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Asset Poza Rica-Altamira
1. Introduction
2. Basin description
3. Main characteristics
4. Exploration and development history
5. Production by field and reserves
6. Facilities and hydrocarbons management
7. Drilling practices
I N D E X
This block is located in Mexican territorial waters on the continental shelf at 30km east of
the city of Tampico, state of Tamaulipas. It covers an area of approximately 2,035 Km² and
it contains the fields Arenque, Lobina, Jurel, Merluza and Náyade. Geologically it is located
on the east portion of the Tampico Misantla basin. In the Arenque block fifty one (51)
wells have been drilled, of which seventeen (17) are operating, thirteen (13) are shut-in
and twenty one (21) are plugged & abandoned.
Current production is 5,600 bpd of oil, 2,500 bpd of water and 22 MMcfd of gas. The
crude produced is heavy to light with density varying from 19 to 32° API. Current reservoir
pressure varies from 300 to 576 Kg/cm2. The production driving system is natural flowing.
The reservoirs in the area are a combination of structural and stratigraphic traps
developed in the border of a high rift block (basement highs.) In these borders a sequence
of sandstones and oolitic banks were deposited from the Upper Jurassic San Andres Play.
In the area there are three (3) seismic (3D) surveys covering 100% of the block. The
surveys are of excellent quality: Arenque-Lobina Q-marine depth-processed cube, Sardina
time-processed cube and Jurel depth-processed cube.
Asset Poza Rica - Altamira INTRODUCTION
Location of the Arenque Block
BASIN DESCRIPTION
The Tampico-Misantla Basin is located west side of Mexico and includes the south end of
the state of Tamaulipas, the central portion of the State of Veracruz, portions of the west
side of the states of San Luis Potosi and Hidalgo, the north portion of the state of Puebla
and the continental platform to the bathymetry of 200 meters.
The crystalline basement is made up of igneous and metamorphic rocks ranging from the
Permian to the Middle Jurassic. In stratigraphic column of the Tampico-Misantla Province
the following tectonic sequences are recognized:
The first tectonic sequence (Synrift) begins in Triassic with the deposition over the
basement of continental clastic rocks of alluvial and fluvial environments with some lava
flows of the Huizachal Formation of the Late Triassic and Hettangian age. It is followed by
a marine transgressive sequence of sandstones and shales of the Huayacocotla Formation
during the Lower Jurassic Hettangian-Pliensbachian. In the Middle Jurassic the continental
environments re-appear with the clastic rocks of the Cahuasas Formation. A new
transgression allowed the deposition of oolitic limestone in the lower portion of the
Huehuetepec Formation.
Location of the Block Arenque in the Tampico-Misantla Basin.
Block Arenque
Asset Poza Rica - Altamira
Activo Integral Poza Rica - Altamra
Sandy limestones and shaly bioclastic rocks of the Tepexic Formation were deposited over
these formations in the Callovian age. It was followed by the deposition of deep water shaly
and carbonate limestones of the Santiago Formation when the maximum transgression was
reached during the Oxfordian age. Around of highs of the basement, carbonate ramps
developed and, in their internal side, were deposited the shaly-sandy limestones of the San
Pedro Formation and the oolitic limestones of the San Andres Formation together with their
lateral equivalents of the Chipoco Formation and basin sediments of the Taman Formation.
These facies reached their maximum development during the Kimmeridgian age covering the
Tampico-Misantla basin, mainly during the second sea-level lowering. In certain zones it can
be observed the abrupt change of the Santiago Formation to the Chipoco or San Andres
Formation.
The shaly and carbonate limestones of the Pimienta Formation covered regionally the
formations Taman, Chipoco and San Andres during the Tithonian. Toward the end of the
Jurassic a thin packet of clastic rocks are deposited over the Pimienta Formation. These
sediments make up the La Casita Formation and their source is the erosion of exposed
portions of the crystalline basement.
The second tectonic sequence (Passive Continental Margin) begins with the deposition of
oolitic and bioclastic limestones of lower member of the Tamaulipas Formation of the
Berriasian-Valanginiano age. Towards the area of Tuxpan, however, there was the
development of a reef represented by the limestones of the El Abra Formation bordered by
slope sediments of the Tamabra Formation.
