bls_0454_1927.pdf

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABORJAMES J. DAVIS, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSETHELBERT STEWART, Commissioner

B U L L E T IN O F T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S ! B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T I S T I C S / •No. 454

W A G E S A N D H O U R S OP L A B O R S E R I E S

HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING

1922,1924, AND 1926

NOVEMBER, 1927

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON 1927

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CONTENTS

PageIntroduction and summary___________________________________________________ 1-5Classified average earnings per hour_________________________________________ 5 -9

Tonnage workers_________________________________________________________ 5 -7Time workers_____________________________________________________________ 8, 9

Regular or basic hours per day and per week_______________________________ 10, 11Increases in wage rates between October 15 and December 31, 1926______ 11Classified hours in half month_______________________________________________ 12, 13Classified earnings in half month_____________________________________________ 14, 15Averages for miners and loaders, by States_________________________________ 16, 17Index numbers of tonnage rates of hand loaders and hand or pick miners

in Hocking Valley district_________________________________________________ 17, 18Classified starts (days) in half month________________________________________ 18, 19Number of mines, production, and wage earners, 1925_____________________ 20Importance of bituminous coal mining, 1914 to 1925_______________________20, 21Occupations in the industry__________________________________________________ 21General tables_________________________________________________________________ 22-57

T able A.— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by occupation and State_________________________________________________________ 23-25

T able B.— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924,

and 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State______________ 26-33T able C.— Number of miners and loaders in each State whose average

earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1926, byoccupation_____________________________________________________________ 34-36

T able D .— Number of employees other than miners and loaders in each State whose average earnings per hour were within each

classified amount, 1926________________________________________________37, 38T able E.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each

State who worked each classified number of hours in half month,1926_______________________________________ ______________________ ______ 39-44

T able F.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whose earnings in half month were within each classified

amount, 1926__________________________________________________________ 45-49T able G.— Number of employees making each specified number of

starts (days) in.half month, 1926, by place of work, occupation,and State______________________________________________________________ 50-57

Appendix.— Agreement between bituminous miners and operators________58-66ill



BULLETIN OF THE

U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSn o . 454 WASHINGTON N ovem ber, 1927

HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING, 1922, 1924, AND 1926INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY

This bulletin presents averages for each of the various inside and outside occupations in bituminous coal mining in the United States in 1926, together with summary figures of like character for 1922 and 1924. It also gives classified average earnings per hour, and average hours, earnings, and starts or days in half month in 1926 for 11 of the most important occupations in the industry.

Average number of starts or calendar days on which employees worked in half month, average hours in half month and per start or day, and average earnings per hour, start, or day, and in half month are shown by occupations in Table 1 for miners and loaders for each of the years 1922, 1924, and 1926, for which figures are available. In 1926 “ miners and loaders” included 66,414 hand loaders, 20,594 hand or pick miners, 6,055 machine miners (cutters), 1,065 gang miners, 882 machine miners, (cutters') helpers, 694 contract loaders, and 306 machine loaders, and in the aggregate represented 65 per cent of the 148,155 bituminous wage earners covered in that year. The wage earners in these occupations mine the coal; that is, take it from the vein or seam and load it into mine cars after which it is hauled to the surface in slope or drift mines or to the foot of the shaft in shaft mines. In practically all mines they are paid tonnage rates and are, therefore, generally called “ tonnage men.” Employees in other occupations are as a rule paid hourly or daily rates and are called “ day men” or “ time workers.” Average hours and earnings for each of the seven occupations of miners and loaders as presented are based on (1) time at the face or place of work in the mine, including time for lunch, and also on (2) total time in the mine, including time for lunch and time of travel in mine from its opening to the face or working place and return.

Miners and loaders in one-half monthly pay period worked an average of 8.9 starts or days in 1922, 8.3 in 1924, and 9.5 in 1926. Based on time at the face, including time for lunch, they worked an averageof 68.1 hours in 1922,64.6 hours in 1924, and 75.4 hours in 1926. Their average hourly earnings, based on time at the face including time for lunch, were 91.5 cents in 1922, 84.3 cents in 1924, and 81.7 cents in 1926. They earned an average of $7.03 per start or day in 1922, $6.60 in 1924, and $6.46 in 1926, and in the half month they earned $62.30 in 1922, $54.44 in 1924, and $61.61 in 1926.

In the half-month pay period in 1926 hand loaders worked an average of 9.4 starts or days as compared with 8.7 in 1922 and

1


2 fetTUMiNOUS COAL MINING

8.i in i924. Based on time at the face, including time for lunch, hand loaders worked an average of 66.2 hours in 1922, 63.3 hours in 1924, and 73.7 hours in 1926, and earned an average of 90.2 cents per hour in 1922, 81.1 cents in 1924, and 77.9 cents per hour in 1926. Their average earnings per start or day were $6.90 in 1922, $6.32 in 1924, and $6.12 in 1926, and in the half month they earned an average of $59.75 in 1922, $51.29 in 1924, and $57.48 in 1926.T a b l e 1 .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of miners

and loaders, inside mine} 1922, 1924) and 1926, by occupation

Number of— Average hours Average earnings

Average

number of starts (days) in half month

In half month

based on—Per start

based on—Per hour

based on—

Occupation and yearMines Wage

earnersTime

atfacein

cluding

lunch

Timein

mine

Timeat

facein

cluding

lunch

Timein

mine

Timeat

facein

cluding

lunch

Timein

mine

Perstart(day)

Inhalf

month

Loaders, contract:1924................................. 24 170 9.5 79.9 84.3 8.4 8.9 $0,929

.849$0,881 $7.82 $74.26

72.431926................................. 61 694 10.1 85.3 92.4 8.4 9.1 .7& 7.16Loaders, hand:

1922................................ 176 22,560 61,936 66,414

102

8.7 66.2 71.5 7.7 8.3 .902 .836 6.90 59.751924................................. 514 8.1 63.3 68.6 7.8 8.5 .811 .748 6.32 51.291926................................. 488 9.4 73.7 80.3 7.8 8.6 .779 .715 6.12 57.48

Loaders, machine:1924................................. 10 9.4 84.3 90.4 9.0 9.6 .690 .644 6.20 58.201926................................. 23 306 9.9 87.3 93.7 8.8 9.5 .788 .735 6.96 68.80

Miners, gang:1924................................. 40 1,036

1,0658,429

21,424 20, 5942,3716,4996,055

882

8.1 65.6 71.1 8.1 8.8 1.387 1.094 9.66 77.791926................................. 32 9.5 78.7 86.0 8.2 9.0 1.377 1.260 11.36 108.33

Miners, hand or pick:1922................................. 127 9.2 71.0 77.5 7.7 8.4 .840 .769 6.47 59.621924................................. 291 8.5 65.6 71.2 7.7 8.4 .808 .744 6.26 53.021926................................. 254 9.8 77.0 84.3 7.9 8.6 .783 .715 6.18 60.31

Miners, machine (cutters): 1922................................ 161 9.5 75.4 81.5 7.9 8.6 1.274 1.180 10.10 96.141924................................. 485 8.8 72.9 78.6 8.3 8.9 1.163 1.079 9.65 84.791926................................. 464 10.3 86.0 93.3 8.3 9.0 1.195 1.101 9.93 102.68

Miners’, machine (cutters’)* helpers:

1926................................. 151 8.8 79.0 84.5 9.0 9.6 .681 .637 6.14 53.77Total:

1922...................... 200 33,360 91,167 96,010

8.9 68.1 73.7 7.7 8.3 .915 .845 7.03 62.301924...................... 599 8.3 64.6 70.0 7.8 8.5 .843 .777 6.60 54.441926...................... 556 9.5 75.4 82.2 7.9 8.6 .817 .749 6.46 61.61

As already stated, the averages in Table 1 are for miners and loaders who are usually paid tonnage rates.

Table 2 gives for 1922, 1924, and 1926 the average number of starts or calendar days and average hours and earnings for all other “ inside” and for all “ outside” occupations. These employees are usually time workers and are paid rates per hour, day, or week. The averages in the table for each occupation, and also for the total of all time-work occupations, are based on the number of hours actually worked in one-half monthly pay period.

The table shows that in 1926 the total of 52,145 time-workers worked an average of 10.7 starts or days, 91.7 hours, and an average of 8.6 hours per start or day in the half-monthly pay period taken in 1926, and that they earned an average of $60.87 in the half month, $5.70 per start, and 66.4 cents per hour. Engineers and pumpmen worked more starts and hours in the half month than the employees in any of the other occupations. A large percentage of the employees in these occupations work overtime and on Sundays and holidays. Average earnings per


IN T R O D U C TIO N AND S U M M A R Y 3

hour in 1926 for inside occupations exclusive of trappers (boys) range from 62 cents for laborers to 81.1 cents for cagers, and for outside occupations range from 54.6 cents for laborers to 76.2 cents for engineers. The average earnings per hour, all occupations, was 66.4 cents in 1926, as compared with 69.6 cents in 1924 and 75.3 cents in 1922.T a b l e 2 .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of

employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by place of work and occupation

Number of— Averagenumber

Average hours worked— Average earnings—

Place of work and occupation YearMines Wage

earners

of starts (days) in half month

Inhalf

monthPer

start(day)

Inhalf

monthPer

start(day)

Perhour

INSIDE MINE Brakemen_______________. . . . . . . . 1922 181 1,333 19.4 77.3 18.2 $60.18 1 $6.41 $0,779

1924 547 4,259 8.9 75.0 8.4 53.25 5.96 .7101926 518 4,368 9.9 83.8 8.5 57.61 5.82 .687

Bratticemen and timbermen_____ 1922 181 986 2 10.4 85.7 *8.1 70.26 *6.81 .8201924 484 2,521 9.8 81.1 8.3 63.04 6.44 .7781926 484 2,800 10.8 89.2 8.3 66.20 6.16 .742

Cagers.............................................. 1922 83 185 810.3 89.4 8 8.6 77.82 8 7.53 .8711924 198 410 9.6 83.2 8.7 71.53 7.46 .8601926 188 414 11.1 99.5 9.0 80.73 7.29 .811

Drivers............................... ............. 1922 125 2,080 <9.5 78.7 <8.2 64.84 <6.82 .8241924 377 4,603 8.8 72.3 8.2 54.08 6.12 .7481926 320 4,530 10.2 84.4 8.3 59.80 5.88 .708

Laborers.......................................... 1922 181 2,967 8 9.9 80.8 «&0 56.30 5 5.73 .6971924 502 7,228 8.9 74.2 8.3 48.74 5.47 .6571926 500 8,823 9.4 78.7 8.4 48.82 5.18 .620

Motormen........................................ 1922 183 1,296 «10.1 84.2 •8.4 68.62 •6.82 .8151924 548 3,751

4,2399.7 83.6 8.6 62.89 6.46 .752

1926 520 10.8 94.7 8.7 67.97 6.27 .718Pumpmen..................................... 1922 157 452 13.0 110.2 8.5 80.90 6.24 .734

1924 402 1,015 11.7 103.4 8.8 70.38 6.02 .6811926 402 1,081 12.7 118.3 9.3 74.04 5.84 .626

Trackmen.......... ............................ 1922 198 1,393 710.7 87.3 ?8.2 72.05 7 6.77 .8261924 587 4,026 9.7 81.2 8.3 59.83 6.14 .7371926 554 4,246 10.8 91.0 8.4 64.15 5.92 .705

Trappers (boys).............................. 1922 103 393 9.1 72.3 7.9 34.09 3.75 .4721924 273 925 8.3 66.7 8.0 27.24 3.27 .4081926 207 693 9.9 79.7 8.0 30.17 3.04 .379

Other employees............................ 1922 188 2,294 «10.9 91.4 «8.3 75.49 •6.97 .8261924 538 4,786 10.5 89.7 8.5 73.32 6.97 .817

OUTSIDE MINE 1926 522 5,745 11.3 98.0 8.7 75.96 6.71 .775Blacksmiths.................................... 1 1922 191 339 •11.7 m o »8.6 87.42 #7.47 .857

1924 581 969 10.7 92.0 8.6 71.75 6.72 .7801926 54j0 909 11.9 104.8 8.8 77.94 6.56 .743

Carpenters and car-repair men.. 1922 157 427 w 11.1 94.7 i° 8.4 71.23 10 6.42 .7521924 474 1,354 10.4 89.6 8.6 61.96 5.93 .6911906 484 1,545 11.4 98.3 8.6 64.28 5.64 .654

Engineers......................................... 1922 129 267 U 3.9 121.3 18.7 99.50 17.21 .8201924 333 732* 12.9 114.4 8.9 91.56 7.09 .8011926 320 674 13.3 119.6 9.0 91.17 6.83 .762

Laborers.,....................................... 1922 195 2,407 1110.1 84.8 “ 8.4 55.06 ii 5.49 .6491924 591 7,514 9.5 81.2 8.6 46.73 4.93 .5751926 550 7,877 10.7 92.6 8.7 50.53 4.74 .546

Other employees________ ________ 1922 193 2,242 1211.8 101.3 12 8.5 70.02 12 5.96 .6911924 578 4,823 11.1 99.1 8.9 62.73 5.64 .6331926 540 4,201 12.1 108.1 8.9 65.31 5.41 .604

Total...................................... 1922 200 «19,388 10.1 87.8 8.7 66.17 6.55 .7531924 599 “ 49,552 9.8 83.1 8.5 57.81 5.92 .6961926 556 52,145 10.7 91.7 8.6 60.87 5.70 .664

1 Not including data for 8 employees whose starts were not reported.2 Not-including data for 79 employees whose starts were not reported.• Not including data for 2 employees whose starts were not reported.< Not including data for 89 employees whose starts were not reported.• Not including data for 237 employees whose starts were not reported.• Not including data for 6 employees whose starts were not reported.7 Not including data for 30 employees whose starts were not reported.• Not including data for 137 employees whose starts were not reported.• Not including data for 9 employees whose starts were not reported.

10 Not including data for 22 employees whose starts were not reported.11 Not including data for 51 employees whose starts were not reported.** Not including data for 75 employees whose starts were not reported.

Including data for 327 employees not shown in the details of this table. 14 Including data for 636 employees not shown Jn the details of this tab!#*


4 BITUMINOUS COAL MINING

The data obtained for each employee included the number of starts or days, hours worked, and earnings in a half-month pay period in the latter part of 1926 or early in 1927. The data for 1926 were taken directly from the pay rolls and other records of 36 representative mines in Alabama, 17 in Colorado, 39 in Illinois, 17 in Indiana, 11 in Kansas, 86 in Kentucky, 45 in Ohio, 151 in Pennsylvania, 14 in Tennessee, 22 in Virginia, and 118 in West Virginia. Except for a very few instances the data were taken from the mine records by agents of the bureau. According to the 1926 figures of the United States Bureau of Mines, approximately 90 per cent of all wage earners in bituminous coal mining were in these 11 States.

Data for which averages and classified figures are presented in the tables of this bulletin were taken from the records of 200 mines in 1922, 599 in 1924, and 556 in 1926. The 1926 figures are for 148,155 employees, of whom 132,949, or 89.7 per cent, are for those who work underground or “ inside” and 15,206 are for those who work on the surface or “ outside” of the mine. The 1924 data are for 140,719 wage earners, of which 124,691, or 89 per cent, are for those underground, and the 1922 data are for 52,748 wage earners, of whom 89 per cent are for those underground.

The 1926 data were taken from the November pay rolls of 10 mines, the December pay rolls of 253 mines, the January pay rolls of 223 mines, the February pay rolls of 50 mines, and the March pay rolls of 20 mines.

The three basic occupations in bituminous coal mining are those of hand or pick miners, machine miners, and .hand loaders. They represent approximately 63 per cent of all wage earners in bituminous coal mining, and are usually paid a rate per ton of 2,000 pounds run-of-mine— that is, of coal as mined, including “ slack.”

Machine miners generally undercut the coal by machine. Hand loaders shovel the coal into mine cars from the floor of the mine after it has been undercut and blasted from the seam by loaders or shot firers. Hand or pick miners undercut the coal with a pick, blast it from the seam, and shovel it from the floor of the mine into mine cars. Contract loaders, machine loaders, gang miners, and machine miners, helpers are of much less importance than other loaders and miners.

As loaders and miners are usually paid tonnage instead of time rates, very few companies keep a daily time record for such workers. It was therefore necessary, in order to get hours worked by these employees, to make arrangements with officials of the mines to a have a special day-by-day record kept of the hours of each tonnage worker for a half-month pay period. The time worked by each time worker and the earnings of each time and each tonnage worker are of regular record.

In the tables given in this bulletin occupations of underground wage earners are grouped under the head “ Inside mine,” and occupations of surface employees are grouped under “ Outside mine.”

The term “ starts,” as used in the tables of this report, means the number of days or parts of days on which the wage earners worked in a half-month pay period.

The average hours and earnings of wage earners in the seven occupations of miners and loaders are based on (1) time at face, including time for lunch, and also on (2) total time in mine, including time for


lunch and time of travel in mine from the mine opening to the face and return. Since it was reported that in many mines a considerable number of employees in these seven occupations had no stated length of time for lunch, eating while at work or while waiting for mine cars, hours at the face exclusive of lunch time could not be determined; therefore, no averages are shown for employees in these occupations for time at face with time for lunch excluded.

The term “ face” in the report means the perpendicular surface of the seam of coal on which miners work, and at or near which loaders shovel the coal from the floor of the mine into mine cars.

Time for lunch, as reported, was usually about 30 minutes, and the time of travel in the different mines ranged from 10 minutes per day for the mine with the shortest time of travel to 2 hours for the one with the longest time of travel. The average time of travel was about 46 minutes per day or 23 minutes each way.

Average earnings, per hour for each of the 66,414 hand loaders, the 20,594 hand or pick miners, and the 6,055 machine miners included in the 1926 study have been computed by dividing his net earnings in the half-month pay period for which data were taken (1) by his total hours at the face in the half month, including time for lunch, and also (2) by his total hours in the mine, including time for lunch and time of travel in the mine. The first method gives average earnings per hour for each man based on time in mine exclusive of time of travel, and the second gives his average earnings per hour based on time in mine including time of travel. Average earnings per hour by the first method are greater than by the second because the time used in the former does not include the unproductive time of travel in mine which is included in the latter.

The term “ net earnings in half month” as used above means the remainder after deductions from total or gross earnings of the costs or charges for powder, dynamite, or other explosives, fuses, and caps used by miners and loaders in blasting coal from the seams, and for tool sharpening or blacksmithing. There are very few companies which do not charge employees for explosives or for tool sharpening.

Table 3 shows the number and the per cent (actual and cumulative) of hand loaders, hand or pick miners, and machine miners (cutters) whose average earnings per hour, based on time at the face including time for lunch and based on total time in the mine, were within each classified amount in 1926.

CLASSIFIED AVERAGE EARNINGS PER HOUR

Tonnage workers.—The 66,414 hand loaders in Table 3 earned an average of 77.9 cents per hour based on time at the face, including time for lunch, and 71.5 cents per hour based on total time in mine. Keading part of the cumulative percentages based on time at the face, it is seen that 3 per cent earned under 30 cents per hour, 9 per cent earned under 40 cents, 19 per cent earned under 50 cents, 32 per cent earned under 60 cents, 58 per cent earned under 80 cents, and 78 per cent under $1 per hour. Averages for hand or pick miners are almost the same as for hand loaders. Machine miners averaged $1,195 per hour based on time at the face and $1,101 per hour based on total time in mine. Based on time at the face, 54 per cent earned under $1.20 per hour and 76 per cent earned under

CLASSIFIED AVEBAGE EAHNINGS 5



$1.50 per hour. For classification of employees in these three occupations in each State according to average earnings per hour see Table C, page 34.

As a rule, mines employing hand loaders to shovel the coal from the floor of the mine into mine cars after it has been blasted from the seam also have machine miners (cutters) to operate the machines for undercutting the coal. In Table 3 and in other tables figures are shown for loaders of 488 mines and machine miners (cutters) of 464 mines. In a number of mines in which machine miners work at night, time was not kept for them, as the mine employee designated to keep the time was on duty during the day only, while in a few others time was not kept for other reasons.


T a b l e 3 .— Number and per cent of loaders and miners whose hourly earnings were within each classified amount, 1926

Classified earnings per hour

Under 30 cents.................30 and under 40 cents........40 and under 50 cents........50 and under 60 cents........60 and under 70 cents____70 and under 80 cents........80 and under 90 cents........90 cents and under $1.......$1 and under $1.10............$1.10 and under $1.20.......$1.20 and under $1.30____$1.30 and under $1.40____$1.40 and under $1.50____$1.50 and under $1.60____$1.60 and under $1.70....... .$1.70 and under $1.80....... .$1.80 and under $1.90____$1.90 and under $2.............$2 and under $2.50............ .$2.50 and under $3............ .$3 and over....................... .

Total....................... .Average earnings per hour.

Loaders, hand (488 establishments)

Number based on—

Time at face, includ

ing lunch

Time in mine,

including

lunch and

travel

1,704 4,021 7,088 8,461 8,867 8,146 7,302 6,103 5,006 3,801 2, 555 1,548

856 438 224 107 61 43 63 15 5

66,414 $0.779

2,452 5,535 8,345 9,678 9,539 8,343 6, 952 5,361 4,177 2,726 1,642

864 420 159 83 50 27 18 37

66,414 $0. 715

Per cent based on—

Actual-


ing lunch

Time in mine,

including

lunch and

travel

0)0)(*)0)0)i1)

Cumulative—


ing lunch

Time in mine,

including

lunch and

travel

3 9

19 32 45 58 69 78 85 91 95 97 99 99

2 100 2 100 2100 2 100 2100 2 100

100

412 25 39 54 66 77 85 91 95 97 99 99

2 100 2 100 2 100 2100 2 100 2100

100

Miners, hand or pick (254 establishments)

Number based on—


ing lunch

Time in mine,

including

lunch and

travel

482 939

1,858 2,552 2,965 2,790 2, 595 2,129 1,477 1,034

688 477 261 150 86 46 26 16 19 4

20,594 $0,783

676 1,317 2,463 3,100 3,089 2,960 2,428 1,695 1,151

742 457 227 144 65 44 13 6 4 12 1

20,594

$0.715

Per cent based on -

Actual-


ing lunch

Time in mine, includ

ing lunch and

travel

259

1214141310753211(*)(»)0)0)(!)<1)

00)8

Cumulative—


ing lunch

Time in mine,

including

lunch and

travel

979899 99

2 100 2 1 00 2100 2100

100

92 95 97 99 99

2 100 2100 2100 2 100 2100 2100

100

Miners, machine (cutters) (464 establishments)

Number based on—


ing lunch

Time in mine,

including

lunch and

travel

53178

3093084354714855655875744233513072851971641382973312

6,055 $1.195

4316036643045452865655765246938431827721516112996

12818

6,055 $1.101

Per cent based o n -

Actual—


ing lunch

Time in mine, includ

ing lunch and

travel

0)

C1)

0)

65543222

8

Cumulative—


ing lunch

Time in mine,

including

lunch and

travel

0) 1 2 7 12

19 27 35 44 54 64 71 76 81 86 89 92 94 99

2 100 100

0)101724334453647178

91949697

2100 2 100

100

i Less than one-half of 1 per cent. * This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.

CLASSIFIED

AVERAGE E

AR

NIN

GS


Time workers.—Table 4 shows the percentage (actual and cumulative) of employees whose average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, for each of 6 specified occupations inside the mine and of 2 outside the mine. The employees in these occupations are considered next in importance to hand loaders, pick or hand miners, and machine miners. The data for the 6 inside occupations cover 29,006 employees and for the 2 outside occupations cover 9,422 employees, a total of 38,428, or 26 per cent of the total number of bituminous employees included in the 1926 study.

The actual percentages show two distinctive groups of employees— one consisting of a considerable percentage of employees at an average earning of 50 and under 60 cents per hour and the other of a much larger percentage (excepting carpenters and laborers) at an average of 90 cents and under $1 per hour. This is due, as can be seen in General Table D, page 37, to differences in averages in different States.



T a b l e 4 .— Per cent of employees in each specified occupation whose hourly earnings were within each classified amount, 1926

Classified earnings per hour

Brakemen, inside mine

Bratticemen and timbermen, inside

mineDrivers,

inside mineLaborers,

inside mineMotormen, inside mine

Trackmen, inside mine

Carpenters and car-repair men, outside mine

Laborers, outside mine

Per cent Per cent Per cent Per cent Per cent Pear cent Per cent Percent

Actual Cumulative Actual Cumu

lative Actual Cumulative Actual Cumu



lative

Under 30 cents................................................19241155

320

® 42347586368

U00100

0) 27

22 178 2

431

® .8

3047555799

2100

(\5

221852

380

15 37 55 60 62

2 100 100

1112226575

230

11133 60 65 72 77

2 100 2 100

6321661

36

8

0 28

40576364

2 100 2 100

100

618232152

214

0

6254769737696

>100100

30 and under 40 cents.....................................40 and under 50 cents.....................................50 and under 60 cents.....................................60 and under 70 cents.....................................70 and under 80 cents............................ ........80 and under 90 cents....................................90 cents and under $l...... ............................$1 and under $1.10..........................................$1.10 and under $1.20.....................................

25

311872

2212

0

27

38 57 63 65 88

2 100 2 100

416251999

181

419 45 63 72 81 99

2 100$1.20 and under $1.30............ ........................ 0

02 100

100I 0 100$1.30 and under $1.40..................................... 0 100 0)

02 100

100$1.40 and under $1.50......................................1 1 ‘ "’ 1 .........

1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent. * This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.

CLASSIFIED

AVEllAGE E

AftN

ING

S



REGULAR OR BASIC HOURS PER DAY AND PER WEEK

The number of hours of work per day and per week of time workers at the 556 bituminous mines included in this report are fixed by a specified time for beginning work on each working-day of the week, for the midday lunch or dinner, and for quitting work in the afternoon. The vast majority of the time workers at these mines begin work at 6.30, 7, or 7.30 a. m., work 43^ or 5 hours in the morning, take 30 minutes for lunch, work 3 or 3J^ hours in the afternoon, and quit work at or near 3.30 p. m. The regular or basic hours of work of these employees are therefore 8 per day and 48 per week, exclusive of lunch time. Some of the pump men, engineers, motormen, drivers, and cagers, and a few employees in some of the other occupations work at times or whenever necessary more than 8 hours per day, and in several occupations some work on Sunday. The Sunday work and the time in excess of 8 hours per day is paid for at the regular rate.

The hours of tonnage or piece workers are presumed or expected to be approximately the same as those of the time workers, but in actual practice their hours are usually more or less irregular. Some tonnage workers enter the mines as early as 6 or 6.30 a. m., begin work immediately on arrival at the face, and work throughout the day, eating their lunch while waiting for mine cars or material; some quit for the day at or near noon; while others enter the mines around or after 7 a. m., take as much time for lunch as they desire, and often quit work before the mine as a whole ceases operation.

The United States Bureau of Mines1 reports a total of 619,604 bituminous coal mine employees of 7,586 mines in 1924, and of these employees 575,028, at 6,250 mines, as having the regular or basic 8-hour day. The 8-hour day in bituminous mining has been in effect in a very large per cent of the mines in the United States for more than 25 years. Section 5 of the Chicago (January 28, 1898) agreement between the miners and operators of the central competitive field states: “ That on and after April 1, 1898, the 8-hour workday, with 8 hours’ pay, consisting of 6 days per week, shall be in effect in all the districts represented, and that uniform wages for day labor shall be paid the different prices of labor in the fields named.”

The data in Table 5 on basic or regular hours per day for each of the years from 1903 to 1924 are as reported by the Bureau of Mines.1 From these figures it is seen that the general trend has been to the 8-hour day. The 8-hour-day mines employed 56.4 per cent of the total number of wage earners in bituminous coal mining in 1903. This percentage increased to 64 in 1907, decreased to 58.6 in 1916, increased to 79 in 1917, to 90.6 in 1918, to 95.5 in 1919, to 97.1 in 1920, the highest percentage during the period, and then decreased from year to year to 93.7 per cent in 1924.

The percentage of employees in 9-hour-day mines decreased from17.1 in 1903 to 2.0 in 1920, and increased to 5.1 in 1924.

1 United States. Department of Commerce. Bureau of Mines. Coal in 1924. Washington, 1927, p.


INCREASES IN WAGE RATES 11The percentage of employees in 10-hour-day mines decreased from

26.5 in 1903 to 0.9 in 1920, and to 0.5 in 1921, and increased to 1.2 in 1 9 2 4 *Weighted average hours per day for all bituminous employees decreased from 8.7 in 1903 to 8.04 in 1920 and 1921, and increased to 8.08 per day in 1924.

