bls_0469_1928.pdf

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABORJAMES J. DAVIS, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSETHELBERT STEWART, Commissioner

BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES! BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS/ * * * * No. 469M I S C E L L A N E O U S S E R I E S

BUILDING PERMITS IN THEPRINCIPAL CITIES OF THEUNITED STATES IN 1927

/ v \( uy )\1P /

NOVEMBER, 1928

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON 1928

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CONTENTS

PageIntroduction and summary________________________________________________ 1-3

Families provided for_________________________________________________ 3-5Building trend, 1926 and 1927________________________________________ 5, 6Per capita expenditure for buildings__________________________________ 6-17

Expenditures for building operations in representative cities, 1921 to 1927.. 18-21Average estimated cost of dwellings per family_______________________ 19-21

Apartment-house living in American cities, 1927__________________________22-31Comparison of conditions in cities of over 500,000___________________ 23, 24Comparison of conditions in cities of under 500,000__________________25-31

General table_____________________________________________________________ 32-105III


BULLETIN OF THEU. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSNo. 469 WASHINGTON No v e m b e r , 1928

BUILDING PERMITS IN THE PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES IN 19271

Introduction and Summary

T HE Bureau of Labor Statistics here presents its eighth annual report of building operations in the principal cities of the United States.

The bureau wishes to thank the local building officials and the various State organizations for their cooperation and interest in this work. The States of Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania are now cooperating with the Federal bureau in this work.

In 1922 it was necessary for the bureau to send its agents to 3314 per cent of the cities from which reports were received. In 1926 it was necessary to send to only 10.7 per cent of the cities, and this year agents of the bureau had to visit but 7 ^ per cent of the cities to compile the data from the records of the local building officials.

Questionnaires asking for the number and estimated cost of each of the different kinds of buildings for which permits were issued in the different cities were sent to each city in the United States which had a population of 25,000 or over, according to the latest estimate by the Census Bureau. Replies were received from 302 cities.

The cost figures presented herewith refer only to the cost of the building. Land costs are not included. The estimated cost is given when application for permit to build is made. A few cities make the owner state the actual cost of the building after completion. The cost as stated on the application is then amended.

Table 1 shows the total number of new buildings and the estimated cost of each of the different kinds of new buildings for which permits were issued in the 302 cities from which schedules were received for the year 1927, the per cent that each kind forms of the total number, the per cent the cost of each kind forms of the total cost, and the average cost per building.

i Earlier reports concerning building permits issued in the United States are published in Bulletins Nos. 295, 318, 347, 368, 397, 424, and 449 of the Bureau of Labor Statistics; also in issues of the Labor Review for July, 1921; April, 1922; July and October, 1923; June and October, 1924; June, September, and October, 1925; June, July, and October, 1926; M ay, June, July, October, and November, 1927; May and June, 1928. 1


2 BUILDING PERMITS IN THE PRINCIPAL CITIES IN 1927T able 1 N U M B E R A N D COST OF N EW BUILDINGS AS STATE D B Y PE R M IT S ISSUED

IN 302 CITIES D U R IN G C A L E N D A R Y E A R 1927, B Y K IN D OF B U ILD IN G

New buildings for which permits were issued

Kind of buildings Per cent of total

Estimated cost

Number of buildings

AmountPer

cent of total

Average per building

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

One-family dwellings________________ - ............. 164, 268 25, 227

3, 329 13, 663 1,783

201 79

37.3 $789, 382,883 208, 578,118

34,978, 625

24.4 $4, 805 8, 268Two-family dwellings .......... ... _ 5.7 6.4

One-family and two-family dwellings with s tores.__________________ _________________ .8 1.1 10, 507

53,929 50, 851

345, 240

Mnlti-fRTnily dwellings ....................... 3.1 736, 830, 499 22.7Multi-family dwellings with stores. _ _____ .4 90, 666, 916

69, 393, 263 1, 305, 302

30, 763, 923

2.8Hotels ____ ________________ ________ ___ 0)

0)0)

2.1Lodging houses_____ ________ _____________ 0).9

16, 523 144, 432All other____ ___ ______ ______ ___________ 213

Total...................... ........................................ 208, 763 47.4 1, 961, 899, 529 60.5 9,398

NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Amusement buildings. ...................................... _ 943 .2 128, 208, 773 4.0 135,958C hurches.________ ____ _______ _________ ___ 1,118 .3 58, 890, 438 1.8 52, 675

33, 798Factories and workshops_____________________ 4,181 4,192

.9 141, 307,499 4.4Public garages____ _____ _______ _ _ _ _______ 1.0 74,395, 804 2.3 17, 747Private garages. _ __________ _______ _________ 181, 859 41.2 65,449,178 2.0 360Service stations.___________ _______________ _ 4, 919

3321.1 15,022, 065 .5 3, 054

Institutions_________________________________ .1 75,132, 340 2.3 226, 302Office buildings________ _________________ . . . 1, 271 .3 242, 853, 223 7.5 ; 191,073Public buildings_________ ___________ - ____ 339 .1 47,450, 619 1.5 139,972Public works and utilities____________ _______ 593 .1 45, 389, 033

155, 542,1001.4 76, 541

185,833 374

Schools and libraries_________________________ 837 .2 4.8Sheds________________________________________ 13, 608 3.1 5, 091, 261 .2Stables and barns... _____ _________ _______ 358 .1 823, 018

215, 747,108 0)6. 72,299

16, 246 1, 690

Stores and warehouses_________ _____________ 13, 280 3.0All other........................ ........................................... 4,283 1.0 7, 239,146 .2

Total_________ ______________ ________ 232,113 52.6 1, 278, 541, 605 39.5 5,508

Grand total____________________________ 440, 876 100.0 3, 240,441,134 | 100.0 7, 350

1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent.

In the 302 cities from which reports were received for 1927, permits were issued for 440,876 new buildings, and the estimated expenditure for these buildings was $3,240,441,134. Permits were issued for 208,763 new residential buildings, which was 47.4 per cent of the number of new buildings erected. The amount expended for residential buildings was $1,961,899,529, or 60.5 per cent of the total expenditure for new buildings in these 302 cities.

It should be borne in mind that the costs shown in these tables are estimated costs declared in most cities by the prospective builder at the time of applying for his permit to build. Frequently the figures are under the real cost of the building. Many cities charge permit fees according to the cost of the building, and this may cause the builder to underestimate the cost. Another cause is that builders think that a low estimate may make their tax assessment lower. On the other hand, a builder may overestimate the cost in order to impress a prospective buyer.

In some cities the building commissioner carefully checks over the plans and the cost reported and requires the builder to give absolutely correct figures. In most cities, however, the estimate given is accepted if it is apparently reasonable. Reported costs do not show the cost of the land on which the building is erected, but construction costs alone.


One-family dwellings were the most numerous of residential buildings and alone accounted for the largest expenditure of money of any kind of building, either residential or nonresidential. However, if the total of the expenditures for the two classes of apartment houses be considered, it will be found that more money was spent for their erection than for one-family dwellings. Apartment houses accounted for 22.7 per cent of the total expenditure for new buildings and apartment houses with stores combined for 2.8 per cent, a total of25.5 per cent for the two kinds of multifamily dwellings compared with a percentage of 24.4 for one-family dwellings.

Nonresidential buildings comprised 52.6 per cent of the total new buildings and 39.5 per cent of the total amount expended for the erection of these structures.

There were 232,113 nonresidential buildings erected in these 302 cities in 1927, and of this number 181,859 were private garages. During this year more private garages were erected than one-family dwellings. The largest expenditure for any group of nonresidential buildings was for office buildings. The amount expended for this class of structure was $242,853,223, which was 7.5 per cent of the total expenditure for new buildings. Stores ranked next in importance in the nonresidential group, accounting for 6.7 per cent of the total amount spent.

The last column of Table 1 shows the average cost of each kind of new building. One-family dwellings cost $4,805 per building in these cities during 1927. The largest average expenditure per building in either the residential or nonresidential group was for hotels, the average cost of the 201 hotels for which permits were issued in these cities being $345,240. The average cost of all residential buildings was $9,398.

Institutional buildings accounted for the largest expenditure per building of any class of nonresidential buildings, the average cost of these new hospitals, homes, etc., being $226,302. Office buildings and schools followed next in order with average expenditures per building of $191,073 and $185,833, respectively.

The average cost of all nonresidential buildings was $5,508, and of all new buildings both residential and nonresidential, $7,350.

Families Provided For

'T'ABLE 2 shows the number and per cent of families provided for by each of the different kinds of dwellings for which

permits were issued in 292 identical cities in 1926 and 1927.T a b l e 2 .N U M B E R A N D P E R C EN T OF FAM ILIES TO BE HOUSED IN N E W D W ELLIN G S

FOR W H ICH PE R M IT S W E R E ISSUED IN 292 ID E N T IC A L CITIES D U R IN G TH E CALE N D A R YE A RS 1926 A N D 1927, B Y K IN D OF D W E L L IN G

INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 3

Kind of dwelling

Number of new buildings for which permits were issued

Families provided for

Number Per cent

1926 1927 1926 1927 1926 1927

One-family dwellings_________________________Two-family dwellings________________________One-family and two-family dwellings with

stores. ________________________ _________

200, 373 29, 860

4,169 14, 993 1, 502

162,499 25,086

3, 320 13, 612 1, 769

200,373 59, 720

6, 870 197,138 16, 597

162,499 50,172

5, 380 178, 596 19, 401

41.712.4

1.4 41.03.5

39.112.1

1.342.94.7

Multifamily dwellings_______________ _______Multifamily dwellings with stores......................

Total............................................................... 250, 897 206, 286 480, 698 416,048 100.0 100.0


In the 292 cities from which reports were received for both 1926 and 1927, habitations were provided for 206,286 families in 1927. compared with 250,897 in 1926, a decrease of 44,611 in the number of new family dwelling places. In other words, the number of families provided for in new buildings decreased 17.8 per cent in 1927 as compared with 1926.

One-family dwellings provided 41.7 per cent of the new housing units in 1926, but only 39.1 per cent in 1927. On the other hand,42.9 per cent of the families provided for in 1927 were provided for in apartment houses, compared with 41.0 per cent in 1926. Two- family dwellings provided for 12.4 per cent of the families provided for during 1926 and 12.1 per cent during 1927.

Table 3 shows the number and percentage distribution of families provided for in the different kinds of dwellings in the 257 identical cities from which reports were received in each year from 1921 to 1927, inclusive.

4 BUILDING PERMITS IN THE PRINCIPAL CITIES IN 1927

T a b le 3 .N U M B E R A N D P E E C EN T OF FA M ILIES P R O V ID E D FOR IN TH E D IF F E R E N T KIN DS OF D W E LLIN G S IN 257 ID E N T IC A L CITIES, 1921 TO 1927, IN CLU SIVE

Year

Number of families provided for in Per cent of families provided for in

One-family

dwellings

Two- family

dwellings 1

Multifamily

dwellings 2All classes

of dwellingsOne-

familydwellings

Two- family

dwellings 1

Multifamily

dwellings 2

1921_____________ 130,873 38, 858 54,814 224, 545 58.3 17.3 24.41922_____________ 179, 364 80, 252 117, 689 377, 305 47.5 21.3 31.21923_____________ 207, 632 96, 344 149, 697 453, 673 45.8 21.2 33.01924_____________ 210, 818 95,019 137,082 442,919 47.6 21.5 30.91925_____________ 226,159 86,145 178, 918 491, 222 46.0 17.5 36.41926_____________ 188, 074 64, 298 209, 842 462, 214 40.7 13.9 45.41927_____________ 155, 512 54, 320 196, 263 406,095 38.3 13.4 48.3

1 Includes one-family and two-family dwellings with stores.2 Includes multi-family dwellings with stores.

In 1921 there were 224,545 families provided with new dwelling accommodations in these 257 cities; of this number 58.3 per cent were provided for in one-family dwellings and only 24.4 per cent in apartment houses. In no year since 1921, however, have more than half the families provided for been housed in single family dwellings. The percentage domiciled in new separate homes was 47.5 per cent in 1922, fell to 45.8 per cent in 1923, rose to 47.6 per cent in 1924, and has been falling every year since, until during 1927 only 38.3 per cent of the families cared for were housed in one-family dwellings.

