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TmudiStottafisahensive phytochemical data following screening and analysis ofin vitro and field-derived extracts of L. frutescens.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2012.08.620

S

oster 5.0.178

ptimization of genomic DNA extraction fromrapevine cultivars

arlygash Aubakirova1,2,∗, Madina Omasheva1, Natalyayabushkina1, Laura Yerbolova1,2, Tolepbergen Tazhibaev2,ulfaridat Kampitova2, Nurbol Galiakparov1

Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, KazakhstanKazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

n plants such a grapevine, secondary metabolites and polysac-harides interfere the isolation of genomic DNA procedures andownstream reactions such as restriction enzyme and amplifica-ion based analysis. In this study, a simple, rapid and efficient

ethod for leaf DNA extraction has been optimized. CTAB-basedxtraction procedure (Doyle and Doyle, 1990) modified by the usef NaCl to remove polysaccharides and PVP to eliminate polyphe-ols during DNA purification (Muhammad et al., 1994) was usedith a slight modification.

DNA was extracted from grapevine leaves kept at −80◦C.00 mg of leaf sample were ground in a chilled mortar withml CTAB buffer (100 mM Tris–HCl, 1.4 M NaCl, 2% CTAB, 2%VP, 0.2% mercaptoethanol), and incubated for 60 min at 60◦

with periodic mixing, followed by chloroform extraction andentrifugation at 10,000 × g for 15 min. Supernatant treated withibonuclease A (1 �g/ml) for 15 min at 37◦C and DNA precipitatedy adding 0,5 volume of 5 M NaCl and 2 volume 95% ethanol andissolved in 100 �l of water.

Quality of extracted DNA has been checked by electrophore-is in agarose gel. The DNA yield per 100 mg of leaf tissue wasalculated by using the absorbance A260/A280 ratio. The ratio260/A280 was from 1.67 to 1.91, calculated DNA concentrationas in average 4 mkg. Absence of the PCR inhibitors have been

valuated by amplification using primers for 18S ribosomal RNAene and 20 ng of extracted DNA, for all samples the product ofhe expected size have been produced.

ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2012.08.618

oster 5.0.179

he assessment of the behavior of nanoparticles in envi-onmental systems for sustainable development

eynep Zaimoglu1, Hatice Gulen2, Dilek Bostan Budak3, Sergulrgin2,∗, Muge Kesici2

Environmental Engineering Department, Cukurova University, 01330dana, TurkeyHorticulture Department, Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, TurkeyDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Cukurova University, 01330dana, Turkey

ano scale materials find use in a variety of different areas suchs electronic, biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, energy, envi-onmental, catalytic and material applications. Because of the

otential of this technology there has been a worldwide increase

n investment in nanotechnology research and development. Self-rganization of life spans from single molecules around 1 nm inize to large animals and plants (∼10 m) and to very large orga-

220 www.elsevier.com/locate/nbt

New Biotechnology · Volume 29S · September 2012

ized populations of a species (∼100 m). Nanoparticles may bef the same dimensions as some biological molecules such asroteins and nucleic acids because of this may reach well insideiomolecules.

The behavior of nanoparticles in environmental system is com-lex and depended particle size and type. Studies specificallyealing with the toxicity of nanoparticles have only appearedecently and are still scarce. Most of the information availableomes from studies on inhaled nanoparticles and from pharma-eutical studies. However, a number of studies have examined theptake and effects of nanoparticles at cellular scale to evaluateheir impact on humans; it can reasonably be assumed that theonclusions of these studies may be extrapolated to other studies,ut more research is needed to confirm this assumption. More-ver, careful examination and interpretation of existing data andareful planning of new research is required to establish the truempact of nanoparticles on the environment, and the differencesith larger, conventional forms of the substances.

This study is a review for the assessment of the effects on envi-onmental impact and Eco toxicity of nanoparticles.

Keywords: Nanoparticles; Environmental impact; Sustainableevelopment

ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2012.08.619

oster 5.0.180

iotechnological applications in Lessertia frutescens, aedicinally valuable species in South Africa

hakira Shaik

University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

he cancer bush (Lessertia frutescens L.) is an indigenous legu-inous perennial native to southern Africa which has been

sed for centuries in traditional medicine by the continent’siverse cultural groups. The loss of valuable indigenous medic-

nal plant species is a growing environmental concern both inouth Africa, and globally, and has been attributed primarilyo illegal collection, unsustainable harvesting techniques andverexploitation. Therefore, the objectives of this study werewo-fold: firstly, to investigate the potential of various in vitroechniques in providing sustainable populations of L. frutescens,nd secondly, to chemically extract and analyze both in vitro andeld-derived leaves for comparison of phytocompound yield. Thistudy describes novel protocols for breaking seed dormancy, rapidnd efficient in vitro propagation, bioreactor culture, and compre-