T a b le 5.— Percentage of men employed in bituminous coal mines that had an established working day of 8 , 9y or 10 hours, 1903 to 192Ij. 1

Year

1903.1904.1905.1906.1907.1908.1910.1911.1912.1913.1914.

Per cent of total employees in—

8-hourmines

56.4 62.1 61.163.064.063.562.162.961.661.9 60.7

9-hourmines

17.113.8 13.613.511.611.111.310.9 11.5 15.215.4

10-hourmines

26.624.125.323.524.425.426.626.226.922.923.9

Weightedaverageworking

day(hours)

8.78.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.68.6

Year

1915.1916.1917.1918.1919.1920.1921.1922.1923.1924.

Per cent of total employees in—

8-hourmines

59.658.679.090.695.597.196.695.194.793.7

9-hourmines

17.017.412.66.73.52.02.94.0 4.25.1

10-hourmines

23.424.08.42.71.0.9.5.91.11.2

Weightedaverageworking

day(hours)

8.608.608.308.128.068.048.04 8.06 8.06 8.08

1 Percentages are calculated on base of total number of men in mines definitely reported as having an 8-hour, 9-hour, or 10-hour day. A small number of mines that work more than 10 hours or less than 8 hours have been excluded, as have also all mines for which the reports were defective or which changed their working day during the year.

INCREASES IN WAGE RATES BETWEEN OCTOBER 15 AND DECEMBER 31, 1926

As a result of the coal strike in England in 1926 there was an unusual demand for coal from bituminous coal mining companies in the United States. This demand resulted in temporary increases in wage rates between October 15 and December 31, 1926, at 289 of the 556 mines for which data are presented in this report. The increases in nearly all cases continued in effect for only a short time, when the rates were reduced to those in effect prior to the increase. The increases by mines and States range from 5 to 40 per cent at 58 mines in Kentucky, 15 to 25 per cent at 3 in Ohio, 20 to 50 per cent at 86 in Pennsylvania, 20 or 25 per cent at 12 in Tennessee, 10, 20, 25, or 30 per cent at 21 in Virginia, and from 10 to 50 per cent at 109 mines in West Virginia.

Wage rates were not increased during this period at 36 mines in Alabama, 17 in Colorado, 39 in Illinois, 17 in Indiana, 11 in Kansas, 28 in Kentucky, 42 in Ohio, 65 in Pennsylvania, 2 in Tennessee, 1 in Virginia, and 9 in West Virginia.

The earnings in this report are based on the rates in effect prior to the temporary increases between October 15 and December 31. Earnings from mines for a period later than the date of the increases were adjusted so as to show equivalent earnings prior to the increases. This action was taken so as to put all mines on a comparable basis and to show earnings for the rates that were in. effect the greater part of 1926.


CLASSIFIED HOURS IN HALF MONTH

Table 6 shows for 1926 the actual and cumulative percentages of employees whose hours in the half month were within each classified number of hours for each of nine of the most important underground or inside occupations and two of the most important surface or outside occupations in bituminous coal mining. Hand loaders, hand or pick miners, and machine miners are tonnage workers. Their hours are the total time in mines, including time for lunch and time of travel in the mines. The employees in the other occupations are time workers, and their hours are actual time at work exclusive of time for lunch and time of travel in mines. For similar classifications of employees in these occupations in each State see Table E, page 39.

Reading the actual percentages for brakemen in the table, it is seen that the hours in the half month of 9 per cent of them were 80 and under 88; of 13 per cent, 88 and under 96; of 15 per cent, 96 and under 104; and of 14 per cent, 104 and under 112. Approximately 50 per cent of the employees in most of the other occupations in the table are in these four groups. Except in a few cases less than 10 per cent of the employees of any of the occupations are found in any of the other groups.

The cumulative percentages in the table show that 70 per cent of the brakemen, 62 per cent of the bratticemen and timbermen, 71 per cent of the drivers, 72 per cent of the laborers inside mine, 57 per cent of the motormen, 60 per cent of the trackmen, 49 per cent of the carpenters, 58 per cent of the laborers outside mine, 77 per cent of the hand loaders, 57 per cent of the machine miners, and 73 per cent of the hand or pick miners worked less than 104 hours in the half month. Thus, it is seen that a larger percentage of the hand loaders and of the hand or pick miners, even with the inclusion of time for lunch and time of travel in the mine, worked fewer hours in the half month than the employees in any of the other occupations.



62411

T a b l e 6 .— Per cent of employees in each specified occupation whose hours in half month were within each classified number of hours, 1926

Classified hours in half month

Brakemen,! inside mine

Bratticemen and timbermen,! inside

mineDrivers,*

inside mineLaborers,!

inside mineMotormen,! inside mine

Trackmen,! inside mine

Carpenters and car-

repair men,2 outside mine

Laborers,2 outside mine

Loaders,* hand, inside mine

Miners,8 machine,

inside mine

Miners,3 hand or

pick, inside mine

Per cent

Actual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lativeActual

Cumu

lative

Under 8 hours_____________ 1 1 (4) (4 )« (4) (4) 1 1 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 1 1 (4) (*) (4) (4)8 and under 16........................ 3 4 2 2 3 3 5 7 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 2 3 2 2 1 216 and under 24 hours___ 2 6 1 3 2 6 4 11 2 4 2 4 1 2 2 5 3 5 2 4 2 424 and under 32 hours___ 3 8 2 6 2 8 3 14 1 5 2 5 2 4 2 6 3 8 2 5 2 632 and under 40 hours___ 3 11 2 7 2 9 3 17 1 6 2 7 1 5 2 8 3 11 1 7 3 840 and under 48 hours___ 3 14 2 9 2 12 3 20 1 8 2 9 1 6 2 10 4 16 3 10 3 1148 and under 56 hours___ 3 i 17 2 11 3 14 4 23 2 10 2 11 2 8 3 13 5 20 2 12 4 1556 and under 64 hours____ 4 21 4 15 5 19 4 28 2 12 3 14 3 11 3 16 6 26 3 15 5 2064 and under 72 hours___ 5 27 4 19 5 24 5 33 4 16 5 19 3 14 4 20 8 34 5 21 8 2872 and under 80 hours____ 6 33 6 26 7 31 6 39 5 21 5 24 4 18 5 25 9 43 7 27 11 3980 and under 88 hours____ 9 42 9 34 10 41 8 48 8 29 7 31 6 24 7 33 10 53 8 35 10 4988 and under 96 hours____ 13 55 11 45 14 55 11 59 11 41 12 44 10 34 10 43 12 65 10 45 12 6196 and under 104 hours... 15 70 17 62 17 71 13 72 16 57 17 60 15 49 15 58 12 77 11 57 12 73104 and under 112 hours.. 14 84 17 80 16 87 13 85 17 73 15 76 18 67 15 73 10 87 15 71 12 86112 and under 120 hours.. 8 92 10 89 7 94 7 92 11 84 11 87 14 82 11 84 7 95 13 84 8 94120 and under 128 hours.. 4 95 5 94 3 97 4 96 7 91 6 93 8 90 6 90 4 99 9 93 5 99128 and under 136 hours.. 2 98 3 97 1 99 2 98 4 95 3 96 5 95 4 95 1 *100 3 96 1 99136 and under 144 hours.. 1 99 2 98 1 99 1 99 2 97 2 98 2 97 2 97 (<) *100 2 98 1 *100144 and under 152 hours.. (4) 99 1 99 (<) *100 1 99 1 99 1 99 2 98 1 98 (4) *100 1 99 (4) «100152 and under 160 hours.. (<) *100 1 *100 (4) *100 (<) *100 1 99 (4) *100 1 99 1 99 (4) *100 1 99 (4) 100160 and under 168 hours.. (4) *100 (<) MOO (*) *100 (*) *100 (4) *100 (4) *100 (4) *100 C4) 99 (4) * 100 (4) * 100168 and under 176 hours.. 176 and under 184 hours.. 184 and under 192 hours

(4)(4)

«100100

(4)8

*100 «100

1004)

1

*100*100*100

100

(4)(4)8

*100*100*100

100

(4)(4)(4)

*100 * 100

100(4) *100 (4)

(4)*100*100

(<!

w

99*100*100

100

(4)(4)8

*100*100*100

100

(4)(4)8

*100*100*100

100(4)(4)

*100100192 hours and over........... (4) 100

11 The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked or time at face, exclusive of travel time and lunch time.3 The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked.* The hours for this occupation are total time in mine, including hours actually worked, travel time in mine, and lunch time.* Less than one-half of 1 per cent.4 This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.

V-1CO

CLA

SSIFIED

H

OU

RS


CLASSIFIED EARNINGS IN HALF MONTH

Actual and cumulative percentages of employees whose earnings in the half month were within each classified amount are presented in Table 7 for the same occupations for which classified hours are shown in Table 6. For similar classification of employees in these occupations in each State see Table F (p. 45).

Table 6 in effect shows the number of hours worked or on duty in the half month and Table 7 shows the amount of money earned in those hours. Employees who lost time or worked short time in the half month on account of sickness or other causes and whose hours in the half month were consequently few in number, of course earned a small amount of money in the half month and are therefore in the lowest groups of classified earnings in the half month.

In Table 7 it is seen that in the half month 27 per cent of the brakemen, 15 per cent of the bratticemen and timbermen, 24 per cent of the drivers, 39 per cent of the laborers inside, 13 per cent of the motormen, 17 per cent of the trackmen, 14 per cent of the carpenters, 37 per cent of the laborers outside, 31 per cent of the hand loaders, 9 per cent of the machine miners, and 25 per cent of the hand or pick miners earned less than $40 in the half month pay-roll period covered in 1926. These figures show that a smallerf>er cent of machine miners and a larger per cent of inside and outside aborers earned less than $40 in the half month. Only 3 per cent

of the laborers, both inside and outside, earned $100 or over during the half month pay period, while 49 per cent of the machine miners earned $100 or over during the period. From 7 to 12 per cent of the employees in the other occupations earned $100 or over during the half month.



T a b le 7 .— Per cent of employees in each specified occupation whose earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1926

Classified earnings in half month

Under $5................. .$6 and under $10___$10 and under $15._.$15 and under $20___$20 and under $25... $25 and under $30... $30 and under $35... $35 and under $40... $40 and under $45.. _ $45 and under $50. . . $50 and under $55... $55 and under $60... $60 and under $65... $65 and under $70... $70 and under $75... $75 and under $80... $80 and under $90... $90 and under $100.. $100 and under $110. $110 and under $120. $120 and under $140. $140 and under $160. $160 and under $180. $180 and under $200. $200 and under $220. $220 and under $240. $240 and under $280. $260 and under $280. $280 and under $300. $300 and over...........

Brakemen, inside mine

Bratticemen and timber-

men, inside mine

Drivers, inside mine

Laborers, inside mine

Motormen, inside mine

Trackmen, inside mine

Carpenters, and car-

repair men, outside mine

Laborers, outside mine

Loaders, hand,

inside mineMiners,

machine, inside mine

Miners, hand or pick, inside mine

Per cent

Actual

Cumulative

257

1013 17 21 27 33 42 49 55 62 67 72 77 85 93 97 99 I

2 100 ICO

Actual

Cumulative

12112234 4 6 8 6 8 8 6 6

1114421

0)

404855616778929799

2 100100

Actual

Cumulative

2223456 6 7 7 7 7 6 5 9

10421

0)2 100

300

Actual

Cumulative

5544456 7 778 7 5 4 44 75 2 1

0)(»)0)

4653 61 68 72 76 81 85 92 97 99

2 100 2 100 2 100

Actual

Cumulative

121121234 6 8 8 9 7 7 6

10105 4 2

0)

79 88 94 97

2100 100

Actual

Cumulative

1212223457 98 8 756

10 31531

0)0)

13468

10 12 17 22 29 37 45 53 60 65 70 80 92 96 99

2 300 2 100

Actual

Cumulative

0)112

378

10 10777 6 984 3 1

0)100

0) 235

74

3 100 100

Actual

Cumulative

23234 6 8 9 9 8 8 65 5 4 4 8 4 2 1

0)0)

67 73 77 81 85 93 97 99 99

2100 100

Actual

Cumulative

23334556 7 7 6 6 6 5 54 75 4 3 3

0)0)0)0)

2 5 7

11 15 19 25 31 37 44 50 57 62 68 73 77 85 90 94 97 99

2 100 2 100 2100

100

Actual

Cumulative

(0 23456 7 9

101215182225293343515966798994979899 99

2 100 2 100

100

Actual

Cumulative

1358

111519253137445158657176859296

2100 2100 2100

100

1 Le ss than one-half of 1 per cent. 2 This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.

CLASSIFIE

D

EA

RN

ING

S


AVERAGES FOR MINERS AND LOADERS, BY STATES

Average starts, or calendar days, in the half month, average hours in half month and per start, average earnings per hour, per start, and in the half month, average days of operation in 1926, and estimated possible average annual earnings are presented in Table 8 for miners and loaders of each of the 11 States included in the 1926 study and for all of the 11 States combined.

Miners and loaders, as here used, include 66,414 hand loaders, 20,594 hand or pick miners, 6,055 machine miners, 1,065 gang miners, 882 machine miners’ (cutters’), helpers, 694 contract loaders, and 806 machine loaders, or a total of 96,010.

Average starts, or calendar days, in the half month in 1926 for each State were obtained by dividing the total number of starts made in the half month by all miners and loaders by the number of such miners and loaders. All States combined average 9.5 starts or days, in the half month, and the averages by States range from 8.5 for Tennessee to 10.2 for Colorado.

Average hours in the half month for each State were obtained by dividing the total number of hours at face or places of work in the mines, including time for lunch, or the total number of hours in mine, including time for lunch and time of travel, of all miners and loaders by the total number of such miners and loaders. All States combined, based on time at face including time for lunch, average 75.4 hours, and the averages by States range from 67.2 hours for Tennessee to 80.4 hours for Pennsylvania.

Average hours per start or day for each State were obtained by dividing the total number of hours at face including time for lunch or the total number of hours in mine including time for lunch and time of travel of all miners and loaders by the total number of starts made by them in the half month. All States combined based on time at face including time for lunch average 7.9 hours per start, and the averages by States range from 7.2 hours per start for Indiana, Kansas, and West Virginia to 8.6 hours per start for Alabama.

Average earnings per hour for each State were obtained by dividing the total earnings of all miners and loaders in the half month by the total number of hours at the face, including time for lunch, or by the total hours in mine including time for lunch and time of travel in the half month. All States combined based on time at face including lunch average 81.7 cents per hour and the averages by States range from 44.1 cents for Tennessee to $1,134 for Indiana.

Average earnings in the half month for each State were obtained by dividing the total earnings of all miners and loaders by the number of such miners and loaders. All States combined average $61.61, and the averages by States range from $29.63 forTennessee to $84.76 for Illinois.

Average earnings per start for each State were obtained by dividing the total earnings of all miners and loaders in the half month by the total number of starts made by them in the half month. All States combined average $6.46 per start or day, and the averages by States range from $3.49 for Tennessee to $8.90 for Illinois.

The days of operation in the calendar year 1926 for all mines in each State are the days as reported by the United States Bureau of Mines for that year, weighted by the total number of employees in all occupations of each mine. The 11 States combined average 214



IN D E X N U M BE K OF TON N AGE RATES 17days in the calendar year. The averages for the States range from 158 days for Kansas to 266 days for Alabama. The method of computing the aggregate average (214 days) is explained in footnote 3 to Table 8. The average for all bituminous mines in the United States as reported by the Bureau of Mines for the calendar year 1926 is 215 days.

The estimated possible average annual earnings of miners and loaders based on average earnings per start and average days of operation in 1926, for the 96,010 miners and loaders of the 556 mines in the 11 States included in this report are $1,382, and the averages by States range from $817 for Tennessee to $1,531 for Illinois.T a b l e 8.— Number of miners and loaders, average starts, average hours in half

month and per start, average earnings, per hour, per starty and per half month pay period, days of operation in year of dll mines} and estimated possible annual earnings, 1926, by States

State

Number of—

Aver

age

starts

in

half

mon

th

cove

red

Average hours— Average earnings—

Aver

age

days

of

oper

ation

in

ye

ar,

all m

ines

in

Stat

e1Es

timat

ed

poss

ible

aver

age

year

ly ea

rnmg

s of

mine

rs a

nd

loade

rs, a

ll mi

nes

in St

ate2

Min

es c

over

ed b

y bu

reau

Min

ers

and

load

ers

In half month,

based on—Per start,

based on—Per hour,

based on—

In ha

lf m

onth

pa

y pe

riod

Per

star

t

Time

at

face

, in

clud

ing

i lu

nch

Tim

einm

ine

Time

at

face

, in

clud

ing

lunc

h

Tim

einm

ine

Time

at

face

, in

clud

ing

lunc

h

Tim

einm

ine

Alabama.............. 3e! 5,230 9.0 77.2 85.1 8.6 9.5 $0,530 $0,481 $40.92 $4.57 266 $1,216Colorado.............. 17! 2,318 10.2 79.8 87.8 7.9 8.6 .804 .730 64.12 6.31 202 1,275Illinois.................. 39 16,945 9.5 77.1 84.8 8.1 8.9 1.100 .999 84.76 8.90 172 1,531Indiana.............. 17, 3,052 9.7 70.2 75.4 7.2 7.8 1.134 1.055 79.61 8.20 173 1,419Kansas................. 11 1,749 9.4 67.4 71.7 7.2 7.7 .809 .761 54.53 5.83 158 921Kentucky............ 86 11,762 9.1 71.8 76.5 7.9 8.4 .656 .616 47.09 5.18 230 1,191Ohio..................... 45 7,600 9.4 72.9 79.1 7.8 8.5 .861 .793 62.77 6.71 159 1,067Pennsylvania....... 151 29,821 9.9 80.4 88.1 8.2 8.9 .759 .693 61.03 6.18 224 1,384Tennessee............ 14i 1,271 8.5 67.2 72.5 7.9 8.5 .441 .409 29.63 3.49 234 817Virginia................ 22! 2,227 9.2 73.6 78.9 8.0 &6 .629 .587 46.30 5.04 263 1,326West Virginia___ 118! 14,035 9.6 69.1 75.3 7.2 7.9 .811 .743 56.00 5.85 247 1,445

Total.......... 5561 96,010 9.5 75.4 82.2 7.9 8.6 .817 .749 61.61 6.46 *214 1,382

1 The figures for each State are as reported by the United States Bureau of Mines.2 Computed by multiplying the average earnings per start by the average days of operation.8 This average is for the States included in this table, with the days of operation in each State weighted

by the number of miners and loaders shown in the table.

INDEX NUMBERS OF TONNAGE RATES OF HAND LOADERS AND HAND OR PICK MINERS IN HOCKING VALLEY DISTRICTIn number of employees and in work performed hand loaders and

hand or pick miners are the basic occupations in bituminous mining. The 66,414 hand loaders and 20,594 hand or pick miners together represent 58.7 per cent of the total of 148,155 employees of the 556 mines covered in the 1926 study.

Hand loaders and hand or pick miners are paid on the tonnage basis, and practically no data are available either as to hours per day or as to earnings per hour. The employees in these two occupations as a rule pay for the explosives used by them in blasting the coal from the seams and for the sharpening of their tools. Index numbers based on average net earnings per hour for a period of years could not, therefore, be computed for these occupations.

Loading rates per ton of 2,000 pounds in rooms with hand drilling and hand or pick mining rates per ton of 2,000 pounds of run of mine for each of the years 1902 to 1924, as given in the Thirty-Two Years'


Record of Hocking Valley Mining in the 1926 agreement between the miners and operators of the Hocking Valley district of Ohio, have been used in computing index numbers for these two occupations, with the 1902 rate as the base or 100. “ Run of mine” is coal as it comes from the mines, including the various sizes of “ lump” and “ slack.” The Hocking Valley district is subdistrict No. 1 of district No. 6 of the United Mine Workers of America. The rates entered in Table 9 for hand or pick mining are, as stated in the “ New York, N. Y., March 31, 1920, interstate agreement between the miners and the operators of western Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, for the thin-vein district of western Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio, Hocking, Cambridge, and Amsterdam-Bergholz district of Ohio.”

Inasmuch as loaders and hand or pick miners have usually paid for explosives and tool sharpening from the amounts earned by them at their tonnage rates, and as the cost of such explosives may not have changed in the same proportion as the tonnage rates have changed, the index numbers in Table 9 do not represent exact net average earnings per hour. They do, however, show the exact trend of tonnage rates in the Hocking Valley district, and it is believed that they also represent very nearly the trend in average earnings per hour.

T a b l e 9.— Periods of wage agreements, tonnage rates, and index numbers thereof for hand loaders and hand or pick miners, 1902 to 1927

18 BITUMINOUS COAL MINING*

[1902 rate=lG0.00.]

Period of wage agreement

Hand loaders’ tonnage rate in rooms with hand drilling

Hand or pick miners' tonnage rate for run of mine

Amount Indexnumber Amount Index

number

Apr 1,1902, to Mar. 31, 1903............................ ...... ........ $0.4400 100.00 $0.5714 100.00Apr. 1,1903, to Mar. 31, 1904............... ...... ..................... . 5100 115.91 .6429 112.51Apr. 1, 1904, to Mar. 31, 1905............... ......... .................. . 48G0 109.09 .6071 106.25Apr. 1,1905, to Mar. 31,1906........................................... .4800 109.09 .6071 106.25Apr. 1, 1906, to Mar. 31, 1907___________________ ____ .5135 116. 70 .6429 112.51Apr. 1,1907, to Mar. 31, 1908.......................... ............... . 5135 116. 70 .6429 112.51Apr. 1, 1908, to Mar. 31, 1909.......................................... .5135 116. 70 .6429 112.51Apr. 1, 1909, to Mar. 31,1910.......................................... .5135 116. 70 .6429 112. 51Apr. 1,1910, to Mar. 31,1911......... .................................. .5470 124.32 .6785 118. 74Apr. 1,1911, to Mar. 31,1912........................................... .5470 124.32 .6785 118. 74Apr. 1,1912, to Mar. 31,1913........................... ................ .5850 132. 95 . 7143 125.01Apr. 1,1913, to July 15,1914.......... ................................. . 5850 132. 95 . 7143 125.01July 16,1914, to Mar. 31,1915......................................... .4000 90. 91 .6760 118. 31Apr. 1,1915, to M r . 31,1910.......................................... .4000 90. 91 .6760 118.31Apr. 1,1916, to Apr. 15, 1917.......................................... .4280 96.82 .6764 118.38Apr. 16,1917, to Oct. 29,1917.......... .............................. .5110 116.14 .7764 135. 88Oct. 29,1917, to Mar. 31,1918.......................................... .5960 135.45 .8764 153.38Apr. 1,1918, to Mar. 31,1919......................... . 5960 135.45 .8764 153. 38Apr. 1,1919, to Dec. 1,1919............................................. .5960 135.45 .8764 153.38Dec. 1,1919, to Mar. 31,1920........................................ . .6900 156. 82 .9864 172. 63Apr. 1, 1920, to Mar. 31,1921......... .................................. . 8000 181.82 1.1164 195. 38Apr. 1,1921, to Mar. 31, 1922............................. ............ . 8C00 181. 82 1.1164 195. 38Apr. 1,1922, to Mar. 31,1923........................................... . 8000 181. 82 1.1161 195. 38Apr. 1,1923, to Mar. 31,1924................. ......................... .8000 181.82 1.11C4 195.38Apr. 1, 1924, to Mar. 31, 1925.......................................... l. 8000 1181. 82 11.1164 1195.38Apr. 1, 1925, to Mar. 31, 1926........................................... K 8000 1181.82 11.1164 1195.38Apr. 1, 1926, to Mar. 31, 1927___________ _____ _____ _ *. 8000 1181. 82 11.1164 1195.38

1 Renewed by Jacksonville agreement.

CLASSIFIED STARTS (DAYS) IN HALF MONTH

The number of starts, or calendar days, on which employees were on duty or did any work in the half month were obtained for each of the 148,155 bituminous mine workers covered by the 1926 study and are presented by percentages in Table 10. If a man were on


Cl a s s if ie d s t a r t s (d a y s ) 19duty any part of a day he was reported as having made a start or worked on that day. The table shows for each occupation the average number of starts, or days, per man and the per cent of employees who were reported as having worked each specified number of starts or days in the half month. For similar classification of employees in each occupation and in each State see Table G (p. 50).

The officials of nearly every mine reported some employees as having worked on fewer than the number of days the mine was in operation in the half month in 1926 for which data were reported and as having lost one or more days of work on account of sickness or other disability, voluntary absence, leaving the service, or of mine disability, slack business, or other causes. The starts, or days, so lost account in part for the per cent of employees who are shown as having worked less than 11, 12, 13, or 14 days.

A record of hours per day or in the half month of tonnage workers is kept by only a very small per cent of the companies in the coal industry. It was therefore not possible to obtain data as to days and hours from all companies for an iden tical half month. It should, therefore, be borne in mind in studying the figures that the week days in the different half months taken were 11, 12, 13, or 14. While in nearly all occupations some employees are shown as having made more, this is because they worked on Sunday as well as week days.T a b l e 10.— Per cent of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in

half-month, 1926, by occupation

Occupation

INSIDE WORKBrakemen............Bratticemen and

timbermen____Cagers.........Drivers_________Laborers________Loaders, contract.Loaders, hand___Loaders, machine.Miners, gang____Miners, hand or

pick................. .Miners, machine

(cutters).......... .Miners’ , machine

(cutters’), helpersMotormen______Pump men_____Trackmen............Trappers (boys).. Other employees..

Total..OUTSIDE WORE'

Blacksmiths........Carpenters and

car-repair men..Engineers............Laborers..............Other employees..

Total..........Grand total.

Num-Num- ber of

Aver- Per cent of employees whose starts (days on which they worked) in the half month were—

Der oi mines

employees

ber of starts (days) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

518 4,368 9.9 3 2 2 3 3 4 4 6 8 10 13 18 20 3 1 (0484 2,800 10.8 2 1 2 2 2 2 4 4 6 9 11 17 27 7 4 (l)188 414 11.1 0) 1 2 2 0) 2 2 6 7 9 11 18 25 8 4 1320 4,530 10.2 3 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 7 10 14 18 22 3 2 0)500 8,823 9.4 6 4 3 3 3 4 4 6 7 8 11 15 19 4 2 0)61 694 10.1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 6 11 13 18 15 21 0)488 66,414 9.4 2 2 2 3 4 4 6 8 10 13 15 18 12 T )" 0)2332

3061,065

9.99.5

11

12

32

22

42

33

66

1113

710

1418

1412

1617

1411

5 1 —

254 20,594 9.8 1 2 2 2 2 4 5 7 12 15 17 18 13 1 0) . . .464 6,055 10.3 2 2 2 1 3 2 4 6 7 10 14 22 24 1 (9 —

151 882 8.8 9 4 3 3 4 2 5 8 6 11 12 16 16(il

0)520 4,239 10.8 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 4 6 9 13 19 28 3 0)402 1,0814,246

12.7 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 4 5 9 19 10 31 10554 10.8 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 5 6 7 13 18 26 7 5 Q)207 693 9.9 2 2 2 2 3 4 6 6 7 9 13 21 20 1 1 C1)522 5,745 11.3 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 7 10 14 32 8 8 1556 132,949 9.8 2 2 2 2 3 !! 4 5 7 9 12 14 18 16 2 1 <9===== = = = = = — 1—

540 909 11.9 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 5 9 16 37 13 6 1484 1,545 11.4 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 4 5 6 11 17 33 8 5 1320 674 13.3 1 0) (0 0) (0 1 1 2 1 3 6 8 24 9 35 9550 7,877 10.7 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 5 6 8 12 19 27 6 3 1540 4,201 12.1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 5 7 12 33 9 15 4556 15,206 | 11.3 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 6 10 16 30 7 8 2556 148,155 |~ < u T ~2~ 2 2 2 3 4 5 7 8 11 14 18 1 18 2 2 0)

* Less than one-half of 1 per cent.