In contrast, the families housed in apartment houses have shown an increase each year over the preceding year except in 1924, when there was a slight decrease over 1923. In 1927 the percentage of families provided for in apartment houses was 48.3. Two-family dwellings provided for 17.3 per cent of the total number of families housed in new buildings in 1921, and in 1924 a peak of 21.5 per cent was reached by this class of dwelling. The percentage has decreased steadily since that year until it accounted for only 13.4 of all new family housing units in 1927.

In 1921 there were 224,545 families provided for in all classes of dwellings in the 257 cities. The number of housing units built steadily increased, except for a slight drop in 1924, until a peak of 491,222 was reached in 1925. That is, 118.8 per cent more family


INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 5housing units were erected in 1925 than in 1921. During 1927 homes were provided for 406,095 families in these 257 cities, which is 80.9 per cent more homes than were provided in 1921.

Building Trend, 1926 and 1927

'T ABLE 4 shows the number and cost of the different kinds of buildings for the 292 identical cities from which reports were received

in 1926 and 1927, and the per cent of increase or decrease in the number and in the cost in 1927 as compared with 1926.T a ble 4 N U M B E R A N D COST OF N EW BUILDINGS FOR W H ICH P E R M IT S W E R E IS

SUED IN 292 ID E N T IC A L CITIES D U R IN G TH E C A L E N D A R Y E A R S 1926 A N D 1927, B Y K IN D OF B U ILD IN G

Kind of building

New buildings for which permits were issued

1926

Number Cost Number

1927

Cost

Per cent of increase (+ ) or

decrease ( ) in the year 1927

compared with the year 1926

Number Cost

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

One-family dwellings_______________Two-family dwellings______________One-family and two-family dwellings

with stores_______________________Multifamily dwellings______________Multifamily dwellings with stores__Hotels______________________________Lodging houses_____________________All other___________________________

Total________________________NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Amusement buildings______________Churches___________________________Factories and workshops___________Public garages_______ 1____________Private garages_____________________Service stations_____________________Institutions________________________Office buildings____________________Public buildings____________________Public work and utilities___________Schools and libraries________________Sheds______________________________Stables and barns__________________Stores and warehouses______________All other___________________________

Total_________________________Grand total___________________

200,373 29,860

4,169 14,993 1,502

306 60

233251,496

1,188 4,855 4,456

197,106 4,250

290 1,711

277 779 886

16, 523 507

15,702 5,872

255,365506,861

$938, 577,815 250,794,978

44,105,260 793,497,118 81,161, 524

145,278,045 808,020

38,354,493

162,499 25,086

3,320 13,612 1, 769

201 77

$778,308,271 207,262,418

34,888,475 734,224,604 89,900,816 69,393,263 1,294,302

30,339,123

-1 8 .9-1 6 .0

-2 0 .4-9 .2

+17.8-34 .3+28.3-1 0 .7

2,292,577,253 206,772 1,945,611,272 -1 7 .8

135,480,162 66,698,198

179,854,268 75,510,070 78,100,478 15,305,294 49,630,473

262,563, 433 31,681,285 43,828, 750

152, 728,630 7,356,149

845,058 216,380, 712 15,446, 801

941 1,108 4,139 4,166

180,174 4,861

329 1,266

334

13,543 339

13,096 4,206

127,898, 773 58,638,788

139,223,156 74,123, 656 64,943,685 14,855,885 74,873, 700

242,078,223 46,149, 742 44,814,183

153,977,401 5,048,494

805,083 213,022,251

7,141,587

-2 .3 -6 .7

-1 4 .8 6. 5 -8 .6

+14.4 +13.4 -2 6 .0 +20.6 -2 5 .2 - 7 .5

-1 8 .0 -33 .1 -1 6 .6 -2 8 .4

1,331,409, 761 229,905 1,267, 594, 607 -10.03,623,987,014 436,677 3,213, 205, 879

-17.1-17 .4

-20 .9-7 .5

+10.8-52.2+60.2-20 .9-15.1

-5 .6-12.1-22.6-1 .8

-16 .8-2 .9

+50.9-7 .8

+45.7+2.2+ .8

-31 .4-4 .7-1 .6

-4.8

There was a decrease of 13.9 per cent in the number of new buildings for which permits were issued in 1927 as compared with 1926 and a decrease of 11.3 per cent in the amount expended for the erection of new buildings. The decrease in both the number and cost of residential buildings was greater than the decrease in nonresidential buildings. There was a decrease of 17.8 per cent in the number and a decrease of 15.1 per cent in the cost of residential buildings. Nonresidential buildings decreased 10.0 per cent in number and 4.8 per cent in cost.

All classes of residential buildings decreased both in number and in cost except multifamily dwellings with stores combined and lodging houses. The greatest decrease shown in the residential group was by hotels, which decreased 34.3 per cent in number and


52.2 per cent in money expended. One-family dwellings decreased18.9 per cent in number and 17.1 per cent in money expended in 1927 as compared with 1926. Apartment houses, however, decreased only 9.2 per cent in number and 7.5 per cent in cost.

In the nonresidential group only two classes of buildings showed increases in both number and cost public buildings increasing 20.6 per cent in number and 45.7 per cent in money expended, and institutional buildings (usually public or semipublic in character) increasing 13.4 per cent in number and 50.9 per cent in amount expended. ^

Service stations showed an increase in number, but a decrease in cost, while public works and utilities and schools and libraries showed a decrease in number but an increase in the amount expended in their construction.

In 1926 the amount expended for new buildings of all classes in these 292 cities was $3,623,987,014, of which $2,292,577,253 was for residential buildings and $1,331,409,761 was for nonresidential buildings. In 1927 the total amount expended for new buildings was $3,213,205,879, consisting of $1,945,611,272 for residential buildings and $1,267,594,607 for nonresidential buildings.

Per Capita Expenditure for Buildings

T^ABLE 5 shows the total and per capita expenditures for new buildings, new housekeeping dwellings, repairs and additions, and

for all kinds of buildings in each of the 302 cities for which reports were received for the calendar year 1927; the total number of families provided for and the ratio of families provided for to each10,000 of population in these 302 cities; and the total expenditure for all classes of buildings for 292 cities in 1926.

In these 302 cities in 1927 there was expended for building operations of all kinds $3,593,839,405. Of this amount, $3,240,441,134 was for new buildings and $353,398,271 for repairs and alterations to old buildings. Of the amount expended for new buildings $1,860,437,041 was for housekeeping dwellings.

The 302 cities from which reports were received in 1927 had a population on July 1, 1927, of 43,919,581, according to the estimate of the Census Bureau. The per capita expenditure for all building operations was $81.83, the per capita expenditure for new buildings was $73.78, and for repairs $8.05. The expenditure per person for homes was $42.36.

The five leading cities in per capita expenditure were Irvington, N. J., $374.57; White Plains, N. Y., $352.82; Evanston, 111., $343.04; Pontiac, Mich., $325.15; and Mount Vernon, N. Y., $314.74. Residential building accounted for this large expenditure for building in all of these cities except Pontiac. In Pontiac the large expenditure was largely accounted for by several very large factory buildings. It will be noted that the four cities where residential building accounted for the large per capita expenditure are suburban cities.

Following is a list of the five leading cities in total expenditure for building operations from 1920 to date.



INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY

1920New York_____________ $277, 695, 337Chicago________________ 84, 602, 650Detroit_________________ 77, 737, 215Cleveland______________ 64, 198, 600Los Angeles____________ 60, 023, 600

1921New York_____________ 442, 285, 248Chicago________________ 133, 027, 910Cleveland______________ 86, 680, 023Los Angeles____________ 82, 761, 386Detroit_________________ 58, 086, 053

1922New York_____________ 645, 176, 481Chicago________________ 229, 853, 125Los Angeles____________ 121, 206, 787Philadelphia___________ 114, 190, 525Detroit_________________ 93, 614, 593

1923New York_____________ 789, 265, 335Chicago________________ 334, 164, 404Los Angeles____________ 200, 133, 181Detroit_________________ 129, 719, 831Philadelphia. __________ 128, 227, 405

1924New York____________ $836, 043, 604Chicago_______________ 308, 911, 159Detroit_______________ 160, 547, 723Los Angeles___________ 150, 147, 516Philadelphia__________ 141, 402, 655

1925New York____________ 1, 020, 604, 713Chicago_______________ 373, 803, 571Detroit_______________ 180, 132, 528Philadelphia__________ 171, 034, 280Los Angeles___________ 152, 646, 436

1926New York____________ 1, 039, 670, 572Chicago_______________ 376, 808, 480Detroit_______________ 183, 721, 443Philadelphia__________ 140, 093, 075Los Angeles___________ 123, 006, 215

1927New York____________ 880, 333, 455Chicago_______________ 365, 065, 042Detroit_______________ 145, 555, 647Los Angeles___________ 123, 027, 139Philadelphia__________ 117, 590, 650

In the 302 cities shown in Table 5 the number of families provided for was 418,878; that is, new family accommodations were provided for at the rate of 95.4 to each 10,000 of population. Irvington, N. J., provided for more families in accordance with its population than any other city in the cguntry, there being 740.5 families provided for to each 10,000 of population.

Following are the five cities having the highest ratio of families provided for to each 10,000 of population, 1921 to 1927. In 1927 the five cities are suburbs of New York City, and, excepting Yonkers, each has a population of less than 100,000.

1921Long Beach__________________ 631. 9Los Angeles________ _________ 320. 9Pasadena____________________ 251. 7Shreveport___________________ 249. 8Lakewood____________________ 191. 3

1922Long Beach__________________ 1, 081. 0Los Angeles__________________ 441. 6Lakewood____________________ 358. 9Miami_______________________ 268. 1East Cleveland______________ 267. 6

1923Long Beach__________________ 1, 038. 1Los Angeles__________________ 657. 4Miami_______________________ 611. 1Irvington____________________ 432. 1Lakewood____________________ 381. 5

1924Miami1______________________ 2, 248. 9Irvington____________________ 501. 2

1924 ContinuedLos Angeles 2________________San Diego___________________Long Beach_________________

448. 3 378. 0 347. 6

Miami1_____San Diego___Tampa_______Irvington____Los Angeles 2_

1925

St. Petersburg_ Mount Vernon.Irvington______White Plains__San Diego_____

1926

1,342.0392.0

__ 379.3374.6331.0

700.3644.7

__ 398.6367.2

... 339.5

740.5419.5

__ 414.8349.0 338. 1

i The ratio of families provided for in Miami in 1924 was based on the population as estimated by the Census Bureau for that year. In the light of the actual census taken by State enumeration in 1925, it would seem that the estimate for 1924 was below the actual population for that year, hence the ratio here shown for 1924 is probably higher than the actual population in that year would warrant,

? Population not estimated in 1924 or 1925; 1923 estimate used.

