Bloodless on Dan Eff

8/2/2019 Bloodless on Dan Eff

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Blood components and their

function

BIS, Grade 8, Biology


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Lesson overview

1. Answer the warm up questions on the worksheet

2. Discuss as a large group your ideas about blood.

3. Organization of the work phases

4. Independent study: work alone to identify relevant factson blood components based on a reading.

5. Group work: Share your findings and will work in theirgroups to solve a graphic organizer based on their

individual reading.6. Whole class review of the graphic organizer


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the average human has 5 litres ofblood, which is approximately 8% of anadult's body mass. Difference is mainlydue to the differences in body size.

it is a transporting fluid

it carries vital substances to all partsof the body

Blood facts


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Blood facts II

Its mean temperature is 38 degrees Celsius.

It has a pH of 7.35-7.45, making it slightly

basic. Blood in the arteries is a brighter red than

blood in the veins because of the higher levelsof oxygen found in the arteries.

An artificial substitute for human blood hasnot been found.


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Blood composition


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What makes up our blood?

RED BLOOD CELLS (Erythrocytes) The most

abundant cells in our blood; they are produced in thebone marrow and contain a protein called hemoglobinthat carries oxygen to our cells.

WHITE BLOOD CELLS (Leukocytes) They are part ofthe immune system and destroy infectious agents calledpathogens.

PLASMA This is the yellowish liquid portion of bloodthat contains electrolytes, nutrients and vitamins,hormones, clotting factors, and proteins such as

antibodies to fight infection. PLATELETS (Thrombocytes) The clotting factors that

are carried in the plasma; they clot together in a processcalled coagulation to seal a wound and prevent a loss ofblood.


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Blood Facts

The average adult has about FIVE liters of bloodinside of their body, which makes up 7-8% of theirbody weight.

Blood is living tissue that carries oxygen andnutrients to all parts of the body, and carries carbondioxide and other waste products back to the lungs,kidneys and liver for disposal. It also fights against

infection and helps heal wounds, so we can stayhealthy.

There are about one billion red blood cells in two tothree drops of blood. For every 600 red blood cells,there are about 40 platelets and one white cell.


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Blood

plasma (55%) blood cells (45%)

water (92%) dissolved

particles (8%)

proteins, fats,

vitamins, urea,glucose,

minerals,

white blood cells

(= lykocyctes)

life span 3 -4 days;

4-10 thousand per

ml of blood.

platelets (=

thrombocytes)

life span under 7

days;200 400 thousand

per ml of blood

red blood cells (=

erythrocytes)

live about 120 days;

4 -5 millions per ml of

blood; made in the

bone marrow

transport of

nutrients, waste

products and blood

cells

transport of

oxygen

defending the

body against

pathogens

(immune system)

blood clotting

and repair of

damaged tissue

Components

Function


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Human blood smear

X 500


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plasma (55%)

red blood cells

(5-6-million /ml)

white blood cells

(5000/ml)

platelets


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Plasma

liquid part of blood

plasma transports:- soluble foodmolecules

waste products

hormones antibodies


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White blood cells

the bodies defence

part of the immune system

much larger than RBCs

far fewer have a nucleus

4000-13000 per mm3

2 typesphagocytes and lymphocytes


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Platelets

if you get cut:- platelets produce

tiny fibrin threads these form a web-like

mesh that traps bloodcells.

these harden forming

a clot, or "scab." 150,000 to 400,000per mm3


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Blood clotting


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Haemophilia (also

spelled hemophilia) is

genetic disorders that

impair the body's

ability to control blood

clotting

Like most Xchromosome

disorders,

haemophilia is morelikely to occur in

males than females.

Haemophilia has featured

prominently in European

royalty and thus is

sometimes known as "the

royal disease".

Queen Victoria passed

haemophilia on to some of

her descendants.


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RBCs and a WBC


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The number of

leukocytes in theblood is often an

indicator of disease.

Leukemia (AmericanEnglish) or leukaemia(British English) is atype of cancer of theblood or bone marrowcharacterized by anabnormal increase ofwhite blood cells.

Due to the increased

production, the bonemarrow is unable toproduce healthy WBCs.


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Red blood cells specialisations

2) no nucleus

extra space inside

3) contain haemoglobin

the oxygen carryingmolecule

250million molecules/ cell

1) biconcave shape

increases thesurface area somore oxygen can be

carried


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Haemoglobin

gives red bloodcells their colour

can carry up to

4 molecules of O2

associates and

dissociates with O2

contains iron


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Microscopic

Views

Bird Blood

Cat Blood

Dog Blood

Fish Blood

Frog Blood

Snake BloodHuman Blood

Horse Blood


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Summary questions

Can you state the composition of Blood?

state the function of red blood cells and

plasma? explain the function of haemoglobin in the

transport of oxygen?

state the function of WBCs?

explain how blood clotting works?


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Blood pie chart

Water

Dissolved particles

RBC

WBC

Platelets

50.6 (92% of 55)

4.4

42.75 (95% of 45)

1.125 (2.5 % of 45)

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