2 0 BITUMINOUS COAL MINING

NUMBER OF MINES, PRODUCTION, AND WAGE EARNERS, 1926

Bituminous or soft coal is mined in 31 States and Alaska. Table 11 shows for each of the 11 States covered in this study and for all States combined the number of mines, the number of net tons of coal produced, and the number of wage earners in the bituminous industry in 1925, mid the number of wage earners for which 1926 data are presented in this report. Approximately 93 per cent of the total production and nearly 91 (90.8) per cent of the total number of wage earners were in the 11 States. The 156,798 wage earners in the 1,974 mines in Pennsylvania produced 136,928,019 net tons of coal in 1925, and 1926 data are presented in this report for 43,693 Pennsylvania wage earners.

T a b l e 11.— Number of bituminous mines {exclusive of wagon mines), production, number of employees, and number of employees covered in 1926, by States

Number of wage earners

StateNumber

of mines1

Total production (tons)1

Total1For which data are

presented in this report

Pennsylvania..............West Virginia.............Illinois........................Kentucky.................. .Olro........................... .Alabama.................... .Indiana...................... .Virginia.......................Colorado.................... .Tennessee.................. .

sas....................... .Total, 11 States. Total, all States.

136,928,019 122,380,959 66,909,359 65,068,670 28,034,112 20,004,395 21,224,966 12.799,443 10,310,551 5,454,011 4,524,251

6,0187,144

483,638,736 520,052,711

156,798 110,189 77,823 57,024 39,658 27,097 22,732 13,677 13,203 8,314 7,800

534,315588,493

43,693 24,604 23,555 20,024 10,817 9,078 4,469 4,034 3,616 2,092 2,173

148,155

i United States Bureau of Mines figures, 1925.

IMPORTANCE OF BITUMINOUS COAL MINING, 1914 TO 1925

Table 12, compiled from Coal in 1924 1 and from the 1925 preliminary reports as published by the United States Bureau of Mines, indicates the importance and growth of bituminous mining in number of employees, net tons (2,000 pounds) of coal produced value of total production, and value per net ton at mines in each of the years 1914 to 1925. Index numbers based on these figures with the 1914 figures taken as the base or 100 per cent are also shown in the table.

The number of employees decreased from 583,506, or an index of 100, in 1914 to 557,456, or an index of 95.5, in 1915; increased each year to a maximum of 704,793, or an index of 120.8, in 1923; and then dropped to 619,604 in 1924, and to 588,493 employees, or an index of 100.9, in 1925.

The average number of days mines were in operation during the period ranged from 142 days in 1922 to 249 in 1918. The very low average in 1922 was due largely to the strike of 603,031 men who,

* United States. Department of Commerce. Bureau of Mines. Coal, 1924. Washington, 1927.


OCCUPATIONS IN THE INDUSTRY 21because of the strike, were idle an average of 122 days per man. The average of 149 days in 1921 was caused by the depression in the coal industry in that year when production was 415,921,950 tons, or less than in any other year from 1914 to 1925.

The value of coal at the mines increased from an average of $1.17 per net ton, or an index of 100, in 1914, to $3.75 per ton, or an index of 320.5, in 1920; decreased to $2.89 in 1921; increased to $3.02 in 1922; decreased to $2.68 in 1923, to $2.20 in 1924, and to $2.04, or an index of 174.4 in 1925.

T a b l e 12.— Number of employees, average number of days in operation, net tons minedr and value of total production and per ton at mines, and index numbers thereof, 1914 to 1925, by year

[1914 average=100]

YearNumber of em

ployees

Average

number of days

mines were

in operation

Net tons produced

Value at mine

Total production Perton

Number of em-

ploy-

Index numbers of—

Average

number of days

mines were

in operation

Nettonspro

duced

Value at mine

Totalproduction

Perton

1914..1915.. 1916-1917..1918..1919..1920..1921.. 1922 1. 19231. 1924 2. 1925».

583,506 557,456 561,102 603,143 615,305 621,998 639,547 663,754 687,958 704,793 619,604 588,493

195203230243249195220149142179171195

422,703,970 442,624,426502.519.682 551,790,563 579,385,820 465,860,058568.666.683 415,921,950 422,268,099 564,564,662 483,686,538 520,052,741

$493,309,244 502,037,688 665,116,077

1,249,272,837 1,491,809,940 1,160,616,0132.129.933.000 1,199,983,6001.274.820.0001.514.621.0001.062.626.000 1,060,402,000

n. 17 1.13 1.32 2.26 2.57 2.49 3.75 2.89 3.02 2.68 2.20 2.04

100.095.596,2

103.4105.4 106.6 109.6113.8117.9 120.8 106.2100.9

100.0104.1117.9124.6127.7 100.0112.8 76.472.891.8 87.7

100.0

100.0104.7118.9130.5137.1110.2134.5 1.4 1.9133.6 114.4 123.0

100.0101.8134.8253.2 302.4235.3431.8243.3258.4307.0215.4215.0

100.096.6

112.8193.2219.7212.8 320.5247.0258.1229.1 188.0 174.4

i Including wagon mines. 3 Excluding wagon mines.

OCCUPATIONS IN THE INDUSTRY

The occupations for which data are presented in this bulletin are listed below. For definitions see Bulletin No. 416, pages 90 to 92.Inside work:

Brakemen.Brattice men and timber men. Cagers.Drivers.Laborers.Loaders, contract.Loaders, hand.Loaders, machine.Miners, gang.Miners, hand or pick.Miners, machine (cutters).Minersmachine (cutters'), helpers.

Inside work— Continued.Motormen.Pumpmen.Trackmen.Trappers (boys).Other employees.

Outside work:Blacksmiths.Carpenters and car-repair men. Engineers.Laborers.Other employees.


2 2 BITUMINOUS COAL MINING

GENERAL TABLESIn addition to the text tables already shown, seven general tables

are presented, as follows:T able A.—Average number of starts (days) and average hours

and earnings of miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by occupation and State.

Table B.—Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State.

T able C.— Number of miners and loaders in each State whose average earnings per hour were within each classified amount* 1926, by occupation.

Table D.— Number of employees other than miners and loaders in each State whose average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1926.

Table E.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State who worked each classified number of hours in half month, 1926.

Table F.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whose earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1926.

Table G.—Number of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in half month, 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State.


T a b l e A . — Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by occupation and State

GENERAL TABLES 23

[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per ton or per mine car based uponcontents]

Average

number of starts (days)

in half

month

Average hours Average earnings

Occupation and Year Number of mines

Number of

In half month


based on—Per hour

based on—State em

ployees Time at face, includ

ing lunch

Timein

mine


ing lunch

Timein

mine


ing lunch

Timein

mine

In half month

Perstart

LOADERS, HANDAlabama................. 1922 8 1,535 8.4 69.8 74.9 8.3 8.9 $0,497 $0,464 $34.73 $4.12

1924 32 3,060 7.6 64.8 70.4 8.5 9.3 .492 .454 31.93 4.201926 29 3,070 8.5 74.2 81.4 8.7 9.6 .478 .436 35.47 4.16

Colorado................. 1922 7 445 9.1 69.9 77.5 7.7 8.5 .927 .837 64.84 7.131924 15 1,178 8.0 62.3 66.8 7.8 7.9 .858 .799 53.41 6.651926 15 1,099 10.0 81.2 88.3 8.1 8.8 .789 .726 64.07 6.39

Illinois.................... 1922 17 4,257 8.9 70.7 75.1 8.0 8.5 1.197 1.127 84.58 9.531924 35 10,079 7.6 60.8 66.2 8.0 8.7 1.092 1.003 66.40 8.761926 33 11,511 9.4 77.0 85.1 8.2 9.0 1.078 .976 83.07 8.80

Indiana.................. 1922 8 1,436 8.3 61.7 64.6 7.5 7.8 1.146 1.094 70.65 8.541924 15 2,470 6.0 45.3 47.4 7.5 7.9 1.083 1.034 49.05 8.171926 9 1,602 10.3 72.8 78.1 7.1 7.6 1.116 1.040 81.25 7.90

Kentucky............... 1922 20 2,540 8.6 63.4 67.7 7.3 7.8 .752 .704 47.64 5.511924 78 7,266 8.1 63.2 67.8 7.8 8.4 .693 .646 43.78 5.401926 86 9,904 9.0 69.7 74.2 7.8 8.3 .617 .579 42.98 4.78

Ohio........................ 1922 25 3,119 8.7 65.0 70.9 7.5 8.2 .973 .893 63.32 7.291924 55 6,832 7.7 59.1 64.3 7.7 8.4 .860 .791 50.87 6.631926 45 6,747 9.2 71.6 77.8 7.8 8.4 .817 .752 58.48 6.35

Pennsylvania......... 1922 41 5,650 8.8 68.5 75.4 7.8 8.6 .739 .672 50.64 5.791924 128 19,046 8.9 72.3 78.7 8.1 8.9 .743 .682 53.68 6.051926 130 19,065 9.7 78.7 85.9 8.1 8,8 .711 .651 55.94 5.75

Tennessee............... 1924 17 860 7.5 56.5 60.1 7.6 8.1 .508 .478 28.73 3.851926 10 625 8.3 63.5 68.2 7.7 8.3 .436 .406 27.68 3.35

Virginia.................. 1924 12 1,006 8.2 61.6 65.4 7.5 8.0 .604 .569 37.24 4.531926 21 1,894 9.0 70.9 76.1 7.8 8.4 .597 .556 42.33 4.68

West Virginia......... 1922 42 2,979 8.6 60.2 64.7 7.0 7.5 .904 .841 54.40 6.331924 127 10,139 8.2 56.4 61.4 6.8 7.4 .831 .764 46.91 5.691926 110 10,897 9.4 67.1 73.3 7.1 7.8 .776 .710 52.05 5.51

Total............. 11922 176 22,560 8.7 66.2 71.5 7.7 8.3 .902 .836 59.75 6.901924 514 61,936 8.1 63.3 68.6 7.8 8.5 .811 .748 51.29 6.32

MINERS, HAND OR PICK

1926 488 66,4J4 9.4 73.7 80.3 7.8 8.6 .779 .715 57.48 6.12

Alabama................. 1922 8 785 8.8 66.2 74.8 7.5 8.5 .548 .485 36.28 4.111924 18 1,477 8.3 69.5 75.7 8.4 9.2 .577 .529 40.07 4.841926 17 1,537 9.7 81.8 90.8 8.4 9.3 .540 .486 44.12 4.53

Colorado.......... ...... 1922 6 564 10.2 81.3 90.1 8.0 8.8 .993 .896 80.69 7.901924 11 1,146 7.9 57.4 62.9 7.3 8.0 .929 .847 53.31 6.761926 13 1,103 10.2 77.4 86.4 7.6 8.4 .787 .705 60. 95 5.95

Illinois.................... 1922 11 1,864 10.3 80.3 86.2 7.8 8.4 .865 .806 69.45 6.771924 28 3,921 8.1 62.9 67.6 7.8 8.4 .912 .849 57.38 7.121926 13 3,155 9.8 77.4 84.1 7.9 8.6 .923 .850 71.47 7.32

Indiana................... 1922 7 542 8.0 55.8 59.3 7.0 7.4 .827 .779 46.19 5.751924 12 799 7.1 49.9 53.5 7.0 7.5 1.087 ! 1.014 54.28 7.601926 8 1,146 8.9 65.4 70.7 7.3 7.9 1.047 .969 68.50 7.68

Kansas.................... 1924 9 1,474 9.8 64.0 69.6 6.5 7.1 .901 .829 57.70 5.901926 11 1,749 9.4 67.4 71.7 7.2 7.7 .809 .761 54.53 5.83

Kentucky............... 1922 5 223 8.7 64.5 69.3 7.4 8.0 .825 .768 53.21 6.121924 14 654 8.5 70.9 77.8 8.3 9.1 .776 .707 55.00 6.451926 10 418 10.2 85.0 91.5 8.5 9.1 .647 .601 54.99 5.47

Ohio........................ 1922 3 47 9.8 79.9 86.7 8.1 8.8 .916 .844 73.18 7.461924 2 15 5.5 38.9 44.6 7.1 8.2 1.041 .910 40.54 7.421926 5 89 9.9 73.5 79.6 7.4 8.0 .879 .813 64.67 6.54

Pennsylvania......... 1922 42 2,898 9.1 72.2 79.7 8.0 8.8 .767 .695 55.38 6.101924 105 8,010 8.7 70.7 76.9 8.1 8.8 .777 .714 54.91 6.311926 110 8,766 9.9 81.2 89.6 8.2 9.0 .768 .696 62.39 6.27

Tennessee............... 1924 14 869 8.0 62.1 67..0 7.7 8.3 .541 .502 33.60 4.181926 7 544 8.7 69.6 75.6 8.0 8.7 .436 .402 30.37 3.49

Virginia.................. 1924 1 13 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) <2) (2) (2)West Virginia.........

1926 1 25 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)1922 34 972 8.1 55.4 59.4 6.8 7.3 1.019 .950 56.45 6.951924 77 3,046 8.5 61.6 67.4 7.2 7.9 .831 .760 51.18 5.991926 59 2,062 9.8 69.5 75.7 7.1 7.7 • .794 .730 55.21 5.65

T ota l........... U922- 127 8,429 9.2 71.0 77.5 7.7 8.4 .840 .769 59.62 6.471924 291 21,424 8.5 65.6 71.2 7.7 8.4 .809 .745 53.06 6.271926 254 20,594 9.8 77.0 84.3 7.9 8.6 .783 .715 60.31 6.18

3Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 3 Included in total.



T a b l e A .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by occupation and State— Contd.

Average hours Average earnings

Occupation and State Year

Number of mines

Number of

Average

number of

In half I month


based on—Per hour

based on—

employees

starts(days)

inhalf

month


ing lunch

Timein

mine


ing lunch

Timein

mine


ing lunch

Timein

mine

In half month

Perstart

MINERS, MACHINE (CUTTERS)

Alabama................. 1922 6 146 9.5 79.6 83.8 8.4 8.8 $0,611 $0.580 $48.64 $5.131924 27 342 8.4 75.8 81.6 9.0 9.7 .836 .775 63.29 7.561926 28 149 10.2 91.8 100.5 9.0 9.8 .911 .832 83.61 8.17

Colorado................. 1922 6 85 9.3 71.4 79.3 7.7 8.5 1.493 1.344 106.59 11.481924 15 119 8.8 72.3 77.5 8.2 8.8 1.336 1.246 96.56 11.011926 13 109 10.5 88.8 95.4 a 4 9.1 1.071 .997 95.12 9.03

Illinois.................... 1922 15 369 10.0 76.4 81.5 7.6 8.1 1.500 1.407 114. 68 11.461924 35 1,196 7.8 60.0 65.5 7.7 8.4 1.500 1.376 90.10 11.571926 33 1,326 9.7 74.5 82.4 7.7 8.5 1.501 1.358 111. 89 11.57

Indiana................... 1922 8 136 8.8 66.1 69.3 7.5 7.9 1.832 1.748 121.06 13.731924 15 260 6.5 49.4 51.7 7.7 8.0 1.684 1.609 83.15 12.881926 10 206 9.6 74.8 79.7 7.8 8.3 1.614 1.514 120.68 12.53

Kentucky.............. 1922 19 268 9.7 73.6 78.7 7.6 8.1 1.166 1.091 85.83 8.881924 75 797 8.8 78.5 83.3 8.9 9.4 .927 .874 72.79 8.251926 86 805 9.7 84.6 89.3 8.7 9.2 .956 .905 80.83 8.34

Ohio........................ 1922 25 354 9.9 78.2 85.1 7.9 8.6 1.395 1.282 109.12 10.991924 57 740 8.8 71.1 77.1 8.1 8.7 1.274 1.175 90.62 10.271926 44 700 10.5 83.6 90.7 7.9 8.6 1.202 1.108 100.49 9.55

Pennsylvania......... 1922 41 703 9.3 76.7 84.3 8.2 9.0 1.090 .991 83.55 8.941924 126 1,852 9.7 81.4 88.3 8.4 9.1 1.142 1.053 92.95 9.611926 128 1,800 10.9 94.2 102.5 8.6 9.4 1.133 1.041 106.70 9.75

Tennessee............... 1924 16 125 8.2 68.5 73.1 8.3 8.9 .549 .514 37.56 4.581926 10 38 9.8 85.3 91.8 8.7 9.3 .518 .482 44.20 4.49

Virginia.................. 1924 12 93 9.9 92.2 96.7 9.4 9.8 .657 .626 60.53 6.141926 20 97 10.9 99.4 105.3 9.1 9.7 .821 .775 81.60 7.49

West Virginia......... 1922 35 271 9.3 74.7 80.1 8.1 8.6 1.379 1.287 103.06 11.131924 107 975 9.0 73.3 78.7 8.1 8.7 1.134 1.055 83.09 9.201926 92 825 10.7 89.5 96.9 8.4 9.1 1.200 1.108 107.39 10.05

Total............. 31922 161 2,371 9.5 75.4 81.5 7.9 8.6 1.274 1.180 96.14 10.101924 485 6,499 8.8 72.9 78.6 8.3 8.9 1.163 1.079 84.79 9.651926 464 6,055 10.3 86.0 93.3 8.3 9.0 1.195 1.101 102.68 9.93

LOADERS, CONTRACTAlabama....... ......... 1924 10 72 8.3 70.3 73.8 8.4 8.8 .954 .909 67.06 8.03

1926 17 291 9.4 83.5 91.8 8.8 9.7 .717 .652 59.89 6.35Colorado................. 1926 1 1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)Kentucky............... 1924 8 85 10.2 85.4 90.5 8.4 8.9 .878 .828 74.94 7.36

1926 26 244 10.8 88.5 94.3 8.2 8.8 .883 .828 78.11 7.25Tennessee............... 1926 1 7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)Virginia................... 1924 2 4 10.5 90.3 93.8 8.6 8.9 1.129 1.087 101.88 9.70

1926 9 103 10.5 86.2 92.9 8.2 8.9 .988 .917 85.17 8.11West Virginia......... 1924 4 9 11.8 100.4 106.5 8.5 9.0 1.127 1.063 113.14 9.61

1926 7 48 9.9 75.0 82.1 7.6 8.3 1.210 1.106 90.83 9.20Total............ 1924 24 170 9.5 79.9 84.3 8.4 8.9 .929 .881 74.26 7.82

1926 61 694 10.1 85.3 92.4 8.4 9.1 .849 .784 72.43 7.16

LOADERS, MACHINEAlabama................. 1924 1 17 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)Illinois................. 1926 3 34 9.9 84.9 92.6 8.6 9.4 1.043 .957 88.57 8.96Indiana................... 1926 1 27 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)Kentucky............... 1926 4 23 8.8 88.6 93.9 10.1 10.7 .686 .647 60.81 6.92Ohio........................ 1924 2 15 11.6 98.1 102.4 8.5 8.8 1.179 1.130 115.75 9.98

1926 1 17 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)Pennsylvania......... 1926 6 39 10.5 88.5 97.7 8.5 9.3 .704 .638 62.32 5.96Tennessee............... 1924 1 19 (2) (2) (2) (/) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)1926 1 18 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)Virginia................... 1924 1 5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (*)

1926 2 36 8.2 82.9 87.9 10.1 10.7 .551 .519 45.68 5.57West Virginia......... 1924 5 46 10.8 99.1 106.7 9.2 9.9 .681 .633 67.48 6.23

1926 5 112 10.2 89.8 95.8 8.7 9.3 .717 .671 64.32 6.26Total............. 1924 10 102 i 9.4 84.3 90.4 9.0 9.6 .690 .644 58.20 6.20

1926 23 306 ! 9.9 87.3 93.7 8.8 9.5 .788 .735 68.80 6.96

* Pata included in total. * Includes data for Utah and Wyoming.


GENERAL TABLES 25T a b l e A .— Average number of stai'ts (days) and average hours and earnings of

miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by occupation and State— Contd.

Average hours A verage earnings

Occupation and State Year

Number ol

Number of

Average

number of starts

In half month


based on—Per hour

based on—

mines employees (days)

inhalf

monthTime

at face, includ

ing lunch

Timein

mine


ing lunch

Timein

mine


ing lunch

Timein

mine

In half month

Perstart

MINERS, GANGAlabama................. 1926 1 13 (*) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)Colorado................. 1924 1 5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)Illinois.................... 1924 18 573 7.7 63.4 68.8 8.3 9.0 $1,361 $1.254 $86.23 $11.25

1926 21 919 9.6 79.6 87.1 8.3 9.1 1.411 1.289 112.28 11.73Indiana__________ 1924 6 98 7.0 53.7 55.8 7.7 8.0 1.318 1.269 70.82 10.15

1926 5 71 9.4 71.2 75.8 7.6 8.1 1.335 1.254 95.11 10.14Kentucky............... 1926 2 15 9.1 75.0 82.9 8.3 9.1 .685 .619 51.34 5.66Ohio........................ 1924 1 35 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)1926 3 47 11.2 88.8 97.9 7.9 8.8 1.084 .982 96.22 8.61Pennsylvania......... 1924 8 282 9.2 76.2 83.5 8.3 9.1 .865 .789 65.90 7.16West Virginia......... 1924 6 43 10.1 70.9 76.6 7.0 7.6 1.031 1.000 79.00 7.81

Total............. 1924 40 1,036 8.1 65.6 71.1 8.1 8.8 1.187 1.094 77.79 9.661926 32 1,065 9.5 78.7 86.0 8.2 9.0 1.377 1.260 108.33 11.36

MINERS’ , MACHINE (CUTTERS’) , HELPERS

Alabama................. 1926 24 170 8.1 72.0 79.4 8.8 9.7 .597 .541 42.96 5.28Colorado................. 1926 3 6 10.7 89.2 99.3 8.4 9.3 .939 .843 83.70 7.85Kentucky............... 1926 53 353 8.4 74.7 79.0 8.9 9.4 .718 .679 53.64 6.41Pennsylvania. . 1926 22 151 10.6 94.8 102.2 8.9 9.6 .839 .778 79.54 7.47Tennessee............... 1926 9 39 6.4 60.8 64.2 9.4 10.0 .371 .351 22.55 3.50Virginia.................. 1926 16 72 8.6 83.6 87.8 9.8 10.2 .489 .465 40.87 4.77West Virginia......... 1926 24 91 9.3 86.0 90.9 9.3 9.8 .620 .586 53.30 5.73

Total............. 1926 151 882 8.8 79.0 84.5 9.0 9.6 .681 .637 53.77 6.14

* Data included in total


T a b l e B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State


[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week]

Place of work, occupation, and State Year

Number of mines

Number of

Average number of starts (days)

made in half

month

Average hours worked Average earnings

employees In half

monthPer

start(day)

In half month

Perstart(day)

Perhour

INSIDE MINE Brakemen:

Alabama............................ 109,9 8 139 7.8 61.8 8.0 $22.89 $2.95 $0,3701924 24 220 8.6 78.1 9.0 29.99 3.47 .3841926 23 200 9.4 75.3 8.0 32.55 3.45 .432

Colorado........................... 1922 6 29 10.9 87.6 8.0 83.32 7.65 .9521924 16 79 8.8 70.9 8.0 64.70 7.33 .9121926 14 58 11.8 96.1 8.1 64.38 5.44 .670

Illinois................ .............. 1922 20 216 10.4 85.8 8.3 80.04 7.76 .9371924 43 764 8.1 66.6 8.2 62.14 7.70 .9351926 39 669 10.0 84.1 8.4 78.92 7.93 .939

Indiana............................. 1922 10 88 9.6 76.9 8.0 72.24 7.52 .9391924 19 135 6.6 52.7 8.0 49.72 7.51 .9441926 14 108 10.4 83.8 8.1 78.04 7.51 .931

Kansas.............................. 1924 9 26 10.7 85.2 7.9 73.65 6.86 .8651926 5 16 10.4 83.6 8.1 78.49 7.57 .939

Kentucky......................... 1922 19 143 9.2 75.0 8.2 49.04 5.34 .6541924 75 539 8.9 75.5 8.5 43.01 4.85 .5701926 84 791 8.9 73.5 8.3 40.70 4.59 .554

Ohio.................................. 1922 22 65 8.9 71.3 8.0 66.79 7.51 .9361924 48 161 8.8 71.1 8.1 64.77 7.35 .9111926 45 188 10.0 81.1 8.1 73.91 7.38 .912

Pennsylvania................... 1922 44 319 19.5 81.0 18.4 65.24 16.84 .8061924 147 979 9.9 84.1 8.5 69.24 6.99 .8231926 147 981 10.5 92.3 8.8 70.64 6.72 .765

Tennessee............ ............ 1924 20 85 9.1 72.5 7.9 30.58 3.35 .4221926 12 71 8.8 70.1 8.0 26.71 3.05 .381

Virginia............................ 1924 12 82 8.4 71.3 8.5 31.27 3.73 .4391926 21 193 9.7 83.8 8.7 38.19 3.95 .456

West Virginia__________ 1922 45 306 9.3 76.0 8.2 54.71 5.91 .7201924 134 1,189 9.0 75.7 8.4 44.10 4.88 .5831926 114 1,093 10.1 85.9 8.5 49.65 4.93 .578

Total.............................. 21922 181 1,333 19.4 77.3 18.2 60.18 16.41 .7791924 547 4,259 8.9 75.0 8.4 53.25 5.96 .7101926 518 4,368 9.9 83.8 8.5 57.61 5.82 .687

Bratticemen and timbermen:Alabama........................... 1922 9 19 9.9 80.5 8.1 34.16 3.43 .424

1924 24 89 9.2 79.8 8.7 34.74 3.78 .4361926 32 148 10.2 88.9 8.7 39.99 3.93 .450

Colorado........................... 1922 7 33 11.6 92.7 8.0 91.09 7.87 .9831924 17 100 9.8 79.2 8.1 73.98 7.53 .9341926 15 84 13.0 108.8 8.3 76.68 5.88 .705

Illinois............................... 1922 21 197 10.9 87.7 8.0 82.23 7.54 .9381924 43 542 9.1 73.0 8.0 68.44 7.50 .9371926 37 520 10.7 86.7 8.1 81.36 7.60 .938

Indiana............................. 1922 11 53 9.3 71.4 7.7 67.31 7.25 .9421924 18 80 8.2 65.3 7.9 61.19 7.45 .9371926 16 90 11.5 93.9 8.1 85.84 7.45 .915

Kansas.............................. 1924 6 14 11.9 99.1 8.3 93.13 7.81 .9401926 11 42 11.2 91.2 8.1 85.75 7.65 .941

Kentucky.......................... 1922 17 58 9.8 79.9 8.2 55.33 5.65 .6931924 63 245 9.5 81.3 8.5 50.36 5.30 .6191926 77 393 10.2 84.9 8.4 50.95 5.02 .600

Ohio.................................. 1922 24 139 10.3 82.1 8.0 76.87 7.50 .9371924 44 237 9.S 80.3 8.2 74.89 7.63 .9321926 44 267 10.3 78.0 7.6 76.66 7.47 .983

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 40 268 *10.6 91.3 *8.4 64.05 8 6.13 .7011924 131 703 10.7 89.7 8.4 71.69 6.69 .7991926 129 719 10.9 92.1 8.5 68.73 6.33 .746

Tennessee.......................... 1924 18 36 9.0 75.3 8.3 34.42 3.81 .4571926 9 29 10.7 87.8 ‘ 8.2 37.87 3.54 .431

Virginia............................. 1924 10 21 9.3 79.1 8.5 38.61 4.16 .4881926 16 66 10.0 83.2 8.3 41.88 4.20 .503

West Virginia................... 1922 41 155 9.8 80.5 8.2 61.12 6.25 .7591924 110 454 9.6 81.1 8.4 49.76 5.16 .6131926 98 442 11.1 94.2 8.5 57.90 5.20 .614

Total.............................. *1922 181 986 3 10.4 85.7 3 8.1 70.26 3 6.81 .8201924 484 2,521

2,8009.8 81.1 8.3 63.04 6.44 .778

1926 484 10.8 89.2 8.3 66.20 6.16 .742

1 Not including data for 8 employees whose starts were not reported.* Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.* Not including data for 79 employees whose starts were not reported.


