2600 2600 2800 2800 3000

5 Sikar 20683 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200

6 Jhunjhunu 14268 2300 2500 2700 2800 3000 3200

7 Nagaur 39508 2400 2500 2600 3000 2800 3200

8 Alwar 11427 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200

9 Bharatpur 4608 2500 2600 2600 2800 2800 3000

10 Dholpur 5934 2400 2800 2400 2800 2600 2800

11 S.Madhopur 9722 2400 2600 2600 2800 2800 3000

12 Karoli 8433 2400 2800 2400 2800 2600 2800

13 Bikaner 418823 2200 2400 2500 2800 2800 3200

14 Churu 23790 2300 2500 2400 2600 2800 3100

15 Jaisalmer 1800163 2400 2600 2600 2800 2800 3000

16 Ganganagar 46673 2300 2500 2500 2800 2800 3100

17 Hanumangarh 9431 2100 2300 2300 2500 2900 3000

18 Jodhpur 247377 2400 2600 2600 2800 2800 3200

19 Barmer 192566 2400 2600 2600 2800 2800 3000

20 Jalore 69496 2200 2600 2600 3000 3000 3400

21 Pali 39787 2300 2400 2600 2800 3100 3300

22 Sirohi 10828 2500 2700 2800 3000 3200 3400

23 Kota 19083 2400 2700 2600 2800 2800 3000

24 Baran 14939 2400 2500 2500 2800 2800 3100

25 Bundi 21851 2400 2600 2600 2800 2800 3000

26 Jhalwar 28652 2300 2500 2500 2700 2900 3200

27 Banswara 22321 2400 2600 2600 2800 2800 3200



28 Dungarpur 37806 2400 2700 2700 2900 2800 3000

29 Udaipur 53346 2500 2700 2800 3000 3000 3200

30 Pratapgarh 32379 2300 2500 2600 2700 2900 3100

31 Bhilwara 69667 2500 2700 2700 2900 2800 3000

32 Chittore 60604 2500 2700 2800 2900 3000 3200

33 Rajsamand 110457 2400 2600 2600 2800 2800 3100

Total 35,56,189 2352 2564 2582 2812 2861 3103

Average 2458 2697 2982


The average price variation in the year 2012 is Rs 2352 to Rs2564, price variation in

the year 2013 is Rs 2582 to Rs 2812 and price variation in the year 2014 is Rs 2861 to

Rs 3103 respectively. The prosopis juliflora average price in the year 2012 is Rs 2458

is increased 9.74 % to Rs 2697 in the year 2013 and from Rs 2697 is increased 10.56

% to Rs 2982 in the year 2014.

The prosopis juliflora was high in Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, Barmer, Jalore, Sirohi, Nagaur

and Bikaner districts and consumed by Brick kilns and thermal energy consuming

industries in this area. The following figure shows the district wise price variation in

Rajasthan.



The following figure shows the district wise price variation of prosopis juliflora wood in Rajasthan for the last three years.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Ajm

er

Jaip

ur

Daus

a

Tonk

Sika

r

Jhun

jhun

u

Nag

aur

Alw

ar

Bhar

atpu

r

Dhol

pur

S.M

adho

pur

Karo

li

Bika

ner

Chur

u

Jais

alm

er

Gang

anag

ar

Han

uman

garh

Jodh

pur

Barm

er

Jalo

re

Pali

Siro

hi

Kota

Bara

n

Bund

i

Jhal

war

Bans

war

a

Dung

arpu

r

Udai

pur

Prat

apga

rh

Bhilw

ara

Chitt

ore

Rajs

aman

d

2012

2013

2014



6.4 COTTON STALKS PRICE TREND The cotton stalks & husk stands last in the discussion of price analysis because the

cultivation of the cotton crops are not found plenty in the districts of Rajasthan state.

The three-year average cultivated area of cotton crop is 475,495 Ha and the three-

year average generation is 886,306 tonnes in Rajasthan. The major contribution of

cotton crop generation is from Nagaur, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Jodhpur,

Bhilwara and Chittore districts of Rajasthan State. Some biomass power plants,

brick kiln and thermal energy consuming industries in the above districts are using

the cotton stalks. The below table shows the price trend of cotton stalks for the

period of three years (2012, 2013 & 2014)

Table6.5 Districtwise Price Trend in Rs. For Last Three Years – Cotton Stalks

S.No Districts Surplus

Tons/year Year 2012 Year 2013

Year 2014

Min Max Min Max Min Max 1 Ajmer 6755 1500 1600 1500 1700 1800 2000 2 Jaipur - - - - - - - 3 Dausa - - - - - - - 4 Tonk 1200 1400 1500 1500 1700 1900 2000 5 Sikar - - - - - - - 6 Jhunjhunu - - - - - - - 7 Nagaur 23349 1400 1500 1700 1900 1800 2000 8 Alwar 3882 1400 1600 1500 1700 1800 2000 9 Bharatpur - - - - - - -

10 Dholpur - - - - - - - 11 S.Madhopur - - - - - - - 12 Karoli - - - - - - - 13 Bikaner 3489 1300 1500 1400 1600 1800 2000 14 Churu - - - - - - - 15 Jaisalmer - - - - - - - 16 Ganganagar 81121 1300 1500 1400 1600 1800 2000

17 Hanumangarh 89158 1300 1500 1500 1700 1400 1800

18 Jodhpur 33770 1400 1500 1600 1800 1400 1800 19 Barmer - - - - - - - 20 Jalore 305 1300 1500 1500 1700 1900 2000 21 Pali 10399 1400 1600 1600 1800 1800 2000 22 Sirohi 1232 1300 1500 1500 1700 1600 1700



23 Kota - - - - - - - 24 Baran - - - - - - - 25 Bundi - - - - - - - 26 Jhalwar - - - - - - - 27 Banswara 13603 1400 1500 1500 1700 1700 1900 28 Dungarpur 1518 1400 1500 1500 1700 1600 1700 29 Udaipur 2874 1500 1600 1500 1700 1600 1900 30 Pratapgarh 1059 1400 1500 1500 1700 1600 1700 31 Bhilwara 47503 1500 1600 1600 1800 1700 1800 32 Chittore 19012 1500 1600 1600 1800 1800 2200 33 Rajsamand 8919 1600 1700 1600 1800 1700 1900

Total 1406 1544 1528 1728 1706 1911 Average 1475 1628 1706


Based on the three-year price data, the average price variation of cotton stalks is

between Rs.1400 to Rs.1800. The percentage variation in the cost of cotton stalks is

10.36% for the period 2012-13 and 11.09% for the period 2013-14 is. Thus, it is clear

from the data that the cost of biomass has got fluctuated in the increasing trend.