Towards the end of the Cenomanian this platform has an extended surface exposure. With
the following transgression, the shallow-water carbonate sedimentation is re-established
with the relative rise of the sea level. The pelagic carbonate limestones of the Agua Nueva
Formation of Turonian age are deposited over the formations El Abra, Tamabra and Upper
Tamaulipas.
BASIN DESCRIPTIONAsset Poza Rica - Altamira
Later shaly limestones with intercalations of bentonite of the San Felipe Formation were
deposited followed by marl, shaly limestones and calcareous shales of the Mendez
Formation mark the end of the Passive Continental Margin tectonic sequence.
The third tectonic sequence (Foreland Basin) is characterized by a change from carbonate
to terrigenous sedimentation. The terrigenous sediments were defined by López-Ramos
(1956) as being part of the Tampico-Misantla Basin.
The bathymetric profile had the tendency to be of a ramp, with relatively narrow zones,
and in which the costal systems changed to a prodeltaic or slope zone with predominant
transport of sediments by turbidity currents, flows of waste rock and landslides.
List of formation abbreviations:
Mendez KmendezSan Felipe KsfAgua Nueva KanUpper Tamaulipas KtsLower Tamaulipas KtiUpper Jurassic JsUpper Jurassic San Andres Jsa
Depositional Model Middle Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian)
BASIN DESCRIPTIONAsset Poza Rica - Altamira
MAIN CARACTERISTICS
The geological column from the bottom to top, begins with the Paleozoic crystalline
basement overlaid by Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous calcareous rocks. These in turn were
overlaid by sediments from the border of the Middle Cretaceous platform (reefs of the El
Abra Formation) that change facies laterally towards the slope (Tamabra Formation) and
towards the interior of the of the platform (post-reef facies.) These same sediments
overlay the Upper Cretaceous rocks towards the interior of the platform. A clear
discordance can be noted in the reef growth zones that set the contact of the Middle
Cretaceous with the clastic sediments of the Tertiary and which make up the remaining of
the geological column till the Quaternary period.
Structurally the border of the carbonate rocks platform is characterized by major gravity-
induced listric faults that cut the Tertiary sediments dipping towards the basin and joining
in a main level (shaly interval of the Basal Tertiary.)
The area reservoirs are a combination of structural and stratigraphic traps developed in
the high of the block. The area is covered completely by 3D seismic acquired in
September 2002 and processed in November 2002 (Post-Stack Migration.) In May 2005
the seismic data went through a Pre-Stack Migration processing.
Towards the end of the Cenomanian this platform had an extended surface exposure.
With the following transgression, the shallow-water carbonate sedimentation is re-
established with the relative rise of the sea level. The pelagic carbonate limestones of the
Agua Nueva Formation of Turonian age are deposited over the formations El Abra,
Tamabra and Upper Tamaulipas. Later shaly limestones, with intercalations of bentonite of
the San Felipe Formation, were deposited followed by the sediments of main economic
interest that include the calcareous platform rocks of the Jurassic and Cretaceous.
Asset Poza Rica - Altamira
These carbonates are truncated by an erosional regional discordance with Tertiary and
Quaternary clastic sediments deformed by extensional faults. The traps are a combination
of structural and stratigraphic. There are three (3) productive levels:
The Upper Jurassic San Andres reservoir (Jsa), made up of oolitic limestones with good
porosity (18%) contributes the majority of the production (oil of 24 to 32°API.) The
average pay of the reservoir is eighty (80) meters and its average depth is around 3,500
meters.
The Lower Cretaceous Tamaulipas Formation reservoirs “A” and “B”, made up of fine-grain
limestones with inter-crystalline porosity of 12% (dolomitization) and fractures are the
other productive levels. They produce oil of 22°API. The range of thicknesses of the two
reservoirs is 10 to 30 meters.