GENEBAL TABLES 27T a b l e B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of

employees other than miners and loaders, 1922> 1924) and 1926, by place of work, occupation} and State— Continued

Place of work, occupation, and State

Num NumAverage number of starts

Average hours worked

Average earnings

Year ber of mines

ber of em

ployees(days)

made in half

monthIn half month

Perstart(day)

In half month

Perstart(day)

Perhour

in s id e m in e — co n t in u e d

Cagers:Alabama.................... ...... 1922 1 6 <0 (*) (0 (0 (<) («)Colorado........................ . 1922 5 13 11.8 91.4 7.7 $90.97 $7.68 $0.995

1924 9 20 9.4 75.1 8.0 72. 28 7.69 .9621926 9 22 11.0 95.5 8.6 72.42 6.56 .759

Illinois............................... 1922 22 62 lO. 6 94.7 8.9 88. 71 8.35 .9371924 46 109 9.7 85.4 8.8 80.22 8.30 .9401926 39 103 11.6 106.1 9.2 99.85 8.64 .941

Indiana............................. 1902 12 22 10.5 88.9 8.4 82.81 7.85 .9311924 22 47 8.4 €9.4 8.2 65.03 7.70 .9371926 17 32 10.2 90.3 7.9 83. 06 8.13 .920

Kansas.............. - .............. 1924 9 20 11.1 104.9 9.5 98.36 8.90 .9371926 11 17 10.9 99.7 9.2 93.11 8.56 .934

Kentucky______________ 1922 2 4 8.5 72.9 8.6 61.14 7.19 .8391924 12 42 8.3 69.0 8.3 41.16 4.94 .5971926 16 45 10.4 89.6 8.6 45.29 4.36 .506

Ohio.................................. 1922 10 27 8.8 71.9 8.2 67.11 7.61 .9331924 26 45 9.7 80.9 8.4 74.23 7.68 .9171926 22 46 10.1 85.2 8.5 78.41 7.77 .920

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 21 35 *10.3 92.4 *8.9 70.29 * 6.82 .7611924 56 96 10.6 93.9 8.8 77.91 7.32 .8291926 57 115 11.2 103.3 9.3 82.04 7.35 .794

Virginia............................ 1926 1 4 (<) (*) (<) <*) («) (*)West Virginia__________ 1922 8 12 9.7 80.9 8.4 65.54 6.78 .8101924 18 31 8.5 76.8 9.1 50.48 5.95 .6571926 16 30 13.1 113.5 8.7 68.63 5.25 .605

Total_________________ «1922 83 185 *10.3 89.4 *8.6 77.82 *7.53 .8711924 198 410 9.6 83.2 8.7 71.53 7.46 .8601926 188 414 11.1 99.5 9.0 80.73 7.29 .811

Drivers:Alabama........................... 1922 7 125 9.1 75.7 8.4 29.15 3.22 .385

1924 34 486 7.5 63.1 8.4 22.09 2.94 .3501926 29 413 8.8 76.0 8.6 27.11 3.07 .356

Colorado....................... . 1922 8 131 10.5 83.0 7.9 79.37 7.59 .9561924 17 259 8.7 69.8 8.0 65.59 7.52 .9391926 17 255 11.3 91.7 8.1 64.70 5.72 .706

Illinois........................... . 1922 19 403 10.4 86.7 8.3 83.17 8.00 .9601924 35 599 8.8 74.1 8.4 69.53 7.80 ..938

Indiana.............................3926 26 493 10.2 88.4 8.7 82.79 8.13 .9361922 9 139 8.3 65.2 7.8 61.40 7.37 .9421924 20 214 7.0 55.1 7.8 51.99 7.40 .9441926 12 175 9.7 77.7 8.0 70.90 7.32 .912

Kansas............................. 1924 8 112 11.1 89.0 8.0 83.66 7.56 .9401926 10 104 11.9 94.0 7.9 88.63 7.48 .943

Kentucky.......................... 1922 8 174 9.6 80.1 8.3 57.48 5.99 .7181924 40 469 8.5 70.0 8.2 44.56 5.23 .6371926 35 492 10.0 84.2 8.4 47.02 4.71 .558

Ohio.................................. 1922 20 281 9.6 75.6 7.9 70.86 7.40 .9381924 47 467 8.8 70.5 8.0 65.77 7.49 .9321926 35 439 9.7 77.7 8.0 72.72 7.51 .936

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 23 472 7 9.5 82.5 78.3 58.10 7 6.04 .7041924 78 1,115 9.7 80.5 8.3 62.72 6.45 .7791926 79 1,273 10.7 89.5 8.3 67.96 6.33 .760

Tennessee......................... 1924 18 127 8.2 64.1 7.9 26.50 3.25 .4141926 6 65 9.1 73.8 8.1 29.18 3.21 .396

Virginia............................. 1924 5 34 9.8 77.3 7.9 35.76 3.64 .4631926 8 58 10.8 86.7 8.0 36.03 3.32 .416

West Virginia................... 1922 22 257 9.1 73.4 8.1 58.83 6.49 .8011924 80 721 8.9 71.8 8.1 45.66 5.14 .6361926 63 763 9.9 80.6 8.1 46.15 4.66 .573

Total_________________ 21922 125 2,080 ?9.5 78.7 7 8.2 64.84 7 6.82 .8241924 377 4,603 8.8 72.3 8.2 54.08 6.12 .7481926 320 4,530 10.2 84.4 8.3 59.80 5.88 .708

2 Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.* Data included in total.1 Not including data for 2 employees whose starts were not reported.6 Includes data for Washington and Wyoming.7 Not including data for 89 employees whose starts were not reported.



T a b le B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1923, by place of work, occupation, and State— Continued

Place of work, occupation, YearNumber of mines

Number of


made in half

month


and State employees In half

monthPer

start(day)

In half month

Perstart

(day)Per

hour

inside mine—continued Laborers:

Alabama........................... 1922 9 354 9.7 78.5 8.1 $28.49 $2.94 $0.3631924 35 736 8.5 75.0 8.8 28.73 3.38 .3831926 33 965 8.5 74.3 8.7 29.55 3.46 .398

Colorado........................... 1922 7 57 12.1 96.3 8.0 90.98 7.53 .9451924 7 69 8.9 71.1 8.0 65.46 7.36 .9211926 8 61 12.5 100.5 8.1 66.73 5.36 .664

Illinois.............................. 1922 20 444 10.4 85.1 8.2 77.33 7.45 .9091924 39 1,097 8.6 69.0 8.0 63.08 7.32 .9151926 39 1,122 9.9 79.7 8.1 72.64 7.36 .911

Indiana............................. 1922 11 145 9.7 78.7 8.1 73.72 7.59 .9371924 18 167 7.5 60.5 8.1 56.89 7.59 .9401926 15 151 9.2 73.7 8.0 68.76 7.47 .934

Kansas.............................. 1924 7 21 10.7 85.4 8.0 80.37 7.53 .9411926 7 21 8.9 71.4 8.1 61.22 6.91 .857

Kentucky......................... 1922 20 326 9.4 66.4 7.1 48.59 5.18 .7311924 69 1,017 8.4 71.5 8.5 38.02 4.54 .5321926 80 1,661 8.3 70.5 8.5 35.77 4.32 . 5t>7

Ohio.................................. 1922 21 152 8.6 68.3 8. t> 62.81 7.33 .9191924 36 213 8.9 73.3 8.3 63.48 7.17 .8661926 33 505 8.2 63.2 7.7 54.27 6.58 .859

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 42 923 *10.3 87.5 8 8.2 56.18 8 5. 63 .6421924 131 2,012 9.8 81.5 8.3 60.58 6.16 .7441926 144 2,081 It. 7 89.1 8.4 60.18 5.65 .676

Tennessee.......................... 1924 18 126 7.8 62.8 8.1 24.90 3.2u .3961926 11 111 7.6 59.5 7.9 22.15 2.93 .372

Virginia................. ........... 1924 12 98 7.6 61.5 8.1 23.84 3.12 .3881926 18 345 8.4 7u. 4 8.4 29.97 3.58 .426

West Virginia................... 1922 40 461 9.4 76.8 8.1 47.91 5.08 .624a924 130 1,672 8.8 73.5 8.4 39.89 4.54 .5431926 112 1,800 9.8 83.1 8.5 44. 51 4.54 .536

Total.............................. 2 1922 181 2,9677,228

«9.9 80.8 8 8.0 56.30 8 5.73 .6971924 502 8.9 74.2 8.3 48.74 5.47 .6571926 500 8,823 9.4 78.7 8.4 48.82 5.18 .620

Motormen:Alabama........................... 1922 7 110 9.7 77.6 8.0 33.31 3.42 .429

1924 21 158 10.1 91.9 9.1 43.00 4.27 .4681926 22 177 10.9 98.3 9.0 44.57 4.09 453

Colorado........................... 1922 6 17 10.2 81.9 8.0 79.73 7.79 .9731924 11 57 8.9 73.6 8.3 71.61 8.05 .9741926 11 41 12.4 103.0 8.3 73.65 5.96 .715

Illinois................... .......... 1922 19 169 10.5 89.5 8.5 90.20 8.59 1..0081824 43 532 8.7 73.4 8.4 74.38 8.54 1.0131926 39 557 10.5 90.6 8.6 91.76 8.70 1.012

Indiana............................. 1922 10 72 10.8 86.7 8.0 87.67 8.09 1.0121924 20 108 6.5 51.2 7.9 52.00 8.03 1.0161926 16 135 11.1 90.3 8.1 91.58 8.24 1.014

Kansas.............................. 1924 7 18 10.9 88.4 8.1 88.32 8.07 .9991926 7 20 10.5 84.2 8.1 84.25 8.06 1.001

Kentucky.......................... 1922 20 177 9.7 81.2 8.4 56.04 5.77 .6901924 76 486 9.9 86.1 8.7 53.46 5.39 .6211926 i 85 697 10.4 91.0 8.8 55.02 5.29 .604

Ohio.................................. 1922 25 90 10.1 84.2 8.3 79.11 7.80 .9401924 57 221 9.6 79.4 8.2 73.19 7.59 .9221926 45 229 10.7 87.8 8.2 79.93 7.49 .811

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 42 314 •10.0 86.3 •8.4 71.48 •7.03 .9291924 148 965 10.3 8a 6 8.6 75.70 7.38 .8541926 143 1,028 11.1 89.0 8.9 75.88 6.85 .766

Tennessee.......................... 1924 19 79 9.6 76.6 8.0 37.82 3.95 .4941926 13 71 10.6 90.4 8.5 41.02 3.86 .454

Virginia............................. 1824 12 77 10.4 89.8 8.6 45.65 4.37 .5081826 21 173 10.9 100.1 8.9 50.27 4.47 .502

West Virginia................... 1822 46 307 9.8 82.8 8.5 64.68 6.62 7811924 134 1,050 10.0 86.4 8.6 53.83 5.38 .6231926 118 1,111 10.9 95.6 8.8 59.21 5.42 .619

Total.............................. *1922 183 1,296 •10.1 84.2 •8.4 68.62 •6.82 .8151924 548 3,751 9.7 83.6 8.6 62.89 6.46 .7521926 520 4,239 10.8 94.7 8.7 67.97 6.27 .718

1 Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.• Not including data for 237 employees whose starts were not reported.* Not including data for 6 employees whose starts were not reported.


GENERAL TABLES 29T a b l e B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of

employees other than miners and loaders, 1923, 1924, and 1926, by place of workf occupation, and State— Continued


Num Number of em

ployees

Average number of starts


Year ber of mines

(days) made in

half month

In half month

Perstart(day)

In half month

Perstart(day)

Perhour

inside mine—continuedPumpmen:

Alabama........................... 1922 9 62 10.9 92.5 8.5 $32.70 $3.01 $0,3531924 32 105 10.2 100.1 9.9 36.67 3.61 .3661926 32 127 11.0 111.0 10.1 40.19 3.66 .362

Colorado........................... 1922 7 10 14.4 114.6 8.0 111.66 7.75 .9741924 15 27 12.3 103.9 8.4 96.54 7.83 .9301926 11 27 14.2 115.8 8.2 82.28 6.80 .711

Illinois............................... 1922 13 23 13.0 109.0 8.4 101.46 7.80 .9311924 17 40 13.1 108.8 8.3 100.91 7.73 .9281926 18 45 13.2 115.3 8.8 105.80 8.04 .918

Indiana.............................. 1922 9 28 12.7 107.8 8.5 102.07 8.05 .9471924 17 33 12.2 99.2 8.1 93.65 7.69 .9441926 12 31 13.5 115.1 8.6 106.85 7.94 .929

Kentucky.......................... 1922 16 39 12.6 110.9 8.8 73.59 5.86 .6631924 47 89 11.6 102.7 8.9 54.36 4.70 .5291926 65 154 11.9 116.2 9.8 60.56 5.09 .521

Ohio.................................. 1922 21 43 14.0 115.7 8.3 106.27 7.62 .9191924 41 87 12.3 101.0 8.2 92.04 7.50 .9111926 34 69 14.1 116.4 8.2 105.17 7.45 .904

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 41 152 13.9 117.1 8.4 86.70 6.23 .7401924 127 352 12.2 105.5 8.7 83.82 6.88 .7951926 127 341 13.8 124.6 9.0 89.26 6.45 .717

Tennessee.......................... 1924 10 16 9.8 91.6 9.4 39.86 4.09 .4351926 8 19 9.6 86.4 9.0 34.66 3.60 .401

Virginia............................. 1924 6 26 1,0.6 98.0 9.3 34.15 3.23 .3481926 U 30 8.0 73.4 9.1 29.60 3.«68 .403

West Virginia................... 1922 32 79 11.9 105.3 8.8 73.92 6.21 .7021924 90 240 11.4 103.7 9.1 59,73 5.25 .5761926 84 238 12.5 124.6 9.9 67.55 5.39 .542

Total.............................. *1922 157 452 13.0 110.2 8.5 80.90 6.24 .7341924 402 1,015 11.7 103.4 8.8 70.38 6.02 .6811926 402 1,081 12.7 118.3 9.3 74.04 5.84 .626

Trackmen:Alabama........................... 1922 10 58 10.4 84.5 8.1 39.55 3.80 .468

1924 37 131 9.6 84.1 8.8 38.84 4.05 .4621926 36 141 10.5 93.7 9.0 42.15 4.03 .450

Colorado........................... 1922 8 38 12.2 97.2 8.0 94.51 7.76 .9721924 17 90 10.6 85.2 8.0 81.66 7.70 .9581926 17 101 13.0 108.7 8.3 77.90 5.97 .716

Illinois............................... 1922 22 301 10.8 87.8 8.1 82.36 7.62 .9381924 46 670 9.0 71.8 8.0 67.47 7.49 .940

Indiana..............................1926 39 674 10.7 86.8 8.1 81.36 7.60 .9371922 11 108 10.3 82.9 8.1 77.89 7.58 .9391924 22 153 7.1 57.1 8.0 53.58 7.53 .9381926 17 125 11.1 91.4 8.3 85.12 7.69 .931

Kansas.............................. 1924 9 30 . 11.6 91.1 7.9 85.38 7.38 .9381926 10 31 11.8 94.8 8.0 88.85 7.63 .937

Kentucky......................... 1922 19 159 10.5 87.7 8.4 62.30 5.94 .7101924 77 579 9.6 81.8' 8.5 50.11 5.22 .612

Ohio..................................1926 86 736 10.5 88.4 8.4 50.76 4.84 .5741922 25 111 10.7 86.8 8.1 81.20 7.57 .9351924 64 213 10.3 84.1 8.1 78.26 7.57 .9311926 45 228 10.1 82.1 8.2 75.19 7.48 .916

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 44 287 1011.0 91.2 10 8.2 68.34 »6.29 .7491924 151 895 10.6 89.1 8.4 71.95 6.77 .8071926 151 996 11.4 97.0 8.5 72.14 6.35 .744

Tennessee......................... 1924 20 63 9.0 73.6 8.2 34.79 3.86 .473Virginia.............................

1926 14 42 10.5 84.4 8.1 37.01 3.54 .4391924 12 83 9.8 78.9 8.1 39.44 4.03 .500

West Virginia...................1926 22 161 10.5 89.2 8.5 43.67 4.15 .4891922 47 274 10.0 81.2 8.2 63.31 6.38 .7801924 142 1,119 9.7 82.7 8.5 50.89 5.23 .6161926 117 1,011 10.7 90.0 8.4 54.81 5.12 .609

Total.............................. *1922 198 1,393 1010.7 87.3 10 8.2 72.05 «6.77 .8261924 587 4,026 9.7 81.2 8.3 59.83 6.14 .7371926 654 4,246 10.8 91.0 8.4 64.15 5.92 .705

1 Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.*• Not including data for 30 employees whose starts were not reported.

62411°—27----- 3



T a b l e B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State— Continued


Num Number of em

ployees



Year ber of mines

(days) made in

half month

In half month

Perstart(day)

In half month (day)

Perstart

Perhour

inside mine—continued Trappers (boy):

$15.44 $1.87Alabama........................... 1922 5 29 8.3 66.9 8.1 $0,2311924 18 60 7.5 64.4 8.6 14.05 1.86 .2181926 12 39 9.5 77.3 8.2 19.70 2.08 .255

Colorado........................... 1922 4 12 11.2 89.3 8.0 50.65 4.54 .5671924 9 31 8.1 64.8 8.0 32.66 4.03 .5041926 9 21 11.1 89.1 8.0 35.98 3.24 .404

Illinois............................... 1922 16 72 8.6 68.3 8.0 34.45 4.02 .5041924 25 132 7.4 54.2 7.3 30.04 4.04 .5541926 21 109 9.2 72.7 7.9 37.29 4.04 .513

Indiana............................. 1922 9 41 6.6 52.4 7.9 26.34 3.98 .5031924 16 65 6.0 47.6 7.9 23.65 3.93 .4971926 8 35 10.2 80.8 7.9 41.83 4.10 .518

Kentucky.......................... 1922 6 15 10.5 79.6 7.6 37.75 3.58 .4741924 34 126 8.4 67.6 8.0 20.29 2.40 .3001926 34 107 10.1 81.1 8.0 22.88 2.27 .282

Ohio.................................. 1922 22 84 9.2 72.1 7.8 36.96 4.02 .5121924 36 125 8.3 64.7 7.8 32.58 3.94 .5041926 26 77 10.0 77.7 7.8 34.26 3.42 .441

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 12 36 10.5 85.5 8.2 34.44 3.29 .4031924 37 77 10.2 84.3 8.3 42.95 4.22 .5091926 22 51 10.3 86.3 8.4 37.19 3.61 .431

Tennessee......................... 1924 15 49 7.4 58.4 7.9 14.92 2.02 .2551926 6 25 8.9 71.5 8.1 19.51 2.20 .273

Virginia............................ 1924 8 30 9.0 72.4 8.0 18.43 2.04 .2541926 12 50 9.9 81.1 8.2 20.45 2.07 .252

West Virginia................... 1922 29 104 9.7 76.8 7.9 37.24 3.84 .4851924 75 230 9.2 75.7 8.2 28.76 3.11 .3801926 57 179 10.2 81.9 8.1 29.96 2.95 .366

Total.............................. 1922 103 393 9.1 72.3 7.9 34.09 3.75 .4721924 273 925 8.3 66.7 8.0 27.24 3.27 .4081926 207 693 9.9 79.7 8.0 30.17 3.04 .379

Other employees:Alabama........................... 1922 8 144 10.7 87.8 8.2 38.81 3.61 .442

1924 33 414 9.6 84.9 8.8 46.75 4.86 .5511926 35 440 11.0 98.1 8.9 53.27 4.84 .543

Colorado........................... 1922 8 54 12.3 98.6 8.0 95.22 7.77 .9661924 17 74 10.7 87.0 8.1 84.06 7.84 .9661926 16 115 13.1 110.5 8.4 81.57 6.22 .738

Illinois............................... 1922 22 376 11.5 94.7 8.2 95.93 8.33 1.0131924 46 689 10.4 85.8 8.3 85. 93 8.27 1.0021926 39 820 11.5 97.6 8.5 97. 52 8.49 .999

Indiana............................. 1922 12 105 10.8 86.5 8.0 88.42 8.21 1.0221924 22 129 9.3 74.7 8.0 78.58 8.45 1.0521926 17 185 11.9 100.7 8.5 104.09 8.75 1.033

Kansas.............................. 1924 9 60 10.8 88.9 8.3 103.08 9.57 1.159, 1926 11 57 11.2 96.3 8.6 114.93 10.25 1.193

Kentucky.......................... 1922 20 283 10.1 87.1 8.6 61.86 6.14 .7101924 76 701 10.1 88.5 8.8 65.39 6.50 .739

Ohio..................................1926 85 967 10.5 93.0 8.9 62.44 5.97 .6711922? 21 169 9.6 77.1 8.0 71.00 7.39 .9211924 47 254 10.7 87.8 8.2 78.62 7.36 .8951926 39 305 10.9 90.8 8.3 80.00 7.33 .881

Pennsylvania................... 1922 44 791 " 11.1 95.3 ii 8.4 72.36 ii 6.64 .7591924 137 1,593 11.2 94.6 8.5 82.00 7.35 .8671926 143 1,835 11.7 100.9 8.6 80.46 6.86 .797

Tennessee......................... 1924 18 97 9.9 81.5 8.2 48.94 4.93 .6011926 11 82 9.9 81.5 8.3 43.02 4.37 .528

Virginia....... ...... .............. 1924 11 55 9.2 76.6 8.3 50.53 5.48 .6601926 20 170 10.9 97.6 9.0 54.98 5.04 .563

West Virginia................... 1922 41 219 10.6 88.3 8.4 72.18 6.83 .8181924 122 720 10.5 92.6 8.8 63.70 6.08 .6881926 106 769 11.5 100.4 8.7 68.26 5.95 .680

Total.............................. 21922 188 2,294 » 10.9 91.4 H8.3 75.49 ii 6.97 .8261924 538 4,786 10.5 89.7 8.5 73.32 6.97 .8171926 522 5,745 11.3 98.0 8.7 75.96 6.71 .775

J Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.11 Not including data for 137 employees whose starts were not reported.


G e n e r a l t a b l e s 31T a b l e B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of

employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, and 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State— Continued

Number of mines

NumAverage number of starts (days)

made in half

month


Place of work, occupation, and State Year ber of

employees In half

monthPer

start(day)

In half month

Perstart(day)

Perhour

OUTSIDE MINEBlacksmiths:

Alabama........................... 1922 10 18 11.7 95.1 8.2 $51.90 $4.45 $0,5461924 36 49 9.7 86.0 8.9 43.77 4.51 .5091926 35 45 12.1 . 107.9 8.9 55.71 4.60 .516

Colorado.............. ............ 1922 8 14 12.5 114.8 9.2 104.66 8.37 .9121924 17 20 11.3 98.3 8.7 89.21 7.89 .9081926 17 21 13.4 120.8 9.0 83.75 ft24 .693

Illinois............................... 1922 22 56 13.1 116.2 8.9 112.38 8.57 .9671924 45 119 10.5 86.8 8.3 84.06 8.00 .9681926 39 109 12.9 111.2 8.6 107.61 8.37 .968

Indiana............................. 1922 12 18 12.6 113.4 9.0 99.93 7.96 .8811924 22 41 8.4 74.1 8.8 65.20 7.77 .8801926 17 32 11.6 104.2 9.0 91.62 7.92 .879

Kansas...................... ........ 1924 9 11 11.7 109.3 9.3 107.98 9.21 .9881926 11 12 12.9 109.8 8.5 108.50 8.40 .989

Kentucky......................... 1922 18 29 11.2 94.4 8.4 72.18 6.44 .7651924 75 113 10.9 92.2 8.5 57.32 5.26 .6221926 83 123 12.1 103.6 8.6 61.02 5.05 .589

Ohio.................................. 1922 25 43 12.0 100.0 8.3 96.00 8.02 .9601924 56 88 10.2 85.3 8.4 81.79 8.03 .9591926 44 76 10.2 84.5 8.3 79.23 7.79 .938

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 41 84 w 11.0 100.2 12 8.8 78.73 12 7.16 .7861924 151 285 11.2 98.1 8.9 80.85 7.32 .8241926 147 267 11.7 106.8 9.1 80.95 6.91 .758

Tennessee.......................... 1924 20 24 10.7 86.7 8.1 43.19 4.05 .4981926 14 20 9.8 80.5 8.2 36.91 3.77 .459

Virginia............................. 1924 12 14 10.9 90.4 8.3 54.13 4.99 .5991926 22 30 11.9 102.1 8.6 56.90 4.77 .557

West Virginia................... 1922 43 61 10.6 90.0 8.5 76.12 7.17 .8461924 138 205 10.9 93.6 8.6 64.50 5.92 .6891926 111 174 12.1 107.9 8.9 74.91 6.20 .694

Total............................. 21922 191 339 « 11.7 102.0 12 8.6 87.42 12 7.47 .8571924 581 969 10.7 92.0 8.6 71.75 6.72 .7801926 540 909 11.9 104.8 8.8 77.94 6.56 .743

Carpenters and car-repair men:

Alabama----------------------- 1922 8 33 9.7 81.7 8.5 33.98 3.52 .4161924 32 83 9.7 87.4 9.0 34.88 3.58 .3991926 30 122 10.6 9 .0 8.7 37.61 3.55 .409

Colorado........................... 1922 3 6 12.2 108.0 8.9 99.07 8.14 .9171924 12 34 9.9 87.6 8.8 74.42 7.51 .8501926 13 39 12.2 110.6 9.1 73.95 6.06 .669

Illinois............................... 1922 20 40 12.3 104.1 8.5 98.14 7.99 .9431924 38 143 10.2 84.4 8.2 77.80 7.59 .9221926 37 162 12.0 101.9 8.5 93.24 7.80 .915

Indiana............................. 1922 6 12 10.3 85.2 8.2 75.72 7.33 .8891924 8 13 7.8 68.0 8.8 59.57 7.67 .8761926 14 29 11.8 100.6 8.6 85.50 7.27 .850

Kansas.............................. 1924 3 4 13.0 110.5 8.5 102.94 7.92 .9321926 1 2 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4)Kentucky......................... 1922 18 40 11.5 93.3 8.1 64.67 5.64 .6931924 61 178 10.1 84.5 8.4 49.71 4.94 .588

Ohio..................................1926 78 214 11.3 94.7 8.4 53.24 4.72 .5621922 17 28 11.2 91.3 8.2 83.75 7.49 .9171924 37 59 9.7 79.1 8.2 71.80 7.43 .9081926 35 69 11.0 88.0 8.0 . 80.09 7.27 .910

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 37 166 u 10.9 96.7 i» 8.5 67.15 i* 6.18 .6941924 138 431 10.9 95.8 8.8 70.90 6.51 .7401926 138 501 11.5 101.6 8.9 67.94 5.93 .668

Tennessee......................... 1924 15 30 10.2 83.6 8.2 41.61 4.07 .498Virginia.............................

