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Biomedical Applications of Scanning Probe Microscopy. Dr James R Smith School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science University of Portsmouth. Content. What is Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) ? Principles of SPM How does it differ from SEM/TEM ? SPM Facilities at Portsmouth - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Biomedical Applications of Biomedical Applications of Scanning Probe MicroscopyScanning Probe Microscopy
Dr James R SmithDr James R SmithSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical ScienceSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science
University of PortsmouthUniversity of Portsmouth
ContentContent
What is Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) ?What is Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) ? Principles of SPMPrinciples of SPM How does it differ from SEM/TEM ?How does it differ from SEM/TEM ? SPM Facilities at PortsmouthSPM Facilities at Portsmouth Selected Case StudiesSelected Case Studies SummarySummary QuestionsQuestions
What is SPM ?What is SPM ?
SPM is a revolutionary technique which SPM is a revolutionary technique which allows:allows:– 3-D imaging3-D imaging– nanometre or micrometre scalenanometre or micrometre scale– imaging in a variety of environmentsimaging in a variety of environments– with minimal sample preparationwith minimal sample preparation
SPM TechniquesSPM Techniques
SPM is a generic name for a number of related SPM is a generic name for a number of related ‘probe’ techniques:‘probe’ techniques:– Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM)Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM)
– Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
– others, such as Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM), others, such as Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM), Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM), Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM), Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM)Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM)
Historical BackgroundHistorical Background
Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM) Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM) was first reported in 1982 by Binnig et al.was first reported in 1982 by Binnig et al.
Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) first Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) first appeared in 1986appeared in 1986
Commercial SPM instruments capable of Commercial SPM instruments capable of STM and AFM operation available in 1992STM and AFM operation available in 1992
Principles of AFMPrinciples of AFM
Advantages of SPM over TEM Advantages of SPM over TEM and SEMand SEM
Nanometre/atomic resolutionNanometre/atomic resolution Accurate height measurements to within 1 angstromAccurate height measurements to within 1 angstrom Three-dimensional representation of imagesThree-dimensional representation of images Does not require UHVDoes not require UHV Ability to perform studies in aqueous environmentsAbility to perform studies in aqueous environments Manipulation of surfaces on sub-nanometre scaleManipulation of surfaces on sub-nanometre scale
Other Information from SPMOther Information from SPM
Surface roughnessSurface roughness Surface areaSurface area Hardness/softnessHardness/softness ElasticityElasticity AdhesionAdhesion FrictionFriction
Nanoindentation of Bacterial CellsNanoindentation of Bacterial Cells
SPM Facilities at PortsmouthSPM Facilities at Portsmouth
TopoMetrix Discoverer TMX2000 Modular SPM
Biomedical Applications of Biomedical Applications of SPM at PortsmouthSPM at Portsmouth
Surface metrication of hip prosthesesSurface metrication of hip prostheses Contact lens manufacture and foulingContact lens manufacture and fouling Hair structure and diseaseHair structure and disease Biocide actionBiocide action Polymer binding to human cellsPolymer binding to human cells Surface roughness of skinSurface roughness of skin RNA/DNA secondary structureRNA/DNA secondary structure
– anti-cancer drug designanti-cancer drug design
Biodeterioration and ControlBiodeterioration and Control
Biofilm contamination on Biofilm contamination on an intraocular lensan intraocular lens
Action of a biocide on Action of a biocide on E. coliE. coli
Surface Metrication of Hip Surface Metrication of Hip ProsthesesProstheses
Soft Contact Lens ManufactureSoft Contact Lens Manufacture
Pigment distribution on aPigment distribution on atinted soft contact lens tinted soft contact lens (above)(above) and surface and surface roughness roughness (left)(left)
Polypropylene injection mouldPolypropylene injection mould
Human HairHuman Hair
A=‘A’-layer, B=exocuticle,A=‘A’-layer, B=exocuticle,C=endocuticle C=endocuticle (above)(above)
Surface roughness/line profileSurface roughness/line profile
Same hair sample imaged under waterSame hair sample imaged under watershowing swelling showing swelling (right)(right)
SummarySummary Nanometre/atomic resolutionNanometre/atomic resolution Accurate height measurements to within 1 angstromAccurate height measurements to within 1 angstrom Three-dimensional representation of imagesThree-dimensional representation of images Does not require UHVDoes not require UHV Ability to perform studies in aqueous environmentsAbility to perform studies in aqueous environments Minimal sample preparationMinimal sample preparation Minimal damage to sampleMinimal damage to sample Manipulation of surfaces on sub-nanometre scaleManipulation of surfaces on sub-nanometre scale
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Dr S A Campbell - PortsmouthDr S A Campbell - Portsmouth Prof F C Walsh - PortsmouthProf F C Walsh - Portsmouth Dr B F Shahgaldi - St Thomas’ Hospital, LondonDr B F Shahgaldi - St Thomas’ Hospital, London Dr J A Swift - Unilever/De Montfort UniversityDr J A Swift - Unilever/De Montfort University Dr A Gough - Alberto-Culver Company (UK) LtdDr A Gough - Alberto-Culver Company (UK) Ltd Dr D H Morton - Clinic For Special Children, Dr D H Morton - Clinic For Special Children,
Philadelphia Philadelphia Staff and students at PortsmouthStaff and students at Portsmouth