Blue Gene Technology Seminar Ppt Presentation Way2project

7/30/2019 Blue Gene Technology Seminar Ppt Presentation Way2project

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By:

Shikha Mulley


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Introduction

The word "supercomputer" entered the mainstream lexicon in

1996 and 1997 when IBM's Deep Blue supercomputer

challenged the world chess champion in two tournaments

broadcast around the world.

Since then, IBM has been busy improving its supercomputer

technology and tackling much deeper problems.

Their latest project, code named Blue Gene, is poised to shatter

all records for computer and network performance.


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What is a Super Computer?

A supercomputer is a computer that is at the frontline of current

processing capacity, particularly speed of calculation.

Today, supercomputers are typically one-of-a-kind custom designs

produced by "traditional" companies such as Cray, IBM and Hewlett-

Packard, who had purchased many of the 1980s companies to gain

their experience.


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Why we need Super Computers?

Supercomputers are very useful in highly calculation-intensive

tasks such as

Problems involving quantum physics,

Weather forecasting, Climate research,

Molecular modeling (computing the structures and properties

of chemical compounds, biological macromolecules,

polymers, and crystals), Physical simulations (such as simulation of airplanes in wind

tunnels, simulation of the detonation of nuclear

weapons, and research into nuclear fusion).


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Also, they are useful for a particular class of problems, known

as Grand Challenge problems, full solution for such problems

require semi-infinite computing resources.

Why we need Super Computers?


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NASAs Linux-based Super Computer


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Why Supercomputers are Fast

Several elements of a supercomputer contribute to its high level

of performance:

Numerous high-performance processors (CPUs) for parallel processing

Specially-designed high-speed internal networks

Specially-designed or tuned operating systems


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What is Blue gene?

Blue Gene is a computer architecture project designed to

produce several supercomputers that are designed to reach

operating speeds in the PFLOPS (petaFLOPS = 1015) range, and

currently reaching sustained speeds of nearly 500 TFLOPS

(teraFLOPS = 1012).

It is a cooperative project among IBM(particularly IBM

Rochester and the Thomas J. Watson Research Center),

the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the United StatesDepartment of Energy (which is partially funding the project),

and academia.

* Computer architecture is the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system.

* FLOPS (or flops or flop/s) is an acronym meaning FLoating point Operations Per Second.


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Why Blue Gene?

Blue Gene is an IBM Research project dedicated to exploring the

frontiers in supercomputing:

- in computer architecture,

- in the software required to program and control massively parallel

systems, and

- in the use of computation to advance the understanding of important

biological processes such as protein folding.

Learning more about biomolecular mechanisms is expected togive medical researchers better understanding of diseases, as

well as potential cures.


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Why the name Blue gene?

Blue - The corporate color of IBM

Gene - The intended use of the Blue Gene clusters was for

Computational biology.


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There are four Blue Gene projects in development:

- Blue Gene/L,

- Blue Gene/C,

- Blue Gene/P, and- Blue Gene/Q.

Blue Gene Projects


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Blue Gene/L

The first computer in the Blue Gene series, is Blue Gene/L.

It is developed through a partnership with Lawrence Livermore

National Laboratory (LLNL).

The term Blue Gene/L sometimes refers to the computer

installed at LLNL; and sometimes refers to the architecture of

that computer.

As of November 2006, there are 27 computers on the Top500 list

using the Blue Gene/L architecture.


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Blue Gene/L Super Computer


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History of Blue gene/L

In December 1999, IBM announced a $100 million researchinitiative for a five-year effort to build a massively parallel

computer, to be applied to the study of biomolecular

phenomena.

The project has two main goals:

- to advance understanding of the biomolecular

mechanisms via large-scale simulation, and

- to explore novel ideas in massively parallel machinearchitecture and software

* Parallel computing is a form of computation in which many calculations are carried out

simultaneously,


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In November 2001, Lawrence Livermore National

Laboratory joined IBM as a research partner for Blue Gene.

Blue Gene/L is also the first supercomputer ever to run over

100 TFLOPS sustained on a real world application.

This achievement won the 2005 Gordon Bell Prize.

