BLUE GREENWAY - SF Environment · 2017. 12. 7. · Blue Greenway Planning and Design Guidelines, developed by the Port of San Francisco (Port) in 2011. 1 . The focus of this guide

BLUE GREENWAY Restoration and Revegetation Guidelines for Contaminated and Impacted Areas

BLUE GREENWAY PLANNING AND DESIGN GUIDELINES

Summary of the Port’s Blue Greenway Planning and Design Guidelines

The Port’s 2011 guidelines provide planning and design guidance for revitalizing and developing open space along the Blue Greenway. The design guidelines are based on national recreation standards and practices relating to habitat, restoration, and preservation. The design guidelines provide information about:

• Designing elevations consistent with sea level rise projections.

• Treating stormwater.

• Providing waterfront viewing areas.

• Incorporating a minimum of a 15-foot-wide (20-foot preferred) multi-use trail where feasible, that can be incorporated into the San Francisco Bay Trail system.

• Integrating mechanical exercise equipment into circulation systems (trails/paths).

• Incorporating interpretive signage of waterfront and neighborhood history.

• Identifying sites for public art.

• Providing amenities for bicyclists.

Guide Preparation

This revegetation guide was created by AECOM for the City and County of San Francisco, Department of the Environment (SFE), with input and contribution from multiple stakeholders.

Funding support has been provided from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA; Award No. #BF-00T98101). This guidebook is part of the Bayview Hunters Point brownfields community-wide assessment.

Intended Audience

The intended audience for this guide includes public and private entities, community, and non-profit organizations with plans to redevelop or restore portions of the Blue Greenway, particularly along Yosemite Slough.

The Blue Greenway is a unifying identity for the San Francisco southeast.

Blue Greenway - ExistingPhoto by San Francisco Department of the Environment

Front Cover Image: Near Yosemite Slough. Photo by AECOM.

This restoration and revegetation guide is based on the Blue Greenway Planning and Design Guidelines, developed by the Port of San Francisco (Port) in 2011.1 The focus of this guide is on the restoration and revegetation of contaminated and impacted lands along the Blue Greenway. This guide can be applied to similar properties along the San Francisco Bay and beyond, however, the site history, land cover type, and plant list were developed with specific consideration to southeast San Francisco.

1 2011 Port of San Francisco Blue Greenway Planning and Design Guidelines. Available at: http://sfport.com/blue-greenway-project

Though this project has been funded, wholly or in part, by EPA, the contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of EPA.

San Francisco EnvironmentBlue Greenway Restoration and Revegetation Guide

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Purpose of Guide

This guide was prepared to provide stakeholders engaged in development and revitalization projects along the Blue Greenway - a waterfront open space corridor spanning the eastern shoreline of San Francisco, CA - detailed recommendations for the restoration and development of the natural shoreline vegetation communities, urban parks, and existing developed areas. These recommendations are designed to best benefit local communities, as well as plant and wildlife communities along the Blue Greenway. The Van Dyke Avenue Eastern Terminus site is adjacent to the Yosemite Slough, and is included in the reference to Yosemite Slough used herein. The Yosemite Slough is contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons and is a focus area for this guidebook.

PART I: INTRODUCTION, GOALS, AND HISTORY

Introduction and Goals - Project goals of the Blue Greenway and this revegetation guide, an overview of Yosemite Slough, and addressing contaminants.

Planting Goals - Planting objectives along the Blue Greenway, from improving wildlife habitat to stabilizing the San Francisco shoreline.

Site History Timeline - Background information on historic land use within the Yosemite Slough area and the Blue Greenway.

PART II: CURRENT CONDITIONS, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND PLANNED DEVELOPMENT

Current Conditions - A description of the diverse mosaic of wetland and shoreline, upland, and urban communities that occur along the Blue Greenway.

Addressing Contamination - An overview of contamination along the Blue Greenway and provision of guidance for cleaning up contaminated sites.

Future: Climate Change and Sea Level Rise - Changing climate as it relates to the Blue Greenway, projected impacts, and climate adaptation.

Planned Development - An overview of development projects currently planned or underway along the Blue Greenway.

PART III: GUIDELINES

Revegetation Guidelines - General and detailed recommendations for the restoration and development of shoreline communities, urban parks, and existing developed areas.

PART IV: RESOURCES

Plant List - Recommended plant list, suggesting specific plant species to be used in revegetation efforts, based on habitat type, benefit, and tolerance to environmental conditions.

Guide Preparers - A description of guide preparers and stakeholder involvement.

Additional Resources - References for additional information for local plant sourcing, Phytophthora and plant pathogen resources, invasive plant information, and a link to the San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC)’s Shoreline Plants do-not-plant list.

How To Use This GuideSan Francisco Environment Blue Greenway Restoration and Revegetation Guide

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Table of Contents

PART I: INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION 5 Blue Greenway Project Overview and Goals 9 Yosemite Slough 10 Addressing Contamination 11 Planting Goals 12 SITE HISTORY 14

PART II: PRESENT AND FUTURECURRENT CONDITIONS 18 Plant Communities along the Blue Greenway 20

ADDRESSING CONTAMINATION 26THE FUTURE Climate Change and Sea Level Rise 30 Climate Adaptation 32

PLANNED REDEVELOPMENT 33

PART III: GUIDELINESGUIDELINES 35 General 38 Shoreline 44 Urban Parks 49 Developed Areas 52

PART IV: RESOURCESPLANTING LIST 56GUIDE PREPARERS 62ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 63

Photo by AECOM

PART I INTRODUCTION

OVERVIEW

BLUE GREENWAY PROJECT OVERVIEWYOSEMITE SLOUGHADDRESSING CONTAMINATIONPLANTING GOALS

SITE HISTORY

King

St

Evans

Ave

3Rd St

1St St

Jerro

ldAve

18Th St

4Th

St

Harrison St

16Th St

Mariposa

St Oakdale

Ave

2Nd

St

Gilman Ave

Palou Ave

The Emba rcad ero

Hunters Point Bl v d

Ingal ls St

Spear Ave

Fischer Ave

CesarChavez

Crisp

Rd

Townsend St

Galve

z Ave

Innes Ave

101

280

80

1

35

24

82

123

101

580

280

980880

Pacific OceanS a n

F r a n c i s c oB a y

SanFrancisco

Oakland

Berkeley

Pacifica

San Bruno

Richmond

Alameda

Daly City

South San Francisco

Albany

ElCerrito

Colma

Millbrae

Mill Valley

Map Location0 5

Mi

0 0.25 0.5Miles

°

1 inch = 1,750 feet

Blue Greenway AlignmentBlue Greenway 200-Ft Buffer

San Francisco Blue Greenway:Alignment Overview

Source: San Francisco Parks Aliance,2015; ESRI Imagery, 2016

DRAFT

YosemiteSlough


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King

St

Evans

Ave

3Rd St

1St St

Jerro

ldAve

18Th St

4Th

St

Harrison St

16Th St

Mariposa

St Oakdale

Ave

2Nd

St

Gilman Ave

Palou Ave

The Emba rcad ero

Hunters Point Bl v d

Ingal ls St

Spear Ave

Fischer Ave

CesarChavez

Crisp

Rd

Townsend St

Galve

z Ave

Innes Ave

101

280

80

1

35

24

82

123

101

580

280

980880

Pacific OceanS a n


SanFrancisco

Oakland

Berkeley

Pacifica

San Bruno

Richmond

Alameda

Daly City

South San Francisco

Albany

ElCerrito

Colma

Millbrae

Mill Valley

Map Location0 5

Mi

0 0.25 0.5Miles

°

1 inch = 1,750 feet


San Francisco Blue Greenway:Alignment Overview


DRAFT

YosemiteSlough

San Francisco Blue Greenway Alignment OverviewMap by AECOM

San Francisco Environment Blue Greenway Restoration and Revegetation Guide

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This guide was prepared to provide stakeholders who are

engaged in development and revitalization projects along

the Blue Greenway, and Yosemite Slough in particular,

with detailed recommendations for the restoration and

development of natural shoreline vegetation communities,

urban parks, and existing developed areas.

Photo by AECOM

The Blue Greenway Project Development and Shoreline Restoration

2 2012 San Francisco Parks Alliance Blue Greenway Brownfields Area-Wide Plan3 2016 San Francisco Parks Alliance4 2006 Task-Force Vision Statement

Overview and Goals

The Blue Greenway Project is a City of San Francisco (City)-sponsored long-term vision to convert San Francisco’s historically industrialized southeastern shoreline into a series of connected parks and open spaces. Once complete, it will be 13 miles long, extending from AT&T Park to Candlestick Point, including portions of sites such as Yosemite Slough, Hunter’s Point, India Basin, Islais Creek, and Agua Vista Park. The main goal is to convert sections of the shoreline; particularly brownfield sites—former industrial sites—into wildlife habitat, public parks, and open spaces.2 Efforts to restore and revitalize portions of the Blue Greenway are already underway.

The Blue Greenway will:

• Incorporate trails to contribute towards the long-term vision of completing the regional Bay Trail;

• Provide active transportation routes that connect employment centers of Mission Bay and downtown;3

• Create recreational opportunities and green infrastructure;

• Support environmental stewardship; and

• Become an advocate for waterfront access.4

Objectives of this guide are to:

• Improve Habitat and Habitat Connectivity;

• Remediate Contaminated Lands;

• Foster Community Stewardship;

• Create a Climate Resilient Landscape;

• Improve Public Access Experience;

• Protect Water Quality; and

• Stabilize Shoreline.

This guide serves as a companion to the following plans and guidelines: Port of San Francisco’s Blue Greenway - Planning and Design Guidelines, San Francisco Park’s Alliance Blue Greenway Brownfields Area-Wide Plan, San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission’s (BCDC) Shoreline Plants - a Landscape Guide for the San Francisco Bay, San Francisco Planning Department’s Green Connections Program, and the San Francisco Plant Finder (http://sfplantfinder.org), along with other guides and materials.

Blue Greenway Restoration and Revegetation Guide

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Yosemite Slough

This guide is targeted at restoring the Yosemite Slough and greater Blue Greenway area. There are two ongoing efforts to restore the ecology of Yosemite Slough. The California State Parks aims to restore the disturbed and pollution-burdened open spaces and shoreline of Yosemite Slough. The EPA Yosemite Slough Project is addressing contaminated slough sediments below the mean high-tide line.

Efforts at Yosemite Slough are part of the EPA’s commitment to restoring the health of San Francisco Bay. Since 2008, EPA’s San Francisco Bay Water Quality Improvement Fund has provided more than $44 million in competitive grants for 61 projects that are restoring water quality and wetlands, reducing polluted runoff, and greening development in San Francisco Bay and its watersheds. These grantees and their partners represent a network of more than 70 government agencies, resource conservation districts, land trusts, watershed groups, and non-profit organizations across the Bay Area’s nine counties. This network has leveraged EPA’s funds with an additional $153 million from partner agencies and organizations, resulting in more than $195 million invested in San Francisco Bay and its watersheds.5 EPA’s Brownfields program has also invested over $2million in Bay View Hunters Point to restore and revitalize properties along the Blue Greenway.