Irvington______White Plains. Mount Vernon _Yonkers_______East Orange___

1927



T a b l e 5.T O T A L A N D P E R C A P IT A E X P E N D IT U R E S FOR N EW BU ILD IN G S

City and State

Akron, Ohio_______Alameda, Calif____Albany, N. Y ..........Allentown, Pa_____Altoona, P a_______Amsterdam, N. Y__Anderson, Ind_____Asheville, N. C____Ashtabula, Ohio___Atlanta, G a_______Atlantic City, N. J.Auburn, N. Y .........Augusta, Ga_______Aurora, 111_________Baltimore, M d..........Bangor, M e ________Battle Creek, Mich..Bay City, M ich____Bav^nne, N. J______Bellingham, Wash...Berkeley, Calif_____Bethlehem, P a_____Binghamton, N. Y__Birmingham, Ala___Bloomfield, N. J.......Bloomington, 111____Boston, Mass_______Bridgeport, Conn__.Brockton, Mass------Brookline, Mass____Buffalo, N . Y _ _ .......Burlington, Iowa___Butte, M ont.......... .Cambridge, Mass______Camden, N. J ........... ......Canton, Ohio__________Cedar Rapids, Iow a.___Central Falls, R. I _____Charleston, S. C _______Charleston, W . Va_____Charlotte, N. C ________Chattanooga, Tenn........Chelsea, Mass_________Chester, Pa____________Chicago, 111____________Chicopee, Mass________Cicero, 111_____________Cincinnati, Ohio______Clarksburg, W . Va____Cleveland, Ohio_______Clifton, N. J___________Colorado Springs, Colo.Columbia, S. C ________Columbus, Ga_________Columbus, Ohio_______Council Bluffs, Iowa___Covington, K y ________Cranston, R. I _________Cumberland, M d______Dallas, Tex____________Danville, 111___________Davenport, Iowa______Dayton, Ohio_________Decatur, 111___________Denver, Colo__________Des Moines, Iowa_____Detroit, M ich ......... .......Dubuque, Iowa________Duluth, Minn_________Durham, N. C_________

Expenditure for new

buildings, 1927

Expenditure for repairs

and additions, 1927

$19,197,412 1,416,457

13,366, 6155,912,975 2, 558, 515

565, 030 1,950,4055, 258, 893

418, 680 10, 518,9824, 632, 308

662, 302 1,121, 3522, 455, 987

East Chicago, Ind____East Cleveland, Ohio.. Easton, Pa___________

665, 700 809, 055 539, 041 382, 045833, 000 477, 502753, 684 927,041219, 660 931, 656754, 577847, 200639,474 455, 512 202,120401,177 530, 831664,14042,048

357,995 710, 615 716,689256,051 764,315 257,384 518,934733,425030,150 564, 905 124, 340 641,185039,960482,125 785,189 912, 580 138, 800 304,485 350, 745 401, 555 331, 275 288, 950 787, 300 462,810 595, 734841,894

7,955,401915,498

1,914, 6178, 682, 9965, 537, 220

13, 731, 5502, 567, 715

132,154, 3831,059, 0623, 248, 8402, 437, 5113,963,0391,183,135

988, 212

1,4,4,

2,353,

1,4,

25,

36,3,

1,1,

21,

$998,676120, 473

2, 822,128675.194 482, 78942, 500

262,977 728, 260 78,100

1, 341,925I, 190, 556

180, 892 337, 738 335, 541

5, 772,090 42, 300

212, 825 393,164 116, 950 309, 608 929, 384 549, 580

1,071, 249 1,855, 040

125, 500 77, 000

10,347, 994 731, 200 231, 239 501, 263

1, 542, 622 57,000 26,201

1, 199,474 619, 712 439,331 346, 571 34,415

328,715 519, 775 821, 459 844,051 301,155 271,925

II,423,857 77,150

153, 704 4,785,110

95, 055 9, 341, 750

84,080 226, 653 131,820 208,474

1, 993, 650 142, 950 259, 500 73, 900

100, 5711, 818,122

121, 293 138, 734

1, 649, 030253.195

2,023, 050308,416

13, 401, 264 229,145

1,182, 595 150, 243341, 327 37, 485

311, 458

Total expenditures

1927

$20,196,088 1, 536, 930

16,188, 743 6, 588,1693, 041, 304

607, 5302,213,382 5, 987,153

496, 78011,860,9075, 822, 864

843,1941, 459,0902, 791, 528

28,437, 790 851, 355

4, 751, 866 775, 209

1,949, 9501, 787,1106, 683, 0682, 476,621 4,290, 909

21, 786, 6966, 880, 077

924, 20060, 987, 468 5,186, 712 1,433, 359 5,902,440

33, 073, 453721,140 68, 249

9, 557,469 5,330, 327 4,156,020 2, 602, 622

798, 730586,099

2,038, 7095, 554, 884 4,874,201

866, 060 2,396, 265

365,065,042 1,117,1104, 635, 829

30,570,2991, 007, 635

45,480, 5503,388, 565

577, 398 1, 533, 375 1, 539, 749

23, 282, 600 930, 250

1, 722, 3102, 669, 634

942, 4659, 773, 5231,036, 7912,053, 351

10, 332, 0265, 790, 415

15, 754, 6002,876,131

145, 555, 6471, 288, 207 4,431,4352, 587, 7544, 304,3661, 220, 6201, 299, 670

$15,982,9362, 238, 799

25, 753, 739 9,217, 895 3,023, 102 1, 696, 4501, 506, 287 9,298, 348

916, 376 17,174, 8529, 254, 671

478,102 1,167,4864, 932,142

42,456,205 410, 835

4, 510, 519 919, 568

2, 875, 737 2,284, 7227, 333, 682 2,151,442 3,277, 545

17,170, 775 (4)

1,178, 550 51,484, 404 3,457,992 1, 879, 4054,951,499

27,413, 296 1, 070,000

444, 6318, 270,4606, 571, 4475.321, 2626, 219, 714I, 248,986

466,1133.180, 7727.181, 609 4,807, 723 1,084, 8943, 585, 730

376,808,4801, 556, 7105.322, 457

29,256,952556, 035

61, 776, 5753,800, 665

777, 361 1, 449, 016 1, 251,030

25, 250, 700 2,022, 250 2,151, 500 2,915,184

765, 61516,122, 976 1, 362, 9001,183, 326

II,011, 483 5,405, 302

13,873, 450 5,868, 645

183, 721, 4431, 729,1945, 685, 9863, 370, 9044,135,9041, 533,9501, 738, 411

Expenditure for new

housekeeping dwellings,

1927

$12,191, 595 923, 556

6, 938, 5003, 557, 700 1, 392,135

439, 500 1,206,100 1, 725,160

169, 700 6,885, 011 1, 677, 968

111, 700 901, 318

1,991, 52514, 355, 000

136, 600918,475 161, 425 848, 800 826, 910

3, 730, 780 1, 279,8501, 292,050

10,183, 7645, 261, 500

520, 00022, 722,143 2,160, 960

864,1754, 039, 650

13, 257,157247,140

10, 0003,107,1502, 279, 5502, 531, 550

637, 815259,100 91, 250

855,9003,119, 7601, 507,180

423, 3001,461, 500

226,890,750 427, 500

3.328.400 18,485,884

233, 80017,413,100 2,774, 785

236, 075 808, 350 990, 643

11,859, 300 466, 300

1,022,7002, 262,050

484, 2882,453, 030

833,196 586,170

4,488, 9003.185.4007,855,9001, 514,104

64,181,967 252, 325

1, 426,1741, 374, 3051,951,242

963.000 522, 785

i Not estimated by Census Bureau. 2 Estimate as of July 1, 1926,


INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY

AND FOR R EPA IR S, A N D FA M ILIES PR O V ID E D FOR, IN 302 CITIES IN 1927

9

City and StateEstimated population July 1,1927

Families provided for Per capita expenditure, 1927

NumberRatio

per10,000

For new buildings

For repairs and additions

TotalRank

ofcity

For housekeeping dwellings

Akron, Ohio........ .................. 0) 2,521Alameda, Calif........................ 2 32,400 239 73.8 $43.72 $3.72 $47.44 152 $28. 50Albany, N. Y ....................... . 119,500 558 46.7 111. 85 23.62 135.47 24 58. 06Allentown, P a_____________ 97,000 681 70.2 60.96 6.96 67. 92 86 36. 68Altoona, Pa________________ 67,800 282 41.6 37.74 7.12 44. 86 160 20. 53Amsterdam, N . Y _________ 35,900 67 18.7 15.74 1.18 16.92 262 12.24Anderson, In d --------------------- 2 34, 600 456 131.8 56.37 7. 60 63.97 92 34. 86Asheville, N . C ____________ 2 32,000 449 140.3 164. 34 22.76 187.10 9 53.91Ashtabula, Ohio__________ _ 2 25, 500 38 14.9 16.42 3.06 19.48 255 6. 65Atlanta, Ga__............. ............ 249,000 2,563 102.9 42.24 5. 39 47. 63 151 27.65Atlantic City, N . J................ 54,200 248 45.8 85.47 21.97 107.43 37 30.96Auburn, N . Y ..................... . 35, 677 20 5.6 18. 56 5.07 23. 63 244 3.13Augusta, Ga_______________ 56,200 344 61.2 19.95 6.01 25. 96 237 16.04Aurora, Til _ . 46. 500 418 89.9 52.82 7. 22 60.03 105 42. 83Baltimore, M d ........... - .......... 819, 000 3,546 43.3 27. 67 7.05 34. 72 199 17.53Bangor, M e_____________ _ 2 26, 800 33 12.3 30.19 1. 58 31. 77 218 5.10Battle Creek, M ich................ 46,100 268 58.1 98.46 4. 62 IL03. 08 40 19. 92Bay City, M ich.................. . 49,400 42 8.5 7. 73 7.96 15. 69 267 3.27Bayonne, N. J---------- ---------- 93,100 344 36.9 19.69 1.26 20.94 253 9.12Bellingham, Wash................. 2 26, 300 348 132.3 56.18 11. 77 67. 95 85 31.44Berkeley, Calif........................ 69,400 867 124.9 82.91 13. 39 96. 30 45 53. 76Bethlehem, Pa_____________ 66,000 230 34.8 29.20 8. 33 37. 52 188 19.39Binghamton, N. Y _ .............. 73,900 310 41.9 43. 57 14. 50 58.06 111 17.48Birmingham Ala__............... 217,500 3,019 138.8 91.64 8.53 100.17 41 46. 82Bloomfield, N . J ___________ (0 1,062Bloomington, 111----------------- 2 30, 700 96 31.3 27.60 2. 51 30.10 225 16.94Boston, Mass---------------------- 793,100 5,316 67.0 63. 85 13.05 76.90 67 28. 65Bridgeport, Conn---------------- 3 143, 535 497 34.6 31.04 5.09 36.14 193 15.06Brockton, Mass...................... 65, 343 176 26.9 18.40 3. 54 21. 94 249 13. 23Brookline, Mass ---------------- 44,800 472 105.4 120. 56 11.19 131. 75 26 90.17Buffalo, N . Y ......................... 550,000 3,373 61.3 57. 33 2.80 60.13 104 24.10Burlington, Iowa---------------- 2 27,100 93 34.3 24. 51 2.10 26. 61 233 9.12Butte, M ont............. .............. 43,300 1 .2 .97 .61 1. 58 283 .23Cambridge, Mass-------- ------- 123,900 636 51.3 67.46 9.68 77.14 66 25.08Camden, N. J--------------------- 133,100 559 42.0 35.39 4. 66 40.05 174 17.13Canton, Ohio---------------------- 113, 300 512 45.2 32.80 3.88 36. 68 192 22. 34Cedar Rapids, Iowa___......... 54,100 145 26.8 41.70 6.41 48.11 148 11. 79Central Falls, R . I ----- --------- 2 25,700 74 28.8 29.74 1.34 31.08 221 10.08Charleston, S. C ..................... 75,000 38 5.1 3.43 4. 38 7. 81 280 1. 22Charleston, W. V a _ _ ---------- 53,400 269 50.4 28.44 9. 73 38.18 185 16.03Charlotte, N. C_.................... 55,900 1,052 188.2 84.68 14.70 99.37 42 55. 81Chattanooga, Tenn------------- 72,900 596 81.8 55. 28 11.58 66. 86 89 20.67Chelsea, Mass--------------------- 49,000 107 21.8 11.53 6.15 17. 67 261 8.64Chester, Pa-------------- ---------- 72,300 361 49.9 29.38 3. 76 33.14 211 20. 21Chicago, 111------------------------- 3,102,800 41, 201 132.8 113.97 3.68 117. 66 33 73.12Chicopee, M ass... ------------- 44, 300 110 24.8 23.48 1.74 25. 22 23S 9. 65Cicero, 111-------------------------- 68, 500 559 81.6 65.43 2. 24 67. 68 87 48. 59Cincinnati, Ohio----------------- 412,200 3,212 77.9 62. 56 11.61 74.16 72 44.85Clarksburg, W . V a------------- 2 30,900 76 24.6 29. 53 3.08 32. 61 214 7.57Cleveland, Ohio___________ 972, 500 3, 631 37.3 37.16 9. 61 46. 77 154 17.91Clifton, N. J_______________ 2 36, 200 567 156. 6 91.28 2. 32 93. 61 47 76.65Colorado Springs, Colo_____ (i) 67Columbia, S. C ____________ 50,000 206 41.2 28.03 2. 64 30. 67 224 16.17Columbus, Ga. ___________ 45,800 325 71.0 29.07 4. 55 33. 62 204 21. 63Columbus, Ohio-------- --------- 291,400 2,430 83.4 73.06 6.84 79. 90 61 40.70Council Bluffs, Iowa_______ 41,600 136 32.7 18.93 3.44 22. 36 248 11. 21Covington, K y _____________ 58, 700 346 58.9 24.92 4.42 29. 34 228 17.42Cranston, R. I _____________ 36,600 452 123.5 70.92 2.02 72. 94 73 61.80Cumberland, M d ---------------- 2 34,400 110 32.0 24.47 2.92 27.40 229 14.08Dallas, Tex................... .......... 211, 600 986 46.6 37.60 8. 59 46.19 156 11. 59Danville, 111_______________ 38, 200 192 50.3 23.97 3.18 27.14 232 32.98Davenport, Iowa----------------- 3 52,469 125 23.8 36.49 2.64 39.13 180 11.17Dayton, Ohio......................... 180, 700 1,201 66.5 48.05 9.13 57.18 116 24.84Decatur, 111________________ 56,000 613 109.5 98.88 4.52 103.40 39 57.06Denver, Colo______________ 289,800 1,847 63. 7 47.38 6.98 54. 36 127 27.11Des Moines, Iowa__________ 148,900 360 24.2 17.24 2.07 19. 32 256 10.17Detroit, M ich____________ 1, 334, 500 15,614 117.0 99.03 10.04 109. 07 36 48.09Dubuque, Iowa____________ 41,900 67 16.0 25.28 5.47 30. 74 223 6.02Duluth, M inn_____________ 114, 700 303 26.4 28.32 10.31 38. 64 183 12.43Durham, N . C .................. . 45, 700 508 111.2 53.34 3.29 56. 62 120 30.07East Chicago, Ind_________ 49,100 406 82.7 80. 71 6.95 87. 67 52 39.74East Cleveland, Ohio______ 2 39,400 258 65.5 30.03 .95 30.98 222 24.44Easton, Pa-------------------------- 37,900 77 20.3 26.07 8. 22 34. 29 201 13.79