The following figure shows the district wise price variation of Cotton Stalks in Rajasthan for the last three years.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Ajm

er

Jaip

ur

Daus

a To

nk

Sika

r Jh

unjh

unu

Nag

aur

Alw

ar

Bhar

atpu

r Dh

olpu

r S.

Mad

hopu

r Ka

roli

Bika

ner

Chur

u Ja

isal

mer

Ga

ngan

agar

H

anum

anga

rh

Jodh

pur

Barm

er

Jalo

re

Pali

Siro

hi

Kota

Ba

ran

Bund

i Jh

alw

ar

Bans

war

a Du

ngar

pur

Udai

pur

Prat

apga

rh

Bhilw

ara

Chitt

ore

Rajs

aman

d

2012

2013

2014



6.5 BIOMASS POWER PLANT FUEL MIX The biomass power plants located in the Rajasthan state are using the biomass

residues in the form of mixture. The biomass fuel mix includes mustard stalks &

husk, guar stalks, prosopis juliflora wood, cotton stalks and other agro residues. As

discussed in the previous section, it is clear that the mustard stalks & husk are

consumed in huge quantity. There are totally 10 biomass power plant in Rajasthan

and the fuel mix of the below listed power plants are discussed in this section.

1. Satyam Green Power Private Limited

2. Transtech Green Power Private Limited

3. S M Environmental Technologies Private Limited

4. Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd, Ganganagar

5. Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd, Tonk

6. Sanjog Sugars & Eco Power Private Limited

7. Orient Green Power Company (Rajasthan) Private Limited. Kishanganj

8. Suryaa Chamball Power Limited

9. Sambhav Energy Limited

10. Amrit Environmental Technologies

Out of the ten power plants, two power plants namely Sambhav Energy Limited and

Amrit Environmental Technologies are not in operation for the last two years because

of drastic increase in fuel price. The reason for the increase in the fuel price is due to

the increase in the number of biomass consuming industries nearby the power plant

location. Since the year 2012 both of these power plants are not able to compete the

market by procuring the biomass fuel at higher price and that resulted in the

permanent shutdown of these power plants. As the biomass price study requires a

minimum of three-year historical data, both these power plants are not considered for

the analysis due to the unavailability of fuel procurement data.

The summary of fuel consumption pattern in last three years for the biomass power

plants in operation in Rajasthan is given below.



The total quantity of individual biomass in the biomass fuel mix of the power plants for

the year 2012 is presented in the above table. Based on a close view on the values of

individual biomass fuel quantity consumed, it can be observed that the total quantity of

mustard stalks & husk is at the higher range and that resulted in higher percentage of

77.30%. The biomass fuel mix also includes 13.40% of Agro waste, 7.05% of Prosopis

Juliflora wood and 2.25%. of Cotton Stalks.

Table 6.7 Power Plant Fuel Mix in the year 2013 (Tons/Year)

Power Plant Fuel Mix

Mustard Stalks & Husk

Guar Stalks

Cotton Stalks

Juliflora Wood

Agro Waste Total

Satyam Green Power 60957 0 7052 0 5566 73575 Transtech Green Power 160 0 0 752 21739 22651 S M Environmental 59297 0 0 0 0 59297 Kalpataru-Ganganagar 37257 28385 0 0 0 65642 Kalpataru-Tonk 98082 0 0 0 0 98082 Sanjog Sugars 6622 0 769 0 978 8369

Table 6.6 Biomass Power Plant Fuel Mix in the year 2012 (Tons/Year)


Mustard Stalks &

Husk Guar Stalks

Cotton Stalks

Prosopis Juliflora

Wood Agro

Waste Total Satyam Green Power 27949 0 6799 0 18176 52924 Transtech Green Power 15098 0 0 26058 21684 62840 S M Environmental 59222 0 0 0 0 59222 Kalpataru-Ganganagar 62202 0 0 0 0 62202 Kalpataru-Tonk 40185 0 0 0 0 40185 Sanjog Sugars 37560 0 1526 0 6982 46068 Orient Green-Kishanganj 0 0 0 0 0 0 Suryaa Chamball Power 43526 0 0 0 2702 46228 Total 285742 0 8325 26058 49544 369669

% 77.30 0.00 2.25 7.05 13.40 100.00



Orient Green-Kishanganj 23,939 0 0 0 0 23,939 Suryaa Chamball Power 72042 0 0 0 1758 73800 Total 358356 28385 7821 752 30041 401416 % 84.25 6.67 1.84 0.18 7.06 100.00 For the year 2013, it can be noted that the contribution of guar stalks is increased to

6.67% while comparing with the last year. However, the contribution of juliflora

wood and agro waste in the fuel mix has got reduced drastically comparing with the

last year. The Juliflora wood has contributed 0.18% that is 6.87% lower than previous

year and the agro residue has contributed 7.06% that is 6.34% lower than the previous

year. Therefore, based on the observation it is quite clear that the Mustard Stalks &

Husk has scored the higher percentage of 84.25% among the fuel mix and that is

6.95% higher than previous year.

Table 6.8 Power Plant Fuel Mix in 2014 (Tons /Year)


Mustard Stalks &

Husk Guar Stalks

Cotton Stalks

Juliflora Wood

Agro Waste Total

Satyam Green Power 45741 0 4500 0 1112 51353 Transtech Green Power 8958 0 0 12029 16170 37157 S M Environmental 67920 0 0 0 0 67920 Kalpataru-Ganganagar 48941 40053 0 0 0 88994 Kalpataru-Tonk 90088 0 0 0 0 90088 Sanjog Sugars 2129 0 880 0 2853 5862 Orient Green-Kishanganj 42881 0 0 0 0 42881 Suryaa Chamball Power 65280 0 0 0 793 66073 Total 371938 40053 5380 12029 20928 450328 % 82.59 8.89 1.19 2.67 4.65 100.00

For the year 2014, it can be noted that the contribution of mustard stalks & husk is

reduced in a small margin. The contribution of Guar stalks is increased to 8.89%. The

Juliflora wood has contributed 2.67% and the agro residue has contributed 4.65%.