Yosemite SloughPhoto by AECOM

5 EPA funding and Yosemite Slough information: https://www.epa.gov


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Addressing Contamination

Industrial activities and related contamination have heavily impacted the shoreline. This guide is specifically intended for contamination/ impacted properties along the Blue Greenway and it can be applied to other, similar properties along the San Francisco Bay. Contaminated lands along the Blue Greenway range in severity from those with known risk to people and the environment, to properties where the impact from contamination is relatively low.

Clean up is currently underway at properties posing the greatest risk, such as the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, which is a federal Superfund site on the National Priority List. At Yosemite Slough, contamination is known to harm shoreline plants and animals. Restoration has occurred along the water’s edge, and planning is underway to clean up contaminated sediments in the Slough. 900 Innes is a brownfield property within India Basin with relatively low-risk contamination, and cleanup efforts are also underway at this site.

Brownfields are defined as underutilized, potentially contaminated properties. These properties may be contaminated from varying

sources, including industrial activities, gas stations, dry cleaners, pesticide use, asbestos, lead-based paint, and fuel storage tanks. These sources may have resulted in contamination from petroleum fuels prevalent in the upland area of Yosemite Slough, pesticides, heavy metals (such as lead and zinc), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and carbon tetrachloride.

Risks primarily arise when people accidentally ingest or come in direct contact with contaminated soils, dust, sediments, surface water, or groundwater. Another important risk comes from VOC gases evaporating from underground VOC-contaminated soil and groundwater. These VOC gases can migrate and accumulate inside buildings where they can be inhaled.6 The primary risks at Yosemite Slough are due to exposure of ecological receptors and their ability to bioaccumulate contaminants up the food chain.

6 Contaminant and risk information: http://yosemite.epa.gov/

A dumpsite along the Blue GreenwayPhoto by AECOM

Bird wading at Yosemite SloughPhoto by AECOM


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Foster Community and Stewardship

The long-term success of restoring the Blue Greenway will depend on participation by stewards, residents, and volunteers to maintain and protect restored areas. In addition, the Blue Greenway corridor historically has been an environmental justice site because of the proximity of residences to contaminated industrial and military lands.

Remediate Contaminated Lands

The remediation of contaminated lands is a crucial first step to making these areas usable and habitable by humans and wildlife alike. This document provides guidance for planting species that naturally remove pollutants and heavy metals from brownfield sites.

Create A More Resilient Landscape

Climate change and resulting sea level rise threaten flooding and degradation of both urban and natural communities. This document provides guidance for shoreline design and the restoration of specific habitat types to mitigate and minimize the effects of climate change.

The following planting goals are intended to restore and revitalize the Blue Greenway for human, plant, and wildlife communities.

Planting Goals

Improve Public Access Experience

Improvements of the interface of urban and natural areas along the Blue Greenway and San Francisco shoreline will drastically improve the visual aesthetic of the area, compared to existing conditions. The strategic placement of trails within the Blue Greenway corridor will allow the coexistence of thriving human, plant, and wildlife communities, in accordance with the “Recreation and Open Space Guidelines” set by the San Francisco General Plan, and with the Metropolitan Transportation Commission’s San Francisco Bike Plan.


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Improve Habitat and Habitat Connectivitiy

Because habitat along the Blue Greenway is fragmented and varies in quality from historic development along the San Francisco shoreline, improvements to habitat and habitat connectivity along the Blue Greenway are key to the recovery and resilience of native species, as well as threatened and endangered species in the San Francisco Bay Area. Connected habitat along the San Francisco shoreline provides an important corridor for bird, fish, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and marine mammal migration and foraging.

Protect Water Quality

This guide focuses on the engineering and design of urban and natural shorelines in a manner that will help to reduce or eliminate pollutants commonly found in urban runoff.7 This includes focusing on retention and infiltration of stormwater, reducing impervious surfaces along the Blue Greenway, and planting species along the shoreline that capture sediment and filter pollutants.

7 In accordance with the San Francisco Stormwater Management Requirements and Design Guidelines (March 2016)

Stabilize Shoreline

Planting along the San Francisco shoreline is a cost-effective method to minimize erosion, improve the visual aesthetic of the shoreline, and restore valuable habitat for wildlife. Incorporating natural revegetation and establishing wider vegetated benches to help disperse wave energy is recommended.


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Historic Land Use (Human Uses)

1867 18811868 1877 1929 1940s 19601929 19711946-1969Late 1800s

Hunters Point became the site of the first dry dock on the Pacific Coast.Hunters Point

Construction began on the California Sugar

Refinery, later named the Western Sugar

Refinery.Warm Water Cove

Until the late 1800s, Islais Creek is estimated to have provided up to 85 percent of the city’s drinking water. Portuguese, Italian, and Irish immigrants used what is now Bayview for farms and gardens. Islais Creek

The U.S. Navy expanded the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard on land formerly used by a shrimping camp.India Basin

The park was dedicated as open space, as mitigation for creation of the Port of San Francisco’s containerized shipping facility further south, at Islais Creek.Agua Vista Park

The Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory conducted early research into radioactive materials.Hunters Point

Mission CreekCalifornia’s

Tidelands Act is passed. Mission Bay begins to be

filled using debris from the densely populated South-of-Market district.

Islais CreekThe tidelands around Islais Creek became

home to “Butchertown,” as meat packing industries

were banned from the city center.

India BasinHunters Point Power plant opened along the shore of India Basin.

Hunters PointThe Hunters Point Shipyards were at their peak, building warships used in World War II.

Candlestick ParkCandlestick Park opened.

“For thousands of years, indigenous Ohlone lived as part of the native landscape” along what is now the Blue Greenway

(Blue Greenway 2017)

Yosemite Slough, 1920 Source: OpenSFHistory.com

Aerial photograph of Hunters Point. 1930 Source: San Francisco Public Library

Candlestick Park on opening day, April 12, 1960. Source: FoundSF.org

India Basin from west side of India Cove looking east. 1900. Source: Collection of Ruth Siemer

Burning of Shrimp Camp. Source: San Francisco Public Library

Site History and Timeline

Hunter’s Point, California Dry Dock, ca. 1867. Source: SF Public Library

Islais Creek emerging from Glen Canyon, 1890’s. Source: Greg Gaar Collection, courtesy of FoundSF.org


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1984 1989 1996 1997 2006 2010 2013 201719741971

The shipyard was closed.Hunters Point Shipyard

Phase 1 design and permitting begins for Mission Rock Park.Mission Rock Park

Islais CreekThe final slaughter house of “Butchertown” was closed.

Lennar Urban proposed and was selected to become master developer for the

former site of Candlestick Park. The combined Hunters Point Shipyard–Candlestick

Point Development encompassed 780 acres.

Hunters Point Shipyard–Candlestick Point

Development

See Part II for Planned Redevelopment Projects along the Blue Greenway.

Blue Greenway Redevelopment

San Francisco Shipyard Homes Lennar Urban began residential construction at Hunters Point Shipyard, and the first residents moved into San Francisco Shipyard Homes in 2014.

The Port of San Francisco, in partnership with Literacy for Environmental Justice, began working on creation of the park, regenerating wetlands and habitat, and providing an environmental education program to serve schools both locally in Bayview and beyond.Heron’s Head Park

Creation of park with Golden Gate Audubon as a public open space and wildlife habitat area.Heron’s Head Park

The Friends of Islais Creek group formed and took an active role in stewarding the channel as well as advocating for its regeneration.Islais Creek

Bayview Hunters Point Redevelopment Plan

The San Francisco Redevelopment Agency (now

the Office of Community Investment and Infrastructure)

adopted a plan for long-term community revitalization efforts.

In 1999, Lennar Urban was named master developer for the

Hunters Point Shipyard plan, a mixed-use redevelopment of the

former naval base.

Yosemite SloughThe first phase of

the Yosemite Slough Wetland Restoration

Project was completed, transforming

warehouses and contaminated soils to

tidal wetlands.

Opening of Heron’s Head Park EcoCenter with support from Literacy for Environmental Justice (LEJ) and local youth, the first 100% off-grid building in the City.Heron’s Head Park EcoCenter

Hunters PointThe U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency placed the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard on the National Priorities List,

a list of the most polluted sites in the country.

Hunters PointThe power plant was shut down by Pacific Gas

and Electric Company and

dismantling began.

Hunters Point Shoreline ParkShoreline Park, adjacent to former Pacific Gas and Electric Company Power Plant, opened along Blue Greenway alignment. The park connects Heron’s Head Park with India Basin Shoreline Park.

Crane Cove ParkSite preparation for the park is completed.

Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, 1942Source: San Francisco Public Library (via FoundSF.org)

Aerial View. Source: Bing MapsHeron’s Head Park EcoCenter. Source: Port of San Francisco

Aerial View 2017. Source: Google EarthAerial View 2011. Source: Google Earth

Filling Pier 98 in 1971. Source: Ed Brady


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Photo by AECOM

PART II PRESENT AND FUTURE

CURRENT CONDITIONSPLANT COMMUNITIES

ADDRESSING CONTAMINATION

THE FUTURE

PLANNED REDEVELOPMENT

San Francisco’s southeastern shoreline provides valuable feeding, nursing, and breeding habitats for many species of wildlife, despite the historic degradation of these sites and the existing industrialized setting. The coexistence of urban vegetation, native plants, cultivated plants, and weeds present a mosaic of open water and shoreline habitats for mammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and butterflies.

CURRENT CONDITIONS

01


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Infrastructure and Land Uses

i. The Blue Greenway historically was made up of tidal marshes and mudflats. Residential and industrial uses began in the 1850s and gradually filled in this habitat until 1972, when the current shoreline was established.

ii. In Yosemite Slough, wetlands were reduced significantly between 1900 and 1970, because of placement of fill and debris within the slough for residential, commercial, and industrial uses. The Yosemite Slough required remediation and California State Parks is currently conducting wetlands restoration.

01 Heron’s Head ParkPhoto by AECOM02 Mission Bay, Channel StreetPhoto by AECOM03 Mission BayPhoto by AECOM

02

03


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C a m e r o n

Way

T h o m a s

A v e

Wallace Ave S h a f t e r

A v e

Hawe s S t

Hawe s

S t

A r m s t r o n g

A v e

C a r r o l l

A ve

R e v e r e

A v e

Va n

D y ke

A v e

B a n c r o f t

A v e

Ingalls

St


Existing Habitat TypeRip-RapRubble ShorelineRuderal GrasslandSandy BeachTidal Marsh/MudflatUrban/Developed

Evans AveOakdale Ave

Thornton AveSan Bruno

Ave

Manse ll St

Cr isp R d

Dw ig ht St

Palou Ave

Innes Ave

Ingalls

St

3Rd

StBayshor eBl vd

101

280

SanFrancisco

Bay

South Basin

SanFrancisco

Brisbane

Map Location0 0.5Mi

0 200 400Feet

°

San Francisco Blue Greenway:Yosemite Slough Existing Habitat

LSA Associates, 2004; San Francisco ParksAliance, 2015; ESRI Imagery, 2016

Plant Communities along the Blue Greenway

Mudflat / Open Water

Tidal Marsh

Coastal Grassland / Non-native Grassland

Ruderal

Developed Areas

A

B

C

D

E

The Yosemite Slough area contains diverse habitat types, from newly restored tidal marsh to historic infrastructure and developed areas. Map by AECOM


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Wetland and Shoreline Communities

Tidal MarshTidal marshes consist of coastal wetland vegetation that are inundated with salt or brackish water (freshwater-saltwater mix) based on the tidal cycle. Tidal marsh occurs within bays and estuaries where shorelines are sheltered from surf and are situated at elevations between mean sea level and annual high tides. Less than 10 percent of the historic tidal marsh is estimated to remain in the San Francisco Bay.8 Once widespread along the Blue Greenway, tidal marsh now exists only in small, isolated, and low quality patches. Several threatened and endangered species occur in tidal marsh, including salt marsh harvest mouse, Ridgway’s rail, California black rail, California least tern, green sturgeon, and salmonids. Tidal marsh also provides habitat for numerous other terrestrial and aquatic common species, including marine mammals.