Sedimentary Model Arenque Field
Asset Poza Rica - Altamira MAIN CARACTERISTICS
Pks bioclasticsOolitic Banks
Pks Oolites &
bioclastics
The model of the Arenque Field, that in its first stage is focused exclusively on the Jurassic
San Andres reservoir, has been studied by many authors and it has been divided in six (6)
para-sequences (KS4, KS3, KS2, KS1, KI2 y KI1) according to their lithology and
depositional environment. With the objective to construct the geologic model the 6
sequence were condensed as follows: Jks4 corresponds to the oolitic-sandy Grainstones
(KS4), Jks3 is a Grainstone (Bank) oolitic (KS3), Jks2 is made up of Peletoids (KS2) and Jks1
is the combination of sandy limestones and the sequences KI1 and KI2 of mudstones and
conglomeratic sandstones. Because of the lack economic value and to simplify the model
was condensed in Jks1 and as the base for the model it was chosen the top of the
crystalline basement obtained using seismic.
Asset Poza Rica - Altamira MAIN CARACTERISTICS
The block includes the producing fields Arenque, Lobina, Jurel, Merluza y Náyade. The
Arenque field, the main producer, is located a 31 km East of the city of Tampico, state of
Tamaulipas. It was discovered as an oil and associated gas producer in 1968 with the
drilling of the Arenque-1 well; it was completed on an interval of carbonate rocks of the
Lower Cretaceous. Well Arenque-2 was completed in the San Andres Jurassic interval in
1968. The field development begun in 1970 with the installation of offshore platforms
Arenque “A” and Arenque “B” and continued in 1974 with the installation of platform “C”.
In 1980 a waterflood project was started exclusively from platform Arenque “B”. In 1998 it
was suspended because of high incidence of leaks in the onshore water aquifer.
Currently sixteen (16) wells are producers.
There are three 3D seismic cubes that cover 100% of the block. The largest is the time-
processed Sardina cube, the second is depth-processes Jurel cube and the third is the Q-
Marine depth processed Arenque-Lobina cube. Additionally there is 2D seismic lines
which are practically not used because of excellent quality of the 3D surveys.
Typical Seismic Section
EXPLORATION & DEVELOPMENT HISTORYAsset Poza Rica - Altamira
EXPLORATION & DEVELOPMENT HISTORY
The exploration in the block started in 1968 with the drilling of well Arenque-1 with the
objective located in a high of the basement. However the Jurassic San Andres (Jsa), was
not found. Instead the well produced from Lower Cretaceous (Kti A). It was not until the
70’s that well Arenque-2 was drilled and found oil on Jurassic San Andres (Jsa).
There are currently seven (7) prospects evaluated; together they define average
oil resources of 277 MMb of crude equivalent.
Location of the strategic prospects evaluated
Table of strategic prospects defined for the Arenque Block
Coordinates
UTM
X
Coordinates
UTM
y
Hydro-
carbon
Probability
of Exit
(%)
Water
Level
(m)
Depth of
Objective
(m)
Potential
Resources
Oil Equivalent
(MMbe)
P10
Potential
Resources
Oil Equivalent
(MMbe)
Average
Potential
Resources
Oil Equivalent
(MMbe)
P50
Potential
Resources
Oil Equivalent
(MMbe)
P90
Beluga-A 646,125 2,462,881Light Crude
0.37 45 3,280 53.2 22.9 15.1 4.3
Camarón-B 638,516 2,467,651Light Crude
0.45 45 2,860 77.1 33 22.3 5.9
Jurel-C 637,251 2,453,444Light Crude
0.32 48 3,050 149.8 58.8 31.3 6.6
Lobina-D 658,954 2,455,141Light Crude
0.36 48 3,490 37.6 17.2 12.4 4.1
Ostrácodo-E 646,050 2,456,368Light Crude
0.28 46 3,330 167.1 65.4 34.4 7.1
Plancton -F 651,758 2,455,169Light Crude
0.37 50 3,370 22.4 10.9 8.5 3.2
Salmón-G 658,326 2,464,432Light Crude
0.3 70 3,640 175.2 69.2 37.4 8
Asset Poza Rica - Altamira
PRODUCTION BY FIELD AND RESERVES
The production of the Arenque comes from the Arenque and Lobina fields. In 1970 the
development of the field Arenque was started with platforms “A” and “B” and in 1975
well were drilled in platform Arenque “C”. In 1977 the maximum production of 27,600
bpd was reached. In the same year the Jurassic San Andres reservoir reached the bubble
point. In 1980 waterflood of Jurassic San Andres was started and in 1984 the lowest
production of 5,220 bpd was reached. In 1992 production begun from the Lower
Cretaceous Tamaulipas Formation (Kti) reservoir “A” with the well Arenque-28. In 1998
waterflood was stopped after cumulative injection of the 15.4 MMb of water. In the year
2000 drilling and production was started from side track horizontal wells and in 2006 the
production from the well Lobina-1 was added. In 2009 commercial production was
obtained from the Cretácico Tamaulipas Inferior (Kti) “B” reservoir.
