In the Name of Allah who is most Merciful and most Beneficent

Presenter:Syed Absar Kazmi G1220119MSc (Electronics)1st SemesterSupervisor : Dr. Khairul Azami.

Study of Photoplethysmogram (PPG) Based Biometric Identification Incorporating Age

and Physiological Variability

Introduction Problem statement/significanceResearch question/HypothesisResearch objective: Key & specificResearch MethodologyLiterature ReviewExpected outcomes Milestone References

OUTLINE

What is "Biometrics"

• Biometrics (“Bio-“ stands for life and“metric” is to measure)

• It actually measures and analyze the biological traits of a human being.

• Biometric is the automated process of identifying or verifying an individual based upon his or her behavioural or physical charteristics

HISTORY OF BIOMETRICS

• Biometrics was used during prehistoric times.• Chinese used fingerprinting in the 14th Century for

identification.• In the 17th century fingerprinting was used to seal official

documents.

Why Biometrics?

Identity theft is not possiblePassword remembrance problem does not existCannot be predicted or hackedCannot be sharedPercieved as more secure

Characteristics of Biometrics

• Automated method of recogninizing an individual is based on two main characteristics

• Physical characteristics are related to physical shape of the body for instance,fingerprint ,face recongnition,hand geometry,iris reconnition etc..

• Behavioural characteristics are related to the behaviour of a person for instance voice pitch,speaking style,typing rthym ,signature etc..

Types of Biometrics First Generation

Hemoglobin light absorption spectrum

Hemoglobin absorbs the Red and Infra-red light rays

Red light is reflected back Infra-red light penetrates through Feature basis the Pulse oximetry and

Photoplethysmography (PPG)

Fig Hemoglobin light absorption spectra

Photoplethysmogram (PPG)

PPG is based on the idea that the light absorption changes due to variation in the cardiac induced blood

PPG signal is composed of the following major components

a) The high frequency AC signal due to fluctuating arterial blood

b) The low frequency AC signal due to fluctuations in venous blood

c) The DC signal for capillaries, bones and skin-color

Fig Absorption of light due to mutiple components of PPG

Fig 1. Easy Pulse Sensor with

Arduino Board

Fig PPG signal for standing condition

How does a biometric system work?

• The system works in two steps. First, it must process the collection of your biometric trait, This is known as enrollment which is electronics representation known as templateThe second step is when the system checks your charteristics in the databases to verify or identify your identity.

• Verification• one to one verifiication • 1:1 ratio • system will macthes with single template in database and provide the result

• Identification• one to many• 1:N• system will macthes with several templates in database and provide the result

Biometric Identificaiton

Biometric identification system complements traditional security mechanisms such as pin numbers,passwords and ID cards.Its operation is based on pattern recognitionn method by acquiring physical traits from individual using sensors which is regarded as biometric samples (recognition data ) and matching these samples with template dataset (enrolment data).the identification process is shown in figure

Problem Statement

The main features going to consider as follows,

1. -This work is to increase the acceptability of PPG based biometric identification by

incorporating age and physiological varibility.

2.We will develop a robust and reliable PPG based biometric identification system

incorporating physical conditions to overcome fluctuations.

3.Currently, many researches are doing feature extraction techniques, However there are still

some open issues such as the fluctuations,destortion taking in consideration will propose

Simple extraction techniques to select unique and discreminant attributes.

Objective

• This study embarks on the following objectives

1.To determine the effect of applying biometric identification on PPG signals incorporated with different age group and physiological variability

2.To propose an innovative biometric sample extraction technique that is simple and accurate using PPG signals with different age group and physiological conditions.

3.To analyze the performance of the system design .