Mudflat and Open WaterOpen water describes all areas of the San Francisco Bay that are of low enough elevation (around mean sea level) to be devoid of vegetation, with the exception of sporadic eelgrass beds. Open water in the San Francisco Bay is influenced by both saltwater that enters the Bay via the Golden Gate and freshwater from the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta. Below the elevation where tidal marsh species can survive, the shoreline margin of the San Francisco Bay is mudflat habitat, which is exposed during low tides and inundated during high tides. Both mudflat and open water provide important foraging habitat for numerous common fish, birds, and marine mammals.

A

B

8 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2013. Recovery Plan for Tidal Marsh Ecosystems of Northern and Central California. Region 8, Sacramento, CA.

Mudflat. Photo by AECOM

Tidal Marsh. Photo by AECOM

Open Water. Photo by AECOM

Tidal marsh, mudflat and open water, and coastal beach and dune communities are the habitats that occur along the Blue Greenway shoreline.



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Other WetlandOther wetlands within the Blue Greenway generally are located within depressions that are ephemerally or seasonally ponded during the wet season for sufficient duration to support hydrophytic (water-loving) vegetation. Because of the developed and urban nature of the shoreline along the Blue Greenway, these depressions can also occur when there are earth-moving activities during development projects.

Coastal Beach and DunesCoastal beaches along the Blue Greenway are made up of sand, fine and course gravel, and rocky debris. These beaches are sparsely vegetated or unvegetated and occur at the edges of development and have been degraded from nearby and recent development. In the past, sand was used to fill portions of open water to expand existing land areas. The sandy areas and beaches along the Blue Greenway do not provide quality habitat that coastal beaches and dune habitat do elsewhere in San Francisco; however, they do provide rest and foraging sites for migrating birds, as well as potential haul out sites for marine mammals.

C

D

Wetland and Shoreline Communities

Coastal Beach and Dunes. Photo by AECOM

Wetlands. Photo by AECOM


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Coastal Grassland and Non-Native GrasslandsBecause of the developed and urban setting of upland areas along the Blue Greenway, grassland communities primarily are comprised of non-native and invasive species. Ruderal vegetation and shrubs, mainly coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis), are scattered throughout the grassland areas. Small, isolated colonies of native perennial bunch grasses that grow in a few areas along the Blue Greenway are generally from restoration projects. Numerous insect, amphibian, reptile, bird, and mammal species occur within grassland and other upland communities.

Coastal ScrubCoastal scrub habitat is prevalent along California coastlines but is rare in upland areas within the Blue Greenway because of developed and urban areas often extending to the edges of the shoreline. Coastal scrub only occurs in one isolated patch along the shoreline of India Basin. No coastal scrub occurs within the Yosemite Slough area. The dense vegetation provides a food source, cover from predation, and refugia habitat for many wildlife species.

Coast Live Oak WoodlandCoast live oak woodland is comprised of communities of oak trees over native or non-native grassland and/or scrub understory. Coast live oak woodland is valuable habitat for nesting birds, especially raptors that forage along coastlines.

Upland Communities


Coastal Grassland and Non-Native Grasslands. Photo by AECOM

Coastal Scrub. Photo by AECOM

Coastal Live Oak Woodland. Photo by AECOM

Coastal grassland, coastal scrub, and coast live oak woodland are communities that occur inland from the shoreline, and provide refuge habitat for wildlife, nesting habitat for birds, and aesthetic appeal for pedestrians and bikers.


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RiprapRiprap is loose stone piled to form breakwater or other hardened surface, often to control erosion. Riprap rock varies in size, from 50 to 200 pounds. Riprap is common along the shoreline throughout the length of the Blue Greenway and serves to stabilize the shoreline from erosion caused by wave energy. Riprap may provide limited shelter for newly hatched fish and terrestrial and aquatic invertebrate species. Although riprap provides habitat for these species, it generally is not considered high quality habitat for native plant and wildlife species in the San Francisco Bay.

Infrastructure - Parking, Roads, and BuildingsInfrastructure describes all portions of the Blue Greenway that are paved, graveled, or otherwise covered by buildings or other human-made structures. These areas generally are located upland from the shoreline, but also extend into open water habitat in the form of piers, docks, and boat launches, which are particularly prevalent at Hunters Point.

Developed Communities


24th Street facing west from Warm Water Cove. Photo by AECOM

Riprap. Photo by AECOM

Existing infrastructure, riprapped shorelines, landscaped areas and parks, and ruderal areas make up the developed communities along the Blue Greenway.


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Landscaped/Ornamental - Including ParksLandscaped areas are described as areas planted with native and non-native ornamental shrubs, forbs, and trees that provide visual, aesthetic, or recreational use, that do not typically provide native or historic habitat. These areas generally include parks and small patches of vegetation and trees planted along the edges of urban areas. Landscaped areas vary greatly but include mixes of non-native and native plant species.

Ruderal AreasRuderal areas are made up of weedy plant species, most specifically primary successional non-native and invasive annuals, which occur in fragmented patches along roadsides and other disturbed areas. The vegetative cover of these communities is similar to non-native grassland with the difference being that ruderal habitats are smaller and more fragmented.

Developed Communities


Representational photo of a landscaped/ornamental area. Photo by AECOM

Representational photo of a ruderal area. Photo by AECOM


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Addressing ContaminationMain Contaminants of Concern

The main contaminants of concern often encountered along the shoreline consist of petroleum hydrocarbons from underground storage tank releases and spills, coal tar from manufactured gas plant production, and metals (mainly lead) from earthquake debris used as fill along the Bay margin.

Depending on the nature of restoration and revegetation activities along the Blue Greenway, remedial alternatives for soil may consist of removal and offsite disposal to a licensed landfill, onsite encapsulation, and capping. Typically for small volumes of material offsite disposal is the typical method for addressing soil contamination. However, working within the Maher program, the final remedial approach to address site soil contamination will be developed as part of the Site Mitigation Plan preparation. In preparing a Site Mitigation Plan, consideration is also given to future property use and the need to be protective of human health and the environment. Additionally, during remedy evaluation sea level rise is now a consideration for sites located along the Bay margin as the selected remedy needs to be able to perform under elevated sea level conditions.

Definitions:

Brownfield: A property that is idle, abandoned, or underused that may be environmentally contaminated.

Superfund Site: Land contaminated by hazardous waste that has been identified and managed by the Environment Protection Agency, as a site for cleanup because it poses a risk to human health and the environment.

Maher Ordinance: The Maher Ordinance requires San Francisco Department of Public Health oversight for the characterization and mitigation of hazardous substances in soil and groundwater in designated areas zoned for industrial uses, sites with industrial uses or underground storage tanks, sites with historic Bay fill, sites in close proximity to freeways or underground storage tanks.10

Petroleum PollutionPhoto by Steve Snodgrass via Flickr

Introduction

The goal of the Superfund program is to clean up contaminated sites in order to protect public health and the environment. Remedial designs and actions take into consideration the likely future use of the site. Since 1980, EPA's Superfund program has cleaned up some of the nation's worst hazardous waste sites, as well as having responded to local and nationally significant environmental emergencies.

Since 1995, EPA's Brownfields program has empowered states, communities, and other stakeholders in economic redevelopment to work together in a timely manner to prevent, assess, safely clean up, and sustainably reuse brownfields. Brownfields grants and technical assistance continue to serve as the foundation of EPA's Brownfields Program. These grants support revitalization efforts by funding environmental assessment, cleanup, and job training activities.9 EPA Brownfields funding has been used on properties in Bayview Hunters Point. However, this program cannot be used on Superfund sites, such as the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard Superfund site.

9 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov10 From San Francisco Department of Public Health. Available: https://www.sfdph.org/dph/eh/HazWaste/Maher_FAQ.asp


26 AECOM

Maher Ordinance

Article 22A (also known as the Maher Ordinance) of the City and County of San Francisco, Department of Public Health (DPH) requires San Francisco Department of Public Health oversight for the characterization and mitigation of hazardous substances in soil and groundwater in designated areas zoned for industrial uses, sites with industrial uses or underground petroleum storage tanks (USTs), sites with historic Bay fill, and sites in close proximity to freeways.

A project may be in the program if it requires a building permit and will disturb a minimum of 50 cubic yards of soil in a designated Article 22A area, or is requested by the Planning Department to contact DPH. Due to the nature of the Blue Greenway as part of the Bay Trail, the entire alignment of the Blue Greenway falls within the jurisdiction of Article 22A. The Maher Area map can be found at the San Francisco Planning Department Library of Cartography online. A map of the Maher Area in the Blue Greenway is shown on the right, which is adopted from the March 2015 San Francisco Planning Department Expanded Maher Area map.