1926 11 35 10.8 89.1 8.3 38.52 3.58 .4321924 11 24 9.4 74.7 8.0 40.91 4.36 .5481926 20 57 11.1 95.2 8.6 48.39 4.37 .508

West Virginia................... 1922 38 74 10.9 90.7 8.3 69.77 6.41 .7691924 119 355 10.7 91.4 8.6 57.12 5.35 .6251926 107 315 11.4 98.2 8.6 60.37 5.27 .615

Total...______________ 21922 157 427 13 11.1 94.7 13 8.4 71.23 13 6.42 .7521924 474 1,354 10.4 89.6 8.6 61.96 5.93 .6911926 484 1,545 11.4 98.3 8.6 64.28 5.64 .654

J Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.4 Data included in total.u Not including data for 0 employees whose starts were not reported.11 Not including data for 22 employees whose starts were not reported*


32 BITTJMINOtJS COAL MINING

T a b l e B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924t and 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State— Continued

Place of work, occupation, and State Year

Number of mines

Number of


made in half

month


employees In half

monthPer

start(day)

In half month

Perstart(day)

Perhour

outside mine—continued Engineers:

$4.15Alabama......... .................. 1922 7 11 11.5 96.8 8.4 $47.87 $0,4951924 24 38 10.2 81.5 8.0 43.71 4.29 .5371926 26 66 21.1 110.1 9.1 49.41 4.09 .449

Colorado........................... 1922 8 20 13.6 117.5 8.6 107.02 7.90 .9141924 17 60 11.4 99.8 8.7 87.01 7.61 .8721926 17 57 12.9 110.8 8.6 76.82 5.94 .693

Illinois............................... 1922 22 68 15.0 122.1 8.1 116.63 7.75 .9551924 45 147 14.6 120.6 8.3 116.87 8.02 .9691926 3% 137 14.7 123.1 8.3 118.49 8.04 .963

Indiana.............................. 1922 8 16 15.4 135.5 8.8 121.34 7.86 .8951924 22 41 13.9 126.9 9.1 110.71 7.98 .8721926 16 31 14.5 135.1 9.4 113.31 7.84 .839

Kansas......................... . 1924 9 13 12.1 116.6 9.7 104.70 8.67 .8981926 11 15 12.3 119.9 9.8 106.35 8.67 .887

Kentucky......................... 1922 7 8 12.8 108.2 8.5 84.24 6.61 .7791924 38 64 13.1 123.7 9.5 69.99 5.36 .5661926 30 42 13.0 126.2 9.7 71.35 5.47 .565

Ohio................................... 1922 18 23 12.5 111.3 8.9 95.29 7.61 .8561924 28 38 12.6 111.4 8.9 103.91 8.26 .9331926 21 30 13.2 117.4 8.9 107.60 8.13 .917

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 32 71 112.4 106.6 18.5 80.35 16.50 .7541924 103 246 12.6 112.8 8.9 91.96 7.27 .8161926 95 204 13.3 120.8 9.1 97.24 7.30 .805

Tennessee.......................... 1924 5 7 11.3 99.3 8.8 49.48 4.38 .4981926 7 9 10.4 92.9 8.9 42.15 4.04 .454

Virginia............................. 1926 6 9 11.8 109.2 9.3 53.90 4.58 .493West Virginia................... 1922 16 28 15.0 165.1 11.0 100.88 6.71 .611

1924 42 78 12.8 123.0 9.6 72.60 5.66 .5901926 52 74 12.7 || 120.2 9.4 74.91 5.88 .623

Total.............................. U922 129 267 » 13.9 121.3 18.7 99.50 17.21 .8201924 333 732 12.9 114.4 8.9 91.56 7.09 .8011926 320 674 13.3 119.6 9.0 91.17 6.83 .762

Laborers:Alabama........................... 1922 10 203 9.1 73.9 8.1 24.21 2.66 .328

1924 39 580 8.1 71.9 8.9 20.39 2.53 .2841926 36 620 9.5 83.5 8.8 24.09 2.54 .288

Colorado........................ 1922 8 97 11.6 101.0 8.7 77.40 6.64 .7661924 17 210 8.9 77.6 8.8 55.53 6.27 .7161926 17 234 12.0 108.6 9.1 56.41 4.71 .519

Illinois............................... 1922 21 337 10.3 85.8 8.3 73.69 7.13 .8591924 45 765 9.2 75.7 8.2 65.36 7.07 .8631926 39 778 11.0 94.1 8.5 80.77 7.31 .858

Indiana............................. 1922 12 115 9.4 77.6 8.2 65.88 6.98 .8491924 21 192 7.1 57.2 8.0 48.64 6.81 .8501926 17 162 10.7 88.0 8.2 72.90 6.82 .829

Kansas.............................. 1924 9 37 10.1 88.8 8.8 76.77 7.62 .8651926 11 53 11.2 91.8 8.2 76.29 6.82 .831

Kentucky.......................... 1922 20 198 10.2 83.5 8.2 43.82 4.29 .5251924 78 999 9.1 78.3 8.6 36.55 4.00 .467

Ohio..................................1926 83 1,190 10.4 90.3 8.6 39.44 3.77 .4371922 24 227 9.3 74.1 8.0 63.24 6.80 .8531924 56 441 9.1 73.6 8.1 63.24 6.92 .8591926 45 474 10.0 80.2 8.0 67.97 6.77 .847

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 42 573 “ 10.8 95.5 h 8.8 54.03 “ 5.17 .5661924 152 2,017 10.2 89.8 8.8 56.20 5.51 .6261926 149 2,098 11.0 97.9 8.9 55.11 4.99 .563

Tennessee.......................... 1924 20 157 8.8 70.2 8.0 26.64 3.03 .3791926 13 146 8.8 69.7 8.0 23.64 2.70 .339

Virginia............................. 1924 12 136 8.4 68.9 8.2 25.33 3.02 .3671926 22 292 9.6 84.4 8.8 30.49 3.16 .361

West Virginia____ . j 1922 46 4981,980

9.69.9

80.084.8

8.48.6

46.1640.44

4.82 .5771924 142 4.08 .4771926 118 1,830 10.9 95.2 8.8 45.93 4.23 .482

Total.............................. *1922 ! 195 2,407 1*10.1 84.8 n 8.4 55.06 K 5.49 .6491924 ! 591 7,514 9.5 81.2 8.6 46.73 4.93 .5751926 1 550 7,877 10.7 92.6 8.7 50.53 4.74 .546

1 Not including data for 8 employees whose starts were not reported.* Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.14 Not including data for 51 employees whose starts were not reported.


GENERAL TABLES 33T a b l e B.— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of

employees other than miners and loaders, 1922,1924, and 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State— Continued


Num Number of em

ployees



Year ber of mines

(days) made in

half month

In half month

Perstart(day)

In half month

Perstart(day)

Perhour

o u t s id e m in e — continuedOther employees:

$36.85Alabama......................... 1922 10 185 11.1 93.7 8.5 $3.32 $0,3931924 38 348 10.2 93.5 9.2 38.13 3.74 .4081926 33 345 11.6 108.1 9.3 44.79 3.85 .414

Colorado............................ 1922 7 68 12.9 115.2 8.9 97.53 7.56 .8471924 17 189 11.0 101.2 9.2 71.93 6.55 .7111926 17 162 12.8 118.6 9.3 71.41 5.58 .602

Illinois............................... 1922 21 247 12.5 104.5 8.4 90.15 7.24 .8631924 44 502 10.4 87.8 8.4 69.64 6.68 .7931926 38 312 12.7 108.8 8.6 88.94 7.01 .817

Indiana. ........................... 1922 12 87 12.7 106.7 8.4 93.16 7.32 .8731924 23 91 9.6 83.2 8.6 60.19 6.24 .7241926 17 96 12.0 101.2 8.4 73.40 6.12 .726

Kansas.............................. 1924 7 18 12.0 107.5 9.0 95.51 7.96 .8881926 11 34 12.4 105.2 8.5 83.28 6.69 .792

Kentucky......................... 1922 20 258 11.1 93.7 8.5 59.46 5.38 .6351924 73 501 10.9 97.3 8.9 54.28 4.98 .5581926 83 650 11.5 104.9 9.1 57.58 4.99 .549

Ohio.................................. 1922 25 160 11.6 95.1 8.2 73.94 6.36 .7771924 54 228 11.3 93.9 8.3 72.81 6.44 .7751926 41 215 11.4 92.6 8.1 71.65 6.27 .774

Pennsylvania.................... 1922 42 713 i* 11.9 104.9 »8 .8 66.26 w5.65 .6311924 151 1,596 11.9 106.7 9.0 72.06 6.08 .6761926 150 1,382 12.5 112.5 9.0 70.61 5.67 .628

Tennessee......................... 1924 20 125 9.2 76.5 8.3 34.33 3.72 .4491926 14 96 11.0 90.7 8.3 41.27 3.77 .455

Virginia............................. 1924 12 107 10.1 87.3 8.7 41.42 4.12 .4751926 22 169 11.2 102.4 9.2 49.66 4.45 .485

West Virginia.................. 1922 44 371 11.5 100.5 8.7 70.70 6.14 .7031924 139 1,118 11.2 101.4 9.1 59.02 5.29 .5821926 114 740 12.2 109.3 9.0 63.45 5.20 .580

Total.............................. U922 193 2,242 i»11.8 101.3 i«8.5 70.02 i* 5.96 .6911924 578 4,823 11.1 99.1 8.9 62.73 5.64 .6331926 540 4,201 12.1 108.1 8.9 65.31 5.41 .604

* Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming, u Not including data for 75 employees whose starts were not reported.


Table C.— Number of miners and loaders in each State whose average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1926, by occupation CO

Number of employees whose average hourly earnings, based on time at face and time in mine, were within each classified amount

Occupation and classified Alabama Colorado Illinois Indiana Kentucky Ohio Pennsylvania Tennessee Virginia West Virginia Totalearnings per hour

At In At In At In At In At In At In At In At In At m At In At Inface mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine

LOADERS, HANDUnder 30 cents_________ 182 340 11 19 19 22 1 448 577 22 37 627 916 123 153 104 150 168 237 1,704 2,45280 and under 40 cents 871 1,174 37 60 30 42 4 4 1,041 1,398 75 131 1,196 1,625 154 216 275 339 338 546 4,021 5,53540 and under 50 cents 1,035 887 79 116 88 148 3 5 2,132 2,342 260 ; 415 1,991 2,587 186 133 463 472 851 1,240 7,088 8,34550 and under 60 cents 543 379 146 180 185 395 7 7 1,939 1,885 | 679 932 i 3,034 3,672 81 66 313 327 1,534 1,835 8,461 9,67860 and under 70 cents. . 256 195 198 204 343 749 9 24 1,531 1,383 1,073 1,337 3,404 3,444 46 28 262 240 1,745 1,935 ; 8,867 9,53970 and under 80 cents 111 49 178 173 721 1,189 36 144 1,034 948 1,321 1,413 , 2,888 2,681 18 16 190 154 1,649 1,576 j; 8,146 8,34380 and under 90 cents. .. . 38 21 138 100 1,257 1,732 209 232 709 609 1,170 1,131 i 2,317 1,772 7 7 106 78 1,351 1,270 1! 7,302 6,95290 cents and under $1...... 12 11 90 87 1,728 1,847 219 237 483 358 963 756 1,452 1,069 5 3 60 49 1,091 944 ' 6,103 5,361$1 and under $1.10............ 8 7 91 106 1,852 1,914 277 392 258 197 638 373 1 954 577 2 1 55 35 871 575 5,006 4,177$1.10 and under $1.20....... 8 4 75 30 1,834 1,512 355 293 156 96 330 139 501 317 2 1 18 14 522 320 3,801 2,726$1.20 and under $1.30....... 1 30 13 1,458 980 248 149 74 49 130 51 293 193 15 10 306 197 2,555 1,642$1.30 and under $1.40....... 2 1 13 5 942 551 122 63 39 17 52 19 182 96 10 12 186 100 1,548 864$1.40 and under $1.50....... 4 4 545 261 59 23 16 20 17 5 90 53 8 6 117 48 856 420$1.60 and under $1.60....... 1 1 4 1 276 85 24 13 21 6 8 4 47 21 7 5 50 23 438 159$1.60 and under $1.70____ 1 3 114 38 14 3 3 7 5 1 38 12 1 1 5 2 40 19 224 83$1.70 and under $1.80____ 1 59 17 2 4 6 3 14 18 2 24 7 107 50$1.80 and under $1.90____ 1 1 20 10 4 4 5 2 1 13 5 1 17 4 61 27$1.90 and under $2______ 1 1 12 8 5 2 2 2 1 12 1 1 9 4 43 18$2 and under $2.50______ 23 10 5 2 5 4 3 2 10 6 17 13 63 37$2.50 and under $3______ 4 1 2 1 2 7 4 15 6$3 and over_____________ 1 1____ 4 5

Total....................... ‘3,070 i3,070 1,099 !l, 099 11,511 11,511 1,602 1,602 9,904 9,904 6,747 6,747 19,065 19,065 625 625 1,894 1,894 10,897 10,897 66,414 66,414Average earnings, in Icents, per hour.............. 47.8 43.6 78.9 72.6 107.8 97.6 111.6 104.0 61.7 57.9 81/7 75.2 71.1 66.1 43.6 4a 6 59.7 55.6 77.6 71.0 77.9 71.5

BITU

MIN

OU

S COAL

MIN

ING


Number of employees whose average hourly earnings, based on time at face and time in mine, were within each classified amount

Occupation and classified earnings per hour

Alabama Colorado Illinois Indiana . Kansas Kentucky Ohio Pennsylvania Tennessee Virginia West Vir

ginia Total

At In At In At In At In At In At In • At In At In At In At In At In At Inface mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine face mine

MINERS, HAND OR PICE

Under 30 cents_______ 101 141 27 42 16 24 3 3 17 25 22 26 181 260 98 130 1 1 16 24 482 67630 and under 40 cents. 197 316 66 88 64 82 7 11 59 69 29 44 1 1 337 453 129 150 1 2 59 101 939 1,31740 and under 50 cents. 411 471 115 154 122 173 28 48 105 134 40 53 2 6 701 1,047 158 152 6 5 170 220 1,858 2,46360 and under 60 cents. 375 367 158 176 199 253 73 80 172 208 71 74 8 11 1,148 1,530 92 78 1 256 322 2,552 3,10060 and under 70 cents. 255 134 170 180 258 322 101 115 243 308 101 115 16 12 1,463 1,558 54 27 5 6 299 313 2,965 3,08970 and under 80 cents. 116 62 141 140 358 488 104 126 324 348 93 65 6 9 1,329 1,393 9 5 1 309 324 2,790 2,96080 and under 90 cents. 38 27 108 106 494 601 120 156 288 255 32 25 15 19 1,2C7 957 3 1 1 3 289 278 2,595 2,42890 cents and under $1. 27 7 101 75 535 428 150 155 221 173 17 8 16 15 860 660 2 2 200 172 2,129 1,695$1 and under $1.10...... 6 4 71 58 390 300 122 121 132 109 6 4 11 12 585 424 1 1 2 4 151 114 1,477 1,151$1.10 and under $1.20.. 4 3 54 35 263 196 no 117 94 63 3 3 11 3 380 245 4 111 77 1,034 742$1.20 and under $1.30— 2 2 35 23 184 156 95 83 42 20 3 1 1 272 130 54 42 688 457$1.30 and under $1.40.. 1 2 25 12 126 64 98 56 20 18 2 148 46 1 2 56 27 477 227$1.40 and under $1.60.. 3 1 18 7 74 29 52 44 15 9 1 71 34 1 27 19 261 144-$1.50 and under $1.60.. 1 11 4 27 20 44 15 7 5 37 13 23 8 150 65$1.60 and under $1.70 7 3 21 10 18 10 5 3 1 21 6 13 12 86 44$1.70 and under $1.80 3 8 3 12 2 2 14 3 i____ 7 5 46 13$1.80 and under $1.90 3 6 2 3 2 1 1 4 !_____ 9 1 • 26 6$1.90 and under $2....... 5 1 3 1 1 2 1 7 16 4$2 and under $2,60....... 4 3 2 2 2 6 5 5 2 19 12$2.50 and under $3....... 1 1 1 1 1 4 1

Total.................. 1,537 1,637 1,103 1,103 3,155 3,155 1,146 1,146 1,749 1,749 418 418 89 89 8,766 8,766 544 . 544 25 25 2,062 12,062 20,594 20,594Average earnings, in

cents, per hour......... 64.0 48.6 78.7 70.5 92.3 85.0 104.7 96.9 80.9 76.1 64.7 60.1 87.9 8-1.3 76.8 69.6 43.6 40.2 81.5 76.5 79.4 73.0 78.3 7L5


T a b le C .— N umber of miners and loader sin each State whose average earnings per hourwere withineach classified amount, 1926, by occupation— Continued

CO05

Occupation and classified earnings per hour

MINERS, MACHINE (CUTTEBS)

Under 30 cents................BO and under 40 cents___40 and under 50 cents— 50 and under 60 cents... 60 and under 70 cents... 70 and under 80 cents...80 and under 90 cents___90 cents and under $1____$1 and under $1.10______$1.10 and under $1.20___$1.20 and under $1.30___$1.30 and under $1.40___$1.40 and under $1.50___$1.50 and under $1.60___$1.60 and under $1.70___$1.70 and under $1.80___$1.80 and under $1.90___$1.90 and under $2.......... .$2 and under $2.50...........$2.50 and under $3______$3 and over.......................

Total..................Average earnings, in cents,

per hour....................

Number of employees whose average hourly earnings, based on time at face and time in mine, were within each specified amount

Alabama

Atface

149

91.1

Inmine

14983.2

Colorado

Atface

109107.1

Inmine

10999.7

Illinois

Atface

76

11365881

116129128129122111818268

14794

1,326150.1

Inmine

129

12335395

123137159140123110907469444822

1,326135.8

Indiana

Atface

206161.4

Inmine

206151.4

Kentucky

Atface

732

1237786837267

10554321516 10 106

80595.6

Inmine

1150

1308775 9076 64

1103624121396543

80590.5

Ohio

Atface

700120.2

Inmine

196839479284

100535737372318474

700110.8

Pennsylvania

Atface

5101249

127 171 198 185 219 153 158 11577816050 28 30 56 133

1,800113.3

Inmine

1427

1021681982022441651601218087595330292122

1,800104.1

Atface

3851.8

Inmine

Virginia

Atface

3848.2

9782.1

Inmine

9777.5

West Virginia

Atface

825120.0

Inmine

110.8

Total

Atface

53178

3093Q84354714855655875744233513072851971641382973312

6,055119.5

Inmine

843

16036643045452865655765246938431827721516112996

128186

6,055110.1

BITU

MIN

OU

S COAL

MIN

ING


GENERAL TABLES 37T a b l e D .— Number of employees other than miners and loaders in each State

whose average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1926

Place of work, occupation, and classified earnings per hour

Number of employees in each occupation whose average hourly earningswere within each classified amount

Ala- Colo-rado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsyl

vaniaTen-nes- Vir-

giniaWestVirginia

INSIDE MINE

Brakemen:Under 30 cents............ .30 and under 40 cents .. 40 and under 50 cents.. 50 and under 60 cents.. 60 and under 70 cents.. 70 and under 80 cents.. 80 and under 90 cents.. 90 cents and under $1.. $1 and under $1.10____

Total.........................Average earnings, in

cents, per hour..........

112376

15

657 1011

16

244481501214

143

1374

1631

168

372

4221

130737669928

Bratticemen and timbermen:

Under 30 cents.............30 and under 40 cents. . 40 and under 50 cents. 50 and under 60 cents. . 60 and under 70 cents. _ 70 and under 80 cents. . 80 and under 90 cents 90 cents and under $1$1 and under $1.10___$1.20 and under $1.30. $1.30 and under $1.40.

Total........................ .Average earnings, in

cents per hour______Drivers:

Under 30 cents_______30 and under 40 cents.. 40 and under 50 cents.. 50 and under 60 cents.. 60 and under 70 cents.. 70 and under 80 cents.. 80 and under 90 cents.. 90 cents and under $1.. $1 and under $1.10____

Total______________Average earnings, in

cents, per hour..........Laborers:

Under 30 cents...........30 and under 40 cents. . 40 and under 50 cents.. 50 and under 60 cents. _ 60 and under 70 cents . 70 and under 80 cents. _ 80 and under 90 cents. 90 cents and under $1.$1 and under $1.10___$1.30 and under $1.40.

Total........................ .Average earnings, in

cents, per hour......... .

20043.2

5867.0

10893.1

16 79155.4

18891.2

98176.5 45.6 57.8

517

22

30253214

4037121

14845.0

8470.5

520 9091.5

4294.1 60.0

33952

1164

1492

30144

1

1560

3517

10459

41335.6

25570.6

49393.6

17591.2

10494.3 55.8

7945334869151 1

91,112

55

1382

»1

30179420326

2308915

96539.8

1,12291.1

15193.4

2185.7

1,661 50.7

2321

134

318778

2774

25273

26798.3

71974.6 43.1 50.3

44261.4

32

4342

61754

5544

148

605366211

1,27376.0

6539.6

5841.6

76357.3

281

192

92427570

245473

1

6023550

47430

1,04986

14636

50585.9

2,08167.6

11137.2

34542.6

1,80053.6

1 Worked part time as machine miner.



T a b l e D.— Number of employees other than miners and loaders in each Statewhose average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1926— Con.

Place of work, occupation, and classified earnings per hour

Number of employees in each occupation whose average hourly earningswere within each classified amount

Alabama

Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsyl

vaniaTen-nes- Vir-

giniaWestVirginia

Total

inside mine—continued

Motormen:30 and under 40 cents__40 and under 50 cents__50 and under 60 cents__60 and under 70 cents.70 and under 80 cents.80 and under 90 cents.90 cents and under $1.$1 and under $1.10___$1.10 and under $1.20. $1.30 and under $1.40. $1.40 and under $1.50.

T otal-......................Average earnings, in

cents, per hour..........177

45.3Trackmen:

Under 30 cents..............30 and under 40 cents__40 and under 50 cents... 50 and under 60 cents... 60 and under 70 cents... 70 and under 80 cents... 80 and under 90 cents... 90 cents and under $1...$1 and under $1.10.........$1.10 and under $1.20—.

Total.........................Average earnings, in

cents, per hour_____OUTSIDE MINE

Carpenters and car-repair men:

30 and under 40 cents__40 and under 50 cents__50 and under 60 cents... 60 and under 70 cents... 70 and under 80 cents... 80 and under 90 cents... 90 cents and under $1...$1 and under $1.10.........$1.20 and under $1.30—

T ota l........................Average earnings, in

cents, per hour..........Laborers:

Under 30 cents..............30 and under 40 cents__40 and under 50 cents__50 and under 60 cents__60 and under 70 cents__70 and under 80 cents__80 and under 90 cents__90 cents and under $1__$1 and under $1.10.........

Total. ...................Average earnings, :

cents, per hour___

14145.0

12240.9

22662

62028.8

179378

7118

4

449

460325

5784

144

1971

1848299

41831

26140

764

6042351461151

68226

1,33277928186

939517

821

4171.5

557 135 20 101.2 101.4 100.1

22991.1 76.6

7145.4

17350.2

1, 111 61.9

4,23971.8

2671

1

10171.6

674

23451.9

11144

7

16291.5

1446

667843

77885.8

51

1172

31

125 31 93.1 93.7

2186

4943

2622831

83

1981

73657.4

22891.6

19 I........4 I 1 2 1

254

108138

209

2985.0

34 6 2

14511

162

2 ! 214i

95. 9 i 56.2 91.0

56484689

3772

99674.4

4243.9

39118

4

371

55 265636 1,365148 700126 274

2 3943 1,5201 8

116148.9

1,01160.9

4,24670.5

251

1221256973536

501 3543.2

40 464 499

5 70100

623109

265161

5383.1

1,190 43.7

474

84.7

302713936G017940

489351

56.3146

33.9

2111910851142

57244387288135140276171

5750.8

31561.5

1,54565.4

12066708011252421

4921,4551,7941,669

365191

1,617

29236.1

1,830 48.2

7,87754.6


GENERAL TABLES 39T a b l e E.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State who

worked each classified number of hours in half month, 1926

Place of work, occupation, and classified hours in half month

Number of employees in each occupation whose hours were within eachclassified group

Alabama

Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsyl

vaniaTennessee

Virginia

WestVirginia

Total

inside mine

Brakemen:1Under 8 hours.............8 and under 16 hours. . . 16 and under 24 hours.. 24 and under 32 hours.. 32 and under 40 hours. 40 and under 48 hours.. 48 and under 56 hours.. 66 and under 64 hours.. 64 and under 72 hours. 72 and under 80 hours.. 80 and under 88 hours.. 88 and under 96 hours.. 96 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 176 and under 184 hours.

Total........................Average hours worked

in half month............Bratticemen and timber-

men: 1Under 8 hours...............8 and under 16 hours... 16 and under 24 hours. 24 and under 32 hours.. 32 and under 40 hours.. 40 and under 48 hours.. 48 and under 56 hours. 56 and under 64 hours.. 64 and under 72 hours. 72 and under 80 hours. 80 and under 88 hours.. 88 and under 96 hours.. 96 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 176 and under 184 hours. 184 and under 192 hours.

T ota l.......................Average hours worked

in half month............

20075.3

14888.9

14121218172029435584

10091875121561

8513034 33 3035 39 37 47 73 93

105844520166131

522121915101840483578

119149183100563918834

426212532403545517389

13716816187.283513115 4 2 1

58 I 669i

96.1 ! 84.1108 791

73.5188

81.1

98192.3

7170.1

193 1,09385.9

84108.8

55

111012172023295476

1118138203311

161012103731456474

10614370391716871

52086.7

9093.9

4291.2

39384.9

26778.0

71992.1

2987.8

44294.2

2513495

1111151191481842282644125696446243401551094721129

4,36883.8

9493958435666

10911617024231546848627514472421516 6 1 2 1

2,80089.2

i The hours tor this occupation are hours actually worked.



T a b l e E.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whoworked each classified number of hours in half month, 1926— Continued


Number of employees in each occupation whose hours were within each > classified group

Alabama

Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kansas

Kentucky Ohio

Pennsyl

vaniaTennessee

Virginia

WestVirginia

Total

4 1 2 2 4 1 1 7 2224 3 12 4 18 19 19 4 26 12925 6 6 5 18 9 20 1 2 17 10918 4 10 2 11 13 19 1 2 13 9314 2 6 7 7 9 13 1 18 7713 4 7 8 11 14 19 1 22 9918 9 11 7 8 12 28 3 1 24 12116 3 36 9 25 37 54 3 3 35 22115 10 20 9* 6 17 34 70 4 4 39 22820 4 38 16 15 39 36 68 12 3 72 32324 34 39 21 18 61 38 90 14 6 98 44353 24 52 31 10 63 65 178 10 10 120 61670 40 90 28 23 62 77 234 1 12 118 75562 42 73 14 20 72 36 280 8 11 91 70916 37 54 5 7 40 16 109 3 27 31413 22 24 5 4 24 7 31 1 17 1484 7 9 2 1 5 4 23 1 8 642 3 4 6 10 4 291 1 1 5 3 5 4 20

2 21 2 3

i 1 1 2! 1 11 11 i 1.........i..........

413 255 493 175 104 492 439 1,273 65 58 763 4,53076.0 91.7 88.4 77.7 94.0 84.2 77.7 89.5 73.8 86.7 80.6 84.4

8 5 2 52 13 7 7 5 22 12162 : 28 21 2 167 58 36 15 15 69 47357 24 6 2 92 33 45 6 12 60 33740 1 32 4 2 65 25 42 5 15 65 29542 ' 20 2 60 24 38 5 14 52 25734 2 30 3 64 35 38 7 14 48 27544 2 41 3 58 27 62 4 18 50 30953 1 62 5 65 18 68 4 28 91 39537 2 84 5 1 75 22 84 5 32 81 42852 4 50 7 2 135 40 135 8 41 98 57281 162 14 2 109 45 166 7 24 137 74791 1 170 23 2 157 37 233 9 34 201 958

127 9 215 21 4 165 45 331 10 41 202 1,170109 17 118 12 3 168 44 387 14 34 240 1,14688 9 48 13 92 20 181 5 12 162 63019 9 18 6 1 54 9 104 4 97 32112 5 9 2 34 6 67 58 1933 4 2 22 32 27 904 2 13 2 15 2 20 581 8 1 4 7 211 2 2 6 11

2 1 2 3 8i ________ i________ 1 2 3

1 1i _____i_____ 1 2 1 4

. 965 61 1,122 151 | 21 1,661 505 2,081 111 345 1,800 8,823

.! 74.3 100.5 79.7 73.7 | 71.4 70.5 63.2 j 89.1 59.5 70.4 83.1 78.7


Drivers:1Under 8 hours.............8 and under 16 hours... 16 and'under 24 hours. 24 and under 32 hours. 32 and under 40 hours. 40 and under 48 hours. 48 and under 56 hours. 56 and under 64 hours. 64 and under 72 hours.. 72 and under 80 hours 80 and under 88 hours.. 88 and under 96 hours.. 96 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 176 and under 184 hours. 184 and under 192 hours. 192 hours and over.

Total........................ .Average hours worked

in half month............Laborers:1

Under 8 hours............. .8 and under 16 hours... 16 and under 24 hours.. 24 and under 32 hours.. 32 and under 40 hours.. 40 and under 48 hours.. 48 and under 56 hours.. 56 and under 64 hours.. 64 and under 72 hours.. 72 and under 80 hours.. 80 and under 88 hours.. 88 and under 96 hours.. 96 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 176 and under 184 hours. 184 and under 192 hours. 192 hours and over.......