Research Methodology

» Analytical study» Development » Design» Implementation» Avaluation

– Comparison of our solution with a Benchmark– Preparation and Submission of final Dissertation repo

rt

Letrature review

Modelling of PPG based biometric mechanism

Identify and extract salient features in different conditions and age groups

Experimentations/Optimize parameters/Classifier

Analyze results and conclusion

Research Activities

Literature Review Reference

Work Findings Limitations

[4-8]PPG based person identification system is an active research, and related work has been done on subjects in resting condition only

different age group and physiological variability affect are not considered towards subject identification

[4] Total 17 subjects were considered and arfacts has been taken when subjects were in rest conditionon chair to ensure that their muscles were in relaxed condition .Verification was carried our based on Euclidean distance between sample and template vectors

when compared with other types of biometrics .such as fingerprint,iris or ECG these well known and commonly used modalities are superior in terms of calssifying individulas

[5] 17 healthy subjects were under investigation samples has been taken for 1 minute fuzzy logic was implemented for featue extraction for two different triats

The physiological conditions of hte volunteers during data acquisition were unclear

[7] The paper designed a hardware to collect PPG focused on signal amplification so the result enmhance the ability to generate a good dataset for biometric identification

The experiment and results were not focusing on classification performance such as accuracy rate

Expected Outcomes

New method of PPG based biometric identification will capable to identify individuals based on age groups and different physiological conditions.

Noval technique of PPG based identification incorporating physiological varibility.The capacity to solve this issue suggest a practical biometric system whcih is able to recognize in different enviroments.

publishing article(s) in revered international or local journals and thesis.

Specific or Potential biometric Implications

GoveronmentDigital Signature,Criminal identification ,e-passport,National ID,Driving liecense

Private Sector:Entry control security,Online transaction,Bank security

Education facilitiesSchool and academics

Financial institutionsATM ,Credit cards & online services

Web ImplicationsSecure transactionate,Corporate applicaitons

Army & Homeland securityVerifying army personals in battle fields

Public SectorRecognizing patient for remote monitoring facilites ,Insurance

Milestone S.no Research Activities Jan Feb March April May June July August September

1 Literature Review ,Research studies and required analysis

                 

2Modelling of PPG based biometric mechanism

                 

3.  Improvising on PPG based person identification techniques

                 

4Identify and extract the salient features based on different age groups and physiological.

                 

5 Results ,finding and publication from the research work

                 

6 Thesis Writing                  

Research Publications

1. Mansoor Hussain Shah, Syed Absar Kazmi, Khairul Azami Sidek and Sheroz Khan, Fatema-tuz-Zohra Iqbal "Photoplethysmographic Based Heart Rate Variability for Different Physiological Conditions" SCORed 2014

2.Mansoor Hussain Shah, Syed Absar Kazmi, Khairul Azami Sidek and Sheroz Khan, Fatema-tuz-Zohra Iqbal "Power Spectrum Density Based Analysis of Photolythsmographic signal for different physiological Conditions"

• ICSIMA 2014

3. Mansoor Hussain Shah ,Sheroz Khan , Khairul Azami Sidek , Syed Absar Kazmi "Measurement of Photoplythsmography signal for Heart Rate Variability and comparison of two different Age Groups " I2MTC

References

[9] http://www.umanick.com/en/biometric-system-work/

[4] A novel biometric approach in human verification by photoplethysmographic signals Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, 2003. 4th International IEEE EMBS Special Topic Conference Written by: Gu, Y.Y.; Zhang,

Y.; Zhang, Y.T.[6] Photoplethysmographic authentication through fuzzy logic

Gu, Y.Y. ; Joint Res. Center for Biomed. Eng., Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin, China ; Zhang, Y.T.Biomedical Engineering, 2003. IEEE EMBS Asian-Pacific Conference

[8] Feasibility study of photoplethysmographic signals for biometric identificationSpachos, P. ; Jiexin Gao ; Hatzinakos, D.Digital Signal Processing (DSP), 2011 17th International Conference onDOI: 10.1109/ICDSP.2011.6004938

A Pilot Study on Using Derivatives of Photoplethysmographic Signals as a Biometric Identifier[10] Jianchu Yao ; Xiaodong Sun ; Yongbo Wan

Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2007. EMBS 2007. 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE

References

[11] A Pilot Study on Using Derivatives of Photoplethysmographic Signals as a Biometric IdentifierJianchu Yao ; Xiaodong Sun ; Yongbo WanEngineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2007. EMBS 2007. 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE

[12] Design of a photoplethysmographic sensor for biometric identificationYongbo Wan ; Xiaodong Sun ; Yao, J.Control, Automation and Systems, 2007. ICCAS '07. International Conference on

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