Based on the last three years data of Power Plant Fuel Mix, it can be concluded that

the Mustard Stalks & Husk acts as the most predominant and stable fuel for all the

power plants.

Table 6.10 Average Fuel Mix Biomass Price in the year 2013

Biomass % of use in Biomass

Power Plants

Average Biomass

Price in 2013

Average Biomass Price

in Rs based on % of

use

Mustard Stalks

84.25 % 2229 1878

Guar Stalks 6.67% 2006 141

Juliflora Wood

0.18% 2697 5

Cotton Stalks

1.84 % 1628 31

Total 92.94 % 2055

For 92.94 % 2055

For 100 % (= 2055 / 0.9252 ) = 2197 2211

Table 6.9 Average Fuel Mix Biomass Price in the year 2012


Power Plants

Average Biomass

Price in 2012

Average Biomass

Price based on % of

use

Mustard Stalks 77.30 % 2009 1552

Guar Stalks 0 1853 0

Juliflora Wood 7.05 % 2458 173

Cotton Stalks 2.25 % 1475 33

Total 86.6 % 1758

For 86.6 % 1758

For 100 % (= 1758 / 0.866 ) = 2030 2030



Table 6.11 Average Fuel Mix Biomass Price based on 2014


Power Plants

Average Biomass

Price in 2014

Average Biomass

Price in Rs based on

% of use

Mustard Stalks

82.59 2494 2059

Guar Stalks 8.89 2334 207 Juliflora Wood

2.67 2982 79

Cotton Stalks 1.19 1808 21

Total 95.34 2366

For 95.34 % 2366

For 100 % (= 2366 / 0.9534 ) = 2481 2481

Based on the Fuel Mix of biomass power plants the average cost of Biomass in the

year 2012 is 2030.

The average cost of Biomass in year 2013 is Rs 2211. In the year 2013 price was

increased 8.22 %.

Based on the Fuel Mix of biomass power plants the average cost of Biomass in 2014

is 2481.

The average cost of Biomass in 2013 was increased 12.92% in 2014.

Year Average Biomass Cost in

Rs based on Power Plant

Fuel Mix

% of increase in

price

2012 2030

2013 2211 8.92%

2014 2481 12.21 %

Average 10.57 %



The expected price increase in 2015 is 10.57%. The 10.57 % increase in Rs 2481 will

be 2015 price. Hence biomass cost in 2015 will be Rs.2743.



Chapter 7

BIOMASS STACKING & FEEDING COST.

7.0 INTRODUCTION:

Once biomass received in the power plant gate, the following activities required to further

feeding it in to Boiler.

Stacking & Covering Cost

Feeding Cost

7.1 STACKING& COVERING COST:

The major biomass available for biomass power plant in Rajasthan is mustard stalks &

husk, which is available between February to May. So the biomass power plants are purchase

and stoking biomass at storage yard with in the power plant or nearby by collection centers. The

primary purpose for the stacking will be to retain the biomass in good condition in a convenient

place for it to be transferred to the next stage of processing or feeding. Stacking, Covering,

Transportation and Feeding are some of the important operations to be carried out before the fuel

use. Depending on the size of operation and relative cost of labour and capital, varying degree of

automation could be adopted for each of the above operations.

LDPE Plastic Sheets are used to cover the biomass residues from rain and other climate

factors. This means protecting it from direct ingress of rain, but also from groundwater. From

stock yard to feeding site, biomass are transfer by small trucks. The following table 7.1 shows

the Stacking Cost, Covering Cost & Feeding Cost of various power plants.

Table 7.1 Stacking Cost, Covering Cost & Feeding Cost of various power plants.

S.No Biomass Power Plant Stacking & Covering Cost Rs/Ton

Feeding Cost Rs/Ton

1 Surya Chamball 65 96

2 S M Environmental 60 140

3 Orient Green-Kishanganj 80 120

Average Cost 68 119

Total Average Cost 187



The average Stacking & Covering and Feeding Cost of Biomass is around Rs 187 per tons.

7.2 BIOMASS STORAGE LOSSESS

Three types of losses considered during the storage of biomass in the biomass yard.

1 Land Settlement :

Biomass at bottom of heap gets mixed with sand and cannot be used in boiler.

However, with leveling of ground and proper drainage system, land settlement loss

can be reduced to about 0.4 %

2 Loss of Fuel during Sand Storm:

This loss can be completely eliminated by covering the biomass with tarpaulin.

3 GCV Loss due to decaying of biomass

Decaying loss can be reduced to about 1.5% by covering the biomass with tarpaulin

and proper drainage

Total Storage loss of biomass is around 2 %



Chapter 8

CALORIFIC VALUE OF MAJOR BIOMASS.

8.0 INTRODUCTION:

The major biomass consumed in the biomass power plants in the study area are mustard

stalks & husk, gaur stalks, prosopis Juliflora Wood, Cotton Stalks. Based on the data collection

from all the biomass power plants in this area the calorific value was given below.

8.1 CALORIFIC VALUE OF MUSTARD STALKS AND HUSK:

Mustard Stalks and Husk is the main biomass in this study area. The calorific value of Mustard

Stalks and Husk was given below.

Table 8.1 Orient Green Power Company (Rajasthan) Private Limited.