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Polk St

Polk St

Pennsylvania Ave

08th St

Larki n St

Larki n St

Washi ngton St

Fremont St

Turk St

Eddy St

Ester oAve

Hyde St

Eureka St

Twin

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ksB l

vd

Beach S t

Mo ragaAve

02nd

Ave

02nd

Ave

Steuart S t

Minnesota St

Yal e St

Bush St

Pache co

St

Funs

ton

Ave

Clarendon A ve

Wallace Ave

Webster St

Utah St

06th St

43rd

Ave

Visitacio n

Ave

Crest lake Dr

15th

Ave

15th

Ave

Cole St

Waller S t

Quesada Ave

Gi lman Ave

Gi lman Ave

Mon

tgom

ery

St

Sant

os S

t

Parnassus Ave

Mendell

St

San

Mig

uel S

t

03rd

St

Chestnut S t

Harriso

n St

42nd

Ave

Leland Ave

Clay S t

Clay S t

Clay S t

Sacramento St

Sacramento St

Sacramento St

Sacramento St

Oakdale Ave

Powell St

Powell St

Miss

ion

St

Mission S t

Steiner St

Chestnut S t

Glad

y s S

t

03rd

Ave

03rd

Ave

Filbert S t

AlemanyBl vd

Maso

nic Ave

Mas on

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Californi a S t

Sl oat B lvd

Juni

pero

Ser

ra B

lvd

Por

t ola

Dr

Sa cram ent o St

Beale St

Bush St

Harriso

n St

Harriso

n St

Harriso

n St

Harri son St

Som Ers et St

Lombard S t

01st St

Brannan S

t

Brannan S

t

Brannan S

t

Val lej o St

Union S t

Union S t

08th St

Douglass St

Lake St

Lake St

San Juan Ave

09thSt

09th St

Battery St

Webster St

Buchanan St

Ortega St

C arne lia nWay

Ge

neb

ern

Wa y

Harp

er St

P or to la

D r

Ba l timo reW ay

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Ave

Del

lbr o

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Ful ton S t

Ful ton S tFul ton S t

Ful ton S t

Anza St

Anza St

Anza St

Kirkham St

Kirkham St

Quesada Ave

Quesada Ave

Balboa St

Clement St

Clement St

Clement St

Balboa St

Balboa St

Balboa St

Balboa St

Sta

n fo

rdH

eig

hts

Ave

C ash mer e S t

Benton

Ave

Maso

nic Ave

San

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Maso

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Kea rny

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Glen

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Win

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Gr ant Av e

Eller t StE v ers on St

Cabrillo S t

Cabrillo S tCabrillo S t

Cabrillo S t

Cabrillo S t

Judah St

Grafton Ave

36th

Ave

Ward St

Industrial St

Santa Rosa Ave

Ocean Ave

Ocean Ave

Cre st aV ista Dr

Innes Ave

05th St

05th St

Taraval S t

Green S t

Green S t

Green S t

Green S t

26th

Ave

Div isade

ro S

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Californi a S t

Lincol n W ay

Sl oat B lvd

Californi a S t

Californi a S t

C esar C havez St

Mo ffi t tSt

Li ttle fie ld Ter

Bla ir Ter

13th St

13th St

Plu m St

Mi s

sion

St

Wil lard

St

Ol mstead St

Newcomb Ave

Oxford St

Lawton S t

Yorba St

A lem any B lvd

Stockton St

Tayl or St

Hoff St

Albio

n St

Camp St

Dearborn St

San Carlos St

Lex ington St

Lapidge St

Linda St

Oakw

ood S

t

Landers

St

Ba y

sho r

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l vd

Potrero Ave

Potrero Ave

Lake

Me

rce

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Lake

Me

rce

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lvd

Market S

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Market S

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Broa dway

Californi a S t

Californi a S t

Californi a S t

Par k

Hill

Ave

Oakda le Ave

Caselli Ave

09 th Ave

Wild er St

Anza St

Excels ior Ave

11th St

Post S t

Ulloa St

Laguna St

Shafter Ave

03rd S t

03rd S t

She rid anAve

38th

Ave

Detro

it St

Cor bet t Ave

Fore

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Ben

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Twin

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Delma

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Ric o Way

Darie n Wa y

Ga rd

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Cas a Way

Tre

at A

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Collin

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Nebr

ask a

St

Mag ellan Ave

Che

ste

r Ave

Ullo

a S

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Rae A

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04th

Ave

Franklin St

Gill

ette

Ave

Re vere Ave

Fitzgerald Ave

Hyde St

Pal om a Av e

Valencia St

Val encia St

Val encia St

M urr ay St

Winding W ay

Mon tcalm St

Curtis St

Dora ntes Ave

Fols om St

Broa dway

Rossi A

ve

Laguna St

Fillmore S

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Naylor St

Arb or St

Corte

s Ave

Cap ra Wa y

Cesar C havez St

Gene va Ave

Dra keS

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Bank

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Devonsh

ire

Way

Donah

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Sa nta Mar ina St

Mission S

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Mission S

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Mission S

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Mangels Ave

Jones St

Jones St

04th St

04th S t

L inco

lnB

l vd

Linco

ln B

lvd

Chestnut S t

Ordway St

Vicente St

Lisbo

n St

Lisbo

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Ingerson Ave

Wisconsin S

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Asht

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San

Jose

Ave

Sanchez St

San Bruno Ave

Fol som S

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Fol som S

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Fol som S

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Folsom St

Ter ryA

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Blv

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Ramona Av e

Woodward S

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B rothe rhoo d Way

Ocean Ave

O cean A ve

Ocean Ave

Californi a S t

Ma

llorca

Wa y

Yor k St

Rockawa y Ave

Lincol n W ay

Vicente St

Mount Vernon Ave

Sunnydale Ave

John

s to n

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D r

De Haro St

Crisp Rd

Burrows St

Santa Ynez Ave

Eucalyptus Dr

19th Ave

Tayl or St

Guerrero St

C li nt o n P a r k

Rosemont Pl

Br o sn a n S t

Dorlan d St

Cumb erla nd St

Syc amore St

Stevenson St

M on tere y B lvd

Di amond Heights Bl vd

Lop

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Ave

Californi a S t

Californi a S t

Mari na B lvd

Al em any B l vd

Ale

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Union S t

Union S t

Union S t

Bush St

Bush St

Bush St

Guerrero St

Guerrero St

Mo ntec it

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Palou Ave

Turk St

Pacif ic Ave

Pacif ic Ave

Pacif ic Ave

Ofarrell St

Ofarrell St

Tayl or St

Ellis S t

Roose

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Marsily S

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Topaz

Wa

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Putn

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Bea conSt

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Suns

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Suns

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19th

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19th

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19th

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Geary B lvd

Geary B lvd

Lincol n W ay

Mason S

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Filbert S t

C l arendon Ave

Filbert S t

Filbert S t

Mason S

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Larki n St

Ellis S t

Ellis S t

Powell St

Towns

end St

Towns

end St

Carolina St

Sutter St

Sutter St

Sutter St

De l S ur Ave

Poin t Lobo s Ave

Bays

hore

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19th

Ave

John M

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41st

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Brotherh ood Way

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A le ma ny B lvd

Al em

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Brya

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Bryant S

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Bryant S

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Mason S

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Jones St

Jones St

Val lej o St

Leavenworth S

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Leavenworth S

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Hyde St

Upper

Ter

Mor se St

Kansas St

De Long S t

El Camino Del Mar

Van Dyke Ave

06th

Ave

06th

Ave

Bay s ho reB

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Skyl

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Blv

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Cla

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Argu

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Gene va Ave

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Market S

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Market St

Mar

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Sa

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03rd St

03rd St

03rd St

Wo

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Ma rce

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Gar cia Ave

J us ti nD

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Rome St

Congd

on St

15th

Ave

Belvede

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Navajo Ave

Man gels Ave

Sant a M on ica Way

Pre

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Edg e h i l lW a

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Magel lanAv e

Laidle

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Avila St

Alpine

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Crau

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Columbu s Ave

Gene va Ave

Richardson Ave

Gla

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Rolph St

Sotel o

Ave

West Clay St

Ap ollo

St

Chicag o Way

Neva

da S

t

Lombard S t

Ankeny St

Howard St

Howard St

Howard St

How

ard

St

Francisco S t

Silver Ave

Di gby

S t

Dia

mo

nd St

Lak es hore D r

Se ville St

Bonv

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St Ger main Ave

Brom

pto

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Be ulah St

Jackson St

Pa cific Ave

Cla y St

Dolores S

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30t h St

Valen

cia St

Noe

St

Noe

St

Noe

St

20t h St

06th S t

Front St

Mon

tgomer y S

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Kearn

y St

Earl S

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Leese S

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Pr ecita Ave

D alewood

Way

Lob os St

R ob inh oo d Dr

Brad

ford

St

Farn

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P recitaAve

28t h St

Libe rt y St

Alv ar ad o St

21st St

Day St

Libe rt y St

25t h St

Hill St

15t h St

Iris Av

e

Mano

r Dr

Sa rg en t St

Sh ield s St

Pa uld ing St

Cor do

va St

Sc otia Ave

Br uc e Ave

Lak evie w Ave

24t h St

Ba

rcelo

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Fair O

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Tr eat A

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Rankin

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Selby

St

Ma rip osa St

Gla

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Dun can St

Diaz Av e

Fuen

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B re nt w oodA

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Sh aw ne e Ave

Peru

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17t h St

Shot w

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Shot w

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Day St

Mon tere y B lvd

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Dr

Car me l St

St Josep

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Alv ar ad o St

Nor t

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Mou ntain Spring Ave

Belve

dere

St

Lawre nce Ave

Otta wa Ave

Nag lee Ave

Am a zon Ave

Om ar Way

Italy Ave

Ulloa St

Quint S

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Pa lo Alt o Ave

Ellin

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Ave

Par kri dg

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San

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25t h St

Pano

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2 5t h St

Mur

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Mo

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Cayu ga

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Ono nd ag a Av e

Fa rr ag ut Av e

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Ap ple to n Ave

Ma rip osa St

Ma

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26t h St

25t h St

Col

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Sa turn St

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A m ethy s t Way

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Lowell S

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An zavista Ave

Mate o St

Stra

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Chene

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Chene ry S

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Chene ry St

Mi gu elSt

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Castro

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Coso Ave

Juan Ba utista

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Thom

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Sta

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28t h St

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Granv il le

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Va lley St

Grijalva

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San Fe

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29t h St

Ma

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Pow hattan A v e

Su rre y St

Moul

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Sa lin as Ave

Sa cram ent o St

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Eliz ab eth St 24t h St

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Willar d S

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Au gu sta St

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17t h St

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Hug o St

Laph am Wa y

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Gutte

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Mission

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Bemis S

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Gate

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Merce

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Fair mou nt St

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Elsi

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Eugenia Av e

Cresp i D

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Cou

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Pros

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Br unswick St

Jackson St

Porte

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Dou

glass S

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Me ndell

St

M a rip osa St

17t h St

17th St

MeadeAve

24t h St

22n d St

Far view

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21s t St

26t h St

S an Mar cos Ave

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Eastw

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Hill

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Sg t Joh n V You ng St

Gel

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Bluxo

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Pierce S

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Spru

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Fa ra llon es St

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Seq u

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Lydia Ave

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Lucy

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Se rr an o Dr

Ply mo

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17 th St

22n d St

26t h St

Jer sey St

19t h St

22n d St

18t h St

23r d St

20t h St

Of arr ell St

New

hal

l S

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Phelp

s St

Fo ote Ave

Circu lar Ave

18t h St

19t h St

Ag ua Wa y

Pin eh

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Way

Ed ward St

Mcc op pin St

Co

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Ba

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Ave

So uthw

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20t h St

Oce an Ave

Sa do wa St

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Conco

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Sa ntiag o St

Allison S

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L i na res Ave

GoldM

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Gr ant Av e

Le C onte Ave

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Whitn

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Hest er A

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L ansdale

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Blake

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Lupin e Ave

Sus se xSt

Mullen Ave

Wh

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B lythd aleAve

Richla nd Ave

Ney St

Ye rb a Bu en a Ave

Ke ns ing ton Wa y

Mo

limo

Dr

16th

Ave

20 th St

Te rraceDr

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21s t St

S an

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Mo nta na St

Quint S

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Va lley St

Shot w

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Julian A

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Cap

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Cap

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Tar a

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Th rift St

Mon te

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16th S t

Vela sco Ave

Allston

Way

Av alo n Ave

Se ne ca Ave

26t h St

19t h St

20t h St

Lan

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Keith

St

Lan e

St

Rid

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22n d St

18t h St

Tola

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Te rra Vista Av e

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Newh all

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Pr agu eS t

Florid

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Vid al Dr

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Alaba

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Me lro se Av e

Gra tta n St

Alm a St

Rivoli St

20t h St

Quint S

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22n d St

Ingall

s St

Ors

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Ma

rne

Ave

23r d St

26t h St

15t h St

Cast en a daAve

Brew

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Ande

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St

Fra

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Ellsw

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St

Shotw

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Benton A ve

Ar ling

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Ogden Av e

Tomp kins Ave

Jarboe Av e

Holla

day

Ave

St Mar ys Ave

C hav es

Ave

Lipp

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Ave

Cla y St

Bach

e St

Keith

St

25t h St

15t h St

Ply

mo

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Ave

Phelp

s St

Jen nin

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Whip ple Ave

15t h St

24t h St

17t h St

29t h St

Vicksb

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18t h St

23r d St

19t h St

De

nsl o

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Dr

How

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27t h St

M unic

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Ala m ed a St

H igh lan d Ave

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25t h St

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Foer

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Rolph St

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Randa ll St

Boca

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Gr ee nwo od Ave

Huron

Ave

Ev elyn Wa y

Sic kles Ave

Rankin

St

Me

rr ill St

Pa ul Av e

Lincol n W ay

Lincol n W ay

San J

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P ac h eco

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Car

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Miss

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Pa checo St

Market S

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C orb et

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Ashb

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Mus e u m

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St

Maryland St

Dela

war e S

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Texas St

San B

runo

Ave

Kirkwood Ave

New ha ll St

Bur ke Ave

Argo

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Del

ta S

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Bu ckin gh am Way

Burn

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Sc en ic Wa y

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Bra zil Ave

SouthHi ll Bl vd

Ath en s S t

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Ave

San Bruno Ave

03rd

St

Barn

eve l

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Pr ado St

Bay St

Owens St

John F She lle y Dr

Ma rgar

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Crestmont Dr

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Dakota St

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Misso uriSt

Mo nte re y Blv d

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Way

Jeff er son St

Br az il Ave

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New Mo nt gome ry St

Be ac h St

Rosc

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Arno

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Ellsw

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Colle ge Ave

Justin Dr

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Alp

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Loe

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Ke llo ch Ave

Greenwi ch S t

M e rcede sW

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Po rtol a Dr

Br ookd ale Ave

Napolean St

Tola

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Pa no ra m a D r

Dia

mon

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05th

Ave

Lake St

Lincol n W ay

Tere sita

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Mcla ren Ave

Cutler Av e

Rivera St

B rotherhoo d Way

Hig uer a Ave

Vidal D r

Div is ion St

Franklin St

NicholsW

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Silver Ave

Octa

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Ma r k e t St

Malta Dr

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The City and County of San Francisco (CCSF) does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, completeness or usefulnessof any information. CCSF provides this information on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, and assumes no responsibility for anyone's use of the information. San Mateo County

NOTE:The Expanded Maher Area is comprised of the following:- Maher Area- Areas currently or previously zoned as industrial- Areas currently or previously with industrial land uses- Areas within 150ft of Highway 101, Interstate 80 or Interstate 280- Areas of bay fill- Areas within 100ft of a known hazardous waste site (Geotracker/EnviroStor)- Areas within 100ft of an underground storage tank

CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCOPLANNING DEPARTMENT

Expanded Maher AreaMarch 2015

0 10.5 Mile $

Berna

l

H eig htsB lvd

Bor ic

aSt

Cor o

naS t

Ashbury St

Princeton St

Arg

uello

Blvd

Gi rard St

Gi rard St

Rivera St

Navy Rd

Par k

Blv d

Mor

ning

side

Dr

Herbst Rd

Beve

rly S

t

Fore

st S

ide

Ave

U rba

n o

Dr

Mad

rone

Ave

Locksley Ave

Valde zA ve

Talb

ert S

t

Stanyan Blvd

Athe

ns S

t

Tunn

elA v

e

Ever

gla

de D

r

Ot is St

Laurel St

Sawy

er S

t

Woodland Ave

28th

Ave

Mac

arth

ur A

ve

Garr

ison

Ave

Marin S t

Dewey Blvd

Yer baB ue na

Ave

Grant Ave

03rd

Ave

Cl ay to n

St

Gre

at H

wy

Ma ri etta

Dr

San Bruno Ave

HardingRd

M art in Luther King J r Dr

M art in Luther King Jr DrM art in

Luther King Jr Dr

Cargo Way

Jamestown Ave

De M o ntf or t Ave

Mo nca da

Way

Giant s

Dr

T ran sverseDr

St Francis Blvd

State Dr

Dorman Ave

Ki ng S

t

32nd

Ave

32nd

Ave

21st

Ave

21st

Ave

21st

Ave

38th

Ave

38th

Ave

11th

Ave

20th

Ave

20th

Ave

20th

Ave

20th

Ave

31st

Ave

31st

Ave

31st

Ave

16th

Ave

18th

Ave

18th

Ave

18th

Ave

30th

Ave

M iddle

East

Dr

W inston

Dr

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wea

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John F Shelley Dr

MartinLuther

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Clar

e mo n

tB l

vd

25th

Ave

Miral om

a Dr

Kearny St

Behr

Ave

Cri ssy

Field Ave

Broad St

Sagam ore St

Church St

16th

Ave

10th

Ave

27th

Ave

27th

Ave

19th

Ave

14th

Ave

15th

Ave

16th

Ave

18th

Ave

16th

Ave

16th

Ave

14th

Ave

14th

Ave

34th

Ave

34th

Ave

34th

Ave

27th

Ave

23rd

Ave

26th

Ave

26th

Ave

12th

Ave

12th

Ave

25th

Ave

25th

Ave

33rd

Ave

33rd

Ave

33rd

Ave

33rd

Ave

23rd

Ave

23rd

Ave

22nd

Ave

22nd

Ave

22nd

Ave

22nd

Ave

24th

Ave

24th

Ave

24th

Ave

32nd

Ave

30th

Ave

30th

Ave

17th

Ave

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Ave

17th

Ave

10th

Ave

29th

Ave

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Ave

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Ave

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Ave

27th

Ave

09th

Ave

09th

Ave

09th

Ave

17th

Ave

17th

Ave

19th

Ave

20th

Ave

Funs

ton

Ave

Can

yonDr

Vest a St

Nep

tune

St

Red

dy S

t

Bay

s hor

eB

l vd

P oint Lob os A ve

Geary B lvd

Kiska

Rd

Berry S

t

Holloway Ave

HudsonAve

Jord

an A

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Palm

Ave

Channel St

Miss ion Ro ck St

Harney Way

La P

laya

40th

Ave

28th

Ave

39th

Ave

30th

Ave

37th

Ave

La P

laya

25th

Ave

35th

Ave

48th

Ave

Folsom

St

Man

chest er St

34th

Ave

33rd

Ave

22nd

Ave

21st

Ave

21st

Ave

Mississipp

i St

Cer

es

St

Noriega St

Ce dr o Ave

Fr an ce Av e

Russ ia Ave

Hawe s S

t

BellaV is ta

Wa y

Hoffm

an A

ve

Cor tlan d Av e

Th or nto n Av e

14t h St

Ace vedo Ave

Mo un t Ver no n Av e

Bur

net t

Ave

03rd

St

Brid

gevi

ew D

r

Bitt in g Ave

Am a zon Ave

44th

Ave

44th

Ave

44th

Ave

39th

Ave

39th

Ave

45th

Ave

45th

Ave

45th

Ave

45th

Ave

Funs

ton

Ave

46th

Ave

46th

Ave

46th

Ave

46th

Ave

23rd

Ave

24th

Ave

24th

Ave

40th

Ave

40th

Ave

08th

Ave

41st

Ave

41st

Ave

41st

Ave

08th

Ave

08th

Ave

38th

Ave

38th

Ave

42nd

Ave

42nd

Ave

Ora

Wa

y

En

c anto

Ave

27t h St

25t h St

20t h St

05th

Ave

Bay St

Bay St

Bay St

Bacon S t

North Point St

North Point St

Haight St

Haight St

Campbell Ave

Haro

ld A

ve

Harri son St

Del

ta S

t

Baker St

Noe St

Noe St

Oakdale Ave

Schw

erin

St

Hyde St

Sansome St

San Bruno Ave

Cambridge St

Oriz

aba

Ave

14th St

The

Em

barcadero

TheEm

barc ade ro

Greenwi ch S t

02nd S t

02nd S t

Rivera St

42nd

Ave

Dela

no A

ve

South Van Ness A

ve

Oak

P ar

k Dr

Cre

stli

neD

r

Fun s

to nAve

Ve

nt u raAve

Sta tes St

Downey S

t

L aSa lle

Ave

SanFe

li peAv

e

B ayview Pa rk R d

Sa

nta

An

aA

ve

Lowe r Te r

Alton Ave

San

Raf

ael W

ay

Mira bel Ave

Elsie

St

Treat A

ve

Porto

la

Dr

Bay s

h ore

Blv

d

Red

Rock Way

Pa rk St

NorthridgeRd

18t h St

18t h St

Add is o

nSt

T ho ma sAv e

San Jos

e Ave

Th or nto n Av e

Mor se St

He rna nd

ezAv

e

Chatta

nooga S

t

Bron

te S

t

15th St

Turqu

oi se

Way

La ke Me r ced

B lvd

Van Ness A

ve

Van Ness A

ve

Van Ness A

ve

Divisade

ro S

t

Divisade

ro S

t

Divisade

ro S

t

Teres it aBlvd

Davidson Ave

LincolnBlv d

Tho r Ave

Collingw

ood S

t

Baltimore

Way

Folso

m S

t

Sacr ame nto St

Be lgra ve Ave

R ockridge Dr

Dia n

aS

t

L ato

na

St

Po

mo

naS

t

Flo

raS

t

Ne wha

ll St

Wate

rville

St

Arba

llo D

r

Cay

uga

Ave

Su nr ise Way

Davis St

Ellio

t St

Jen nin

gs S

t

Sto

necr

e st

Dr

Am

ber

Dr

Marview Way

L en o

xW

a y

Led ya rd St

Niag ar a Ave

York S

t

York S

t

Riv

as A

ve

Ma yfa ir D r

Alaba

ma S

t

Ha

z elwood

Ave

36th

Ave

Evans Ave

Egbert Ave

Fai rfax Ave

Donner Ave

Grove St

Brig

hton

Ave

King St

37th

Ave

37th

Ave

37th

Ave

37th

Ave

Gran

ada

Ave

Brig

ht S

t

Egbert Ave

Ti oga Ave

Custer Ave

Seac

liffAv

e

De

So t

oS

t

Ram

sell S

t

Arch

St

Junipero

Serra B

lvd

Peralta

Ave

D iam

o nd

Hei

ght s

Blvd

Roa no ke St

B er kele

yW

ay

Pope S

t

Lev an

tS

t

Vi rg in ia A ve

Ca rde n as Ave

Va

rela

Av

e

Are

lla

no

Av

e

Ta p ia D r

Gonza lez Dr

20t

hA

ve

Juni

pero

Ser

ra B

lvd

Sl oat B lvd

Sl oat B lvd

Teddy Ave

Vern

on S

t

Rals

ton

St

Byxb

ee S

t

Clipper S t

Funs

ton

Ave

Main St

Tucker Ave

Ful ton S t

Lond

on S

t

Lond

on S

t

Arleta Ave

Mira

mar

Ave

Eucalyptus Dr

Golden Gate Ave

Golden Gate Ave

Waller S t

Eddy St

Eddy St

Jerrold Ave

Frederick S t

Frederick S t

Mira

mar

Ave

Turk Bl vd

Colby St

Jamestown Ave

Hollis ter Ave

Lathrop Ave

Her ma nn St

Castro St

44th

Ave

La Salle Ave

30th St

La keM

er cedBl vd

Lom bard S t

Griffith

St

40th

Ave

43rd

Ave

43rd

Ave

43rd

Ave

39th

Ave

39th

Ave

48th

Ave

48th

Ave

48th

Ave

07th

Ave

Arc

h S

t

Galvez Ave

Newcomb Ave

Bancroft Ave

Carroll Ave

36th

Ave

36th

Ave

36th

Ave

Sa n

Jose

Ave

Bo swo rt h St

Ga

lew

o

o d C i r

Po rtol a Dr

Argu

ello

Blv

d

Stanyan St

M arket S t

Parnassus Ave

Rockd ale Dr

Gra

nd

Vie

w A

ve

C laytonSt

Buen

aV

is ta

Wes

t A

ve

Kir kwo od Ave

Cesa r Cha ve z St

Ma jest ic

Ave

San B

enito W

ay

16th St

Lak

ewo

od A

ve

B ay v iew C i r

To le doW ay

For tun

aA

ve

Pe rs ia Ave

Shor e Vie w Ave

32nd

Ave

E l Camino Del M

ar

Innes Ave

Church St

Church St

Stanyan St

Stanyan St

Shrader St

Bosworth S t

15th

Ave

Alham

braSt

Ot s

ego

Ave

Somerset St

Ellis S t

Val lej o St

Val lej o St

Mcalli ster S t

Mcalli ster St

Pine S t

Pine S t Geary St

Geary St

Crag

mon

t Ave

Ca

me