Total..........................IAverage hours worked I

t The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked.



worked each classified number of hours in half month, 1926— Continued



Alabama

Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsyl

vaniaTen- Vir-

giniaWestVirginia

Total


Loaders, hand: *Under 8 hours.............8 a n d u n d e r 16 h o u r s . . . 16 a n d u n d e r 24 h o u r s . . 24 a n d u n d e r 32 h o u r s . . 32 a n d u n d e r 40 h o u r s . . 40 a n d u n d e r 48 h o u r s . . 48 a n d u n d e r 66 h o u r s . . 66 a n d u n d e r 64 h o u r s . . 64 a n d u n d er 72 h o u r s . . 72 a n d u n d e r 80 h o u r s— 80 a n d u n d e r 88 h o u r s . . 88 a n d u n d e r 96 h o u r s . . 96 a n d u n d e r 104 h o u r s . 104 a n d u n d e r 112 hours. 112 a n d u n d e r 120 h o u rs . 120 a n d u n d e r 128 h o u r s . 128 a n d u n d e r 136 h o u r s . 136 a n d u n d e r 144 h o u r s . 144 an d u n d e r 152 h o u rs . 162 a n d u n d e r 160 h o u rs . 160 a n d u n d e r 168 h o u rs . 168 a n d u n d e r 176 h o u r s . 176 a n d u n d e r 184 hours. 184 a n d u n d e r 192 hours. 192 h ou rs a n d o v e r _____



2696

1109696

131115175181221288384217398289173

9651

611272624233733356583

199203129162352

28132152159266572240500

1,199932

1,0461,6861,8701,179

805665

1215142435426776

145227327356257

5

102302358407396492644

9391,042

9331,008

84660220611614422

167177248375508 492509 678 652 761755756 404 148141

419 458 462 517 613 963

1,204 1,590 1,683 2,271 2,368 2,560 1,961 1,104

338 60 16 12

24577281658585

12013518117222822116315529136

140 274 320 420 449 575 775 801 971

1,115 1,210 1,186 1,101

762 493 225 46 18 6 1 6 2 1 1

3,07081.4

1,099 11,51186.1

1,60278.1

>,904

74.25,74777.8

19,C6585.9

62568.2

1,894

76.110,89773.3

Miners, hand or pick:9Under 8 hours..........8 and under 16 hours . . . 16 and under 24 hours.. 24 and under 32 hours.. 32 and under 40 hours.. 40 and under 48 hours.. 48 and under 56 hours.. 56 and under 64 hours.. 64 and under 72 hours.. 72 and under 80 hours.. 80 and under 88 hours.. 88 and under 96 hours.. 96 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours.

Total.........................Average hours worked


2252833 3134 44 60 77

119130172177251158110246011

423423721317430304158

11316922716934

131233654488296481468497010

38

1639633678

1061711702871452752

146294486134248144

4

48 152 155 172 225 186 225 348 542 506 676 971

1,174 1,344 1,226

669 99

111122720311925536934

100833425

253246347994

137169196241263287210131613113715

476 1,378 1,665 1,866 2,073 2,864 3,129 3,899 5,191 6,019 6,578 8,054 8,053 6,829 4,895 2,591

620 163 27 19 15 6 1 2 2

6,41480.3

97304364412529559761

1,0521,6232,3212,1182,3872,5312,5551,748

94116910510

1,53790.8

1,103 1.4

3,15584.1

1,146 70.7

1,74971.7

41891.6

8,76679.6

544

75.625

86.02,06275.7

20,594

84.3

* The hours for this occupation are total hours in mine, including hours actually worked, travel time in mine, and lunch time.



T a b l e E .—Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whoworked each classified number of hours in half month, 1926— Continued

Place of work, occupation, and classified hours in half month Ala

bama


Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kansas

Kentucky Ohio

Pennsyl

vaniaTen- ! Vir- West

Virginia

Total


Miners, machine:2Under 8 hours...............8 and under 16 hours... 16 and under 24 hours. 24 and under 32 hours.. 32and under 40 hours.. 40 and under 48 hours. 48 and under 56 hours.. 56 and under 64 hours.. 64 and under 72 hours.. 72 and under 80 hours. 80 and under 88 hours. 88 and under 96 hours.. 96 and under 104 hours 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 186 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 176 and under 184 hours. 184 and under 192 hours. 192 hours and over..



118151518783457

1581781342011771305650

12372316171616373527527387

151816631107

3 10 12 164

2133 3234 52 61 46 69

14110239135 5 2

149 ! 109 100.5 ! 95.4

1,326 !. 4

20679.7

21423 2624 2725 32 50 86

1141181822863332441035425197312

17

2111141523 27 31 42 55

10776

12091904124 756 7 4

80589.3

70090.7

1,800102.5

38 | 97i

91.8 105.3825

96.9Motormen:1

Under 8 hours..........8 and under 16 hours... 16 and under 24 hours.. 24 and under 32 hours. 32 and under 40 hours. 40 and under 48 hours. 48 and under 56 hours.. 56 and under 64 hours.. 64 and under 72 hours. 72 and under 80 hours. 80 and under 88 hours. 88 and under 96 hours. 96 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 176 and under 184 hours. 184 and under 192 hours.


in half month.............

3321

101918352830972121

17798.3

41

103.0

55790.6

13590.3

20

84.2

1282017 1413 1218 20 29 49 73

10110782542914 7 5

155

15 10 12 1816 3447 65

1041811901288548 27 175321

1

24 26 12 20 142533 38 51 71

115159201114774934 24 1053

91.0

229 ! 1,023 j 71 | 173

87.8 99.0 i 90.4 100.1

1, 111

95.6

281091039390

16914519432540746161769688675753520810846371912721

6,055

3857054596392

103156215345487666711472291160975624146

94.7

i The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked.* The hours for this occupation are total hours in mine, including hours actually worked, travel time in

mine, and lunch time.



worked each classified number of hours in half month, 1926— Continued

Place of work, occupation, and classified hours in hal lmonth Ala

bama


Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsyl

vaniaTen- Vir-

giniaWestVirginia

Total


Trackmen:1Under 8 hours..............8 and under 16 liours._. 16 and under 24 hours.. 24 and under 32 hours.. 32 and under 40 hours.. 40 and under 48 hours.. 48 and under 56 hours.. 56 and under 64 hours.. 64 and under 72 hours.. 72 and under 80 hours.. 80 and under 88 hours.. 88 and under 96 hours.. 96 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 184 and under 192 hours. 192 hours and over____

10

1022142931366296

1639152267

218131215 9

2624344459

10312211468SO1716

10161317 12 11 46 51 75

111150179117904618 16

34

3 12 123 92 12

11 2212 215 30

191 5

71

5 18 16 1924 30 26 39 43 48 58

106142147129644625 1276 1

Total.........................Average hours worked

in half month...........

1141

93.7101

108.7674

86.8

12591.4

3194.8

73688.4

22882.1

996 1 42 97.0 84.4

161B9.2

1,011

90.0OUTSIDE MINE

Carpenters and car-repairmen1____ _________

Under 8 hours............. .8 and under 16 hours. .. 16 and under 24 hours.. 24 and under 32 hours.. 32 and under 40 hours..40 and under 48 hours.. 48 and under 56 hours.. 56 and under 64 hours.. 64 and under 72 hours.. 72 and under 80 hours.. 80 and under 88 hours.. 88 and under 96 hours..96 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 176 and under 184 hours. 192 hours and over____

Total..................... .Average hours worked

in half month............122

92.039

110.6

162 29 2 101.9 100. 6 92.0

21494.7 88.0

501101.6

5795.2

31598.2

10756673

13219421831352171365146726114475422110214

4,24691.0

1151824 19 19 31 44 44 61 95

153233285218127753425 1345 1 1

1,54598.3

* The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked.



T a b l e E .—Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whoworked each classified number of hours in half month, 1926— Continued

Place of work, occupation, and classified hours in half month Ala

bama

Number of employees in each occupation whose hours were within each classified group

Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan-tucky Ohio

Pennsyl

vaniaTen-nes- Vir-

giniaWestVirginia

Total

o u t s id e m in e — continuedLaborers:1

Under 8 hours............. .8 and under 16 hours... 16 and under 24 hours.. 24 and under 32 hours.. 32 and under 40 hours.. 40 and under 48 hours.. 48 and under 56 hours.. 56 £uid under 64 hours. 64 and under 72 hours.. 72 and under 80 hours.. 80 and under 88 hours.. 88 and under 96 hours. 06 and under 104 hours. 104 and under 112 hours. 112 and under 120 hours. 120 and under 128 hours. 128 and under 136 hours. 136 and under 144 hours. 144 and under 152 hours. 152 and under 160 hours. 160 and under 168 hours. 168 and under 176 hours. 176 and under 184 hours. 184 and under 192 hours. 192 hours and over___


in half month........... .

953

142010 27 3850 73

104149847351 23 2288322

8372526 16 223536 40 71

11611316020512164422020634

7 148 7

1025252131313677

1003829653

3.5234

108.6 94.1162 j 53

88.0 ! 91.81,190 90.3

8264044223153586375

103185340

156121543228

222639216048 57 63 76

1282122373101901299849 24 2174123

47480.2

146 292 1,830

177143152119184214250293429586813

1,2001,197

83549934816594722819958

97.9 1.7 84.4 95.27,87792.6

i The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked.


GENERAL TABLES 45T a b l e F .— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whose

earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1926

Place of work, occupation, and classified earnings in half month

Number of employees in each occupation whose earnings in half month werewithin each classified group

Alabama

Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsylva

niaTen- Vir-

giniaWestVirginia

Total

INSIDE MINE

Brakemen:Under $5...................$5 and under $10___$10 and under $15... $15 and under $20... $20 and under $25._. $25 and under $30... $30 and under $35... $35 and under $40. - . $40 and under $45... $45 and under $50... $50 and under $55... $55 and under $60... $60 and under $65... $65 and under $70... $70 and under $75... $75 and under $80... $80 and under $90... $90 and under $100.. $100 and under $110. $110 and under $120. $120 and under $140. $140 and under $160.

125

1188

10158

17112136244856

116139793411

43374142 40 34 59 74 97

1017221322013122220

621118

13121123 16 30 5867

113998370

1111196824 153

27222233 41 45 50 77 83

1291521226948553934 32751

9412298

118144151198254 274 364 338255 279 220 227 206 359 370 187743241

Total........................ .Average earnings in

half month............... .200 58 I 669 108

$32.55 $64.38 $78.92 $78.0416

$78.49791 188

$40.70 $73.91981

$70.6471 I 193

$26. 71 $38.191,093 4,368 $49.65 $57.61

Bratticemen and timbermen:

Under $5.......................$5 and under $10..........$10 and under $15.........$15 and under $20.........$20 and under $25.........$25 and under $30.........$30 and under $35.........$35 and under $40_____$40 and under $45.........$45 and under $50.........$50 and under $55.........$55 and under $60.........$60 and under $65.........$65 and under $70.........$70 and under $75.........$75 and under $80.........$80 and under $90.........$90 and under $100.......$100 and under $110___$110 and under $120___$120 and under $140___$140 and under $160___


half month............... .148

$39.99Drivers:

Under $5...............$5 and under $10.. $10 and under $15. $15 and under $20. $20 and under $25. $25 and under $30. $30 and under $35. $35 and under $40. $40 and under $45. $45 and under $50. $50 and under $55. $55 and under $60. $60 and under $65..

4 15 9 2 9 9 4

16201

23 18 10 53 79

1834224

84 I 520 90 $76.68 $81.36 $85.84

42 j 393 267 719 $85.75 $50.95 $76.66 $68.73

4446

10126

151827515174

10775 44 96 72 25 144

29

2917.87$41.88

21818151813132441367896

148

442$57.90

241321241626434980

12410711741

48234057 53 77 99

109172 223 175 227 213 163173 308 398 12158 294

2,800$66.20

7813478

108105151194240285281312322

62411°— 27-


46 BITUMINOUS COAL MINItfG

T a b l e F.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whoseearnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1926— Continued

Place of work, occupation, and classified earnings in half month Ala

bama


Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsylva

niaTen-nes- Vir-

ginia Virginia

Total


Drivers—Continued.$65 and under $70. $70 and under $75... $75 and under $80... $80 and under $90... $90 and under $100.. $100 and under $110. $110 and under $120. $120 and under $140. $140 and under $160.

27242665

1216946131

10820

16912082

181135498

30125422040046318477

Total.........................Average earnings in

half month.................413 255

$27.11 $64.70Laborers:

Under $5...................$5 and under $10___$10 and under $15...$15 and under $20__$20 and under $25___$25 and under $30...$30 and under $35___$35 and under $40___$40 and under $45__$45 and under $50__$50 and under $55___$55 and under $60___$60 and under $65___$65 and under $70___$70 and under $75___$75 and under $80__$80 and under $90___$90 and under $100.. $100 and under $110.. $110 and under $120.. $120 and under $140.. $140 and under $160.. $180 and under $200.

758263 73 86 90

1031081235964 8 9

1621


half m onth...............965

29.55Loaders, hand:

Under $5...................... .$5 and under $10......... .$10 and under $15____$15 and under $20.........$20 and under $25........ .$25 and under $30.........$30 and under $35_____$35 and un er $40_____$40 and under $45.........$45 and under $50.........$50 and under $55.........$55 and under $60.........$60 and under $65.........$65 and under $70.........$70 and under $75.........$75 and under $80.........$80 and under $90.........$90 and under $100____$100 and under $110___$110 and under $120___$120 and under $140___$140 and under $160....$160 and under $180___$180 and under $200___$200 and under $220___

Total..........................Average earnings in

half month.................

12914917122722325735040330724118414491614631299722

3,070$35.47

493 175 104 492 439 1,273 $82.79 $70.90 $88.63$47.02j$72.72 $67.96

61►6.73

1,122

$72.64

31 20 2032 344546 74 49 59 74 66 81 81 68

108716137253

1,099$64.07

423245

27 187

2725 19 59 67 22 42

118128265144721412

107 97 93

133 136 160 10

262 366 394 495 529 604 829 765

1,542 1,249 1,176

966 1,185

151 19 3 1

15168.76

21 1,661 $61. 22 $35. 77

1413111218252542384861•82S998

11225027821181756

11,5111,602 $83.07 $81.25

65$29.18

58 763 4,530 $36.03 $46.15 $59.80

210119798776

1151301571821038365412637526722

32644049652606573081393285078966552544735028522634321814471.4993

9,904

$42.98

263837374034637173

16126924019417711710715513462271711

7367 75 5668 84

10813017319722317511574 64 42 45 24

505$54.27

2,081 $60.18

111

$22.15345 jl, 800

!$29.97'$44.51

421261221522282883474224474625264924894584073435464002351138616

7510083

10510814516316819114712792735358506343249

134

6,747 19,065 $58.48 $55; 94

625$27.68

1,894

$42.33

22130332741244852563480083287885980066765352442768643921711510220

10,897 $52.05

445429 345 312 350430 492 606 657 577 726 596 406 376 371 380 624 412 186613831

8,8! $48. i

1,213 1,804 1,862 2,253 2,660 3,019 3,600 4,157 4,374 4,347 4,212 4,090 3,834 3,526 3,482 2,952 4,971 3,643 2,578 1,661 1,796

280 79 13 3

66,414$57.48


GENERAL TABLES 47T a b l e F.—Number of employees %n each specified occupation in each State whose

earnings in half*month were within each classified amount, 1926— Continued


bama


Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsylva

niaTen-nes- Vir-

giniaWestVirginia

Total

in s id e m in e — continuedMiners, hand and pick:

Under $5...................$5 and under $10-----$10 and under $15-.. $15 and under $20... $20 and under $25.. - $25 and under $30... $30 and under $35... $35 and under $40. _. $40 and under $45... $45 and under $50... $50 and under $55... $55 and under $60... $60 and under $65... $65 and under $70... $70 and under $75. . . $75 and under $80... $80 and under $90... $90 and under $100.. $100 and under $110. $110 and under $120. $120 and under $140. $140 and under $160. $160 and under $180. $180 and under $200. $200 and under $220.

2947536675

10712314616016313299

10082553539224

10402439326594

109126134

225245264249432293174979338132

101924365250 55 43 57 54 71 6951 62 76

1059197575092

113536 43 55 78 77

11512515517317212913111275

11261331452

131165163187226309326380473550580590633634 594 503 855 654 418 204 16717511

283637 57 65 90

111141143150182170147153134122145774017143

262410403508601852944

1,087224347425423408316 135

1,813 1,305

824 428 367 90 23 3 1


half month.................Miners, machine (cutters):

Under $5..................... .$5 and under $10.........$10 and under $15.........$15 and under $20____$20 and under $25____$25 and under $30.........$30 and under $35____$35 and under $40.........$40 and under $45.........$45 and under $50____$50 and under $55.........$55 and under $60____$60 and under $65....... .$65 and under $70.........$70 and under $75.........$75 and under $80.........$80 and under $90.........$90 and under $100___$100 and under $110___$110 and under $120___$120 and under $140___$140 and under $160___$160 and under $180.. $180 and under $200.. $200 and under $220.. $220 and under $240.. $240 and under $260.. $260 and under $280.. $280 and under $300.. $300 and over.______

1,537 1,103 3,155 j1,146 1,749 $44.121 $60.95* $71.47 $68.50 $54.53

418 $54.99 $64.67

,766 82.39

544 $30.37

25 $65.83

062 20,594 $55.21 $80,31


half month...............

149

$83.61

10

25293854

1061271091202331897551127

109 1,326 ! 206 $95.12 $111.89 $120.68

11111171418 17 26 22 29 43 39 71 80 75 74

17615713913526117586483515 2

1328

805

$80. 83$]1100.49

700 1,800 38

$106.70 $44.20

2578

80619187

1191921711992062422685544844834697945812801841065011177

1197 825 6,055

$81.60j$107-39!$102.68



Table F.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whoseearnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1926— Continued


bama


Colorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kan- Ken-tucky Ohio

Pennsylva

niaTen-nes- Vir-

giniaWestVirginia

Total

in s id e m in e —continuedMotormen:

Under $5.......................$5 and under $10......... .$10 and under $15.........$15 and under $20.........$20 and under $25.........$25 and under $30____$30 and under $35........$35 and under $40........$40 and under $45........$45 and under $50........$50 and under $55........$55 and under $60........$60 and under $65.........$65 and under $70... $70 and under $75... $75 and under $80... $80 and under $90.. _ $90 and under $100.. $100 and under $110. $110 and under $120. $120 and under $140. $140 and under $160.


half month............... .

132213

132

138

1922243088

10490

13 3 7

101214 3 6

28376077

123112115143135604225

15 24 1716 20 193334 57 74

10812515791

105

844350645595

11117727532534336131131426542840722415210512

177$44.57

41 557 $73.65:$91.76

135 20 697 229 1,028 '1.58 $84.25 $55.02 $79.93 $75.88

71 173 1,111 4,239 $41.02 $50.27 $59.21 $67.97

Trackmen:Under $5............ ...........$5 and under $10_____$10 and under $15.........$15 and under $20.........$20 and under $25.........$25 and under $30.........$30 and under $35.........$35 and under $40.........$40 and under $45.........$45 and under $50.........$50 and under $55.........$55 and under $60.........$60 and under $65.........$65 and under $70_____$70 and under $75.........$75 and under $80.........$80 and under $90.........$90 and under $100____$100 and under $110___$ 110 and under $120___$120 and under $140___$140 and under $160___$180 and under $200._.

Total...................Average earnings

half month—141

$42.15

829656

204

13 255

29 326

541152345830 13

101 | 674 $77.90$81.36 $85.12

125

1416141525 1938 43 64

1189473592926 2139 1982

545341482 i 10

18 !

SI8 ;4 I7 I

31 53 I 26 | 14 !6 ii ;

l679

1214111625304972

1091149576

1351005740171

31 736 228 j 996 42 $88.85 $50.76;$75.19 $72.14,$37.01

161$43.6:

14182129252829485684

127133105825345622916

1,011 17 $54.81

446655728791

1131792083043633193383012042364344831931114221

4,246 $64.15


GEtfEBAti TABLES 49Table P.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whote

earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1986— Continued

Number of employees in each occupation whose earnings in half month were within each classified group

x iaw oi worn, occupdiioii; and classified earnings in half month Ala

bamaColorado

Illinois

Indiana

Kansas

Kentucky Ohio

Pennsylva

niaTennessee

Virginia

WestVirginia

Total

OUTSIDE MINE

Carpenters and car-repairmen:

Under $5_____________ 2 1 1 1 3$5 and under $10______ 6 1 5 1 3 2 2 20$10 and under $15_. . . . 5 3 4 6 1 1 2 22$15 and under $20_____ 6 2 1 4 3 1 9 26$20 and under $25_____ 2 1 1 5 6 1 7 23$25 and under $30......... 5 4 1 4 1 2 5 22$30 and under $35......... 18 1 8 1 5 4 4 6 47$35 and under $40......... 12 3 8 1 6 6 6 7 48$40 and under $45......... 25 1 26 1 19 5 9 17 103$45 and under $50......... 22 1 2 26 36 4 7 18 110$50 and under $55......... 10 1 2 49 3 46 8 8 27 154$55 and under $60......... 6 2 8 17 5 66 1 8 45 158$60 and under $65......... 3 17 1 42 5 41 109$65 and under $70......... 4 9 1 8 5 51 4 25 107$70 and under $75_____ 2 11 3 1 8 3 38 1 34 101$75 and under $80_____ 4 11 6 3 29 1 34 88$80 and under $90_____ 10 24 8 9 15 47 22 135$90 and under $100____ 7 30 4 8 16 49 8 122$100 and under $110 2 25 7 1 4 10 16 3 68$110 and under $120 1 21 2 2 20 1 47$120 and under $140 10 1 5 1 17$140 and under $160 5 2 1

Total.......................... 122 39 162 29 2 214 69 501 35 57 315 1,545$64.28'

Average earnings in half month................. $37.61 $73.95 $93.24 $85.50 $88.25 $53.24,,$80.09$67.94$38.52 $48.39 $60.37

Laborers:Under $5_____________ 46 3 42 6 20 19 15 19 170$5 and under $10______ 42 2 7 4 1 42 14 35 11 12 32 202$10 and under $15_____ 32 1 6 2 29 6 42 11 6 40 175$15 and under $20_____ 75 4 1 1 38 4 40 8 23 49 243$20 and under $25_____ 95 2 2 1 2 64 8 53 13 22 84 346$25 and under $30_____ 129 7 19 2 94 7 72 33 42 83 488$30 and under $35_____ 118 7 15 2 1 138 20 77 21 60 135 594$35 and under $40_____ 56 12 7 1 168 14 156 19 50 213 696$40 and under $45_____ 17 10 15 4 167 14 179 10 37 226 679$45 and tinder $50......... 5 22 9 7 1 126 21 208 1 14 198 612$50 and under $55_____ 2 36 23 12 4 92 19 241 10 205 644$55 and under $60- _ — 3 24 22 4 4 44 19 175 169 464$60 and under $65 31 29 8 1 47 16 160 131 423$65 and under $70_____ ]_____ 23 53 10 5 37 27 120 1 79 355$70 and under $75_____ 1.......... 18 36 10 5 21 39 104 72 305$75 and under $80_____ i......... 16 91 18 3 14 47 80 1 44 313$80 and tinder $90_____ !_____ 12 184 44 7 25 113 179 1 41 605$90 and under $100____ 3 110 21 8 2 54 97 .........!......... 6 301$100 and under $110____ 1 75 10 6 19 47 .........1.......... 3 161$110 and under $120____ 36 1 4 4 11 ! 1 57$120 and under $140____ 31 1 3 2 37$140 and under $160____ 7 i 7

Total______________ 620 234 778 162 53 1,190$39.44

474 2,098 $55.11

146 1 292 1,830 7,877Average earnings in

half month____. . . . . . i$24.09 $56.41 $80.77 $72.90 $76.29:1

$67.97 $23.64 $30.49 $45.93j$50.531


T a b l e G .— Number of employees making each specified number @f start’s (days} in half month, 1926, by place of work, occupationr and State Or


Number of mines

Number of em

ployees

Average number of starts (days) in half month

Number of employees whose starts (days on which' they worked) m the half month were—

10 13 IS 16

INSIDE MINE

Brakemen: Alabama. Colorado. Illinois-. . Indiana..Kentucky........Ohio.................Pennsylvania..Tennessee........Virginia...........West Virginia.

Total..Bratticemen and timbermen:

Alabama....................... ......Colorado.............................Illinois.................................Indiana...............................Kansas........................ .......Kentucky...........................Ohio....................................Pennsylvania.....................Tennessee.......................... .Virginia..............................West Virginia...... ........... .

Total__Gagers:

Colorado.Illinois__Indiana__Kentucky. Ohio--------

231439145

8445

1471221

114

3215 3716 11 77 44

129

484

20058

66910816

79118898171

1931,093

14884

5209042

3932677192966

442

2,800

2210332174546

9.411.810.010.410.4 8.9

10.010.5 8.8 9.7

10.1 28

9.9 139

10.213.010.7 11.5 11.2 10.2 10.3 10.910.710.0 11.1

10.8 51 41

11.011.610.210.910.410,1

403

1127

30

253

105154

70 17 9299

92

363

90202

9522

1144

36157

2018

124292

12933

2208

17179

121

13729

2361754

2C0106 120 118 158 262 579 144

228

110139

6747

1227

1259

3130

105257

10349

2066

15175

53 56 67 117 115 166 257 476 752 182 107

BITU

MIN

OU

S C

OA

l,


Pennsylvania...................Virginia............................West Virginia..................

Total________________Drivers:

Alabama................ .........Colorado........... ..............Illinois..............................Indiana............................Kansas.............................Kentucky........................Ohio................. ..............Pennsylvania...................Tennessee........................Virginia...........................West Virginia..................

Total.............................Laborers:

Alabama........... ..............Colorado...... ...................Illinois............. ................Indiana...........................Kansas............ ...............Kentucky........................O h io ........................... .Pennsylvania...................Tennessee................... .Virginia............................West Virginia..................

Total.............................Loaders, contract:

Alabama_______________Colorado........ ..................Kentucky........................Tennessee........................Virginia.............................West Virginia...................

Total............................. .

i Data included in total.

571

16115

430

11.20)13.1

1 2 1 2 3 3 10(0

6 20)

13 20 39 10 3

2 10 7 6 5188 414 11.1 2 3 9 7 1 10 10 25 30 38 46 75 103 35 16 4

29 413 8.8 26 20 21 17 12 20 16 24 26 35 60 70 51 10 517 255 11.3 2 7 4 2 3 10 2 12 4 30 28 42 45 33 26 526 493 10.2 12 6 10 7 8 6 44 19 47 41 82 113 69 20 912 175 9.7 6 4 4 6 2 11 9 5 13 24 28 30 24 5 410 104 11.9 1 6 18 13 22 33 10 135 492 10.0 17 15 14 9 9 10 21 14 36 67 73 79 119 7 235 439 9.7 21 9 9 11 9 11 26 36 33 50 56 72 69 18 979 1,273 10.7 20 16 21 16 18 25 53 81 68 84 170 250 409 35 76 65 9.1 4 1 1 2 1 2 3 4 U 14 8 6 88 58 10.8 2 2 3 3 4 4 6 10 24

63 763 9.9 29 17 16 16 24 16 29 40 61 88 115 132 158 14 8 -------320 4,530 10.2 137 97 102 86 86 111 206 239 309 455 639 826 1,009 152 71 5

33 965 8.5 67 53 42 51 27 54 45 60 80 99 114 103 123 23 23 18 61 12.5 2 2 3 4 1 10 18 7 9 5

39 1,122 9.9 26 28 30 23 29 38 56 92 49 149 164 210 164 34 28 215 151 9.2 22 7 3 3 2 4 3 6 5 9 16 32 20 11 87 21 8.9 2 2 2 1 3 2 3 4 1 1

80 1,661 8.3 195 99 73 63 59 62 68 87 143 US 157 321 253 45 1833 505 8.2 52 41 22 21 24 17 20 24 32 39 52 62 61 32 5 1

144 2,081 10.7 41 44 41 38 39 53 68 96 135 142 247 403 535 126 67 611 111 7.6 20 6 5 6 7 3 2 6 7 5 13 11 14 618 345 8.4 19 12 16 14 15 20 26 53 32 18 27 41 43 7 2

112 1,800 9.8 89 57 66 50 46 56 81 82 112 138 190 236 464 87 35 11500 8,823 9.4 533 349 300 269 250 309 369 510 602 717 983 1,332 1,699 379 196 26

17 291 8.3 2 7 1 7 11 18 13 22 39 48 69 25 28 11 1 (0 (i)

26 244 10.8 1 1 3 6 5 8 7 12 11 25 29 62 741 7 0) (i) 0) (i)9 103 10.5 2 3 1 1 7 5 7 13 22 11 317 48 9.9 j 1 1 2 3 22 1 3 7 8

61 694 10.1 5 8 7 I! 14 18 29 28 42 79 87 124 I 106 146 1......... 1

O f

GENERAL

TAB

LES


Table G .— Number of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in half month, 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State— CgContinued

Number of mines

Num AverageTiiimhftr

Number of employees whose starts (days on which they worked) in the half month were—


ber of em

ployeesof starts (days) in half month

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

inside mine—continuedLoaders, hand:

2915

3,070 8.5 106 109 102 118 151 173 231 298 366 421 430 323 239 2 11,099

11,5111,602

10.0 14 26 23 22 31 37 39 58 73 185 206 139 202 43 1339

869.4

10.3128 159 157 252 581 341 939 1,237

68857 1,922 1,825 2,119 994

Indiana 14 19 19 26 38 53 35 136 153 288 752 1Kentucky 9,904 9.0 215 314 346 360 398 509 578 819 1,140 1,305 1,349 1,546 1,023 2Ohio . . 45 6,747 9.2 61 136 141 206 335 496 455 568 738 748 940 1,332 577 13 1Pennsylvania 130 19,065 9.7 314 390 475 444 552 735 926 1,432 1,791 2,219 2,879 3,810 3,088 9 1Tennessee 10

21625

1,8948.3 22 26 22 28 | 39 47 46 49 76 93 73 61 37 6

Virginia 9.0 44 75 66 81 j 87 66 102 147 161 239 306 279 235 5 1West Virginia.......................... 110 10,897 9.4 185 239 282 362 | 398 531 552 841 983 1,448 1,832 1,649 1,448 147

Total..................................... 488 | 66,414 9.4 1,103 | 1,493 i 1,633 | 1,899 i 2,610 ! 2,988 3,903 5,517 j 6,321 8,733 10,128 12,010 7,844 227 5 .........