(Kishanganj)

Mustard Stalks and Husk

S.No Month Moisture % GCV in ARB kCal/kg

1 January-2014 12.80 3,236

2 February--2014 11.30 3,230

3 March--2014 11.49 3,195

4 April--2014 9.01 3,399

5 May--2014 6.37 3,389

6 June--2014 9.09 3,392

7 July--2014 10.39 3,376

8 August--2014 12.08 3,382

9 September--2014 10.30 3,374

10 October--2014 11.15 3,370

11 November--2014 11.09 3,387

12 December--2014 15.29 3,258

Average 10.86 3332



Table 8.2 S M Environmental Technologies Private Limited


S.No Month Moisture % GCV in ARB kCal/kg

1 January-2014 30.54 2,304

2 February--2014 25.76 2,792

3 March--2014 5.63 3,197

4 April--2014 6.58 3,357

5 May--2014 6.57 3,395

6 June--2014 5.88 3,386

7 July--2014 15.20 3,283

8 August--2014 21.94 3,255

9 September--2014 15.47 3,331

10 October--2014 11.59 3,390

11 November--2014 12.45 3,397

12 December--2014 20.86 3,326

Average 14.87 3201

Table 8.3 Suryaa Chamball Power Limited


S.No Month GCV in ARB kCal/kg

1 April--2014 3153

2 May--2014 3459

3 June--2014 3491

4 July--2014 3244

5 August--2014 2884



Average Calorific value of Mustard Stalks and Husk from all the above power plant is 3300 k Cal/kg

and the ash content is around 4.21 % as per the data provided Suryaa Chamball Power Limited

6 September--2014 2745

7 October--2014 3118

8 November--2014 3035

9 December--2014 3083

10 January-2015 3080

11 February--2015 2914

12 March--2015 3040

Average 3104

Ash Content 4.21 %

Table 8.4 Satyam Green Power Private Limited

Biomass GCV in ARB kCal/kg

Mustard Stalks and Husk 3250

Table 8.5 Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd, Ganganagar

Biomass GCV in ARB kCal/kg

Mustard Stalks and Husk 3614



8.2 CALORIFIC VALUE OF OTHER BIOMASS:

Guar Stalks, Cotton Stalks and Prosopis Juliflora Wood also used in Biomass power plants. The

calorific value of Guar Stalks, Cotton Stalks and Prosopis Juliflora Wood is given in below.

Table 8.6 Other major Biomass Calorific Value, ash content AND Moisture Content

Sl.No Biomass Calorific

Value

GCV in

ARB

kCal/kg

Moisture

Content

Ash Content Provided by

1 Guar Stalks 3750 12.55 % 7.22 %

Kalpataru Power

Transmission Ltd,

Ganganagar

2 Cotton

Stalks

3250 14.2 % 12.13% Satyam Green Power

Private Limited

3 Prosopis Juliflora Wood

3167

23.38 %

1.43% Suryaa Chamball

Power Limited



Chapter 9

BIOMASS POWER PLANTS IN RAJASTHAN

9.0 INTRODUCTION

The Rajasthan state consists of 33 districts and the average cultivated area of Rajasthan state for

the past three years is coming around 225,44,455 Ha. The residues of Mustard, Guar, Cotton and

Prosopis Juliflora are considered by the biomass power plants as the main fuel for power

generation. The biomass power plants are managing their fuel requirement by mixing the

available crop residues like mustard stalks & husk, guar stalks, cotton stalks, other agro residues

and waste land biomass like Prosopis Juliflora wood. The generation of the mustard stalks &

husk, guar stalks, cotton stalks are quite stable and predictable. There are totally 10 biomass

power plant in Rajasthan and the fuel procurement and consumption of the below listed power

plants are discussed in this section,

1. Satyam Green Power Private Limited

2. Transtech Green Power Private Limited

3. S M Environmental Technologies Private Limited

4. Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd-Ganganagar

5. Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd-Tonk

6. Sanjog Sugars & Eco Power Private Limited

7. Orient Green Power Company (Rajasthan) Private Limited. Kishanganj

8. Suryaa Chamball Power Limited

9. Sambhav Energy Limited

10. Amrit Environmental Technologies.

Out of the ten power plants, two power plants namely Sambhav Energy Limited and Amrit

Environmental Technologies are not in operation for the last two years because of drastic

increase in fuel price. The reason for the increase in the fuel price is due to the increase in the

number of consuming industries nearby the power plant location. Since 2012 both these power

plants are not able to compete the market by procuring the biomass fuel at higher price and that

resulted in the permanent shutdown of these power plants. As the biomass price study requires



a minimum of last three-year historical data, both these power plants are not considered for this

study due to the unavailability of fuel procurement data.

9.1 SATYAM GREEN POWER PRIVATE LIMITED, NAGAUR DISTRICT.

9.1.1 TECHNICAL DETAILS OF POWER PLANT:

Satyam Green Power Private Limited has implemented a biomass power plant in Merta

Road, Nagaur district, Rajasthan. The installed capacity of this biomass power plant is 10

MW. The project was commissioned in March 2011 and the technical specifications of

the key equipment’s in the power plant are as follows:

Table 9.1

Parameters Details

Capacity of the plant 10 MW

Boiler Capacity 50 TPH

Type of Boiler Water Tube, Traveling Grate

Stocker

Make of Boiler Walchand Nagar

Main Stream Pressure 65 kg/cm2

Main Steam Temperature 475 ±5ºc

Make of The Turbine SIEMENS LTD

Inlet Steam Flow 45TPH

Type of Cooling Tower Air Cooled

9.1.2 BIOMASS PROCURED AND COST OF PURCHASE: The below table shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year

2012.



Table 9.2 Year of procurement: 2012

Months of

procurement

Procured Quantity in

MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in

Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 8 11687 1450

Feb 195 311458 1597

Mar 32 51235 1600

Apr 1483 2118340 1428

May 11267 15878948 1409

Jun 3023 4345328 1438

Jul 1330 1978760 1488

Aug 288 345480 1200

Sep 3077 4923488 1600

Oct 5432 8691680 1600

Nov 7361 16503030 2242

Dec 19430 41525904 2137

Total 52927 96685338

Average Cost of Purchase (at factory gate) in Rs/MT 1,827



The below chart shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year 2012

The below table shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year 2013


Months of procurement

Procured Quantity in MT

Total Cost of Purchase (at factory gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost (at factory gate) in Rs/MT

Jan 6901 18222971 2641

Feb 6011 12989295 2161

Mar 13037 27414344 2103

Apr 25333 52696883 2080

May 17700 35704191 2017

Jun 248 446346 1800

Jul 0 0 0

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 22 39060 1800

Nov 1299 2386922 1838

Dec 3026 7575095 2503

Total 73577 157475106

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Average Cost of Purchase (at factory gate) in Rs /MT 2140

The below chart shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year 2013.