Production History of the Arenque Block
Asset Poza Rica - Altamira
The reserves of the Arenque block are the sum of the reserves of the fields Arenque,
Lobina and Jurel. The block has proved reserves of 76 MMboe and probable reserves of
17 MMboe. Prospective resources for the block are 994 MMboe.
In the last few years the only activity in the block is the re-entries in well Arenque 46. On
May 22, 2010 a window mill was open at 3,299 meters (TD) and a side-track wellbore was
drilled with the well reaching the total depth of 4,117 meters in a open-hole of 4 1/8”.
Block Arenque Reserves
Remaining Reserves (as of January1, 2011)
1PMMboe
2PMMboe
3PMMboe
76 93 101
Map and section of re-entry trajectory well Arenque-46
PRODUCTION BY FIELD AND RESERVESAsset Poza Rica - Altamira
From November 29 to December 2, 2010 a flow-test was done for well Arenque-46,
flowing through three (3) well chokes, recording the flowing bottom hole pressure
achieving the following results:
With this information well simulation study was done and using nodal analysis it was
determined that the optimal exploitation diameter is 10mm (25/64”) that will assure that
the well will perform within the critical flow and that a flow rate of 1,120 can be obtained.
Currently the field produces approximately 5,600 bpd of oil and 22 MMcfd of gas from the
fields Arenque and Lobina. There are four (4) offshore platforms and thirty five (35) wells
(17 operating, 13 shut-in and 10 plugged). There are five (5) offshore oil/gas pipelines of
12” diameter; one with the length of 5.4 Km links platforms Arenque “A” and Arenque
“B”; one with the length of 3.1 Km links platforms Arenque “C” and Arenque “B”; one
with the length of 14.7 Km links platforms Lobina “A” and Arenque “B”. In the Arenque “B”
platform the hydrocarbons are concentrated and sent to the on-shore Arenque Battery
using the other two 12” oil/gas pipelines, of 29.8 Km and 32 Km in length.
Data from flow-tests of the re-entry of well Arenque-46.