3 State census, Jan. l, 1925. 4 Data not collected.


10 BUILDING PERMITS IN THE PRINCIPAL, CITIES IN 1927T a b l e 5 . T O T A L A N D P E E C A P IT A E X P E N D IT U R E S FOE N EW B U ILD IN G S A N D

City and State

East Orange, N. J ------East Providence, R. I .East St. Louis, 111-------Elgin, 111_____________Elizabeth, N. J........_ ..Elkhart, Ind_________Elmira, N. Y _________El Paso, Tex_________Erie, Pa_............. ..........Evanston, 111............Evansville, Ind......... . .Everett, Mass...........

Fall River, M ass... Fitchburg, M ass...Flint, M ich_______Fond du Lac, Wis_. Fort Wayne, Ind... Forth Worth, Tex_. Fresno, Calif.......... .

Galveston, Tex______Gary, Ind -----------------Grand Rapids, M ich.Great Falls, Mont___Green Bay, W is_____Greensboro, N. C ------Greenville, S. C _____Greenwich, Conn____

Hagerstown, M d --------Hamilton, Ohio..........Hammond, Ind............Hamtramck, M ich-----Harrisburg, Pa_______Hartford, C onn ...........Haverhill, Mass______Hazleton, Pa_________Highland Park, Mich_Hoboken, N. J_______Holyoke, Mass_______Houston, Tex________Huntington, W. V a .._Indianapolis, Ind_____Irvington, N. J_______Jackson, M ich________Jacksonville, F la .........Jamestown, N. Y _____Jersey City, N. J ..........Johnstown, Pa..........Joliet, 111........................Joplin, M o ............... .Kalamazoo, M ich ... Kansas City, Kans. Kansas City, M o ...Kearny, N. J______Kenosha, W is..........Kingston, N. Y ____Knoxville, Tenn___Kokomo, Ind______Lakewood, Ohio___Lancaster, Pa..........Lansing, M ich........Lawrence, Mass____Lebanon, Pa_______Lewiston, M e______Lexington, K y ........Lima, Ohio..............Lincoln, Nebr...........Little Rock, Ark___Long Beach, Calif...Lorain, O h io.______Los Angeles, Calif

Expenditure for new

buildings, 1927

$11,610,3842,331,700 5,320,833 1,594,0839,966,500 2,603,043

978,6461,168,782 3,831,235

15,203,3553,146,640 1,905,515

1,531,294 577,407

20,817,834 b74,445

5,559,636 23,737,241 2,196,880

1,994,94211,095,08210, 716, 570 1,006,334 2,298,011 4,346, 940

763,8955,347,825

398, 560 740,909 209,300062.150 354,890 936, 053 652, 300 791,317 375,525121.150 513, 250 571, 799 415, 636828, 728677,855325,948 447, 555 328, 075 511,625 088, 378 432, 550 137,375

1,839,1581,461, 315

13,142,696 5, 740, 795 4,171,4921, 715, 520 5,194,115

403,6793,388, 565 2,381, 510 7,078,680

738, 945 431, 500454,100

2, 111, 818 482, 335

4,216,1382, 478, 645

12,899,1051, 203, 449

106,148, 223


and additions, 1927

$702,708 58,000

242,138 297,800 956,377 57,523

333,137 623,779

1,561,821 713,870 269,358 192,315

309,474 60,568

1,269,617 325, 734 442,862

4,746, 523

979,473 3,921,4471, 602,850

156,785210.887 490,890 347,287 352, 237

159,645 41,840

221,900 483, 665

1,214,4752, 593,888

257, 325 281,187 279,435 398,449 530, 950 754, 676 131,514

3,853, 588 282,372249, 696

1,320,831 417, 760

1,340,155 297,805 361,150 218,158383.888 125,475

1,679, 640 55,080

296, 961 424,573 505,302 76,416

127,834 623,328 251,740 174,189 173,000 15,000

239,167 224,978 182,402 514, 991 740, 320 97, 085

16,878, 916

Total expenditures

1927

$12,313,0922,389,700 5, 562,9711,891,883

10,922,877 2,660,5661,311,783 1,792, 5615,393,056

15,917,225 3,415,9982.097.830

1,840, 768637,975

22,087,451 1,000,1796,002,498

28,483, 764 2,690, 578

2,974,415 15,016, 52912,319,4201,163,119 2,508,8984.837.8301, 111, 1825, 700,062

1,558,205 1,782, 7496,431, 2001, 545,8153, 569, 365

17, 529, 941 909, 625

2,072, 5042,654,9601, 519, 599 2,044, 200

27, 326,475 1,547, 150

23,682,316 12,960, 2272, 575, 644

12,768,3862,745,835

13,851,780 1,386,1832, 793, 700 1,355, 5332,223,046 1,586, 790

14,822, 3365, 795,8754,468, 453 2,140,093 5,699,417

480,0953,516,399 3,044,8387,330,420

913,134604,500469,100

2,350,985 707,313

4,398,540 2,993, 636

13,639,4251, 300, 534

123,027, 139

1926

$9,034,924 2,278,950 4,469,348 3,611,282

11,165,855 (0

2,561,884 1,202,431 6,090,821

15,825,670 4,467,789 3,485,255

2,156,141 1,563,888

13,028,751 974,695

7,751,203 19,402,280 1,806, 744

3,200,920 22,074,162 16,868,650

574,824

h912,735 (4)913,232

2, 528, 7616, 635, 4921,933,1594, 333, 265

16, 216,851 844, 715

2,380,995 4,819, 0351, 230, 2082, 607,125

28,497, 6851,840,056

19,030, 292 9, 506, 0854,180, 018

20,789,226 2,146,426

20,902, 723 3,913,085

(4)1,654, 5331,983, 5902, 519, 625

21,576,4203,808,4215,122, 352 1,644, 654

10, 710,451464,101

4,293, 340 2,328,1074,492,836 1,729, 242 1,025, 450

419,1002,185,0511, 234, 0535,935,9756,888, 2268, 565, 1811,664,399

123, 006, 215

Expenditure for new


1927

$9,981,8501.109.400 2,160,097 1,204, 560 5, 599,000

859,605 765,962 475, 565

2,221, 900 11,870,500 1,530,900 1,319,500

I,089,884 234, 900

11,830,881 295, 740

2,478,725 12, 701,490

537,161

1,085,414 5,939, 5126.916.600

482,103 769,555

2.158, 522 425,175

4.159, 335

397,0851, 244, 724 4,999, 700

288, 550 1,811,100 6,099,139

386.100 793, 288

1,296,000 72, 000

1,283,050 15,100, 955

630, 7259,401, 259

II,469,928910.100

6,413,025 1,005, 300 4,652,800

659,1951.503.600

414,200641.100 720, 950

8, 735, 8642, 747,400 1,633, 297

719, 400 3,007, 253

163, 5002.888, 7551.360.400 1,795,165

204,800 191, 500 135, 500 971,558 152, 600

1.889, 590 1, 613, 018 4,470, 365

811,300 62, 078,117

iN ot estimated by Census Bureau, 2 Estimate as of July 1, 1926, ? State census, Jan. 1,1925.



FOR R EPA IR S, A N D FA M ILIE S P R O V ID E D FOR, IN 302 CITIES IN 1927 Continued


Families provided for

NumberRatio

per10,000

Per capita expenditure, 1927

For new buildings


TotalRank

ofcity

For housekeeping

dwellings

East Orange, N. J.........East Providence, R. I_.East St. Louis, 111_____Elgin, 111.........................Elizabeth, N . J ._ .........Elkhart, Ind..................Elmira, N. Y .................El Paso, Tex..................Erie, Pa....... ...................Evanston, 111.................Evansville, Ind.............Everett, Mass................

Fall River, M ass... Fitchburg, M ass...Flint, Mich_______Fond du Lac, W is. Fort Wayne, In d .. Fort Worth, Tex___ Fresno, Calif............