The below Table shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year 2014


Months of

procurement


MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in

Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs /MT

Jan 128 276706 2164

Feb 262 589055 2252

Mar 8 18653 2250

Apr 16047 40117175 2500

May 20297 50742825 2500

Jun 6944 17359225 2500

Jul 1430 3217433 2250

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 80 184138 2300

Oct 0 0 0

Nov 3096 5263744 1700

Dec 3064 6807165 2222

Total 51356 124576118

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT





Table 9.5

Year Total quantity

Procured (MT)

Total Amount

(Rs)

Average

Landed cost

at factory

Gate (Rs/MT)

% increase in

price with respect

to previous year in

%

2012 52927 96685338 1827

2013 73577 157475106 2140 17.16

2014 51356 124576118 2426 13.34

The landed cost of biomass in 2012 is around Rs 1827. The landed cost of biomass in 2013 is

around Rs 2140.The % of increase in biomass cost over 2012 to 2013 is 17.16%.



The following graph shows the last three years Biomass Quantity Procured.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



The following graph shows the last three years biomass price trend.

9.2 TRANSTECH GREEN POWER PRIVATE LIMITED


Transtech Green Power Private Limited has implemented a biomass power plant in

Ganganagar district with an installed capacity of 12 MW. The project was commissioned

in 28/07/2010 and the technical specifications of the key equipment’s in the power plant

are as follows

Table 9.5

Parameters Details

Capacity of the plant 12.0 MW

52927

73577

51356

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

2012 2013 2014

MT

MT

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2012 2013 2014

Rs/MT

Rs/MT




Make of Boiler Thermodyne

Boiler Steam Pressure (kg/cm2) 66

Main Steam Temperature ºc 485

Make of The Turbine Triveni Engineering


9.2.2 BIOMASS PROCURED AND COST OF PURCHASE: The below table shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year 2012.


Months of

procurement


MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in

Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 9019 20816858 2308

Feb 7602 17821518 2344

Mar 4962 11572308 2332

Apr 9287 22007646 2370

May 6982 16443830 2355

Jun 3273 7408823 2264

Jul 5835 13479682 2310

Aug 6210 15405235 2481

Sep 1978 4656648 2354

Oct 3237 7620027 2354

Nov 2725 6581515 2415

Dec 1730 3991090 2307

Total 62840 147805180

Average Cost of Purchase (at factory gate) in Rs/MT 2352




The below Table shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year 2013.


Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of Purchase

(at factory gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost (at

factory gate) in

Rs/MT

Jan 754 1844092 2446

Feb 232 601750 2594

Mar 2230 5793868 2598

Apr 4379 11385400 2600

May 4842 12589200 2600

Jun 2054 5340400 2600

Jul 0 0 0

Aug 1689 4391400 2600

Sep 1778 4622800 2600

Oct 1807 4698200 2600

Nov 1707 4438200 2600

Dec 1185 3081000 2600

Total 22657 58786310


2150

2200

2250

2300

2350

2400

2450

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT






Months of

procurement


MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in

Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs /MT

Jan 0 0 0

Feb 0 0 0

Mar 0 0 0

Apr 1469 3731100 2540

May 5909 15115476 2558

Jun 4947 12834618 2594

Jul 4048 11169546 2759

Aug 4293 12376978 2993

Sep 4536 13373388 2948

Oct 3289 9362638 2847

Nov 3360 9947721 2961

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Dec 5306 15216557 2868

Total 37157 103128022



Table 9.9

Year Total quantity

Procured (MT)

Total Amount

(Rs)

Average

Landed cost

at factory

Gate (Rs/MT)

% increase in

price with respect

to previous year in

%

2012 62840 147805180 2352

2013 22657 58786310 2595 10.31

2014 37157 103128022 2775 6.97

The landed cost of biomass in 2012 is around Rs 2352. The landed cost of biomass in 2013

is around Rs 2595.The % of increase in biomass cost over 2012 to 2013 is 10.31%. The

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



landed cost of biomass in 2013 is around Rs 2595. The landed cost of biomass in 2014 is



The following graph shows the last three years Biomass Price Trend.

62840

22657

37157

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

2012 2013 2014

MT

MT

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

2600

2700

2800

2900

2012 2013 2014

Rs/MT

Rs/MT



9.3 S M ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED


S M Environmental Technologies Private Limited has implemented a biomass power

plant in Baran district with an installed capacity of 8.0 MW. The project was

commissioned in 19/02/2010 and the technical specifications of the key equipment’s

in the power plant are as follows

Table 9.10

Parameters Details



Type of Boiler Bidrum, Water tube, Travelling

Grate Boiler

Make of Boiler M/s Cheema Boilers limited,

Mohali, India


Boiler Steam Temperature ºc 420

Make of The Turbine M/s Hangzhou Steam Turbine Co.

Ltd,China

Type of Cooling Tower Water Cooled



Months of

procurement


MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)



factory gate) in

Rs

in Rs/MT

Jan 6166 11407581 1850

Feb 6487 12001505 1850

Mar 11743 20550513 1750

Apr 17879 31287865 1750

May 5050 8837010 1750

Jun 266 491767 1850

Jul 380 857408 2258

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 945 2220022 2350

Oct 4780 10993784 2300

Nov 3186 7583808 2380

Dec 2340 5160406 2205

Total 59222 111391667







Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 117 183424 1569

Feb 264 444192 1680

Mar 19318 43464400 2250

Apr 26019 58542165 2250

May 7962 17913848 2250

Jun 1759 3957345 2250

Jul 0 0 0

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 1121 2521778 2250

Nov 1225 2756115 2250

Dec 1513 3404543 2250

Total 59297 133187808


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT






Months of procurement

Procured Quantity in MT

Total Cost of Purchase (at factory gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost (at factory gate) in Rs /MT

Jan 4500 10125000 2250

Feb 4634 10425600 2250

Mar 19020 46169982 2428

Apr 31554 76598444 2428

May 6286 15258498 2428

Jun 150 362936 2428

Jul 0 0 0

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 0 0 0

Nov 410 996270 2428

Dec 1367 3318210 2428

Total 67920 163254940


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT




Table 9.14

Year Total quantity

Procured (MT)

Total Amount

(Rs)

Average

Landed cost

at factory

Gate (Rs/MT)

% increase in

price with respect

to previous year in

%

2012 59297 133187808 1881

2013 59222 111391667 2246 19.42%

2014 67920 163254940 2404 7.01%


around Rs 2246.The % of increase in biomass cost over 2012 to 2013 is 19.42%.The landed cost

of biomass in 2013 is around Rs 2246. The landed cost of biomass in 2014 is around Rs

2404.The % of increase in biomass cost over 2013 to 2014 is 7.01%.