In November 2007, the LLNL Blue Gene/L remained at thenumber one spot as the world's fastest supercomputer.

History of Blue gene/L


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16

2.8/5.6 GF/s

2 processors

2 chips

5.6/11.2 GF/s

1.0 GB

32 chips

16 compute, 0-2 IO cards

90/180 GF/s

16 GB

32 node cards

1,024 chips

2.8/5.6 TF/s

512 GB

64 Racks

65,536 chips

180/360 TF/s32 TB

Rack

System

Node card

Compute node

Chip

Blue Gene/L Overview

Scalable from 1 rack to 64 racks

Rack has 2048 processors with 512 MB or 1GB DRAM/node

November 2006 Top500 List www.top500.org

2 in Top10 (#1 and #3)9 in Top3016 in Top10027 overall in Top150


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Blue Gene/L Architecture

Each compute node has two 700MHz PowerPC 440 embedded

processors

Each of the dual processors on the compute node has two

"floating point units (FPU)," engines for performing

mathematical calculations.

The dual FPUs give each Blue Gene/L node a theoretical peak

performance of 5.6GFLOPS (gigaFLOPS).


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Blue Gene/L Architecture

Compute nodes are packaged two per compute card, with 16

compute cards plus up to 2 I/O nodes per node board.

There are 32 node boards per cabinet/rack.

By integration of all essential sub-systems on a single chip, each

Compute or I/O node dissipates low power (about 17 watts,

including DRAMs).


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One Blue Gene/L nodeboard


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Blue Gene/C (Cyclops64)

Blue Gene/C (now renamed to Cyclops64) is a sister-project to

Blue Gene/L.

It is a massively parallel, supercomputer-on-a-chip cellular

architecture.

The Cyclops64 project aims to create the first "supercomputer on

a chip".


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Blue Gene/C (Cyclops64)

Cyclops64 exposes much of the underlying hardware to the

programmer, allowing the programmer to write very high

performance, finely tuned software.

One negative consequence is that efficiently programming

Cyclops64 is difficult.

The theoretical peak performance of a Cyclops64 chip is

80 gigaflops


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Blue Gene/P

On June 26, 2007, IBM unveiled Blue Gene/P, the second

generation of the Blue Gene supercomputer.

Designed to run continuously at 1PFLOPS (petaFLOPS), it can be

configured to reach speeds in excess of 3 PFLOPS.

It is at least seven times more energy efficient than any other

supercomputer, accomplished by using many small, low-power

chips connected through five specialized networks.


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Blue Gene/P Architecture

Four 850 MHz PowerPC 450 processors are integrated on each

Blue Gene/P chip.

The 1-PFLOPS Blue Gene/P configuration is a 294,912-processor,

72-rack system harnessed to a high-speed, optical network.

Blue Gene/P can be scaled to an 884,736-processor, 216-rack

cluster to achieve 3-PFLOPS performance.

A standard Blue Gene/P configuration will house 4,096

processors per rack.


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Blue Gene/Q

The last known supercomputer design in the Blue Gene

series, Blue Gene/Qis aimed to reach 20 Petaflops in the 2011

time frame.

It will continue to expand and enhance the Blue Gene/L and /P

architectures with higher frequency at much improved

performance per watt.


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Conclusion

President Obama recognized IBM and its Blue Gene family of

supercomputers with the National Medal of Technology and

Innovation.

The influence of the Blue Gene supercomputer's energy-efficient

design and computing model can be seen today across the

Information Technology industry.

Today, 18 of the top 20 most energy efficient supercomputers in

the world are built on IBM high performance computing

technology.


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Conclusion

Blue Gene has some unusual features, but IBM has tried as much

as possible to anchor the system to more mainstream

technology.

Blue Gene would influence the way in which mainstream

computers of the future are built.

Staying on the beaten path is the best way to take advantage of

technology that's improving fastest, and it also makes it easier to

create products out of the Blue Gene research.


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Thank U !!

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Blue Gene Technology Seminar Ppt Presentation Way2project