Loaders, machine: Illinois 3 34 9.9 i I 1 * J 1

iI 2 | 7 10 2 4 3 3

j

TtiHiqtia 14 2723 0)8.8

(l)10.5

0)8.2

i.......... i 1! ( ,) i

0) 2 0) 1TTontnplrv 1 2 1 I 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 ! 1 5 5Ohio 1

61739

1 I A ; (1) ! i0) 1 (‘>7

0) 0)pATin vlvftTiift 1 ■ 1 1 1 1 j 2 8 6 10Tati 1 18

36112 1 ( ,)>

o 0) i 0) 1 0) 0) 0) 0Virrinift 2 1 1 , 21 1 2 1 2 1 .........1.........West Virginia.......................... 5 10.2 2 1 2 2 i 5 i1 i 7 10 I 8 14 11 23 14 11 2 !.........

Total...................................... 23 I 306 9.9 4 1 3 i 8 6 i n !I 8 17 33 i 20 44 i1 42 || 49 44 1 15 2 !.........Miners, gang:A ldKomo i 13

919 0)9.6

0)130)12

! i 1Illinois 21 8 21 Ii 21 25 56 129 1 88 183 116 144 103 1TndiftiiA 5 71

1547

9.49.1

11.22 I 3 6 2 6 19 8 6 19 ....... 1.........

2 2 5 1 5 2 1-Ohio......................................... 3 .......... ! 1 1 2 2 ! 2 5 5 . 16 13 1

Total.................................... 32 1,065 9.5 8 19 |1 19 23 1 25 34 65 137 | 109 197 132 181 116 !

Miners, hand or pick: A tflhftTTlA 17

1313

1,537 9.7 23 25 31 34 46 56 .83 115 144 212 260 273 234 1rVtlnrario i, las 10.2 20 36 38 27 34 70 37 29 44 60 113 200 266 129Illinois_____________________ 3,155 9.8 25 30 29 26 46 67 118 214 699 647 538 620 93 1

BITUM

TNO

XJS COAL

MIN

ING


Indiana...................................Kansas....................................Kentucky...............................Ohio........................................Pennsylvania.........................Tennessee...............................Virginia..................................West Virginia........................

Total...................................Miners, machine (cutters):

Alabama.................................Colorado.................................Illinois....................................Indiana...................................Kentucky........... ...................Ohio........................................Pennsylvania.........................Tennessee...........................Virginia..................................West Virginia_____________

Total....................................Miners’ , machine (cutters'), help

ers:Alabama.................................Colorado.................................Kentucky..............................Pennsylvania.........................Tennessee...............................Virginia..................................West Virginia........................

Total...................................Motormen:

Alabama.................................C olorado..............................Illinois....................................Indiana........ .........................Kansas.............. .....................Kentucky...............................Ohio.......................... ............Pennsylvania...... ..................Tennessee...............................Virginia..................................West Virginia.........................

Total....................................

811105

11071

59

254

44128102092

464

151

221139167

8545

1431321

118

520

1,146 1,749

418 89

8,766 544 25

2,062

20,594

149109

1,326206805700

1,8003897

825

6,055

1706

353151397291

177 41

557 135 20

697 229

1,028 71

173 1, 111

4,239

8.9 9.4

10.29.99.98.7

0)9.8

10.210.5 9.79.69.7

10.510.99.8

10.9 10.7

10.3

8.110.78.4

10.66.4 8.6 9.3

8.8

10.912.410.5 11.110.5 10.4 10.7 11.110.610.910.9

10.8

1568

(*)30

284

2.9

1814448

142

117

81

15113

29

324

13

154

25 12 2111

18

101

73

18624

0)33

3191

23016

50

95 81

25 28

62 63

3152133

2102245

504

162

64

45539

12304

18(l)

728

151

78891619

39934

112

985

218

12

40

90

125136162

53769

0)143

1,387

61

1665

342891

376

10

73

189

161420552

65574

0)199

2,454

125

79185654

11924

50

399

12

53

16

14

261

292407484

979114(*)

3,051

2016

244128753

11015

78

626

24

391

249231782

1,53492

C1)379

3,480

2713

24225

11760

22059

115

26

106

321

95254

9031

1237

27132

567

461369012

1,78835

(l)410

3,614

2914

237103170227435

413

113

1,345

140

1810

107193

11945

2771328

172

811

201406632

1,63325

0)256

2,772

34128

11671706101448

274

1,476

16

274

1719

144

25

" m50

2782175

1,193

1 Data included in total.


T a b l e G .— Number of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in half month, 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State— CnContinued

Num- Niim-Averagenumber



ber of mines

ber of em

ployeesof starts (days) in half month

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

inside mine—continuedPumpmen:

Alabama................................... 32 127 11.0 7 3 6 2 3 5 4 10 10 16 21 13 22 5Colorado........ .......................... 11 27 14.2 1 1 1 3 1 17 3Illinois________________ ____ 18 45 13.2 1 i 1 1 2 3 8 13 14 1Indiana........ ........ ................ . 12 31 13.5 1 1 2 1 6 7 13Kentucky_____________ ____ 65 154 11.9 7 2 1 5 1 1 5 1 5 7 9 18 33 13 33 13Ohio.......................................... 34 69 14.1 1 1 2 2 10 6 6 23 18Pennsylvania_______________ 127 341 13.8 2 2 3 1 2 3 2 5 4 12 15 49 44 153 44Tennessee................................. 8 19 9.6 3 1 2 1 1 4 3 4Virginia___________________ 11 30 8.0 2 3 3 2 3 I 2 5 2 5 2West Virginia______________ 84 238 12.5 1 3 3 1 3 2 6 4 5 10 15 32 68 14 51 ” "20

Total_____________________ 402 1,081 12.7 22 15 17 10 8 11 21 10 22 | 40 55 101 202 111 332 104Trackmen:

Alabama____ ______________ 36 141 10.5 4 3 1 5 1 3 2 12 12 15 18 19 31 5 9 1Colorado___________________ 17 101 13.0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 6 14 27 13 29 4Illinois_________________ ___ 39 674 10.7 8 11 9 8 22 14 26 32 38 57 100 155 116 52 26Indiana_______________ ____ 17 125 11.1 3 1 2 3 3 2 3 7 10 23 27 20 11 10Kansas.................................... 10 31 11.8 1 1 1 4 1 10 7 5 1Kentucky__________________ 86 736 10.5 16 15 13 14 15 21 21 34 44 55 116 152 180 29 11Ohio.......................................... 45 228 10.1 9 7 4 2 7 8 22 15 6 15 32 24 41 24 12Pennsylvania_______________ 151 996 11.4 6 9 14 12 17 14 16 47 63 81 101 167 307 76 63 3Tennessee............................... . 14 42 10.5 3 2 3 2 2 10 12 7 1Virginia.................................... 22 161 10.5 5 5 3 2 5 1 14 10 10 26 18 51 9 2West Virginia....................... 117 1,011 10.7 19 18 16 30 25 23 39 48 50 67 100 155 317 74 28 2

Total____________________ 554 4,246 10.8 74 69 64 74 90 92 132 209 234 || 318 533 753 1,104 298 192 10Trappers (boys):

Alabama................................... 12 39 9.5 1 3 3 1 2 3 2 2 7 8 7Colorado................................... 9 21 11.1 2 1 4 1 1 2 2 1 7Illinois_____________ 21 109 9.2 2 1 2 7 5 18 8 12 13 10 16 14 1Indiana____________________ 8 35 10.2 1 2 2 4 7 6 13Kentucky__________________ 34 107 10.1 2 1 3 1 3 6 5 7 7 10 11 28 22 1Ohio_______ _______________ 26 77 10.0 3 2 1 4 4 2 7 5 1 6 26 16Pennsylvania........................... 22 51 10.3 2 4 1 1 4 3 11 10 14 1

BITUM

INO

US

COAL M

ININ

G


Virginia.................................West Virginia..................—.

Total..................................Other employees:

Alabama...............................Colorado...............................Illinois...................................Indiana.................................Kansas..................................Kentucky.............................Ohio......................................Pennsylvania........................Tennessee................ ............Virginia.................................West Virginia...................

Total..................................OUTSIDE MINE

Blacksmiths:Alabama__________ ____Colorado___________ ______Illinois______ ____ ________Indiana___________ _______Kansas_____________ _____Kentucky______________Ohio........ ........................ .Pennsylvania....... ........... .Tennessee..........................Virginia........... ....................West Virginia____________

Total..................................Carpenters and car-repair men:

Alabama....................... .......Colorade--------------------------Illinois______ ____________Indiana____________ ______Kentucky_____Ohio__________Pennsylvania...Tennessee_____Virginia............West Virginia..

T©ta3________

61257

2550

179

8.99.9

10.2

1 134

1 228

827

73

13

31424

11250

142

15

28

7355 4 11 3

207 693 9.9 11 15 16 17 21 29 44 42 48 60 92 145 138 7 7 1

35 440 11.0 9 3 8 6 6 19 13 18 30 38 41 63 117 27 27 1516 115 13.1 1 1 1 1 5 5 2 8 37 13 36 539 820 11.5 5 15 3 2 16 13 32 37 28 74 98 138 182 67 102 817 185 11.9 2 2 1 6 1 7 8 9 28 28 49 13 3111 57 11.2 2 7 12 6 11 14 3 285 967 10.5 50 22 22 19 23 28 21 35 43 63 87 147 314 57 33 339 305 10.9 12 9 5 2 5 12 6 14 16 18 22 49 65 33 28 9

143 1,835 11.7 18 9 21 20 17 24 52 71 64 112 145 256 716 148 145 1711 82 9.9 3 2 1 2 4 6 5 2 5 6 9 7 25 520 170 10.9 3 1 4 5 6 2 4 6 7 8 29 12 74 5 4

106 769 11.5 14 12 10 9 13 21 12 19 39 36 81 100 240 87 64 12522 5,745 11.3 117 75 76 67 .90 132 147 214 247 381 548 819 1,833 458 472 69

35 45 12.1 1 1 2 1 1 6 6 19 817 21 13.4 1 1 8 8 2 139 109 12.9 1 1 1 1 2 4 8 17 30 22 2217 32 11.6 1 1 1 2 1 5 9 4 6 211 12 12.9 1 2 4 4 183 123 12.1 1 1 2 4 4 8 6 30 51 10 644 76 10.2 2 2 5 1 3 1 5 6 4 8 16 15 7 1

147 267 11.7 5 2 3 1 1 5 12 10 16 22 49 99 27 13 214 20 9.8 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 2 5 122 30 11.9 1 1 2 2 4 2 15 3

111 174 12.1 1 3 2 5 3 3 2 6 16 16 89 22 3 3540 909 11.9 10 6 8 6 7 11 15 30 31 43 80 149 339 118 50 6

30 122 10.6 2 3 3 5 2 3 2 6 9 4 23 20 22 8 7 313 39 12.2 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 10 8 9 137 162 12.0 1 3 1 4 7 11 15 13 22 38 27 2014 29 11.8 2 1 1 2 1 5 8 3 61 2 0 0) (!)

78 214 11.3 3 3 3 2 7 9 6 7 10 24 37 88 9 5 135 69 11.0 1 1 1 1 4 6 6 4 4 12 21 4 4

138 501 11.5 3 5 10 4 6 9 8 19 17 34 55 95 180 34 19 311 35 10.8 2 1 2 1 1 4 3 5 10 4 220 57 11.1 2 1 2 6 6 5 5 4 17 8 1

107 315 11.4 1 1 3 11 4 3 7 10 12 21 35 57 118 21 9 2484 1,545 11.4 12 18 18 27 18 27. 37 62 74 100 163 258 513 126 82 10 O l

GEN

ERAL TA

BLE

S


T a b l e G.— Number of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in half month. 1926, by place of work, occupation, and State— CjjContinued '

Number of mines

Number of em

ployees

Averagenumber



of starts (days) in half month

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

outside mine—continuedEngineers:

Alabama.___ __ ______ 26 66 12.1 1 1 3 1 2 1 6 7 11 12 5 10 6Colorado. 17 57 12.9 3 1 1 1 6 22 8 15Illinois___ 39

16137 14.7 1 1 1 1 1 2 5 2 97 26

Indiana___________________ _ 31 14.5 2 5 1 23Kansas___ 11 15 12.3 2 1 3 1 6 2Kentucky___ ___________ 30

2142 13.0 1 2 2 7 15 6 9

O h io ....................................... 30 13.2 1 2 1 1 1 6 2 14 2Pennsylvania_____ . _______ 95 204 13.3 2 2 1 2 3 3 14 19 60 25 54 19Tennessee. > 7 9 10.4 1 2 2 3 1Virginia. ____ __ __ 6 9 11.8 1 4 4West Virginia____________ _ 52 74 12.7 I 2 6 8 10 25 7 10 5---------1

Total_____________________ 320 | 674 13.3 5 2 1 2 1 8 5 11 8 19 40 56 160 58 238 60

Laborers:Alabama___________________ 36 620 9.5 30 28 17 19 13 22 17 39 61 60 75 93 117 19 10Colorado___________________ 17 234 12.0 4 1 1 5 1 4 3 5 12 17 7 32 78 35 26 3Illinois_____________________ 39 778 11.0 8 5 3 14 * 21 10 15 45 53 79 112 152 140 79 38 4Indiana___________ ____ ____ 17 162 10.7 4 2 1 1 4 3 7 9 7 18 20 49 18 13 6Kansas_____________________ 11 53 11.2 1 3 1 2 3 6 4 13 10 5 2 3Kentucky__________________ 83 1,190 10.4 39 28 21 23 23 30 31 43 69 117 148 221 327 44 25 1Ohio............. .......................... 45 474 10.0 17 9 6 6 23 23 20 33 26 32 50 97 102 18 10 2Pennsylvania_______________ 149 2,098

14611.0 26 35 41 29 32 44 61 80 105 126 205 490 632 118 68 6

Tennessee................ ................ 13 8.8 17 7 5 8 3 4 3 3 10 12 26 11 30 6 1Virginia____________________ 22 292 9.6 9 11 6 5 6 8 18 45 17 11 44 25 84 2 1West Virginia__ ____________ 118 1,830 10.9 22 23 39 40 44 62 46 76 76 128 229 275 628 96 25 21

Total..................................... 550 7,877 10.7 177 149 143 151 170 210 223 378 439 606 920 1,458 2,166 435 212 40■!.ja

BITUM

INO

US

COAL M

ININ

G


Other employees:Alabama____Colorado........Illinois...........Indiana--------Kansas...........Kentucky___Ohio...............Pennsylvania.Tennessee___Virginia.........West Virginia.

Total..........

173817118341

1501422

114

345m3129634

65021538296

169740

540 4,201

11.612.812.712.012.411.511.412.5 11.0 11.2 12.2

194 6

" 2"5

131

“I i "5

13122

51051

512524

42231

142

1334

13

824 1

•11"5

206 4

22

71

102

“ 9'9

432

1221

104

"26"4

425

26101782

403

666

1127

216

13 8 5

5614 845

2472

531036143

10727

172119

70

10647763013

22955

4643776

265

27194433

37 33

1264 9

75

12.1 43 40 41 42 61 116 127 216 308 512 1,398

444772205

6529

24374

87

380

98

18. . .

126

40

160

* Data included in total.


APPENDIX

T h e agreem ent betw een the U n ited M in e W o rk ers o f A m erica and the coal operators o f the H ock in g district o f O h io , effective fro m A p ril 1, 1923 , to M a r c h 3 1 , 1924 , and continued in force during the period o f this stu d y b y the Jacksonville agreem ent is g iven below . T h is is the basing d istrict of O hio and part o f the central com p etitiv e field, consisting o f Illinois, In d ian a, O hio, and w estern P en n sy lv an ia .

SU BD ISTR ICT NO. 1

D etailed M ining Scale for H ocking V alley (Subdistrict 1 of D istrict 6)

(Effective from April 1, 1923, to March 31, 1924)

This agreement, by and between the respective duly authorized representatives of the coal operators and miners of the Hocking district of Ohio.

Witnesseth, That pursuant to the agreement entered into at New York, N. Y ., January 24, 1923, the following shall be the prices, rates of wages, rules and conditions to govern the production of coal in the Hocking district.

We, the members of the scale committee representing the operators and miners of the Hocking district, submit the following prices and conditions as the wage scale for said district for the period beginning April 1, 1923, and ending March 31, 1924:

Pick miningRun of mine_________________________________________ per ton__ $1. 1164Entries, dry________________________________________ per yard__ 3. 6217Break throughs in entries______________________________do____ 3. 6217Break throughs in rooms______________________________ do____ 2. 5110Room turning_____________________________________ per room__ 5.4896

Inside day laborTracklayers_________________________________________ per day__ 7. 50Tracklayers’ helpers------------------------------------------------------ do------- 7. 25Trappers________________________________________________ do------- 4. 00Trappers (where old men are employed)_____________ do_____ 5. 41Bottom cagers, drivers, trip riders____________________ do_____ 7. 50Water haulers, machine haulers_______________________do____ 7. 50Snappers on gathering locomotives___________________ do_____ 7. 50Timbermen_____________________________________________ do------- 7. 50Pipemen for compressed-air plants____________________do------- 7. 42Wiremen______________________________ _________________ do------- 7. 50Motormen______________________________________________ do------- 7. 50Motormen (minimum)_________________________________do------- 7. 50Other inside day labor-------------------------------------------------do------- 7. 25Spike team drivers, extra----------------------------------------------do------- .2 5

Machine cutting

By Jeffrey machine in room-------------------------------------per ton__ . 14By Jeffrey machine in entry___________________________ do------- -----. 1790By punching machines in room------------------------------------do------- -----. 1744By punching machines in entry----------------------------------- do------- ---- . 1905

AGREEMENT BETWEEN BITUMINOUS MINERS AND OPERATORS

58


AGREEMENT BETWEEN MINERS AND OPERATORS 59Loading

In rooms with hand drilling______________In entry with hand drilling______________Break throughs in entries (entry price) _ -. Break throughs in rooms_________________

per ton— $0. 80.__do____ .9290.-_do____ .9290

do------ (i)

Outside day laborFirst blacksmith__________________________Second blacksmith________________________

per day__ 7. 77— .do_____7.45-_ d o ______7.25-_ d o _____7.45-_ d o ______7. 25-_ d o ______7. 25__ do____ __5.06

Blacksmith helpers. Mine carpenters__Dumpers_____________Trimmers____________Greasers and couplers

When engineers and firemen are employed by the day, the minimum rate shall be $7.25 for 8 hours’ work. This shall not apply to men employed at a monthly rate. This rule shall also apply to coal washers.

First. That the 8-hour day of 48 hours of 6 days per week is hereby reaffirmed.The following holidays are recognized:

New Year’s Day.Lincoln’s Birthday.Washington’s Birthday.April 1.Decoration Day.Fourth of July.August primary day.Labor Day.November general election day.Thanksgiving Day.Christmas.

Second. That an 8-hour day means 8 hours’ work in the mines at usual working places for all classes of inside day labor. This shall be exclusive of the time required in reaching such working places in the morning and departing from same at night.

(AT Regarding drivers, they shall take their mules to and from the stables and the time required in so doing shall not include any part of the day’s labor, their work beginning when they reach the change at which they receive empty cars, but in no case shall the driver’s time be docked while he is waiting for such car at the point named.

(B) The company shall harness and unharness all stock. Drivers shall unhalter and bridle stock in the morning and halter them in the evening at quitting time. At mines having 15 head of stock or less the stable boss shall harness and unharness all stock, and at mines having over 15 head of stock the company shall have the privilege of employing a regular employee 1 hour extra each morning and 1 hour extra each evening to assist the stable boss in harnessing and unharnessing stock. Night drivers shall unharness their stock when taken in stable at night.

Third. That when the men go into the mine in the morning they shall be entitled to 2 hours’ pay whether or not the mine works the full 2 hours. But after the first 2 hours the men shall be paid for every hour thereafter by the hour for each hour’s work or fractional part thereof. If for any reason the regular routine work can not be furnished the labor for a portion of the first 2 hours, the operators may furnish other than the regular labor for the unexpired time.

The interpretation’of this rule is that day men working on idle days or extra time are entitled to their regular wage, unless called upon to perform work carrying a higher rate, for which such rate shall apply.

Sec. 4. The operators shall keep a square turn, and it shall be the duty of the superintendent to see that this rule is properly carried out and that at least each 2 weeks the turn for all sections of the mine shall be made uniform.

INTERPRETATION

TURNS

* Entry price.


There shall be no free turns allowed to either rooms or entries. The entries shall be driven as fast as operators desire or conditions permit, but in no case shall entry miners be allowed more cars per week than room miners. If, however, the regular turn will not allow cars enough to drive the entries as fast as desired, the operators shall increase the number of miners in each entry, so that by giving to each the regular turn the entries shall be driven as fast as two miners could drive them with full work. But should the room men decline to take their places in the entries when requested to do so by the operators, then the entry men shall have free turns until the entries are driven the required length. Nothing in the foregoing to prevent fast turns.

This rule shall apply to the machine men as well as loaders and the company agrees to use every effort to the end that the number of men on each machine will be equalized.

p r e p a r a t i o n o f c o a l

Sec. 5. Both miners and operators recognizing the importance of getting clean and merchantable coal to insure the sale of the same, it is understood and agreed that the miners will produce their coal in such a way as not to increase the percentage of fine coal, either by carelessness or reckless shooting, and will load clean and merchantable coal free from impurities.

In order to secure the above results it is agreed as follows:(A) When necessary to snub coal, snubbing must be done in a practical and

workmanlike manner so as to keep the quality of the output uniform and produce the largest amount of lump coal.

(B) The loader or loaders shall not drill any hole on the solid of the rib, nor deeper than the undercut.

(C) Unless otherwise required by operator, the fine coal and cuttings must not be loaded out separately, but must be loaded and distributed throughout the balance of the coal in order to keep the product of the mine uniform.

(D) Any loader or loaders found breaking up the loading bone, soft coal, or other impurities with his coal, shall be laid off 5 days for the first offense and 10 days for each succeeding offense.

DOCKING

Sec. 6. The operator may designate one man at each mine, who shall be recognized as inspector, and whose duty it shall be to inspect the coal. The miners may also designate one man at each mine to inspect the cleaning of the coal and the weighing of the impurities. Should a loader willfully, carelessly, or otherwise fail to load clean, merchantable coal, the inspector shall estimate or cause to be weighed the impurities, and when 100 to 150 pounds of dirty coal has been loaded, 10 cents shall be taken for the 100 or 150 pounds.

For from 150 pounds to 250 pounds of dirty coal 20 cents shall be taken.For from 250 to 500 pounds of dirty coal, 30 cents shall be taken.For the third car of dirty coal from any one working place in any one day,

or where 500 or more pounds of dirty coal is found in any one car, 50 cents shall be checked off.

If upon investigation by the mine boss and committee, the man or men are found to have an average working place, he or they shall be suspended 1 or 2 days, at the discretion of the mine boss and mine committee. But should a place be found below an average working place then the above penalties shall not apply.

Whenever the provisions of this contract are not observed the operator has the right to close down the mine until the miners will observe the contract to produce clean, merchantable coal.

It is understood that the operators have a right to clean the coal before weighing.

The moneys checked off shall be placed in the burial fund and shall not be refunded and shall only be used by miners and operators for the purpose for which such fund was created.

c l a y v e i n s

Sec. 7. Where clay veins, rolls in bottom, or horsebacks exist, the price for removing the same shall be determined between the loader and mine boss. If loader and mine boss fail to agree, the same to be referred to loader, mine boss, and mine committee.



AGREEMENT BETWEEN MINERS AND OPERATORS 61SLATE

Sec. 8. The company shall remove the slate from the working places of the miners; and if the company fails after being notified, the miners shall be employed to remove such slate and be paid therefor at the price agreed upon between the mine boss and the miner, based on the price of inside day labor. This refers to all kinds and conditions of roof only and not to bone coal.

BOTTOM, SPRAGS, ETC.

Sec. 9. All machines shall be fitted with suitable skids, and machine men must cut coal level and close to bottom; and in no case shall thickness of bottom exceed 4 inches, except in case of pots or other extreme variations. Machine men leaving more bottom than above, and when upon investigation it is proven that the machine men are at fault, must lift the same, or it shall be lifted at their expense. Where the bottom is sulphurous and unmarketable, the miner may call the attention of the mine boss to it and endeavor to arrive at an agreement for its removal or retention. If the mine boss and miner fail to reach an agreement as to compensation or otherwise, the matter shall be submitted to the superintendent and mine committee for adjustment. In case of sprags being left by machine men they shall be notified by the loader, and if they refuse to remove the same the loader shall remove the same and be allowed 50 cents for so doing, the said 50 cents being deducted from machine men. When machine men leave six or more sprags in one pay, they shall be removed from machine and their services be dispensed with.

The company shall provide shields for covering cutter head of machine. The machine men shall be required to remove the bits from the chain on cutter head, or place the shield over cutter head to make the machine safe to be moved. Any machine men failing to carry out this rule may be removed from machine without question.

Where machine men are required to repair or replace parts on machines they shall be compensated for the same.

STICKY BOTTOMS

The question of what constitutes sticky bottom shall be determined by the mine boss and loader in the following manner: When the bottom has been sheared along the rib, to the face, and is open on the end, and two wedges are driven through the bottom coal (wedges to be driven 18 and 36 inches from shearing and 18 inches from the front of the bottom coal), and the coal still clings and adheres to the floor, it shall be termed sticky bottom and the loader shall not be required to lift same without compensation based on tracklayers ’ wage scale. This, however, shall not prevent the mine boss and loader from making a mutual agreement to lift same, or in case of their failure to agree to have it lifted by anyone by paying the tracklayers’ wage scale, nor shall it prevent the mine committee and superintendent from making investigation in case of disagreement under the above rule.

WIDE ROOMS

Sec. 10. All rooms shall be 24 feet wide or over, except under river bottoms, where the same may be driven 20 feet wide without extra compensation. All other rooms from 24 to 18 feet $2.76 extra shall be paid. Rooms under river bottoms where necessary to be driven from 20 feet to 18 feet, $2.76 extra shall be paid. Rooms less than 18 feet wide shall be paid for at entry price. WTiere rooms are driven 30 feet wide, same shall have two tracks if practical. Each two men shall be given two rooms where practicable. Slabs to be left to men and mine boss.

The operators shall designate the width of all working places and same shall be paid for at the width ordered cut.

In working pillars and stumps, all places over 15 feet wide shall be paid for at wide price to cutter and loader. Fifteen feet or less with two tight ends, entry price. Fifteen feet or less open end shall be paid for at entry price to cutter ana wide price to loader.

62411°— 27-------5



INTERPRETATION

Wherever a place is closed in by a fall or an excessive gob to such an extent that one can not walk or work around the same conveniently, it shall be considered a tight end.

PUTTING ON CARS

S ec. 103^. When the miner has properly laid his track and a car jumps the track, the same shall be put on by the company, and the miner shall not be discriminated against in the way of regular turn.

c l e a r i n g t r a c k

Sec . 11. Men other than drivers and trappers, motormen and motormen helpers, cagers and incline men, employed to gather up coal along working roads and cleaning up track shall receive pay for such work at narrow-work prices per ton, with cutting added.