oW

ay

Pe ralta Ave

Con

rad

St

Ma yn

a rdS

t

Hill St

26t h St

24t h St

19t h St

22n d St

23r d St

Jer sey St

Chestnut S t

Tayl or St

05th

Ave

Pierce St

07th

Ave

07th

Ave

Front St

Leavenworth S

t

Key Ave

Lyon St

Broderick St

Sansome St

Baker St

47th

Ave

47th

Ave

47th

Ave

Wil liams Ave

Duboce Ave

Duboce Ave

LincolnB lv d

Silver Ave

Silver Ave

47th

Ave

Shrader St

Revere Ave

46th

Ave

47th

Ave

31st

Ave

32nd

Ave

32nd

Ave

Cro s so ver

Dr

Clay S t

M an sell S t

Folsom St

Fol som St

University St

Lombard S t

Waller St

John F Kennedy DrJohn F K ennedy D r

JohnF Kenned y Dr

John F Kennedy Dr

Kir kwoodAve

Presidio Ave

Dela

no A

ve

Sutter St

Barneveld Ave

26th

Ave

24t h St

20t h St

22n d St

19t h St

14t h St

24t h St

18t h St

Th ere s aSt

23r d St

Bart lett S

t

17th St

12th

Ave

Lak evie w Ave

18t h St

17th St

Cotte rSt

Topeka

Av e

19t h St

Stilling s Av e

Gene va Ave

Pa rqu e Dr

26th

Ave

San J os eAv e

Webster S

t

Man sell S t

Baysho

re Bl vd

San Jose A ve

19th

Ave

H ollo way Ave

Dolores S

t

Dolores S

t

Dolores S

t

Dolores S

t

Broa dway

Broa dway

Jerrold Ave

Ocean Ave

Men

del l

St

22nd

Ave

Egbert Ave

Lee

Ave

Mun

i ch

St

S ilver Ave

07th St

07th St

Ful ton S t

Post S t

Post S t

Post S t

Post S t

Greenwi ch S t

03rd St

Greenwi ch S t

Laguna St

Gre

at H

wy

Gre

at H

wy

Gre

at H

wy

Gre

at H

wy

Gre

at H

wy

C lip per St

04th

Ave

Arag

o St

21st

Ave

Yosemite Ave

Raymond Ave

35th

Ave

35th

Ave

35th

Ave

W est P

ortal

Ave

Kirkwood Ave

23rd

Ave

Executive Park Bl vd

C harte rOak

A ve

Co rt lan d Ave

Cr es cen t Ave

H oll y

P ark Cir

Innes Ave

A lana Way

Mea

dow

broo

k D

r

Spear St

Armstr ong Ave

Hayes S tOak S t

Oak S t

Fel l S t

Fel l S t

Fel l S t

Fel l S t

Beach S t

Vermont St

KansasSt

Rhode Is land St

San Bruno Ave

Page St

San Bruno Ave

Fore

st V

iew

Dr

Ucsf Ln

Alabama S

t

Carolina St

Rhode Is land St

Rhode Is land St

Connect icut St

Indiana St

Florida St

Grove St

Missouri St

Texas St

Vermont St

Mississippi St

26th

Ave

Beale St

Dartmouth St

Holyoke St

25th

Ave

Brussel s St

Utah St

Bowdoin St

Harvard St

Bryant St

Bryant St

Hampshire St

Inve

rnes

s D

r

Church St

24th

Ave

Prag

ue S

t

Mid

dlef

ield

Dr

Kezar Dr

Vict

oria

St

Ra

mse

ll S

t

Francisco S t

Sylv

an D

r

Broa dway

Ofarrell St

North Point St

Ful ton S t

Ful ton S t

Grove St

Ful ton S t

Mcalli ster St

Mcalli ster St

Lombard S t

Golden Gate Ave

Washi ngton St

North Point St

Ful ton S t

Clay S t

Beach S t

Washi ngton St

Jefferson St

Bay St

25th

Ave

Turk St

Jule

s Av

e

Page St

Page St

Oak S t

Oak S t

Hayes S t

Hayes S t

Hayes S t

Woo dsi de A ve

Cerrit osAve

15th

Ave

Jerrold Ave

20th

Ave

12th

Ave

28th

Ave

28th

Ave

28th

Ave

Illinois St

Mckinnon Ave

Brussel s St

Vermont St

29th

Ave

29th

Ave

Dubl

in S

t

Peab

ody

St

Rey

St

Davi

sSt

10th

Ave

10th

Ave

10th

Ave

19 thAv e

Urbano Dr

Bu cking ha m Way

Sk yl i ne

Blv d

Brussel s St

Goet tingen St

Connect icut St

Washi ngton St

Washi ngton St

Bur lwo od D r

Jackson St

Jackson St

Jackson St

Clea

rfiel

d Dr

Pari s

St

Pari s

St

Faxo

n Av

e

11th

Ave

11th

Ave

26th

Ave

Arkansas St

Oneida Ave

Staples Ave

Tennessee St

Oakdale Ave

Bancroft Ave

Indiana St

Edin

burg

St

Edin

burg

St

So ut h St

Cam pu s Wa y

Marston Ave

Buchanan St

Hamil ton S

t

Judson Ave

South Van Ness A

ve

Toco

lom

a A

ve

De Haro St

De Haro St

Donner Ave

Hale S t

Scot t St

Napl

es S

t

Napl

es S

t

Ashbury St

Larki n St

Pierce St

Baker St

C oo kS t

Ewin g Ter

Aqua

v ist

aW

ay

Winston Dr

Jun

iper

oS

err a

Blv

d

B acon St

Wayland St

Gambi er St

Fel ton S t

Fel ton S t

Sillim an St

W ashington B lvd

Noriega St

Kirkham St

F owl er

A

ve

Br idg

evie w

Way

H unt ersP ointBlvd

07th St

Rivera St

Moraga S t

Taraval S t

Taraval S t

Santiago S t

Ortega St

Kirkham St

Judah St

Irving S t

Lawton S t

Pacheco St

Noriega St

Taraval S t

Lawton S t

Lawton S t

Santiago S t

Santiago S t

Ulloa St

Anza St

Cornwall St

Ulloa St

Lake St

Lake St

Pacheco St

Quintara St

Quintara St

Judah St

Irving S t

Irving S t

Wawona St

Clement St

Moraga S t

Moraga S t

Moraga S t

Noriega St

Noriega St

Clayton St

Vicente St

Wawona St

Mad

rid S

t

Mad

rid S

t

Ortega St

Hearst AveHearst Ave

Ortega St

Wil de Ave

Scott St

Wayland St

Woolsey S t

Pioche St

Minnesota St

Burrows St

Dwight St

Was hingtonB l vd

Drumm

St

Laguna St

Buchanan St

Broderick St

Tennessee St

48th

Ave

Francisco S t

22nd

Ave

Fillmore S

t

Scot t St

Spruce St

Walnut St

Cherry St

Locust St

Mapl e St

Lyon St

Baker St

Gaven St

Mon

ticel

lo S

t

Vien

na S

t

Vien

na S

t

Jefferson St

Carroll Ave

Bowdoin St

Fulton S t

Luna

do W

ay

Quintara St

Pacheco St

South Van Ness A

ve

Clayton St

Presidio Ave Baker St

Octavia St

Central Ave

02nd

Ave

Gough St

Cole St

04th

Ave

Whe

ele

r Ave

Peni

nsu

la A

ve

Mckinnon Ave

Pierce St

Broderick St

Broderick St

Octavia St

Gough St

Mad

d ux

Ave

Mos

cow

St

Rutl a

nd S

t

Eucli d Ave

College Ave

Vis itaci on Ave

Irving S t

Irving S t

Britt

on S

t

Holloway Ave

Shafter Ave

Sanchez St

Sanchez St

06th

Ave

Fort

F

uns tonRd

Ma

ywo

odD

r

Pasa

dena

St

Br oo k Dale Av e

Tel eg

ra

ph

Hil

lB lvd

Blanken Ave

Del

ta S

t

Garfi el d St

30th

Ave

Randolph St

Golden Gate Ave

Genn

esse

e St

Foer

ster

St

Head

St

Capi

tol A

veCa

pito

l Ave

Castro St

Castro St

Yal e St

Rive

rton

Dr

45th

Ave

Sprin

gfie

ld D

r

Co r

bet t

S t

Athe

ns S

t

Athe

ns S

t

Diamond S

t

Diamond S

t

Diamond S

t

University St

San taClara

Ave

Carl St

Edna

St

P ark erA ve

Thomas Ave

Dartmouth St

Colby St

Cervantes B lvd

Galvez Ave

Areli

o us W

alker

Dr

Mo nta lvo Ave

Bade

n St

Funs

ton

Ave

Amherst St

Marin St

14th

Ave

Stockton St

Pierce St

Cesar Chavez S t

Cesar Chavez S t

03rd

St

16th S t

16th S t

16th S t

Mission S

t

Mission S

t

Mission S

t

08th St

Pine S t

Pine S t

10th St

10th St

Miss

ion

St

Miss

ion

St

Mission

St

Palou Ave

Joost Ave

Acad

ia S

t

Central Ave

Lyon St

Broadway

Hahn

St

Turk Bl vd

Trum bull S t

San

Jose

Ave

Evans Ave

12th St

Flood Ave

Edg

ewoo

dAv

e

Underwood Ave

Bay View S t

Fillmore S

t

Fillmore S

t

Hudson Ave

Scott St

Scot t St

Steiner St

Steiner St

Steiner St

Laguna St

Octavia St

Battery St

Niagara Ave

Web ste r

S t

Octavia St

Buchanan St

Gough St

Gough St

Steiner St

Franklin St

Franklin St

Polk St

Polk St

Polk St

Polk St

Pennsylvania Ave

08th St

Larki n St

Larki n St

Washi ngton St

Fremont St

Turk St

Eddy St

Ester oAve

Hyde St

Eureka St

Twin

Pea

ksB l

vd

Beach S t

Mo ragaAve

02nd

Ave

02nd

Ave

Steuart S t