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT




9.4 KALPATARU POWER TRANSMISSION LTD. (GANGANAGAR)

9.4.1 TECHNICAL DETAILS OF POWER PLANT: Kalpataru Power Transmission Ltd has implemented a biomass power plant in

Ganganagar district with an installed capacity of 7.8 MW. The project has got

commissioned in 15/07/2003 and the technical specifications of the key equipment’s in

the power plant are as follows

Table 9.15

59297 59222

67920

54000

56000

58000

60000

62000

64000

66000

68000

70000

2012 2013 2014

MT

MT

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2012 2013 2014

Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Parameters Value



Boiler Steam Presure 66 kg/cm2

Boiler Steam Temperature 490o

Boiler Make Thermax

TG Set Make Shin Nippon


9.4.2 BIOMASS PROCURED AND COST OF PURCHASE:

The below table shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year

2012.


Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at factory

gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 0 0 0

Feb 0 0 0

Mar 0 0 0

Apr 27066 60194784 2224

May 34545 68917275 1995

Jun 591 1126446 1906

Jul 0 0 0

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 0 0 0

Nov 0 0 0

Dec 0 0 0

Total 62,202 130,238,505





The below table shows the average landed cost of biomass at factory gate for the year 2013.


Months of

procurement


MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in

Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 0 0 0

Feb 0 0 0

Mar 0 0 0

Apr 15136 33692736 2226

May 15464 39495056 2554

Jun 1977 4651881 2353

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Jul 1910 5579110 2921

Aug 630 1609650 2555

Sep 2140 6783800 3170

Oct 10751 23867220 2220

Nov 13984 33253952 2378

Dec 3650 9106750 2495

Total 65,642 15,80,40,155



0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT




2014.


Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of


gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 157 398309 2537

Feb 111 283938 2558

Mar 12 30108 2509

Apr 38700 109791900 2837

May 8536 22628936 2651

Jun 591 1531872 2592

Jul 808 2402184 2973

Aug 174 521304 2996

Sep 132 376860 2855

Oct 31418 72732670 2315

Nov 8322 18050418 2169

Dec 33 82269 2493

Total 88994 228830768





Table 9.18

Year Total quantity Procured (MT)

Total Amount (Rs)

Average Landed cost at factory Gate (Rs/MT)

% increase in price with respect to previous year in %

2012 62202 130238505 2094

2013 65642 158040155 2408 14.99

2014 88994 228830768 2571 6.80


is around Rs 2408. The % of increase in biomass cost over 2012 to 2013 is 14.99%. The

landed cost of biomass in 2014 is around Rs 2571.The % of increase in biomass cost over

2013 to 2014 is 6.80%.


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT




62202 65642

88994

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

2012 2013 2014

MT

MT

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2012 2013 2014

Rs/MT

Rs/MT



9.5 KALPATARU POWER TRANSMISSION LTD. (TONK): 9.5.1 TECHNICAL DETAILS OF POWER PLANT This biomass power plant is located in Tonk District with an installed capacity of 8 MW.

The project has got commissioned in 10/11/2006 and the technical specifications of the

key equipment’s in the power plant are as follows

Table 9.19

Parameters Value



Boiler Steam Pressure 42 kg/cm2

Boiler Make Sitson

Boiler Steam Temperature 4100

TG Set Make Hangzhou




2012.


Months of

procurement


MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in

Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 0 0 0

Feb 0 0 0

Mar 0 0 0

Apr 31580 72097140 2283



May 6771 14070138 2078

Jun 190 406600 2140

Jul 0 0 0

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 175 330225 1887

Nov 568 857112 1509

Dec 901 1394748 1548

Total 40185 89155963





Months of

Procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 101 160287 1587

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Feb 0 0 0

Mar 28413 68077548 2396

Apr 55933 109013417 1949

May 8635 16691455 1933

Jun 4566 8958492 1962

Jul 180 273420 1519

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 143 217217 1519

Nov 111 168609 1519

Dec 0 0 0

Total 98082 203560445



0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT





Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of


gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs /MT

Jan 0 0 0

Feb 0 0 0

Mar 13250 29216250 2205

Apr 52577 106626156 2028

May 8841 18141732 2052

Jun 2041 4292223 2103

Jul 0 0 0

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 3135 6307620 2012

Nov 5377 10490527 1951

Dec 4867 9305704 1912

Total 90088 184380212





Table 9.23

Year Total quantity Procured (MT)

Total Amount (Rs)



2012 40185 89155963 2219

2013 98082 203560445 2075 -6.46

2014 90088 184380212 2047 -1.38

The landed cost of biomass in 2012 is around Rs 2219. The landed cost of biomass in

2013 is around Rs 2075. The variation of biomass cost over 2012 to 2013 is -6.46%.

The landed cost of biomass in 2014 is around Rs 2047. The variation of biomass cost

over 2013 to 2014 is -1.38%, because the last three years the mustard crop cultivation

area increased and the consumption of biomass not increased.


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT




40185

9808290088

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

2012 2013 2014

MT

MT

1950

2000

2050

2100

2150

2200

2250

2012 2013 2014

Rs/MT

Rs/MT



9.6 SANJOG SUGARS & ECO POWER PRIVATE LIMITED:

9.6.1 TECHNICAL DETAILS OF POWER PLANT This biomass power plant of Sanjog Sugars & Eco Power Private Limited is located in

Hanumangargh District with an installed capacity of 10 MW. The project has got

commissioned in 07/10/2011 and the technical specifications of the key equipment’s in

the power plant are as follows.