Any such man found taking down or loading other than the coal already down and along track shall be removed from his position. In the event that no other class of labor is available, the company shall have the right to employ day men to clean up tracks.

BLACKSMITHING

Sec . 12. Blacksmithing shall be three-fourths of 1 cent on the dollar for pick mining.

All tools of machine miners, including axes, shall be sharpened without charge.

PICK MINE NECKS

Sec. 13. In opening rooms in pick mines where narrow work exceeds 18 feet before widening rooms, all in excess of 18 feet shall be paid for at entry price.

LOST COAL

S ec. 14. If the company insists upon the machine men cutting places, then the company shall pay for all coal lost by places falling in. Coal so lost shall be paid for within 30 days.

WET PLACES

Sec . 15. Where the mine boss and miners fail to agree as to whether the working place is wet and entitled to extra pay, it shall be referred to the committee and mine boss or superintendent; if judged wet, 3.60 cents per ton additional shall be paid.

Fifteen cents per barrel shall be paid for bailing water; sufficient barrels to be furnished to miners to keep their places dry. The said barrels shall be common oil barrels. In the event of the management failing to provide empty barrels as required by miners, then 3.60 cents per ton extra shall be paid for wet places. Where a place is decided wet, all the coal that comes out of the place shall be paid for at wet price so long as the place remains wet.

It shall be optional with the company to work wet places. It is agreed and understood that in wet places the miner to be entitled to wet price must first take the matter up with the mine boss for adjustment.

ENTRIES REGULAR AND DEFICIENT

S ec . 16. It is understood and agreed that in entries of regular height and where no horseback, clay vein, or other foreign substance exists, no average will be paid.

In deficient entry, where it is necessary to take down slate for height of roadway, the loader will shoot and load'the same.

Where rock is encountered, the same shall be drilled and shot down by the company and loaded by the loader. Where such deficient entry is driven and rock or slate is handled by the loader, the established average tonnage of said entry of mine will be paid.

Each crossing shall be cut full width and depth, unless otherwise ordered by the company; and the manner of counting said crossing shall be the regular depth of machine as determined by tape measure.


The coal to be mined in a workmanlike manner, so as to produce the greatest amount of lump coal, and each car shall be checked with a check of the man doing the work.

Where the company wishes to drive deficient entry by the day, the price per day to be $8.70; the company to have the right to select their men, but the man working the place is to have the preference.

It is understood and agreed that in isolated territory where not more than six men can be employed, when necessary, men shall be permitted to cut, load, and haul their coal; cutting and loading to be paid for at tonnage rates, the men doing the work to agree with mine boss on pay for hauling.

Where rock drilling and shooting in. deficient entries is done by hand, the rate per day shall be $8.70. Where done by electric drill, the minimum rate per day shall be $7.50.

In working deficient wet entry by the average, the wet price shall apply to the average tonnage paid the loaders. When paid by the day, the equivalent of the average tonnage per cut, wet price, shall be paid day men driving deficient entry by the day.

ENTRIES, DOUBLE-SHIFT

Sec. 17. Forty-eight cents per yard shall be paid for driving double-shift entries and break throughs between entries.

DAY LABOR ON IDLE DAYS

Sec. 18. When necessary day men shall work on idle days, or, in case of emergency, overtime; but such work shall be distributed as equally as possible among employees entitled to said extra work. The operators reserve the right to work skilled labor upon days when mine is idle, or, in case of emergency, extra shift.

DAY LABOR TRANSFERRED

Sec. 19. Drivers and other day men shall work under the direction of the mine boss or superintendent and shall perform such labor as may be required by mine boss or superintendent; provided that the scale of wages is paid for such labor required to be performed.

UNWARRANTED ABSENCE OF EMPLOYEES

Sec. 20. When any employee absents himself from duty for two days except in case of sickness, and without giving advance notice to the mine boss, if possible, he forfeits his position.

WAITING ON CARS

Sec. 21. Where cars are promised and are on the way between the yards and mine at starting time in the morning, the men shall wait up to and not less than 30 minutes; provided, however, that where satisfactory local arrangements exist for waiting for cars, the same shall remain in force and be observed.

INTERPRETATION

When the men go to work in accordance with the above rule, the mine committee have the right if they so elect to call up the railroad yards to ascertain if cars will be at the mine within the provisions of the rule. Should they be informed that cars are on the way and will be there on time, then the men will go into the mine and all inside daymen will be paid for or furnished at least 2 hours' work. The outside daymen will take their regular positions, and should cars fail to come on time they will be paid at least 1 hour's pay, whether they perform any labor or not.

NOON HOUR VARIATION

Sec. 22. In case of emergency, the company shall have the right to vary the noon hour to one-half hour earlier. All daymen affected shall be notified in advance of such variation in noon hour.

MEETINGS AT MINE

Sec . 23. Where necessary to hold meetings at mine where miners so desire, one afternoon each month shall be allowed for the purpose of holding such meet

AGREEMENT BETWEEN MINERS AND OPERATORS 63


ings. Such afternoon to be agreed upon between the management and miners at the different mines.

No other meetings than as herein provided shall be held at any mine during working hours.

LOCAL RULES AND ORDERS

Sec. 24. No local rules or orders shall be made or given by either miners or operators, or their agents, that interfere with the provisions of this contract.

DRIVER’ S, d a y m e n ’ s , OR MACHINE MEN’ S ABSENCE

Sec. 25. In case a machine man, driver, or other dayman fails to appear for duty, a man may be taken from a working place; the man taking either’s place to get such turn for one day each pay.

OUT OF CUTTING

S ec. 26. Under normal conditions, if 4 men are out of cutting or rails on any one territory at work time in the morning and upon investigation by mine boss and committee it shall be found to be the fault of the company, the men shall be furnished work by the operator, but in no case shall a breakdown or unavoidable accident be considered the fault of the company. It is understood, however, that all mine superintendents and mine bosses shall make every effort to have all working places in working condition at starting time in the morning and no man shall be required to lose two days’ work in succession.

SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES

Sec. 27. It is agreed that in case of any local grievance at any mine the aggrieved party or parties and mine boss shall first make an earnest effort to adjust the dispute.

In case they fail to agree, the matter in dispute shall be referred to the mine foreman or superintendent and mine committee. If they fail to agree, it shall then be referred to the general manager of the company involved, or his representative, and the president of subdistrict 1, of district 6, U. M. W. of A., or his representative. In case they fail to agree the matter shall be referred to the president of district 6, of U. M. W. of A., or his representative and the representative of the Southern Ohio Coal Exchange, or the operators affected thereby.

All controversies arising under the terms of this agreement shall be taken up for adjustment as herein provided without delay.

STOPPING OF MINES

Sec. 28. No strike or stoppage of work shall occur at any mine except for failure to pay upon regular pay day without explanation, or breakdown of weight scales, until the matter has been taken up with the subdistrict officers of subdistrict No. 1 of district No. 6, of U. M. W. of A., and the company affected, and they have taken the matter up as provided in section 27.

(A) Should any local officer, or officers of any local union or any member thereof, employed at any mine cause the mine to shut down in violation of this rule, each member of the United Mine Workers of America employed at said mine, except those who continue at work, shall have deducted from his earnings the sum of one dollar ($1) per day for each day or part of day he remains idle.

(B) Should any operator or his representative lock the men out for the purpose of forcing a settlement of any grievance, or cause the mine to shut down in violation of this rule, he shall be fined one dollar ($1) per employee so idle, for each day or part of a day the mine is thus thrown idle. It is agreed that the stoppage of the mine as provided for in section 6 of this contract shall not constitute a violation of this rule.

(C) All moneys assessed against the employees under this rule shall be collected from the pay for the half month in which the violation of the rule occurs, or from the first moneys due thereafter, and said moneys so collected shall be turned over to the proper officers of subdistrict No. 1, district No. 6, U. M. W. of A. All moneys assessed against the operators for violation of this rule shall be paid over to the Southern Ohio Coal Exchange; provided that money assessed against operators not members of the above-named exchange shall be paid to the secretary-treasurer of the subdistrict.



Under no circumstances shall the money so paid be refunded by either the subdistrict or the Southern Ohio Coal Exchange.

The company shall furnish the local secretary a list of money so collected and paid over. It is understood that the collection of all fines shall take precedence over all other collections.

BOYS

S ec. 29. Sons of members of the United Mine Workers of America, when becoming of proper age, shall be allowed the preference of going into the mines.

LIMIT ON MINE CARS

S ec. 30. No limit of weight shall be placed on loading mine cars, and, in case of loss in transit, the company shall not be held responsible except where cars are broken by employees, or where a wreck occurs, the average weight shall be made good by the company. In order that miners can not take advantage of this cause, the mine manager and committee of any mine where complaint is made of loading cars over their capacity shall mutually agree on a standard height of loading cars.

ENGINEERS AND FIREMEN

Sec. 31. In case of local or general suspension of mining, either at the expiration of this contract or otherwise, the engineers, firemen, pumpers, fire bosses, and other men necessary to keep mines in shape, shall not suspend work but shall, when mine is suspended, fully protect and keep in repair all of the company’s property under their care, and operate fans and pumps, and lower and hoist such men or supplies as may be required to keep up steam at the company’s coal plant; but it is understood and agreed that the operators will not ask them to hoist any coal produced by nonunion labor for sale on the market. The rates to be paid for such work to be those in effect at the time of suspension, subject to any subsequent settlement.

CHECK OFF

S ec. 32. The system of checking off for the United Mine Workers’ organization remains in force and must be observed; the same to be checked off by per cent of earnings. The above to include all dues and assessments for burial fund and United Mine Workers’ organization.

No fines shall be collected except it is ordered by a majority vote of the members present at a regularly called local meeting.

However, should either the operator, the local union, or the party upon whom the fine is imposed object to such fine, each of them shall have the right to appeal to the subdistrict officers and the operator or the operators’ commissioner for final ruling.

In order to be honored, check-off figures must be furnished to the company by noon of the 1st and by noon of the 16th of each month.

DIVISION OF WORK

Sec. 33. It is understood that companies operating two or more mines will work all mines on turn as near as possible or as near as market conditions will permit. When it is necessary for any one company to close one or more mines down on account of market conditions it is agreed that the men employed at said mines shall be entitled to work at mines remaining in operation and the company shall distribute the men proportionately to the mines remaining in operation. It is understood that all classes of labor agreed upon by the mine foreman and committee shall under these circumstances share their work. Nothing in the foregoing to interfere with or affect the efficiency of the mine or the quality of the output.

FIRE BOSSES

Sec. 34. We agree that fire bosses shall be entitled to a full day’s pay for inspecting the mines on Sundays and all holidays.

CONTRACT WORK IN MINES

S ec. 35. There shall be no contract work in any mine in this subdistrict.

AGREEMENT BETWEEN MINERS AND OPERATORS 65



HOUSE COAL

In keeping with the award of the Coal Commission, 27 per cent shall be added to the price of house coal, prevailing October 31, 1919.

POWDER

The price of powder to be $2.30 per keg delivered as provided for in contract.

SPECIAL CONDITIONS AND LOCAL CONCESSIONS

Sec. 36. Conditions governing all employees in and about the mines prevailing during the years 1916 and 1917 and not specifically covered in the above rules and conditions shall remain unchanged, but any local concession made heretofore by any miner or operator at any mine shall be open to him for adjustment.


LIST OF BULLETINS OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSThe following is a list of all bulletins of the Bureau of Labor Statistics published since

July, 1912, except that in the case of bulletins giving the results of periodic surveys of the bureau only the latest bulletin on any one subject is here listed.

A complete list of the reports and bulletins issued prior to July, 1912, as well as the bulletins published since that date, will be furnished on application. Bulletins marked thus (*) are oat of print.Conciliation and Arbitration (including strikes and lockouts).

♦No. 124. Conciliation and arbitration in the building trades of Greater New York. [1913.]

♦No. 133. Report of the industrial council of the British Board of Trade on its inquiry into industrial agreements. [1913.]

♦No. 139. Michigan copper district strike. [1914.]No. 144. Industrial court of the cloak, suit, and skirt industry of New York City.

[1914.]No. 145. Conciliation, arbitration, and sanitation in the dr^ss and waist industry

of New York City. [1914.]♦No. 191. Collective bargaining in the anthracite coal industry. [1916.]♦No. 198. Collective agreements in the men’s clothing industry. [1916.]No. 233. Operation of the industrial disputes investigation act of Canada. [1918.] No. 255. Joint industrial councils in Great Britain. [1919.]No. 283. History of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 1917 to 1919.No. 287. National War Labor Board: History of its formation, activities, etc.

[1921.]No. 303. Use of Federal power in settlement of railway labor disputes. [1922.] No. 341. Trade agreement in the silk-ribbon industry of New York City. [1923.) No. 402. Collective bargaining by actors. [1926.]No. 419. Trade agreements, 1925.

Cooperation.No. 313. Consumers’ cooperative societies in the United States in 1920.No. 314. Cooperative credit societies in America and in foreign countries. [1922.] No. 437. Cooperative movement in the United States in 1925 (other than agricul

tural).Employment and Unemployment.

♦No. 109. Statistics of unemployment and the work of employment offices in the United States. [1913.]

No. 172. Unemployment in New York City, N. Y. [1915.]♦No. 183. Regularity of employment in the women’s ready-to-wear garment industries.

[1915.]♦No. 195. Unemployment in the United States. [1916.]No. 196. Proceedings of the Employment Managers’ Conference held at Minneapolis,

Minn., January, 1916.♦No. 202. Proceedings of the conference of Employment Managers' Association,

Boston, Mass., held May 10, 1916.No. 206. The British system of labor exchanges. [1916.]

♦No. 227. Proceedings of the Employment Managers’ Conference, Philadelphia, Pa., April 2 and 3, 1917.

No. 235. Employment system of the Lake Carriers’ Association. [1918.]♦No. 241. Public employment offices in the United States. [1918.]No. 247. Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, Rochester, N. Y., May

9-11, 1918.No. 310. Industrial unemployment: A statistical study of its extent and causes.

[1922.]No. 409. Unemployment in Columbus, Ohio, 1921 to 1925.

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Foreign Labor Laws.♦No. 142. Administration of labor laws and factory inspection in certain ’European

countries. [1914.]Housing?.

♦No. 158. Government aid to home owning and housing of working people in foreign countries. [1914.]

No. 263. Housing by employers in the United States. [1920.]No. 295. Building operations in representative cities in 1920.No. 368. Building permits in the principal cities of the United States in [ 1921 to]

1923.No. 424. Building permits in the principal cities of the United States in [1924 and]

1925.No. 449. Building permits in the principal cities in the United States in [1925 and]

1926.Industrial Accidents and Hygiene.

♦No. 104. Lead poisoning in potteries, tile works, and porcelain enameled sanitary ware factories. [1912.]

No. 120. Hygiene of the painters’ trade. [1913.]♦No. 127. Dangers to workers from dusts and fumes, and methods of protection.

[1913.]♦No. 141. Lead poisoning in the smelting and refining of lead. [1914.]♦No. 157. Industrial accident statistics. [1915.]♦No. 165. Lead poisoning in the manufacture of storage batteries. [1914.]♦No. 179, Industrial poisons used in the rubber industry. [1915.]No. 188. Report of British departmental committee on the danger in the use of lead

in the painting of buildings. [1916.]♦No. 201. Report of committee on statistics and compensation-insurance cost of the

International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions. [1916.]

♦No. 207. Causes of death by occupation. [1917.]♦No. 209. Hygiene of the printing trades. [1917.]

No. 219. Industrial poisons used or produced in the manufacture of explosives. [1917.]

No. 221. Hours, fatigue, and health in British munition factories. [1917.]No. 230. Industrial efficiency and fatigue in British munition factories. [1917.]

♦No. 231. Mortality from respiratory diseases in dusty trades (inorganic dusts). [1918.]

No. 234. Safety movement in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1917.•No. 236. Effects of the air hammer on the hands of stonecutters. [1918.]

No. 249. Industrial health and efficiency. Final report of British Health of Munition Workers Committee. [1919.]

•No. 251. Preventable death in the cotton-manufacturing industry. [1919.]No. 256. Accidents and accident prevention in machine building. [1919.]No. 267. Anthrax as an occupational disease. [1920.]No. 276. Standardization of industrial-accident statistics. [1920.]No. 280. Industrial poisoning in the making of coal-tar dyes and dye intermediates.

[1921.]No. 291. Carbon-monoxide poisoning. [1921.]No. 293. The problem of dust phthisis in the granite-stone industry. [1922.]No. 298. Causes and prevention of accidents in the iron and steel industry, 1910 to

1919.No. 306. Occupational hazards and diagnostic signs: A guide to Impairments to be

looked for in hazardous occupations. [1922.]No. 339. Statistics of industrial accidents in the United States. [1923.]No. 392. Survey of hygienic conditions in the printing trades. [1925.]No. 405. Phosphorus necrosis in the manufacture of fireworks and the preparation

of phosphorus. [1926.]No. 425. Record of industrial accidents in the United States to 1925.No. 426. Deaths from lead poisoning. [1927..]No. 427. Health survey of the printing trades, 1922 to 1925.No. 428. Proceedings of the Industrial Accident Prevention Conference, held at

Washington, D. C., July 14-16, 1926.

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Industrial Relation* and Labor Conditions.No. 237. Industrial unrest in Great Britain. [1917.]No. 340. Chinese migration, with special reference to labor conditions. [1923.]No. 349. Industrial relations in the West Coast lumber industry. [1923.]No. 361. Labor relations in the Fairmount (W. Va.) bituminouss-coal field. [1924.] No. 380. Postwar labor conditions in Germany. [1925.]No. 383. Works council movement in Germany. [1925.]No. 384. Labor conditions in the shoe industry in Massachusetts, 1920 to 1924.No. 399. Labor relations in the lace and lace-curtain industries in the United States.

[1925.]Labor Laws of the United States (including decisions of courts relating; to

labor).No. 211. Labor laws and their administration in the Pacific States. [1917.]No. 229. Wage-payment legislation in the United States. [1917.]No. 285. Minimum-wage legislation in the United States. [1921.]No. 321. Labor laws that have been declared unconstitutional. [1922.]No. 322. Kansas Court of Industrial Relations. [1923.]No. 343. Laws providing for bureaus of labor statistics, etc. [1923.]No. 370. Laws of the United States, with decisions of courts relating thereto

[1925.]No. 408. Labor laws relating to the payment of wages. [1926.]No. 434. Labor legislation of 1926.No. 444. Decisions of courts and opinions affecting labor, 1926.

Proceedings of Annnal Conventions of the Association of Governmental Labor Officials of the United States and Canada.

No. 266. Seventh, Seattle, Wash., July 12-15, 1920.No. 307. Eighth, New Orleans, La., May 2-6, 1921.

♦No. 323. Ninth, Harrisburg, Pa., May 22-26, 1922.No. 352. Tenth, Richmond, Va., May 1-4, 1923.No. 389. Eleventh, Chicago, 111., May 19-23, 1924.No. 411. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 13-15, 1925.No. 429. Thirteenth, Columbus, Ohio, June 7-10, 1926.

Proceedings of Annnal Meetings of International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions.

♦No. 210. Third, Columbus, Ohio, April 25-28, 1916.No. 248. Fourth, Boston, Mass., August 21-25. 1917.No. 264. Fifth, Madison, Wis., September 24-27, 1918.

•No. 273. Sixth, Toronto, Canada, September 23-26, 1919.No. 281. Seventh, San Francisco, Calif., September 20-24, 1920.No. 304. Eighth, Chicago, 111., September 19-23, 1921.No. 333. Ninth, Baltimore, Md„ October 9-13, 1922.No. 359. Tenth, St. Paul, Minn., September 24-26, 1923.No. 385. Eleventh, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 26-28, 1924.No. 395. Index to proceedings, 1914-1924.No. 406. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 17-20, 1925.No. 432. Thirteenth, Hartford, Conn., September 14-17, 1926.

Proceedings of Annnal Meetings of International Association of Public Employment Services.

No. 192. First, Chicago, December 19 and 20, 1913; Second, Indianapolis, September 24 and 25, 1914; Third, Detroit, July 1 and 2, 1915.

No. 220. Fourth, Buffalo, N. Y., July 20 and 21, 1916.No. 311. Ninth, Buffalo, N. Y., September 7-9, 1921.No. 337. Tenth, Washington, D. C., September 11-13, 1922.No. 355. Eleventh, Toronto, Canada, September 4-7, 1923.No. 400. Twelfth, Chicago, 111., May 19-23, 1924. ‘No. 414. Thirteenth, Rochester, N. Y., September 15-17, 1925.

Productivity of Labor.No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes. [1924.]No. 407. Labor cost of production and wages and hours of labor in the paper boz-

board industry. [1925.]No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.No. 441. Productivity of labor in the glass industry. [1927.]

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Retail Prices and Cost of L M n g .♦No. 121. Sugar prices, from refiner to consumer. [1913.]♦No. 130. Wheat and flour prices, from farmer to consumer. [1913.]♦No. 164. Butter prices, from producer to consumer. [1914.]

No. 170. Foreign food prices as affected by the war. [1915.]No. 357. Cost of living in the United States. [1924.]No. 369. The use of cost-of-living figures in wage adjustments. [1925.]No. 445. Retail prices, 1890 to 1926.

Safety Codes.No. 331. Code of lighting factories, mills, and other work places.No. 336. Safety code for the protection of industrial workers in foundries.No. 350. Specifications of laboratory tests for approval of electric headlighting

devices fcrr motor vehicles.No. 351. Safety code for the construction, care, and use of ladders.No. 364. Safety code for mechanical power-transmission apparatus.No. 375. Safety code for laundry machinery and operation.No. 378. Safety code for woodworking plants.No. 382. Code of lighting school buildings.No. 410. Safety code for paper and pulp mills.No. 430. Safety code fo£ power presses and foot and hand presses.No. 433. Safety codes for the prevention of dust explosions.No. 436. Safety code for the use, care, and protection of abrasive wheels.No. 447. Safety code for rubber mills and calenders.No. 451. Safety code for forging and hot-metal stamping.

Vocational and W orkers’ Education.♦No. 159. Short-unit courses for wage earners, and a factory school experiment.

[1915.]♦No. 162. Vocational education survey of Richmond, Va. [1915.]No. 199. Vocational education survey of Minneapolis, Minn. [1916.]No. 271. Adult working-class education in Great Britain and the United States.

[1920.]W ages and Honrs of Labor.

♦No. 146. Wages and regularity of employment and standardization of piece rates in the dress and waist industry of New York City. [1914.]

♦No. 147. Wages and regularity of employment in the cloak, suit, and skirt industry. [1914.]

No. 161. Wages and hours of labor in the clothing and cigar industries, 1911 to 1913. No. 163. Wages and hours of labor in the building and repairing of steam-railroad

cars, 1907 to 1913.•No. 190. Wages and hours of labor In the cotton, woolen, and silk industries, 1907 to

1914.No. 204. Street-railway employment in the United States. [1917.]No. 225. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber, millwork, and furniture indus

tries, 1915.No. 265. Industrial survey in selected industries in the United States, 1919.No. 297. Wages and hours of labor in the petroleum industry, 1920.No. 348. Wages and hours of labor in the automobile industry, 1922.No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]No. 358. Wages and hours of labor in the automobile-tire industry, 1923.No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes. [1924.]No. 365. Wages and hours of labor in the paper and pulp industry, 1923.No. 374. Wages and hours of labor in the boot and shoe industry, 1907 to 1924.No. 376. Wages and hours of labor in the hosiery and underwear industry, 1907 to

1924.No. 394. Wages and hours of labor in metalliferous mines, 1924.No. 407. Labor cost o f production, and wages and hours of labor in the paper box-

board industry. [1925]No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.No. 413. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber industry in the United States, 1925. No. 416. Hours and earnings in anthracite and bituminous coal mining, 1922 and

1924.No. 421. Wages and hours of labor in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry,

1925.No. 422. Wages and hours of labor in foundries and machine shops, 1925.No. 431. Union scale of wages and hours of labor, May 15, 1926.No. 435. Wages and hours of labor in the men’s clothing industry, 1911 to 1926.

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Wages and Hours of Labor—Continued.No. 438. Wages and hours of labor in the motor-vehicle industry, 1925.No. 442. Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1925. No. 443. Wages and hours of labor in woolen and worsted goods manufacturing,

1910 to 1926.No. 446. Wages and hours of labor in cotton goods manufacturing, 1910 to 1926. No. 450. Wages and hours of labor in the boot and shoe industry, 1907 to 1926.

[In press.]No. 452. Wages and hours of labor in the hosiery and underwear industries, 1907

to 1926. [In press.]Welfare Work.

♦No. 123. Employers’ welfare work. [1913.]No. 222. Welfare work in British munition factories. [1917.]

♦No. 250. Welfare work for employees in industrial establishments in the United States. [1919.]

Wholesale Prices.No. 284. Index numbers of wholesale prices in the United States and foreign coun

tries. [1921.]No. 440. Wholesale prices, 1890 to 1926.No. 453. Revised index numbers of wholesale prices, 1923 to July, 1927.

Women and Children in Industry,No. 116. Hours, earnings, and duration of employment of wage-earning women in

selected industries in the District of Columbia. [1913.]♦No. 117. Prohibition of night work of young persons. [1913.]♦No. 118. Ten-hour maximum working-day for women and young persons. [1913.] ♦No. 119. Working hours of women in the pea canneries of Wisconsin. [1913.]♦No. 122. Employment of women in power laundries in Milwaukee. [1913.]

No. 160. Hours, earnings, and conditions of labor of women in Indiana mercantile establishments and garment factories. [1914.]

♦No. 167. Minimum wage legislation in the United States and foreign countries. [1915.]

♦No. 175. Summary of the report on conditions of woman and child wage "earners in the United States. [1915.]

♦No. 176. Effect of minimum-wage determinations in Oregon. [1915.]♦No. 180. The boot and shoe industry in Massachusetts as a vocation for women.

[1915.]♦No. 182. Unemployment among women in department and other retail stores of

Boston, Mass. [1916.]No. 193. Dressmaking as a trade for women in Massachusetts. [1916.]No. 215. Industrial experience of trade-school girls in Massachusetts. [1917.]

♦No. 217. Effect of workmen’s compensation laws in diminishing the necessity of industrial employment of women and children. [1918.]

No. 223. Employment of women and juveniles in Great Britain during the war. [1917.]

No. 253. Women in lead industries. [1919.]Workmen’s Insurance and Compensation (including laws relating thereto).

♦No. 101. Care of tuberculous wage earners in Germany. [1912.]♦No. 102. British national insurance act. [1911.]♦No. 103. Sickness and accident insurance law of Switzerland. [1912.]No. 107. Law relating to insurance of salaried employees in Germany. [1913.]

♦No. 155. Compensation for accidents to employees of the United States. [1914.]No. 212. Proceedings of the conference on social insurance called by the Inter

national Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions Washington, D. C., December 5-9, 1916.

No. 243. Workmen’s compensation legislation in the United States and foreign coun tries, 1917 and 1918.

No. 301. Comparison of workmen’s compensation insurance and administration. [1922.]

No. 312. National health insurance in Great Britain, 1911 to 1920.No. 379. Comparison of workmen’s compensation laws of the United States as of

January 1, 1925.No. 423. Workmen’s compensation legislation of the United States and Canada.

[1926.]

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Miscellaneous Series.*No. 174. Subject index of the publications of the United States Bureau of Labor

Statistics up to May 1, 1915.No. 208. Profit sharing in the United States. [1916.]No. 242. Food situation in central Europe, 1917.No. 254. International labor legislation and the society of nations. [1919.]No. 268. Historical survey of international action affecting labor. [1920.]No. 282. Mutual relief associations among Government employees in Washington,

D. C. [1921.]No. 299. Personal research agencies: A guide to organized research in employment

management, industrial relations, training, and working conditions. [1921.]

No. 319. The Bureau of Labor Statistics: Its history, activities, and organization. [1922.]

No. 326. Methods of procuring and computing statistical information of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. [1923.]

No. 342. International Seamen’s Union of America: A study of its history and problems. [1923.]

No. 346. Humanity in government. [1923.]No. 372. Convict labor in 1923.No. 386. The cost of American almshouses. [1925.]No. 398. Growth of legal-aid work in the United States. [1926.]No. 401. Family allowances in foreign countries. [1926.]No. 420. Handbook of American trade-unions. [1926.]No. 439. Handbook of labor statistics, 1924 to 1926.No. 448. Trade agreements, 1926.

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