Minnesota St

Yal e St

Bush St

Pache co

St

Funs

ton

Ave

Clarendon A ve

Wallace Ave

Webster St

Utah St

06th St

43rd

Ave

Visitacio n

Ave

Crest lake Dr

15th

Ave

15th

Ave

Cole St

Waller S t

Quesada Ave

Gi lman Ave

Gi lman Ave

Mon

tgom

ery

St

Sant

os S

t

Parnassus Ave

Mendell

St

San

Mig

uel S

t

03rd

St

Chestnut S t

Harriso

n St

42nd

Ave

Leland Ave

Clay S t

Clay S t

Clay S t

Sacramento St

Sacramento St

Sacramento St

Sacramento St

Oakdale Ave

Powell St

Powell St

Miss

ion

St

Mission S t

Steiner St

Chestnut S t

Glad

y s S

t

03rd

Ave

03rd

Ave

Filbert S t

AlemanyBl vd

Maso

nic Ave

Mas on

icA

v e

Californi a S t

Sl oat B lvd

Juni

pero

Ser

ra B

lvd

Por

t ola

Dr

Sa cram ent o St

Beale St

Bush St

Harriso

n St

Harriso

n St

Harriso

n St

Harri son St

Som Ers et St

Lombard S t

01st St

Brannan S

t

Brannan S

t

Brannan S

t

Val lej o St

Union S t

Union S t

08th St

Douglass St

Lake St

Lake St

San Juan Ave

09thSt

09th St

Battery St

Webster St

Buchanan St

Ortega St

C arne lia nWay

Ge

neb

ern

Wa y

Harp

er St

P or to la

D r

Ba l timo reW ay

Idor a

Ave

Del

lbr o

okA v e

Ful ton S t

Ful ton S tFul ton S t

Ful ton S t

Anza St

Anza St

Anza St

Kirkham St

Kirkham St

Quesada Ave

Quesada Ave

Balboa St

Clement St

Clement St

Clement St

Balboa St

Balboa St

Balboa St

Balboa St

Sta

n fo

rdH

eig

hts

Ave

C ash mer e S t

Benton

Ave

Maso

nic Ave

San

Ale

soA

ve

Maso

nic Ave

Kea rny

S t

Glen

brook A

ve

Win

field

St

Gr ant Av e

Eller t StE v ers on St

Cabrillo S t

Cabrillo S tCabrillo S t

Cabrillo S t

Cabrillo S t

Judah St

Grafton Ave

36th

Ave

Ward St

Industrial St

Santa Rosa Ave

Ocean Ave

Ocean Ave

Cre st aV ista Dr

Innes Ave

05th St

05th St

Taraval S t

Green S t

Green S t

Green S t

Green S t

26th

Ave

Div isade

ro S

t

Californi a S t

Lincol n W ay

Sl oat B lvd

Californi a S t

Californi a S t

C esar C havez St

Mo ffi t tSt

Li ttle fie ld Ter

Bla ir Ter

13th St

13th St

Plu m St

Mi s

sion

St

Wil lard

St

Ol mstead St

Newcomb Ave

Oxford St

Lawton S t

Yorba St

A lem any B lvd

Stockton St

Tayl or St

Hoff St

Albio

n St

Camp St

Dearborn St

San Carlos St

Lex ington St

Lapidge St

Linda St

Oakw

ood S

t

Landers

St

Ba y

sho r

eB

l vd

Potrero Ave

Potrero Ave

Lake

Me

rce

d B

lvd

Lake

Me

rce

d B

lvd

Market S

t

Market S

t

Broa dway

Californi a S t

Californi a S t

Californi a S t

Par k

Hill

Ave

Oakda le Ave

Caselli Ave

09 th Ave

Wild er St

Anza St

Excels ior Ave

11th St

Post S t

Ulloa St

Laguna St

Shafter Ave

03rd S t

03rd S t

She rid anAve

38th

Ave

Detro

it St

Cor bet t Ave

Fore

s tK

noll s

Dr

Ben

nin

gto

n S

t

Twin

Pea k

sBl

vd

Delma

r St

Ric o Way

Darie n Wa y

Ga rd

ensi

deD

r

Cas a Way

Tre

at A

ve

Collin

s St

Nebr

ask a

St

Mag ellan Ave

Che

ste

r Ave

Ullo

a S

t

Rae A

ve

04th

Ave

Franklin St

Gill

ette

Ave

Re vere Ave

Fitzgerald Ave

Hyde St

Pal om a Av e

Valencia St

Val encia St

Val encia St

M urr ay St

Winding W ay

Mon tcalm St

Curtis St

Dora ntes Ave

Fols om St

Broa dway

Rossi A

ve

Laguna St

Fillmore S

t

Naylor St

Arb or St

Corte

s Ave

Cap ra Wa y

Cesar C havez St

Gene va Ave

Dra keS

t

Bank

s StNewma n St

Devonsh

ire

Way

Donah

ue S

t

Sa nta Mar ina St

Mission S

t

Mission S

t

Mission S

t

Mangels Ave

Jones St

Jones St

04th St

04th S t

L inco

lnB

l vd

Linco

ln B

lvd

Chestnut S t

Ordway St

Vicente St

Lisbo

n St

Lisbo

n St

Ingerson Ave

Wisconsin S

t

Asht

on A

ve

San

Jose

Ave

Sanchez St

San Bruno Ave

Fol som S

t

Fol som S

t

Fol som S

t

Folsom St

Ter ryA

Fr a nc ois

Blv

d

Ramona Av e

Woodward S

t

B rothe rhoo d Way

Ocean Ave

O cean A ve

Ocean Ave

Californi a S t

Ma

llorca

Wa y

Yor k St

Rockawa y Ave

Lincol n W ay

Vicente St

Mount Vernon Ave

Sunnydale Ave

John

s to n

e

D r

De Haro St

Crisp Rd

Burrows St

Santa Ynez Ave

Eucalyptus Dr

19th Ave

Tayl or St

Guerrero St

C li nt o n P a r k

Rosemont Pl

Br o sn a n S t

Dorlan d St

Cumb erla nd St

Syc amore St

Stevenson St

M on tere y B lvd

Di amond Heights Bl vd

Lop

ez

Ave

Californi a S t

Californi a S t

Mari na B lvd

Al em any B l vd

Ale

man

yB

lv d

Union S t

Union S t

Union S t

Bush St

Bush St

Bush St

Guerrero St

Guerrero St

Mo ntec it

oAv

e

Palou Ave

Turk St

Pacif ic Ave

Pacif ic Ave

Pacif ic Ave

Ofarrell St

Ofarrell St

Tayl or St

Ellis S t

Roose

velt W

ay

Marsily S

t

Topaz

Wa

y

Putn

am S

t

Bea conSt

Rip ley St

Del

Vale

Av e

L ai dle ySt

Suns

et B

lvd

Suns

et B

lvd

Suns

et B

lvd

19th

Ave

19th

Ave

19th

Ave

Geary B lvd

Geary B lvd

Lincol n W ay

Mason S

t

Filbert S t

C l arendon Ave

Filbert S t

Filbert S t

Mason S

t

Larki n St

Ellis S t

Ellis S t

Powell St

Towns

end St

Towns

end St

Carolina St

Sutter St

Sutter St

Sutter St

De l S ur Ave

Poin t Lobo s Ave

Bays

hore

Bl v

d

19th

Ave

John M

uir D

r

Earl

St

Mis sionS t

Sky

line

Blv

d

Geary B lvd

Geary B lvd

Geary B lvd

Geary B lvd

Geary B lvd

Rep osa Wa y

Harbor

Rd

New

ton S

t

Mar in St

Cliff ord Ter

Su nnyd al e

Ave

41st

Ave

J oh nM

u i rD r

Brotherh ood Way

Park

Pre

sidi

o B

lvd

Park

Pre

sidi

o B

lvd

A le ma ny B lvd

Al em

any Bl vd

Brya

ntS t

Bryant S

t

Bryant S

t

Mason S

t

Jones St

Jones St

Val lej o St

Leavenworth S

t

Leavenworth S

t

Hyde St

Upper

Ter

Mor se St

Kansas St

De Long S t

El Camino Del Mar

Van Dyke Ave

06th

Ave

06th

Ave

Bay s ho reB

lv d

Skyl

ine

Blv

d

Cla

rend

onA v

e

Argu

ello

Blv

d

Gene va Ave

Gene va Ave

A lema ny

B lvd

La gunaH

ond aBlv d

Market S

t

Market St

Mar

ket

St

Sa

nA

nd

r ea

s

Wa

y

KeithSt

Evan s Ave

Lom bard S t

03rd St

03rd St

03rd St

Wo

od St

Ma rce

laA v

e

Gar cia Ave

J us ti nD

r

Rome St

Congd

on St

15th

Ave

Belvede

re St

Navajo Ave

Man gels Ave

Sant a M on ica Way

Pre

sid

ioTe r

Edg e h i l lW a

y

Magel lanAv e

Laidle

y St

Avila St

Alpine

Ter

Sa n

J acinto

Wa

y

Crau

t St

Columbu s Ave

Gene va Ave

Richardson Ave

Gla

d sto

neD

r

Rolph St

Sotel o

Ave

West Clay St

Ap ollo

St

Chicag o Way

Neva

da S

t

Lombard S t

Ankeny St

Howard St

Howard St

Howard St

How

ard

St

Francisco S t

Silver Ave

Di gby

S t

Dia

mo

nd St

Lak es hore D r

Se ville St

Bonv

iew S

t

St Ger main Ave

Brom

pto

n A

ve

Be ulah St

Jackson St

Pa cific Ave

Cla y St

Dolores S

t

30t h St

Valen

cia St

Noe

St

Noe

St

Noe

St

20t h St

06th S t

Front St

Mon

tgomer y S

t

Kearn

y St

Earl S

t

Leese S

t

Pr ecita Ave

D alewood

Way

Lob os St

R ob inh oo d Dr

Brad

ford

St

Farn

umS

t

P recitaAve

28t h St

Libe rt y St

Alv ar ad o St

21st St

Day St

Libe rt y St

25t h St

Hill St

15t h St

Iris Av

e

Mano

r Dr

Sa rg en t St

Sh ield s St