Table 9.24

Parameters Value



Boiler Make ISGEC JOHN THOMPSON



TG Set Make Triveni Engineering




2012.


Months of

procurement

Procured Quantity

in MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost (at

factory gate) in

Rs/MT

Jan 0 0 0

Feb 0 0 0

Mar 0 0 0

Apr 6148 13952534 2269

May 12816 26802580 2091



Jun 4442 8308308 1870

Jul 3783 6587747 1741

Aug 5383 9431758 1752

Sep 2406 4308815 1791

Oct 5616 9161058 1631

Nov 6260 9399876 1502

Dec 12944 17517457 1353

Total 59798 105470133





Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 2951 7654631 2594

Feb 775 2100590 2710

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Mar 1590 2877142 1810

Apr 147 289369 1968

May 2749 6458173 2349

Jun 157 293470 1869

Jul 9 22173 2464

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 0 0 0

Nov 0 0 0

Dec 0 0 0

Total 8378 19695548




0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT




Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of


gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs /MT

Jan 0 0 0

Feb 0 0 0

Mar 0 0 0

Apr 0 0 0

May 205 695309 3392

Jun 71 242875 3421

Jul 0 0 0

Aug 1312 3702335 2822

Sep 885 2587133 2923

Oct 1940 3615912 1864

Nov 1449 2846354 1964

Dec 0 0 0

Total 5862 13689918



0

1000

2000

3000

4000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Table 9.28

Year

Total quantity Procured (MT)

Total Amount (Rs)



2012 59798 105470133 1764

2013 8378 19695548 2351 33.29

2014 5862 13689918 2335 -0.66


is around Rs 2351. The % of increase in biomass cost over 2012 to 2013 is 33.29%.

The landed cost of biomass in 2014 is around Rs 2335. The variation in % of biomass cost

over 2013 to 2014 is -0.66%.


59798

83785862

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

2012 2013 2014

MT

MT




9.7 ORIENT GREEN POWER COMPANY (RAJASTHAN) PRIVATE LIMITED.

9.7.1 TECHNICAL DETAILS OF POWER PLANT

OGPL (Rajasthan) Pvt. Limited has implemented a biomass power plant in Baran

District with an installed capacity of 8 MW. The project has got commissioned in

October 2013 and the technical specifications of the key equipment’s in the power plant

are as follows

Table 9.29

Parameters Details



0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2012 2013 2014

Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Boiler Make Thermax Limited



TG Set Make Triveni Engineering


9.7.2 BIOMASS PROCURED AND COST OF PURCHASE


2013.


Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of


gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs /MT

Jan 0 0

0

Feb 0 0

0

Mar 0 0

0

Apr 19244 45801524

2380

May 4134 9838082

2380

Jun 455 1084071

2380

Jul 0 0

0

Aug 0 0

0

Sep 105 249900

2380

Oct 0 0

0

Nov 0 0

0

Dec 0 0

0

Total 23938 56973578

2380






2014.


Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of


gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs /MT

Jan 0 0 0

Feb 0 0 0

Mar 8256 22002069 2665

Apr 14736 39270401 2665

May 2423 6456461 2665

Jun 1343 3579942 2665

Jul 2614 6965511 2665

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 4344 11575979 2665

Nov 4464 11895526 2665

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Dec 4703 12532485 2665

Total 42,881 114,278,374



Table 9.32

Year Total quantity

Procured (MT)

Total Amount

(Rs)

Average

Landed cost

at factory

Gate (Rs/MT)

% increase in

price with respect

to previous year in

%

2013 23938 56973578 2380

2014 42,881 114,278,374 2665 11.97

The landed cost of biomass in 2013 is around Rs 2380. The landed cost of biomass in 2014is


The following graph shows the last two years Biomass Quantity Procured.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



The following graph shows the last two years Biomass Price Trend.

9.8 SURYA CHAMBALL POWER LIMITED


Suryaa Chamball Power Limited has implemented a biomass power plant in Kota district

with an installed capacity of 7.5 MW. The project was commissioned in 31/03/2006 and

the technical specifications of the key equipment’s in the power plant are as follows

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

2013 2014

MT

MT

2200

2250

2300

2350

2400

2450

2500

2550

2600

2650

2700

2013 2014

Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Table 9.31

Parameters Details



Make of Boiler Sitson


Main Steam Temperature ºc 450

Make of The Turbine Triveni Engineering




Months of

procurement


MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in

Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs/MT

Jan 63 87171 1384

Feb 1278 2444346 1913

Mar 31784 65564373 2063

Apr 6178 10860924 1758

May 899 1468966 1634

Jun 130 206310 1587

Jul 3289 5509075 1675

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 14 22400 1600

Oct 2107 2949800 1400

Nov 435 639450 1470



Dec 51 77928 1528

Total 46228 89830743





Months of

procurement

Procured

Quantity in MT

Total Cost of Purchase

(at factory gate) in Rs

Purchase Cost (at

factory gate) in

Rs/MT

Jan 2 3200 1600

Feb 4285 10725445 2503

Mar 34393 64449432 1874

Apr 14670 22239288 1516

May 9730 14595000 1500

Jun 1114 1671000 1500

Jul 3493 5239500 1500

Aug 293 443895 1515

Sep 0 0 0

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Oct 1998 3637288 1820

Nov 1653 3304917 1999

Dec 2169 5224998 2409

Total 73800 131533963





Months of

procurement


MT

Total Cost of

Purchase (at

factory gate) in

Rs

Purchase Cost

(at factory gate)

in Rs /MT

Jan 1509 3555243 2356

Feb 4649 9914984 2133

Mar 14285 38469505 2693

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Apr 33673 76404037 2269

May 3861 7528950 1950

Jun 2351 4523324 1924

Jul 196 382200 1950

Aug 0 0 0

Sep 0 0 0

Oct 1265 2231475 1764

Nov 292 510600 1749

Dec 3992 9523740 2386

Total 66073 153044058



0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Rs/MT

Rs/MT



Table 9.35

Year Total quantity

Procured (MT)