Galveston, Tex______Gary, Ind____________Grand Rapids, Mich..Great Falls, M ont___Green Bay, Wis......... .Greensboro, N. C ____Greenville, S. C ______Greenwich, Conn____

Hagerstown, M d .........Hamilton, Ohio............Hammond, Ind__........Hamtramck, M ich____Harrisburg, Pa.............Hartford, Conn_______Haverhill, Mass...........Hazleton, Pa_________Highland Park, M ich.Hoboken, N. J________Holyoke, M a s s ...........Houston, Tex_________Huntington, W . Va___Indianapolis, Ind_____Irvington, N. J......... .Jackson, M ich.............. .Jacksonville, Fla______Jamestown, N. Y ........ .Jersey City, N. J_____Johnstown, P a ..............Joliet, I1L______ ______Joplin, M o . . . ............... .Kalamazoo, Mich__. Kansas City, Kans.. Kansas City, M o . . .Kearny, N. J ...........Kenosha, Wis...........Kingston, N. Y ........Knoxville, Tenn___Kokomo, Ind............Lakewood, Ohio___Lancaster, Pa_.........Lansing, M ich_____Lawrence, Mass____Lebanon, Pa.............Lewiston, M e...........Lexington, K y .........Lima, Ohio.............Lincoln, Nebr...........Little Rock, Ark___Long Beach, Calif__Lorain, Ohio............Los Angeles, Calif

63,300 2 27, 100

73,10035.000 0)0)49.500

113, 5000)46.400 96, 60042.900

132.600 44, 700

142, 700 a 26, 500103.100163.600 62,200

49.900 85,200

161,900 2 30,900

35, 500 50, 300

2 28,100 0)

2 32,000 43,77054, 200 93,800 85, 700

168, 3003 49, 232

37, 50081.700 0)60.400

5 164, 95466.900

374,300 2 34, 600

61.700 138, 90045.100

321, 50073.00041.500 0)55, 500

117, 500383.100 2 32, 100

54,600 2 28,400102.10039.10062, 200 57, 700 75, 600

2 93, 500 2 25, 300

36.10048.10048.70069.900 77, 500

104,20044.000 0)

* Data not collected.

2.140249 585 262

1,650224 116 158 444

1,423420440

251 67

3,559 86

485 3,160

157

571 1,675 1,709

250 168 455 119 363

97362

1.141 70

319 1,270

99 126 366 22

275 4, 536

1942,400 2, 562

206 2,098

225 1, 287

128206128193387

3,10469630313481845

582247420433243

16035

388 514

1,479 237

20,801

338.191.9 80.074.9

183.42 86.04 72. 79 45. 55

23.413.9

19. 77 10.30

306.743.5

102.6

18.915.0

249.432.547.0

193.225.2

114.4196.6105.680.947.390.542.3

327.66 32. 5744.42

11. 55 12.92

145.89 25.45 53. 92

145.09 35.32

39.98 130.22 66.19 32.57 64.7386.42 27.18

30.382.7

210.57.5

37.275.5 20.133.644.8

43. 71 39. 77

114. 56 11. 32 27.48 88. 75 13. 25 47. 77 29.08

45.5275.029.064.1

740.533.4

151.0 49.9 40.017.549.6

25.05 161.09 21.1652.98

366.4137. 70 82.42 51. 62 38.92 14.91 58.62

34.832.9 81.0

216.855.547.2 80.111.593.642.855.6 4.6

12.611.933.3 7.2

55.566.3

141.953.9

33.14 12.44 34. 31

178.8476.4060.41 50.8710.3254.48 41. 27 93.637.90

17.06 12. 58 43.909.90

60.32 31.98

123. 79 27.35

$11.10 2.14 3.31 8.51

$194. 52 88.18 76.10 54.05

5169

129

6.73 5.50

26. 50 15.79

234266

15.39 2.79 4.48

2.33 1.358.90

12.294.30

29.017.94

19.63 46.039.90 5.075.94 9. 76

12.36

343.04 35.36 48.90

13.88 14. 27

154. 78 37. 7458. 22

174.1143.26

59. 61 176. 2576.09 37. 64 70.67 96.18 39. 54

144

27127019

18611013

164

1071270

1877946

197

4.99 .96

4. 09 5.16

14.17 15.415. 23 7. 50 3.42

40. 73 118. 6616.4841. 65

104.1618.48 55. 27 32. 50

14617131

26516738

259125215

8.79 4. 58 1.97

10.30 8.164.05 9.51 9. 26 4.17 4.08 8.70

33.84 165. 66 23.1363. 27

374. 5741. 74 91. 93 60. 88 43. 08 18. 99 67.32

20314

24596

116648

100165257

6.92 1.07 4.381. 72 5.44

14.954.951.952.06

10.803. 33 1.86 6.84.42

4.974. 622. 61 6.65 7.10 2.21

40.0513. 50 38. 69

180. 56 81.84 75. 3655. 82 12.2856. 53 52. 08 96. 969. 77

23.89 12. 99 48.8814. 52 62.93 38. 63

130. 90 29.56

175273 182115771

12327512113544

278240274 145 26897

18427

227

$157.69 40.94 29. 55 34.42

15.47 4.19

255.83 15.85 30.76

8.22 5. 26

82.91 11.16 24.04 77.648.64

21.75 69. 71 42. 72 15.60 21. 6842.91 15.13

12.41 28.44 92. 25 3.08

21.13 36.24 7.84

21.15 15. 86

21.24 91. 55 9.43

25.12 331. 5014. 75 46.17 22. 29 14.47 9.03

36.23

11. 55 6.14

22.80 85. 59 29. 91 25. 33 29.454.18

46.44 23. 58 23. 752.19 7.57 3. 75

20.20 3.13

27.03 20.81 42.9018.44

5 Estimate as of July 1, 1925.


12 BUILDING PERMITS IN THE PRINCIPAL CITIES IN 1927T a b l e 5.T O T A L A N D P E R C A P IT A E X P E N D IT U R E S FOR N EW B U ILD IN G S A N D

City and State

Louisville, Ky__.Lowell, Mass___Lynchburg, Va_. Lynn, Mass____

McKeesport, Pa______Macon, Ga___________Madison, W is________Malden, Mass________Manchester, N. H ____Mansfield, Ohio______Marion, Ind__________Marion, Ohio_________Medford, Mass_______Memphis, Tenn______Meriden, Conn_______Miami, Fla__________Milwaukee, W is______Minneapolis, Minn___Mobile, A la__________Moline, 111___________Montclair, N. J______Montgomery, A la____M ount Vernon, N. Y_Muncie, Ind__________Muskegon, M ich_____Muskogee, Okla______

Nashville, Tenn______Newark, N. J_________Newark, Ohio________New Bedford, M a ss...New Britain, Conn___New Brunswick, N. J.Newburgh, N. Y _____New Castle, Pa______New Haven, Conn___New London, Conn__.New Orleans, La_____Newport, K y_________Newport, R. I________Newport News, Va___New Rochelle, N. Y___Newton, Mass________New York, N. Y _____Niagara Falls, N. Y_._Norfolk, V a__________Norristown, Pa_______Norwalk, Conn_______

Oakland, Calif________Oak Park, 111_________Ogden, U tah ............Oklahoma City, Okla.Okmulgee, Okla______Omaha, Nebr_________Orange, N. J_________Oshkosh, W is________Ottumwa, Iowa............

Paducah, K y ..........Pasadena, Calif_____Passaic, N. J_______Paterson, N. J______Pawtucket, R. I____Peoria, 111__________Perth Amboy, N. J_.Petersburg, Va_____Philadelphia, Pa___Phoenix, Ariz_______Pittsburgh, Pa_____Pittsfield, Mass____Plainfield, N. J_____Pontiac, M ich______Port Arthur, Tex___Port Huron, M ich ...

Expenditure for new

buildings, 1927


and additions, 1927

$21,641,640618,960

1,289,1943,056,139

47,

848, 280 544,812 077, 535 193, 586 595, 408556, 940488,140 516, 615036, 251 858, 650 172, 713 259, 008 012, 350 489, 060 942, 628 981, 013 714, 631777,100 616,482696,831878.937799, 247

460,410 045, 152 622, 331 627, 817 442, 765157,150 209, 030 727, 785 770, 502422,125834, 595 400, 245793,940447.938 044, 519241,116 883, 632 840,989766,114 227,112 200, 790

18,279, 2388,811,831 1,048, 510

12,034, 263 229, 325

3,816, 245 4,818, 3261,431, 344

520, 500

332,000 766,007 110,944 369,443136,940 936, 110 324, 561 164, 377 087, 225345, 201 256, 737 107, 780 457, 838234, 295 524, 644 488, 215

7,4,5,3, 2, 1,

103,5,

29,1,4,

17,1,

$1, 698,970 352,155 239,535 821,636

507,839 341,304 384, 278 606, 507 344,666 222,615 33,420 41,178

334, 261 1, 544, 270

143.4641, 281,929 3, 735, 545 2,940, 560

203, 613 188,997 731, 533 754, 247

1,158,970 341,982 199,731 43,320

617, 663 4,406,478

31,491 538,810 661,119 681,916308, 621309, 710 970,877 379, 590

2,062,180 38,980

112,390 100,077 691,095 897,490

60,449,823 950. 491 580, 712 598,989 391, 219

2, 239,179 268, 845 449, 750 648, 03032, 825

750,973 763,197 62, 732 59,400

24,000 1,199, 713 1,492, 504 1, 000,474

449, 825473.465 347, 311 115, 089

14, 503,425 299, 923

7,854, 595 542, 910 588,173 324, 001 206, 736 350, 850

Total expenditures

1927

$23,340,610971,115

I, 528, 729 3,877,775

2,356,1192,886,1164.461.8133,800, 093 1,940, 0741, 779, 555

521, 560557, 793

4,370, 512 12,402, 9201,316,177 9, 540,138

37, 747, 895 22,429, 620 2,146, 2411,170, 010 5,446,1642, 531, 347

16, 775,4523.038.813 1,078, 668

842, 567

7,078,073 51,451, 630

653,8222, 166, 627 4,103, 884 2,839, 066 1, 51% 6513,037,495

II, 741, 379 1,801,715

15,896, 775 439, 225 906, 330 548, 015

9, 735, 614 10,138, 606

880, 333, 4554, 791, 4803,346,8261,826,1013, 592, 009

20, 518,4179, 080, 6761,498, 260

12, 682, 293262,150

4, 567, 218 5,581, 523 1,494,076

579,900

356,000 8,965, 7205, 603, 448 6,369, 9173, 586, 765 3,409, 575 1,671, 872

279, 466 117, 590, 650

5, 645,12437, 111, 332

1, 650, 6905, 046, 011

17, 558, 2961, 731, 380

839, 065

1926

Expenditures for new


1927

$20,252,4701, 577,635 1,086, 782 4,612,145

2, 524, 665 1, 739,139 5,103,4373, 611, 356 1,372, 9902.932, 699

(0336,115

5,758, 680 15,332,010 1, 236, 852

35, 242, 615 33,813, 864 20,609, 340

1,815, 809 1,386,062 6,969, 063 1, 626,000

24,827, 2561,817, 5841, 213, 027

388, 654

5, 242, 709 41,197, 877

375,4752, 269, 050 5,788, 9382, 628, 7813, 491, 4652, 304,105

19,467, 3251, 285, 565

18, 586, 444555, 500 548, 749 387, 749

8,153, 7198, 393,954

1,039, 670, 5724, 244, 0172, 771, 6631, 346, 2893,054, 352

27, 728, 3556,469, 914 1,438, 0507, 723,434

(4)9,927, 8533,483, 802 2,176, 014

799,640

9,188,4959, 052, 4233, 336,8837,462, 6583, 724, 3115, 685, 410 1,311, 365

281,600 140, 093, 075

2, 634, 323 43, 790,1031.933, 2004,888, 780 5,485, 297

877, 500 499, 705

$9,452, 570 340, 500 364, 523

1,986, 500

1, 512, 5231, 237, 0652, 538, 6002,030, 525

724, 825 732, 800 150, 840 376, 650

3,273, 900 5,865, 775

818, 550 1,499, 256

18,136, 6328, 519, 200

960,500735,125

3, 622,107 820, 000

11,838, 3001,120, 296

334, 350 224, 500

1,773, 650 26,081, 407

220, 500 858, 600

2,184, 000 744, 700533,140989, 850

1, 697, 0001, 045,450 6,124, 302

182, 700394.000 191, 336

8,036, 9906, 488,125

509,072,1302, 023,1081, 796,400

348, 4001,978, 930

8,498, 6266, 258, 600

842, 050 6,070, 045

39, 900 2,126, 7953, 791, 550

480, 839 248, 750

290.000 3,975, 5082, 221, 4703, 700, 216 2,377, 7501,825,150

876, 833 155, 080

54,612, 375 1, 696, 580

15,432, 851 657, 700

3,010, 065 4,415, 556 1,075, 654

346, 600iN ot estimated by Census Bureau. 2 Estimate as of July 1, 1926. 3 state census, Jan. 1, 1925.