Date Choke Pressure atWellhead(Kg/cm
2)
Flowing Bottom-Hole Pressure
(Kg/cm2)
Oil Rates(bpd)
% Water
Gas Rates (MMcfd)
GOR (m
3/m
3)
Nov-29- 10 16/64 (6.35mm) 124 268 453 0 0.95 374
Dec-01-10 20/64 (7.94mm) 104 266 781 0 1.12 256
Dec-02-10 25/64 (9.93mm) 88 255 1120 0 1.46 230
PRODUCTION BY FIELD AND RESERVESAsset Poza Rica - Altamira
Infrastructure Facilities and Hydrocarbons Management
Facility Wells Pipelines Arenque Battery Land Pipelines
Arenque "A"
4 Operating 12"Ø x 5.4 Km Arenque "A" Arenque "B"
2 Storage Tanks of 55,000 b each
2 Storage Tanks of 10,000 b each
3 High-pressure Separator of29 de Mbpd y 50 MMcfd each
3 Low-pressure Separators of29 Mbpd y 26.5 MMcfd each
2 Gas Rectifiers of 90 and 30 MMcfd
Oil pipeline of 16" Ø x 2.2 Km, from Arenque Battery -
Madero Refinery
Gas pipeline of 12" Ø x 1.4 Km, from Arenque Battery –
Arenque Central Gas Processing facility
Water pipeline of 10" Ø x 27 Km, from Arenque Battery to
the Tamaulipas Collecting Center in Constituciones
3 Shut-in
3 Plugged
Arenque "B"
7 Operating 5 Shut-in
12"Ø x 29.8 Km Arenque "B" - Bat. Arenque 12"Ø x 32 Km Arenque "B" -
Bat. Arenque
Arenque "C"
5 Operating 12"Ø x 3.1 Km Arenque "C" Arenque "B"
4 Shut-in
1 Taponado
Lobina
1 Operating 12"Ø x 14.7 Km Lobina "A"-
Arenque "B"1 Shut-in
1 Plugged
Summary Table of Infrastructure Facilities
FACILITIES & HYDROCARBONS MANAGEMENTAsset Poza Rica - Altamira
DRILLING PRACTICES
Drilling is the costliest activity in the block and therefore it was necessary the use of new
tools to allow the gathering, in real-time, of information on the main drilling parameters
and the formations that were cut. It required the utilization of directional long-range
drilling and the use of larger drilling rigs to be able to drill longer wells.
During drilling, operational problems have arisen due to complex subsurface geology, low
pressure and high temperature of the reservoirs, normally located at depth below 3000
meters.
Below are basic drilling designs showing the well mechanical status diagram for wells in
the Arenque block.
Wellbore Diagram - Directional Type
143 m30”
mdbmr = Length of wellbore below rotary table
1287 m
3551.5 – 3559 mDISP.: 20 -JUL -71, 13 CPMESTIM.: 23 -JUL -71
I
Casing 13 ”, J -55, 54.5 lb/in 405 m
Casing 9 ”, N -80, 47 lb/i 1998 m
3501 mCasing 7”, N-80, P-110, 32 lb/in
Casing 4 ½ ” at 3432 m
Sleeve 2 at 3390 m
Packer 415 -D at 3400 m
Casing 4 ½ ”, P -110, 15.1 lb/in
3571 m
3578 m
T.D. 3579 m
2536 m
Safety Valve
5/8
3/8
Asset Poza Rica - Altamira
135 m30”
Casing 7 5/8”, N-80,
P-110, 39 Lb/ft3829 m
TD 3833.3 m
Casing 16”, J-55, 84lb/ft402 m
Casing mouth 7 5/8”
at 1506.5 m
Casing 10 3/4”, N-80, P-110,
51 Lb/ft at 2205 m
3802 m
3420 m
1363 m
Baker Plug K-1, 10 3/4” at 460 m
EZ-DRILL, 10 3/4” at 540 m
Casing cutter of 10 3/4” at 475 m
Casing 13 3/8”, HD-521, J-55,
54.5 Lb/ft at 778 m
Tie-Back 7” at 2382.4 m
Casing 9 5/8”, Antares, N-80
47 Lb/ft at 2600 m
Sleeve CMD 2 7/8”
EUE tubing at 3882 m
Baker Packer SC-2P, 7” at
3892.14 m
Casing 7”, HD-521, P110,
32 Lb/ft at 4183
Cement retainer B.L.
casing 5” at 4005 mCasing 5”, P-110
18 Lb/ft, at 4261 m
OPEN HOLEOF 4 1/8” AT 4334 m
II
I
Fish mouth at 4229 m
TD at 4262 m
Tubing 3 1/2” MVAM, 9.2 Lb/ft
Security Valve, 3 1/2” at 150 m
Tubing 2 7/8”, N-80, 6.4 Lb/ft, Antares-
Combination MV, N-80, 6.5 Lb/ft-
mdbmr = length of wellbore below rotary table
Cut Casing 10 3/4” at 445 m
Fish: drill bit, logging cable
and fishing spear (0.5m)
DRILLING PRACTICESAsset Poza Rica - Altamira
Wellbore Diagram – Re-entry Type