BIOROBOTICS : AN INSTRUMENT FOR AN

IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE

AN APPLICATION FOR THE ANALYSIS OF NEUROMOTOR DISEASES

PRESENTED BY:

KAVYASHRI G

CONTENTS

1) Introduction2) Biorobotics & research3) Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease4) DDX system5) Technical Architecture6) Improvement : Daphne system7) Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages8) Conclusion

BIOROBOTICS BRINGING BIOLOGY AND ROBOTICS TOGETHER…

Making robots that emulate and stimulate living biological organisms mechanically or even chemically.

Application of biological ideas to address technological problems.

Application of robotics to solve problems regarding biology and medicine.

NEUROMOTOR DISEASES MNDs are a group of progressive neurological disorders that

destroy motor neurons, the cells that control essential voluntary muscle activity such as speaking, walking, breathing, and swallowing.

Some MNDs are inherited, but the causes of most MNDs are not known.

There is no cure or standard treatment for the MNDs.

EX : Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA)

INTRODUCTION Disease Detector (DDX), portable equipment with detection

of response time and psychophysical conditions in normal and exceptional environments.

a simple joystick with a few buttons, an LCD display and a simple interface for remote communication of diagnosis.

CONTD … The external effects require

1) the response to sounds, 2) a soft touch of a button, 3) by pronouncing a word, 4) the touch of the finger in front of a virtual reality drawing of the finger itself.

Fuzzy Logic is exploited in order to obtain an intelligent and reliable detector.

three basic parameters (reaction, speed and force) are acquired.

BIOROBOTICS & RESEARCH

Eccles - recognition of the behavior of the brain control circuits.

Analogue concepts developed by Searle and Richards represent fundamental steps to recognize how much the robotic systems are helping in the simulation of brain activity.

some of the scientific developments linked to biology and Biorobotics: activation of neuron circuits, recovery of damaged neuromotor functions, etc.

CONTD …

PARKINSON’S DISEASE Parkinson's disease is a progressive, degenerative

neurological movement disorder that affects approximately 10 million people world wide.

Parkinson's disease occurs when the nerve cells in the brain that make dopamine are slowly destroyed.

Primary symptoms : Tremor, Rigidity, Postural Instability, Bradykinesia.

An estimated seven to 10 million people worldwide are living with Parkinson's disease.

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE Causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior.

Symptom : difficulty in remembering newly learned information.

Alzheimer’s disease is the 6th leading cause of death in the United States and the 5th leading cause of death for those aged 65 and older.

DDX SYSTEM It is used for a soft touch. The person looks at the screen

and reads words of warning and of start. In the same time, a sound, like a beep, gives the start signal.

The person must press softly the button with index fingre, with right or left hand.

The tremor before and during the pressure on the button is measured by a switch which detects oscillations of the hand.

SOFTWARE DIAGRAM

Button push1) Fast protocol 2) Virtual protocol

Vocal Articulation1) Fast reading 2) Delayed reading

Result analysis and presentation with fuzzy logic

contd …

TECHNICAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE WORKING SYSTEM DDX

Parameters are acquired from the button.

tremor sensor - measures vibrations of the wrist of the hand.

Processor -> Buzzer -> timer starts->sampling -> sends another impulse to the buzzer -> variable tj -> patient will press the push button -> variable ti, variable tf -> The speed of patient motion can be calculated from these times.

pressure is calculated using a simple circuit .

DESCRIPTION OF THE BIOROBOTIC SYSTEM

IMPROVEMENT : A NEW MODEL WITH CAD DESIGN & RAPID PROTOTYPING

Reduced dimension and an hardware & user-friendly software.

The system can be used not only in medical field, but also in the daily health and sport field.

Parameters cosidered : reaction time, speed, tremor, force and ability of coordination and synchronization.

Test protocol Results analysis : IPF

APPLICATIONS

Experimental tests done on subject affected from Parkinson’s.

Experimental tests done on subjects belonging to the sport field.

Tests in the professional field: Ferrari Race.

contd …

ADVANTAGES

This device is very small and portable device.

User-friendly machine.

It is like a mobile phone, with more efficient diagnostic results.

The ability to hold the joystick with a single hand is the fundamental aspect of this system.

A person’s state of health may be tested daily.

It also provides the ability of transferring diagnosis through a remote communication interface in order to monitor daily the state of health of a patient.

The system is an intelligent-machine based on soft computing techniques.

Its efficiency can be improved considering more example for membership function calibration or, moreover, improving the response correctness by using a self learning technique.

contd …

DISADVANTAGE

The DDX control system consists of a small board with an internal fuzzy logic. It is clear that the main disadvantage of such circuit switched networks is that they are not able to adequately cope with highly variable traffic.

CONCLUSION

The system is an intelligent biorobotic system based on soft computing techniques and, as such, its efficiency maybe improved via extended function calibration or by improving response correctness with self-learning techniques.

Daphne device allows to obtain a quantitative and exact measure of the neuromotor health condition of a person and of it reflects very well the psychological condition.

The application to the diagnosis of the Parkinson’s disease was the first result of this system.

REFERENCES

Rovetta , A. Cucè , D. Platania ,C. Solenghi,” New equipment for the detection of the neuromotor diseases and efficiencies in the motion control”.

Eduardo Tolosa, Gregor Wenning, Werner Poewe, “The diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease”,2006.

W. Richards, “Natural Computation”, Mit Press,1998 http://sitesearch.alz.org http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0049051/

http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/motor_neuron_diseases/

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/ www.alz.org/gmc

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