FOR R EPAIRS, A N D FAM ILIES PR O V ID E D FOR, IN 302 CITIES IN 1927 Continued




NumberRatioper

10,000

For new buildings


TotalRank

ofcity


Louisville, K y ........ ................ 320,100 1, 574 49.2 $67, 61 $5.31 $72. 92 74 $29. 53Lowell, Mass ____________ 3110, 296 79 7.2 5.61 3.19 8. 80 279 3.09Lynchburg, Va __________ 38, 600 89 23.1 33.40 6. 21 39. 60 177 9.44Lynn, Mass________________ 104,800 528 50.4 29.16 7.84 37. 00 190 18. 96

McKeesport, Pa_____ _____ 49, 900 246 49.3 37. 04 10.18 47. 22 153 30.31Macon, Ga_________________ 60,100 352 58.6 42. 34 5. 68 48. 02 149 20.58Madison, W is______________ 48,800 489 100.2 83. 56 7. 87 91. 43 49 52. 02Malden, Mass ____________ 52,900 415 78.4 60. 37 11.47 71. 84 77 38. 38Manchester, N. II - ______ 84, 800 165 19.5 18.81 4. 06 22. 88 246 8. 55Mansfield, Ohio _________Marion, Ind ________

2 32, 500 0)

2 33, 400 51, 300

15777

48.3 47. 91 6. 85 -4. 76 126 22. 55

Marion, Ohio ____________ 128 38.3 15. 47 1. 23 16. 70 263 11. 28Medford, Mass..... .................. 628 122. 4 78. 68 6. 52 85. 20 53 63. 82Memphis, Tenn___________ 178, 900 1,865 104.2 60. 70 8. 63 69. 33 81 32. 79Meriden, Conn. __________ 36, 800 211 57.3 31.87 3. 90 35. 77 196 22.24Miami, Fla ________ _____ 140, 000

536, 400698 49.9 58. 99 9.16 68.14 84 10. 71

Milwaukee, Wis _________ 4, 252 79.3 63. 41 6. 96 70. 37 80 33. 81Minneapolis, M inn____ __ 447, 700 2,189 48.9 43. 53 6. 57 50.10 140 19. 03Mobile, Ala_____________ 67, 700 387 57.2 28. 69 3.01 31.70 219 14.19Moline, 111_________________ 35,100 158 45.0 27. 95 5. 38 33. 33 208 20. 94Montclair, N. J ___ ______ 2 33, 700 334 99. 1 139. 90 21. 71 161.61 17 107.48Montgomery, A la__________ 47, 600 393 82.6 37. 33 15.85 53.18 132 17.23Mount Vernon, N. Y _ _ ___ 53, 300 2, 211 414.8 292. 99 21. 74 314. 74 5 222.11Muncie, Ind___ __ ___ _ 45,800 317 69.2 58. 88 7. 47 66.35 90 24.46Muskegon, Mich_____ ______ 45, 500 119 26.2 19. 32 4. 39 23. 71 241 7. 35Muskogee, Okla _____ __ 32, 900 92 28.0 24. 29 1.32 25. 61 238 6.82

Nashville, Tenn_____ ____ 137, 800 654 47.5 46. 88 4. 48 51. 36 136 12. 87Newark, N. J____ _________ 466, 700 5,144 110. 2 100. 80 9.44 110. 25 35 55. 88Newark, Ohio_____~ - ___ 2 30, 600 66 21.6 20. 34 1.03 21.37 251 7. 21New Bedford, Mass____ __ s 119,539 151 12.6 13. 62 4.51 18.12 260 7.18New Britain, Conn________ 71, 200 537 75.4 48. 35 9. 29 57. 64 115 30. 67New Brunswick, N. J______ 39, 900 195 48.9 54. 06 17. 09 71.15 78 18. 66Newburgh, N. Y _______. . . 30,400 90 29.6 39. 77 10.15 49. 92 141 17. 54New Castle, Pa____________ 51, 600 182 35.3 52. 86 6. 00 58. 87 109 19.18New Haven, Conn. ____ 184, 900 497 26.9 58. 25 5. 25 63. 50 95 9.18New London, Conn._ . . . __ 2 29, 700 175 58.9 47. 88 12. 78 60. 66 102 35. 20New Orleans, La___________Newport, K y

424, 400 0)

2,077 44

48.9 32. 60 4. 86 37. 46 189 14.43

Newport, R. I ____________ 3 27, 757 37 13. 3 28. 60 4. 05 32. 65 213 14.19Newport News, V a___ ____ 51, 700 55 10. 6 8. 66 1.94 10. 60 276 3. 70New Rochelle, N . Y___ . . . 47, 300 1,049 221.8 191. 22 14.61 205. 83 7 169. 92Newton, Mass_______ _____ 56,000 734 131.1 165. 02 16. 03 181. 05 10 115. 86New York, N. Y ___________ 5, 970, 800 105, 519 176.7 137. 32 10.12 147. 44 22 85. 26Niagara Falls, N . Y ________ 66, 600 397 59.6 57. 67 14. 27 71.94 76 30. 38Norfolk, V a_.______________ 179, 200 496 27.7 15. 44 3. 24 18. 68 258 10. 02Norristown, Pa____________ 35, 800 66 18.4 34. 28 16.73 51.01 137 9. 73Norwalk, Conn____________ 2 30,100 285 94.7 106. 34 13. CO 119. 34 30 65. 75

Oakland, Calif_____ _______ 267, 300 2,694 100.8 68. 38 8.38 76. 76 68 31.79Oak Park, 111______________ 55, 600 918 165.1 158. 49 4. 84 163. 32 15 112. 56Ogden, Utah_______________ 38, 300 200 52.2 27. 38 11.74 39.12 181 21.99Oklahoma City, Okla . . . Okmulgee, Okla

6 104, 080 0)

1, 752 16

168.3 115. 63 6. 23 121.85 28 58. 32

Omaha, Nebr______________ 219, 200 477 21.8 17.41 3. 43 20.84 254 9.70Orange, N .J ____ ______ ___ 36,100 722 200.0 133. 47 21.14 154. 61 20 105.03Oshkosh, W is _____________ 33, 200 162 48.8 43.11 1.89 45.00 159 14.48Ottumwa, Iowa...... ................ 2 27,400 38 13.9 19. 00 2.17 21.16 252 9.08

Paducah, K y ____________ 2 26,100 136 52.1 12. 72 .92 13. 64 272 11.11Pasadena, C alif.________ __ 60, 500 790 130.6 128. 36 19.83 148.19 21 65. 71Passaic, N. J. ............. ... ....... 70, 800 467 66.0 58.06 21.08 79.14 64 31. 38Paterson, N. J_____________ 143, 800 1,167 81.2 37. 34 6.96 44.30 163 25. 73Pawtucket, R. I _____ _____ 72,100 581 80.6 43. 51 6. 24 49. 75 142 32.98Peoria, 111__________________ 83,* 500 349 41.8 35.16 5. 67 40. 83 170 21.86Perth Amboy, N. J_. ____ 49,100 192 39.1 26. 98 7.07 34. 05 202 17.86Petersburg, Va____________ 37,100 44 11.9 4.43 3.10 7. 53 282 4.18Philadelphia, Pa___________ 2, 035, 900 12,197 59.9 50. 63 7.12 57. 76 113 26. 82Phoenix, Ariz______________ 2 42,100 614 145.8 126. 96 7.12 134. 09 25 40.30Pittsburgh, Pa_____________ 665, 500 2,588 38.9 43. 96 11.80 55. 76 124 23.19Pittsfield, Mass____________ 49,100 118 24.0 22. 56 11.06 33. 62 205 13.40Plainfield, N. J____________ 2 32, 500 507 156.0 137.16 18.10 155. 26 18 92. 62Pontiac, Mieh_____________ 54, 000 1,069 198.0 319.15 6. 00 325.15 4 81.77Port Arthur, Tex__________ 2 33, 000 508 153.9 46. 20 6. 26 52.47 134 32.60Port Huron, M ich .. _____ 2 30, 700 104 33.9 15. 90 11.43 27.33 1 230 11.29

< Data not collected. 0 Estimate as of July 1, 1924.1 0 8 6 5 2 2 8 ---------2


14 BUILDING PERMITS IN THE PRINCIPAL CITIES IN 1927T a b l e 5 . T O T A L A N D P E R C APITA E X P E N D IT U R E S FOR N E W BUILD ING S A N D

City and StateExpenditure

for new buildings,

1927


and additions, 1927

Total expenditures

1927 1926

Expenditure for new


1927

Portland, M e _ ........Portland, Oreg..........Portsmouth, Ohio_Portsmouth, V a-------Poughkeepsie, N. Y_Providence, R. I .......Pueblo, Colo..............

Quincy, HI___Quincy, Mass.

Racine, W is.........Reading, Pa-------Revere, Mass-----Richmond, Ind... Richmond, Va_.Roanoke, V a------Rochester, N. Y_.Rockford, 111------Rock Island, HI-.

Sacramento, Calif-------Saginaw, M ich-----------St. Joseph, M o-----------St. Louis, M o ...............St. Paul, M inn-----------St. Petersburg, FlaSalem, Mass---------------Salt Lake City, Utah..San Antonio, Tex-------San Diego, Calif---------San Francisco, Calif.San Jose, Calif..............Savannah, Ga________Schenectady, N. Y -----Scranton, Pa--------------Seattle, Wash-------------Sheboygan, W is._.......Shreveport, L a.........Sioux City, Iowa--------Sioux Falls, S. DakSomerville, Mass--------South Bend, Ind--------Spokane, Wash_______Springfield, 111------------Springfield, Mass-------Springfield, Ohio--------Stamford, Conn---------Steubenville, Ohio------Stockton, Calif-----------Superior, Wis-------------Syracuse, N. Y .............

Tacoma, Wash___Tampa, Fla...........Taunton, Mass___Terre Haute, Ind..Toledo, Ohio_____Topeka, Kans____Trenton, N. J____Troy, N. Y _______Tucson, Ariz_____Tulsa, Okla______

Union City, N. J_. Utica, N. Y ______

Vallejo, Calif.