Total Amount

(Rs)

Average

Landed cost

at factory

Gate (Rs/MT)

% increase in

price with respect

to previous year in

%

2012 46228 89830743 1943

2013 73800 131533963 1782 -8.28

2014 66073 153044058 2316 29.96


is around Rs 1782.The % of decrease in biomass cost over 2012 to 2013 is 8.28%. The

landed cost of biomass in 2013 is around Rs 1782. The landed cost of biomass in 2014 is




46228

7380066073

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

2012 2013 2014

MT

MT



Out of the ten power plants, two power plants namely Sambhav Energy Limited and Amrit

Environmental Technologies are not in operation for the last two years because of increase in

fuel price.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2012 2013 2014

Rs/MT

Rs/MT

Biomass Fuel Supply

111 Abi Energy Consultancy Services Private Limited Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited

Chapter 10

CONCLUSIONS

1. The net quantity of surplus biomass available for power generation to renewable power

projects in different districts is given below(Refer Annexure-1):

Net Quantity Available For Power Generation to Renewable Power Projects S.No Districts Major Biomass Surplus /Deficit Net

Quantity of Biomass in Tons/year

1 Ajmer Mustard Stalks & Husk 621412 Jaipur Ground Nut Stalks

Mustard Stalks & Husk 325003 Dausa Ground Nut Stalks

Mustard Stalks & Husk 669254 Tonk Ground Nut Stalks

Mustard Stalks & Husk 1649415 Sikar Ground Nut Stalks

Guar Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 99451

6 Jhunjhunu Guar Stalks Gram Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 100875

7 Nagaur Cotton Stalks Gram Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 56859

8 Alwar Guar Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk -305757

9 Bharatpur Mustard Stalks & Husk 30337910 Dholpur Mustard Stalks & Husk 12340111 S.Madhopur Mustard Stalks & Husk 35980312 Karoli Mustard Stalks & Husk 20693013 Bikaner Guar Stalks

Ground Nut Stalks Gram Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 358710

14 Churu Guar Stalks Ground Nut Stalks Gram Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 229912

15 Jaisalmer Guar Stalks Ground Nut Stalks 242847

Biomass Fuel Supply


Gram Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk

16 Ganganagar Cotton Stalks Gram Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk -241625

17 Hanumangarh Cotton Stalks Gram Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 135511

18 Jodhpur Guar Stalks ,Ground Nut Stalks Cotton Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 428285

19 Barmer Guar Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 265850

20 Jalore Castor Steam Mustard Stalks & Husk 305130

21 Pali Guar Stalks Cotton Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 158129

22 Sirohi Castor Steam Mustard Stalks & Husk 209754

23 Kota Soyabean Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk -54931

24 Baran Soyabean Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 8524

25 Bundi Soyabean Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 121038

26 Jhalwar Soyabean Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 274637

27 Banswara Soyabean Stalks, Cotton Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 28273

28 Dungarpur Gram Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 12693

29 Udaipur Guar Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 39416

30 Pratapgarh Soyabean Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 101856

31 Bhilwara Guar Stalks Cotton Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 135544

32 Chittore Soyabean Stalks Cotton Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 140809

33 Rajsamand Cotton Stalks Mustard Stalks & Husk 17319

Biomass Fuel Supply


ustard is an important crop in this study area, particularly in the Tonk, Jaipur, Alwar,

Bharatpur, S.Madhopur and Ganganagar Districts. The Rajasthan State has an overall

cultivated area of 25, 52,034 Ha under Mustard cultivation.

1. It was found that, on an average about 92.50 % of the biomass generated from

agricultural activity goes for consumption in local for fodder, manure, fuel for thermal

energy consuming industries, biomass power plants, brick kiln, etc, and about only

7.50% is available for other activities or exported to nearby states. The major portion of

wheat stalks, barley stalks, paddy hay, jowar stalks , bajra stalks, maize stalks are

consumed by animal as fodder and these biomass should not used as a fuel per the

Policy 2010, so we considered 100% for consumption . The above was prepared based

on fairly established data and hence can be counted as near realistic. Surplus Biomass

available from agricultural activity is around 41, 89,129 tons / year.

2. Out of the total geographical area of 3, 42, 23,900 hectares in study area, 93,68, 947

hectares were identified as wasteland out which Prosopis Juliflora is grown in 58, 59,

381 hectares of cultivable waste land and fallow land in Rajasthan.

3. The major biomass consumed by the power plants are Mustard Stalks & Husk, Gaur

Stalks, Prosopis Juliflora Wood and Cotton Stalks.

4. Based on the fuel mix of running biomass power plants

a. The average cost of biomass in the year 2012 is Rs 2030.

b. The average cost of biomass in the year 2013 is Rs 2211.

c. The average cost of biomass in the year 2014 is Rs 2481.

Biomass Fuel Supply


5. The average price increase from the year 2012 to year 2014 is 10.57% per year. The

10.57 % increase in Rs 2481 will be the year 2015 price. Hence the land cost of biomass

at power plant gate in the year 2015 will be Rs.2743.

6. The average Stacking & Covering and Feeding Cost of Biomass is around Rs 187 per

tons in the year 2014.

7. Total Storage loss of biomass is around 2 %.

8. Mustard Stalks and Husk is the main biomass in this study area. Guar Stalks, Cotton

Stalks and Prosopis Juliflora Wood also used in Biomass power plants. The calorific

value of Mustard Stalks & Husk, Guar Stalks, Cotton Stalks and Prosopis Juliflora Wood

is given in below.

Year Average Biomass Cost in

Rs. based on Power Plant

Fuel Mix

% of increase in

price compared with

previous year

2012 2030

2013 2197 8.92 %

2014 2481 12.21 %

Average 10.57 %

S.No Biomass Moisture GCV in kCal/kg

1 Mustard Stalks and Husk

10.86 3,300

2 Guar Stalks

12.55 % 3,750

3 Cotton Stalks

14.20% 3,250

4 Prosopis Juliflora Wood

23.38% 3,167

Documents

BIOMASS FUEL SUPPLY STUDY (Rajasthan) … FUEL SUPPLY STUDY (Rajasthan) for Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited E-166, Yudhishtir Marg, C-Scheme Jaipur-302005, Rajasthan