Waco, T ex ..............Waltham, Mass___Warren, Ohio_____Washington, D. C_. Water bury, Conn.. Waterloo, Iowa____

$1,715,012 26,004,805 1,437,935

310, 807 911,027

19, 269,904 1,341,337

1,002,878 4,804,962

5,933,903 3, 676,125 1,383,695 1, 622,764

13,398,171 2,402, 573

20,334,932 5,909. 617 1,600,355

862, 792 298, 552 624,126 090,145 520, 567 352,000 366, 225 265,025349.149 670,164 748,676120.150 021,130 699,395 030,065 737, 240 703,622 220,498 682,400 906, 505 965,423 663, 378 091, 282 390,083 198, 764 533,820 425,071 801, 710 528,413 107, 536 918, 302

4,188,913 5,324,185

788,198 903, 872

13, 209, 215 1,916, 540 3, 742, 729 2, 708, 019 2,050, 875

14,317, 221

1,716,000 2,899,995

423, 679

1,321,456 2,046, 795 1,333, 289

34, 735, 831 4,787,288

931, 651

$611, 771 2,968,650

147,072 152, 578 236,640

3, 862,915 284,145

70,443 426,910

457,268 937,942 218,425 203,375

1, 818,032 181,423

2,254,486 643,806 399,535

951,419 312,231 144,772

6,327,076 1, 550,649

555, 500 360,855 590, 820 841,131

1, 206,9894, 700,000

434,280 158,920 618,875 677,050

3, 332,840 468,318 725,872 185,175 136,000 420,427 225,282 565, 218 380, 220

1,707,055 160,107 617, 645 54, 725

274,934 169,483

2,072, 069

575, 815 821, 016 267, 801 308, 899

2,304, 495 305, 656 796,903 498, 038 271, 675 474, 633

1,693, 526 481,110

69,219

252,185 171,130 92,185

4,527, 646 228,350 220,330

$2,326, 783 28,973,455 1, 585,007

463,385 1,147, 667

23,132, 819 1, 625,382

1,073,321 5,231, 872

6,391,171 4, 614,067 1. 602,1201, 826,139

15, 216, 2032, 583,996

22, 589,4186, 553,423 1,999, 890

8,814,211 3,610,783

768, 898 41,417, 221 10,071,216 2,907, 500 2,727,080 4,855,845

12,190, 280 13,877,153 46,448,6763, 554,430 2,180,0504, 318, 2705, 707,115

29,070,0802,171,940 3,946, 370 1, 867, 5752.042, 505 3,385, 850 4,888, 660 3,656, 500 3, 770, 303 8,905,819 1, 693,9276.042, 716 1,856,435 2,803, 347 1, 277, 019

21,990, 371

4,764, 728 6,145, 201 1,055,999 1,212, 771

15, 513, 710 2,222,196 4,539, 632 3, 206, 057 2,322, 550

14, 791, 854

3,409, 526 3,381,105

492,898

1, 573, 641 2,217,925 1.425,474

39,263,477 5,015, 638 1,151,971

$4, 222,053 32, 588,975 1,952,701

557,399 2,196,032

23,188,000 1,246,041

1,327- 618 6,230,206

4,066,925 5,266, 725 1,663, 297 1,345, 553

10,024, 8744, 568,044

21, 636, 6915, 539,334 1,184,252

7, 699,373 3,084, 715 1,342, 270

42, 738, 760 15, 591,288 15,002,350 2,110,175 5, 627,394

12,072,099 19,830,938 57,153,9484, 379,035 2,930,711 4,009,975 3,141,047

34, 217,700 2, 717,9455, 356, 803 4, 265, 5561.931, 614 5,065,991 9, 752,934 4,190, 9734, 251, 3418, 733, 706 1,446,818 4,445,183 1,363,3002, 731,134 2,135, 529

14, 274,136

11,087,867 15,480, 241

871, 825 2,063,971

13,046,3653, 578, 8654.931, 251 2, 601, 8321, 796,236 7,229, 869

1,932,736 5,531,655

(4)1,094, 5252, 812, 605 2,384, 200

64.970,4485, 252, 265 1,383,910

$990,050 12,654,360

737,945 235.425518.400

7, 204,4001, 016, 675

774,050 3, 684,300

2, 863, 853 1,407, 700

985.400 837, 870

7,917,843 1, 664, 511

10, 207,245 3,173,200

740, 275

3, 618, 858 955,800 261, 734

16,115, 335 5,786, 574 1,155, 500 1, 334,0003, 244, 560 6,446, 7198, 097,820

28, 964, 5441, 273, 970 1,434,000 2,114,150 1,176,800

15, 754,625 1,037, 200 1,456, 376

833, 500 752, 000

1, 681,4202, 725, 5002.045, 950 1, 649,9104, 367, 650

893,7503,136,100

951, 600 1,478, 600

280, 7509, 542,300

2.157, 590 1,921, 895

347,405 555, 025

7, 205, 375 1,169,900 1, 775, 650

664, 7501, 653, 2755, 756, 775

1.045, 500 1,545,600

106,950

558, 575 1,406,250 1,121,959

21,963,3952, 849, 500

526,900iN ot estimated b y Census Bureau. 3 Estimate as o f July 1, 1926.


INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 15POE REPAIRS, AND FAMILIES PROVIDED FOR, IN 302 CITIES IN 1927 Ccmtinued



N u m b e rRatioper

10,000

For n e w build* ings


TotalE a h k

ofcity


216 27.9 $22.13 $7.89 $30.02 226 $12.773,166 224 55.3 35.50 3.63 39.14 179 18.2279 13.0 5.12 2.51 7.63 281 3.8887 24.2 25.38 6.59 31.97 217 14.44

1,188 42.3 68.67 13.77 82.44 56 26.67401 90.9 30.42 6.44 36.86 191 23.05

181 45.8 25.39 1.78 27.17 231 19.60926 141.8 73.58 6.54 80.12 60 56.42

609 85.4 83.22 6.41 89. 64 50 40.17233 20.3 32.11 8.19 40.30 172 12.29241 68.5 39.31 6.21 45. 51 157 27.99228 73.5 52.35 6.56 58.91 108 27.03

1,774 92.5 69.85 9.48 79.33 63 41.28395 62.5 38.02 2.87 40.89 169 26.34

2,448 75.4 62.67 6.95 69. 61 82 31.46926 114.5 73.05 7.96 81. 01 58 39.22208 49.6 38.19 9.54 47.73 150 17.67

959 128.6 105.40 12.75 118.15 32 48.51347 46.6 44.34 4.20 48.53 147 12.85107 13.6 7.95 1.84 9.79 277 3.33

5,463 65.1 41.81 7.54 49.35 143 19.201,148 45.9 34.07 6.20 40. 27 173 23.14442 91.1 48.49 11.45 59.95 106 23. 82218 50.8 55.16 8.41 63. 57 94 31.10850 62.6 31.43 4.35 35.78 195 23.91

2,171 102.7 53. 69 3.98 57. 66 114 30. 502,613 8,674

226.6 109.89 10.47 120. 36 29 70.23150.6 72.48 8.16 80.64 59 50.29

385 85.9 69. 65 9.69 79. 34 62 28.44401 40.2 20.27 1.59 21.87 250 14. 38349 37.4 39. 69 6.64 46. 33 155 22. 68280 19.5 34.96 4.71 39.66 176 8.18

4, 505 204

120.0 68. 58 8.88 77.46 65 41. 9860.0 50.11 13.77 63.88 93 30.51

198 25.4 41.29 9.31 50. 59 139 18. 67267 33.8 21. 30 2.34 23. 64 243 10. 55151 48.4 61.11 4.36 65.46 91 24.10399 39.3 29.19 4.14 33. 33 209 16. 55540 64.1 55.38 2.68 58.06 112 32.37595 54.6 28. 36 5.19 33. 55 206 18. 77354 53.3 51. 06 5.73 56. 78 119 24.85

1,240285

84.1 48.84 11. 58 60.42 103 29. 6339.8 21.42 2.24 23. 66 242 12.48

559 130.6 126.75 14.43 141.18 23 73.27171 52.5 55. 27 1.68 56.95 118 29.19412 82.7 50. 77 5. 52 56.29 122 29.6984

1,838 93.3 101.11 10.52 111. 63 34 48.44

769 71.7 39.08 5.37 44.45 161 20.13826 76.6 49.39 7.62 57.01 117 17.8391 22.6 19.61 6.66 26.27 235 8.64184 25.3 12.43 4.25 16.68 264 7.63

1,749 57.3 43.25 7.55 50.80 138 23.59320 51.7 30.96 4.94 35.90 194 18.90316 23.1 27.38 5.83 33.21 210 12.99110 15.2 37.46 6.89 44.34 162 9.19535 19.5 74.58 9.88 84.46 55 60.12

1,434 95.6 95.45 3.16 98.61 43 38.38

255 39.8 36.81 26.46 53.27 131 16.34259 25.0 28.05 4.65 32.70 212 14.95

26

171 37.4 28.91 5. 52 34.43 200 12.22285 78.3 56.23 4.70 60.93 99 38.63321 88.9 36.93 2. 55 39.49 178 31.08

3,938 72.9 64.33 8.38 72.71 75 40.67675144 38.9 25.18 5.95 31.13 220 14.24

Portland, M o________Portland, Oreg_______Portsmouth, Ohio____Portsmouth, Va______Poughkeepsie, N. Y__.Providence, R. I ______Pueblo, Colo.................

Quincy, H L --...........Quincy, Mass..............

Racine, Wis......... .........Reading, Pa---------------Revere, Mass-------------Richmond, In d______Richmond, V a_______Roanoke, Va_________Rochester, N. Y ---------Rockford, 111_________Rock Island, 111...........

Sacramento, Calif........Saginaw, M ich_______St. Joseph, M o_______St. Louis, M o-------------St. Paul, Minn-----------St. Petersburg, FlaSalem, Mass--------------Salt Lake City, Utah-San Antonio, Tex-------San Diego, Calif---------San Francisco, CalifSan Jose, Calif-----------Savannah, Ga------------Schenectady, N . Y Scranton, Pa--------------Seattle, Wash________Sheboygan, Wis---------Shreveport, La....... .Sioux City, Iowa--------Sioux Falls, S. D akSomerville, Mass--------South Bend, Ind--------Spokane, Wash----------Springfield, 111------------Springfield, Mass-------Springfield, Ohio--------Stamford, Conn______Steubenville, Ohio-----Stockton, Calif..........Superior, W is-------------Syracuse, N. Y ----------

Tacoma, W ash............Tampa, F la.................Taunton, Mass______Terre Haute, Ind -------Toledo, Ohio.............. .Topeka, Kans________Trenton, N .J__.........Troy, N. Y ............... .Tucson, Ariz___...........Tulsa, Okla__________

Union City, N. J-------Utica, N. Y ...................

Vallejo, Calif.................

Waco, Tex_.................Waltham, Mass______Warren, Ohio...... .........Washington, D. C ___Waterbury, Conn____Waterloo, Iowa............

*Data not collected,

77.500 (940.50060.70035.900 280, 60044,100

39, 50065.300

71.300 114,50035.200

* 31,000191.800 63, 200

324, 50080.90041.900

74,60074.400 78, 500839, 200 250,100 48, 50042.900 135,700211.400 115, 300576.00044.80099.700 93, 200143,900375.300 2 34,00078.00079.000

2 31,200 101, 60084, 200109.00066.400147.40071, 60042.800

2 32,60049.800 0197.000

107.200107.800 40,20072, 700305.40061.900 136, 70072, 300

2 27, 500150.000

64.000103.400

0)

45.70036.400

2 36,100540.000 0)37.000


16 BUILDING PERMITS IN THE PRINCIPAL CITIES IN 1927T a b l e S . T O T A L A N D P E R C A P IT A E X P E N D IT U R E S FOR N EW BU ILD IN G S A N D

City .and StateExpenditure

for new buildings,

1927


and additions, 1927

Total expendituresExpenditure

for new housekeeping

dwellings, 19271927 1926

Watertown, M ass.................... $4,231,130 $50,100 $4,281,230 $5,767, 640 $3, 628, 700Watertown, N. Y ____________ 350,470 405, 734 756, 204 621, 539 255, 550West New York, N. J _______ 1,494,050 191,243 1,685,293 2,925,470 915,000Wheeling, W . Va____________ 2,489,351 524, 780 3,014,131 1,821, 213 945,678White Plains, N . Y ______ 9,461,316 664,476 10,125,792 14,151,943 7,281, 750Wichita, Kans------ ---------------- 5,357, 521 491, 421 5,848,942 5,184,105 3,044, 535Wichita Falls, Tex___________ 3,813, 631 237,056 4,050,687 10,022,263 2,150,134Wilkes-Barre, Pa______ ____ . 4,228,216 706,123 4,934, 339 3,940, 685 1,055, 777Wilkinsburg, Pa_____________ 1,817,990 114,400 1,932, 390 3,100, 326 976,400Williamsport, Pa____________ 2,311,165 421, 530 2,732, 695 (4) 842,650Wilmington, D el____________ 5,817,126 988, 774 6,805, 900 4,871:, 281 2,397,205WTilmington, N. C __________ 422, 87o 129, 250 552,125 1,088,050 202,800Winston-Salem, N . C________ 6,012, 242 526,945 6, 539,187 5, 530, 843 3, 755, 966Woonsocket, R . I__________ - 1,014, 254 345,925 1,360,179 3,338,621 591,600Worcester, Mass____________ 6,781,879 2,032, 790 8,814,669 12,985,014 4,252,150

Yonkers, N. Y ______________ 31,396, 529 1,189,359 32,585,888 25,644,124 25,913,285York, Pa________ ___________ 1,133,492 455,362 1,588,854 1, 242,000 380, 500Youngstown, Ohio___________ 8, 781,460 225,700 9,007,160 9,613, 550 5,438,700

Zanesville, Ohio __________ 989,962 31,138 1,021,100 986,427 446, 206

Total__________________ 3,240,441,134 353,398,271 3, 593,839,405 3,983,442,022 1,860,437,041

iN ot estimated by Census Bureau, a Estimate as of July 1,1920,


INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 17FO B REPA IR S, A N D FAM ILIES PR O V ID E D FOR, IN 302 CITIES IN 1927 Continued

Estimated


City and State population July 1,1927

NumberRatio

per10,000

Fornew buildings


TotalRank

ofcity


Watertown, Mass__________ 2 26,400 33,400

759 287.5 $160.27 $1.90 $162.17 16 $137.45Watertown, N. Y __________ 50 15.0 10.49 12.15 22.64 247 7.65West New York, N. J______ 2 41,000 283 69.0 36.44 4.66 41.10 168 22.32Wheeling, W . Va 0)

2 28,700 96,1000)90,900

2 28,000 43,600

182White Plains, N . Y ...... ......... 1,204 419.5 329.66 23.15 352.82 2 253.72Wichita, Kans_____________ 988 102.8 55. 75 5.11 60.86 101 31.68Wichita Falls, T e x ________ 548Wilkes-Barre, Pa.................... 230 25.3 46. 52 7.77 54. 28 128 11.61Wilkinsburg, Pa___________ 166 59.3 64.93 4.09 69.01 83 34.87Williamsport, Pa___________ 233 53.4 53.01 9.67 62.68 98 19. 33Wilmington, Del___________ 126,400

38,400 77,100

1 52,300 195,500

118,800 49,600

366 29.0 46. 02 7.82 53.84 130 18.97Wilmington, N . C _________ 68 17.7 11.01 3.37 14. 38 269 5.28Winston-Salem, N. C ______ 923 119.7 77. 98 6.83 84.81 54 48. 72Woonsocket, R . I __________ 154 29.4 19. 39 6.61 26.01 236 11. 31Worcester, Mass___________ 795 40.7 34.69 10.40 45.09 158 21. 75

Yonkers, N. Y .................... 4,146102

349.0 264.28 10.01 274.29 6 218.13York, Pa__________________ 20.6 22. 85 9.18 32.03 216 7.67Youngstown, Ohio_________ 169,400

2 30,600

1,148' 67.8 51.84 1.33 53.17 133 32.11

Zanesville, Ohio...................... 111 36.3 32.35 1.02 33.37 207 14.58

Total............................... 43.919,581 418,878 95.4 73.78 8.05 81.83 42.36

4 Data not collected.


Expenditures for Building Operations in Representative Cities, 1921 to 1927

T HE total expenditure for new buildings was less in 1927 than for any year since 1923, according to permits issued in 257 cities of the United States having a population of 25,000 or over.

This fact is brought out in Table 6 below, which shows the estimated expenditure in these 257 identical cities for the years 1921 to1927 for residential buildings, nonresidential buildings, and total new buildings, the index numbers of such estimated expenditures, the number of families provided for, the ratio of families provided for to each 10,000 of population, the index number of families provided for, and the index number of families provided for weighted by population.

T a b l e 6 E ST IM A T E D E X P E N D IT U R E S A N D IN D E X N U M B E R OF E X P E N D IT U R E S FOR N E W R E S ID E N T IA L BUILDINGS, N O N R E S ID E N T IA L BUILD ING S, A N D T O T A L N E W B U ILD IN G S; ALSO FA M ILIES PR O V ID E D FOR A N D R ATIO OF FA M ILIES P R O V ID E D FOR TO EACH 10,000 OF PO PU LATIO N IN 257 ID E N T IC A L CITIES IN 1921 TO 1927, IN CLU SIVE

Residential buildings Nonresidential buildings Total new buildings

YearEstimated

expenditureIndex

numberEstimated

expenditureIndex

numberEstimated

expenditureIndex

number

1921_______ ____________ $937,352, 7391, 612, 352, 921 2,000,986,900 2,070, 276, 7722, 461, 546, 270 2, 255, 994, 627 1,906, 003, 260

100.0 $635, 775,199 876, 276, 713

1, 070, 596, 718 1,137, 631, 080 1,343, 880, 884 1, 300, 840, 876 1, 231, 785, 870

100. 0 $1, 573,127, 938 2,488, 629, 634 3, 071, 583, 618 3, 207, 907,852 3, 805,427,154 3, 556, 835, 503 3.137. 789. 130

100.01922____________________ 172.0 137. 8 158.21923____________________ 213.5 168.4 195. 31924_______ ___________ 220.9 178. 9 203.91925_____ ______________ 262.6 211.4 241.91926___________ ________ 240.7 204.6 226.11927_________ ____ _____ 203.3 193.7 199.5

Population Families provided for

Year As estimated by Census Bureau for

specified year

Indexnumber Number

Indexnumber

Ratio to each 10,000 of popula

tion

Index number weighted by popula

tion

1921__________ ____ ____ 36, 575,118 37,511,516 38,447, 913 39, 384, 311

100.0 224, 545 377,305

100.0 61.4 100.01922____________________ 102.6 168.0 100. 6 163.71923____ _____ _________ 105.1 453, 673

442,919 491, 222 462, 214 406, 095

202.0 118.0 192. 21924_____ ______ _______ 107. 7 197. 3 112.5 183. 21925___________ _____ 40, 320, 708

41, 257,106 42,058,897

110.2 218. 8 121.8 198.41 9 2 6 _____ ____________ 112.8 205.8 112.0 182.41927............. .................. 115.0 180.9 96.6 157.3

The permits issued in these 257 cities in 1921 showed an estimated expenditure for new buildings of $1,573,127,938. A peak of money expended for new building operations was reached in 1925, when the estimated expenditure was $3,805,427,154 or 141.9 per cent more than in 1921. A decrease in expenditure was shown by permits issued in 1926, and a still further decrease by those issued in 1927. Permits issued during 1927 indicate an estimated expenditure of

18


$3,137,789,130, which is 99.5 per cent more than the 1921 expenditure, but 17.6 per cent less than the indicated expenditure for the peak year, 1925.

The expenditure for residential buildings also reached a peak in 1925, when the expenditure for this class of building was 162.6 per cent more than in 1921. In 1927 the expenditure for residential building was 103.3 per cent more than in 1921; this is 22.6 per cent below the peak reached in 1925.

The estimated expenditures for nonresidential buildings did not climb as high as for residential buildings. The peak expenditure, reached in 1925, being 111.4 per cent more than in 1921. The 1927 expenditure for nonresidential buildings was 93.7 per cent greater than in 1921, but 8.3 per cent less than 1925.

The number of families provided for by homes in new buildings was 224,545 in 1921. In 1925 there were 491,222 families provided for; this number decreased to 406,095 in 1927. That is, in 1925 homes were provided in new buildings for 118.8 per cent more families than in 1921. In 1927 the number of families provided for was 80.9 per cent greater than in 1921; this was, however, 17.3 per cent fewer than in 1925.

The population of these 257 cities was 36,575,118 in 1921, according to the estimate of the Census Bureau as of July 1 of that year, and the ratio of families provided with dwelling accommodations in new buildings was 61.4 families to each 10,000 of population. By1925 this ratio had increased to 121.8, but in 1927 sank to 96.6.

The last column shows the index number of families provided for as weighted by the population each year. It is obtained by dividing the index number of population into the index number of families provided for. That is, after taking care of the increase in population, 98.4 per cent more families were provided with dwelling places in new buildings in 1925 than in 1921, and 57.3 per cent more in 1927 than in 1921.

Average Estimated Cost of Dwellings per Family

T^ABLE 7 shows the average cost each year, 1921 to 1927, of dwelling accommodations per family in each of the different kinds of dwell

ings for which permits were issued in 257 identical cities from which reports were received every year. The table also shows index numbers of the cost of accommodations per family in each of the different kinds of dwellings.

The costs as stated in the following table are estimated costs, stated by the builder at the time of applying for his permit to build. They apply only to the cost of the building, the cost of the land not being included. There may be a profit or loss between the cost to the builder and the cost to the later home purchaser.

EXPENDITURES FOR BUILDING OPERATIONS 19


20 BUILDING PERMITS IN THE PRINCIPAL CITIES IN 1927T able 7.A V E R A G E COST OF D W E LLIN G S PER F A M IL Y IN 257 ID E N T IC A L C ITIE S

1921 TO 1927

Year

1921.1922.1923.1924.1925. 1926 1927.

Average cost of dwellings per family 1 in

One-familydwellings

$3,972 4,134 4,203 4,317 4, 618 4, 725 4,830

Two- family dwellings 3

$3, 762 3, 801 4,159 4,336 4,421 4,480 4,368

Multifamily dwellings 3

$4,019 3,880 4,001 4,418 4,289 4, 095 4,170

Allclasses of

dwellings

$3,947 4,005 4,127 4,352 4,464 4,422 4,449

Index numbers of cost of dwellings per family in

One-familydwellings

100.0 104.1 105.8 108.7 116.3 119.0 121.6

Two- family dwellings 2

100.0101.0110.6115.3117.5119.1116.1

Multifamily dwellings 3

100.096.599.6

109.9106.7101.9103.8

Allclasses of

dwellings

100.0101.5104.6 110.3 113.1 112.0112.7

1 Buildings only; see text above.2 Includes one-family and two-family dwellings with stores.8 Includes multifamily dwellings with stores.

According to the costs as stated on the permits issued in these 257 cities in 1921, the average expenditure for a one-family house that year was $3,972. There has been an increase in the estimated expenditure for this type of dwelling each year over the preceding year since that date. In 1927 the average expenditure for one-family residences was $4,830, which is 21.6 per cent more than the average expenditure in 1921.

The average expenditure for two-family dwellings also climbed steadily until a peak was reached in 1926. The per family expenditure for this kind of dwelling decreased, however, in 1927. In 1921 there was an average expenditure of $3,762 per family for two-family dwellings. By 1926 this average cost had increased to $4,480 where it was 1*9.1 per cent higher than in 1921. The average expenditure decreased to $4,368 in 1927, which was 16.1 per cent above the average cost of 1921.

The average per family expenditure for apartment houses has shown no steady trend. The average per family cost wTas $4,019 in 1921. In 1922 a low point of $3,880 was reached, then an increase for the next two years, a peak for the seven years of $4,418 being reached in 1924, two more years of declining expenditures in 1925 and 1926 and a small upturn in 1927. The average per family expenditure for dwelling units in apartment houses stood at $4,170 in 1927, which was only 3.8 per cent above the 1921 cost.

The above figures show the change from year to year in the amount expended per housing unit. The figures must not, however, be interpreted as showing the change in the cost of building a house each year on identical plans and specifications. Plans and specifications may change from year to year and cheaper or costlier houses built. The figures show only what was spent on the buildings constructed.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics collects monthly the wholesale prices of building material and from such figures computes index numbers. Retail prices as paid by builders are not available, but it is believed that the trend of retail prices follows closely the trend of wholesale prices.

The bure

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