Pa uld ing St

Cor do

va St

Sc otia Ave

Br uc e Ave

Lak evie w Ave

24t h St

Ba

rcelo

naA

ve

Fair O

aks S

t

Tr eat A

ve

Rankin

St

Selby

St

Ma rip osa St

Gla

dev

iew

Way

Dun can St

Diaz Av e

Fuen

te A

ve

B re nt w oodA

v e

Sh aw ne e Ave

Peru

Ave

17t h St

Shot w

ell St

Shot w

ell St

Day St

Mon tere y B lvd

We

stg

a te

Dr

Car me l St

St Josep

hs A

ve

Alv ar ad o St

Nor t

hga

teD

r

Mou ntain Spring Ave

Belve

dere

St

Lawre nce Ave

Otta wa Ave

Nag lee Ave

Am a zon Ave

Om ar Way

Italy Ave

Ulloa St

Quint S

t

Pa lo Alt o Ave

Ellin

gton

Ave

Par kri dg

eD

r

San

Ans

elm

oA

ve

25t h St

Pano

ram

a D

r

2 5t h St

Mur

ray

St

Gran

t Ave

I nga

l l sS

t

Mo

ntgom

ery S

t

Cayu ga

Ave

Ono nd ag a Av e

Fa rr ag ut Av e

Cre sce nt Av e

Ap ple to n Ave

Ma rip osa St

Ma

dison S

t

26t h St

25t h St

Col

erid

ge S

t

Es

m

e ra l d a Av e

Vasq

uez A

ve

Sa turn St

Key

sto

ne

Wa

y

Buena

Vist a Ter

Harr ison S

t

La G

r an

de A

ve

Fax

on

Ave

A m ethy s t Way

Summ

it St

Lowell S

t

An zavista Ave

Mate o St

Stra

tford

Dr

14

thA

ve

Chene

ry St

Chene ry S

t

Chene ry St

Mi gu elSt

Hanov er St

Castro

St

Coso Ave

Juan Ba utista

Ci r

Dawnvie w Wa y

Thom

as M

ello

n D

r

Sta

rvie

wW

ay

Arr

oyo

Way

28t h St

Mid

cres

t Way

Cesa r Cha ve z St

Granv il le

Wa

y

Gon za lez Dr

Gon

zale

z D

r

Lou

isb

urg

St

Buca

reli D

r

Va lley St

Grijalva

Dr

Fon t Blvd

San Fe

rnan

do W

ay

29t h St

Ma

son ic

Ave

Pow hattan A v e

Su rre y St

Moul

trie

St

Sa lin as Ave

Sa cram ent o St

Appar e l Way

Min er va St

Des

mo

nd S

t

Tiffa

ny A

v e

Dor

ado

Ter

Waw

o naSt

Sa

nta

Pau

laAv

e

Eliz ab eth St 24t h St

23r d St

21st St

Jen nin

gs S

t

Willar d S

t No

rth

Mid

dle P

oint R

d

Au gu sta St

Tap

ia D

r

Se al R ock Dr

Joo st Ave

Pin to Ave

J enni

ngs

S t

Juan

it aW

a y

17t h St

Hun ting

t on

Dr

A lv

iso

St

Hug o St

Laph am Wa y

Con

go S

t

Gutte

nberg S

t

Mission

St

Bemis S

t

Pren

tiss

St

Gate

s St

Merce

d Ave

Fair mou nt St

S outh

Pa rk

Ave

Elsi

e S

t

Eugenia Av e

Cresp i D

r

Cou

ntry

Clu

b D

r

Pros

pect

Ave

Br unswick St

Jackson St

Porte

r St

Dou

glass S

t

Me ndell

St

M a rip osa St

17t h St

17th St

MeadeAve

24t h St

22n d St

Far view

Ct

21s t St

26t h St

S an Mar cos Ave

Casi ta

sA

v e

Eastw

ood

Dr

S tE

lmo

Wa y

Ch

umas

er oD r

Wh

itneyY

oun g

Cir

Pa cific Ave

Garc es Dr

Osh a ughness y Blv d

L ak e

Me

rc ed

Hill

St

Sg t Joh n V You ng St

Gel

lert

Dr

Bluxo

me St

Pierce S

t

Spru

ce S

t

Fa ra llon es St

Ke n woo dWa y

Tin gle y StNo r

thw

oo d

D r

Star r

Ki ng

W ay

Dun can St

Man

z anita

Av

e

Sa

nP

ablo

Ave

Seq u

oia

Wa

y

Goe th e St

Sw ee ny St

Ca mer

o nW

ay

Kal

man

ovit

zS

t

Lydia Ave

V en

usS

t

Lucy

St

Se rr an o Dr

Ply mo

u thAv

e

17 th St

22n d St

26t h St

Jer sey St

19t h St

22n d St

18t h St

23r d St

20t h St

Of arr ell St

New

hal

l S

t

Phelp

s St

Fo ote Ave

Circu lar Ave

18t h St

19t h St

Ag ua Wa y

Pin eh

urst

Way

Ed ward St

Mcc op pin St

Co

lonA

ve

Ba

r nev

eld

Ave

So uthw

oodDr

20t h St

Oce an Ave

Sa do wa St

Chr i

s top

her

Dr

Conco

rd St

Sa ntiag o St

Allison S

t

L i na res Ave

GoldM

ineD

r

Gr ant Av e

Le C onte Ave

CityviewWay

Gri f

f ith

S t

O lym pia Wa y

Whitn

ey S

t

Beac

hmon

t Dr

Park

er A

ve

Cloud C ir

Scie

nce

Cir

Wes

two

odD

r

Clea ry Ct

Cam

bon

Dr

Bro

adm

oor

Dr

Myr a Way

Hest er A

ve

L ansdale

Av e

Blake

St

Lupin e Ave

Sus se xSt

Mullen Ave

Wh

ittier St

B lythd aleAve

Richla nd Ave

Ney St

Ye rb a Bu en a Ave

Ke ns ing ton Wa y

Mo

limo

Dr

16th

Ave

20 th St

Te rraceDr

Hud son Ave

21s t St

S an

Le an d

roW

a y

Mo nta na St

Quint S

t

Va lley St

Shot w

ell St

Julian A

ve

Cap

p St

Cap

p St

Sk y

view

Wa

y

Osh au gh ne ssy Blvd

Fon t Blvd

Tar a

St

Th rift St

Mon te

r eyB

lv d

16th S t

Vela sco Ave

Allston

Way

Av alo n Ave

Se ne ca Ave

26t h St

19t h St

20t h St

Lan

eS t

Keith

St

Lan e

St

Rid

gew

ood

Ave

22n d St

18t h St

Tola

nd S

t

Te rra Vista Av e

U plandD r

Have loc k St

Newh all

St

Pr agu eS t

Florid

a St

Vid al Dr

Beau

mon

t Ave

Alaba

ma S

t

Me lro se Av e

Gra tta n St

Alm a St

Rivoli St

20t h St

Quint S

t

22n d St

Ingall

s St

Ors

i Cir

Ma

rne

Ave

23r d St

26t h St

15t h St

Cast en a daAve

Brew

ster S

t

Ande

rson

St

Fra

ncon

ia S

t

Ellsw

orth

St

Shotw

ell St

Benton A ve

Ar ling

to n St

Ogden Av e

Tomp kins Ave

Jarboe Av e

Holla

day

Ave

St Mar ys Ave

C hav es

Ave

Lipp

ard

Ave

Cla y St

Bach

e St

Keith

St

25t h St

15t h St

Ply

mo

uth

Ave

Phelp

s St

Jen nin

gs S

t

Whip ple Ave

15t h St

24t h St

17t h St

29t h St

Vicksb

ur g St

18t h St

23r d St

19t h St

De

nsl o

we

Dr

How

t h S

t

27t h St

M unic

hS

t

Ala m ed a St

H igh lan d Ave

Rhine S

t

25t h St

Kno

llvi e

wW

ay

Sa

nB

uenav

entura

Way

Elmir a S

t

Dun can St

Foer

ste

r St

Plym

outh

A ve

Mo

ntgom

ery S

t

Lagu

n it as

Dr

Wa

rr en

Dr

R

e

t ir o

Wa

y

Rolph St

Ando

ver S

t

Randa ll St

Boca

na S

t

Gr ee nwo od Ave

Huron

Ave

Ev elyn Wa y

Sic kles Ave

Rankin

St

Me

rr ill St

Pa ul Av e

Lincol n W ay

Lincol n W ay

San J

ose

Ave

P ac h eco

St

Cay

uga

A ve

Nido

Ave

Boy ls ton S

t

Cor tlan d Av e

Roos ev

e l t

Wa y

Whitn

ey S

t

Car

ter S

t

Miss

ion

St

Quinta ra St

Pa checo St

Market S

t

C orb et

t Ave

Ashb

u ry St

Mus e u m

W a y

Ord

St

Maryland St

Dela

war e S

t

Texas St

San B

runo

Ave

Kirkwood Ave

New ha ll St

Bur ke Ave

Argo

nau

t Ave

Cor

a S

t

Del

ta S

t

Bu ckin gh am Way

Burn

ett A

ve

Sc en ic Wa y

Los

Pa

lmos

Dr

W ildwo od Wa y

La g

u n aH

on da

Blvd

Bra zil Ave

SouthHi ll Bl vd

Ath en s S t

Buena

Vista

East

Ave

San Bruno Ave

03rd

St

Barn

eve l

d Ave

Pr ado St

Bay St

Owens St

John F She lle y Dr

Ma rgar

et Av e

Crestmont Dr

Twin

Pea

ksB lv d

Car

riza

l St

We st Po i nt R d

He

atherA

v e

Loom

isSt

S kyl in

eBlv

d

G re at Hw y

Market S

t

Hoope

r St

Irwin

St

Hubbe

ll St

Dakota St

Areli

o us W

alker

Dr

Du n ca n St

Misso uriSt

Mo nte re y Blv d

Pe ter

Yorke

Way

Jeff er son St

Br az il Ave

S ea V iew Ter

New Mo nt gome ry St

Be ac h St

Rosc

oe S

t

Arno

ld A

ve

Ellsw

orth

St

Colle ge Ave

Justin Dr

Josepha A

ve

Alp

ha S

t

Loe

hr S

t

Ke llo ch Ave

Greenwi ch S t

M e rcede sW

ay

Po rtol a Dr

Br ookd ale Ave

Napolean St

Tola

nd S

t

Pa no ra m a D r

Dia

mon

d S

t

05th

Ave

Lake St

Lincol n W ay

Tere sita

Blvd

Mcla ren Ave

Cutler Av e

Rivera St

B rotherhoo d Way

Hig uer a Ave

Vidal D r

Div is ion St

Franklin St

NicholsW

a y

Silver Ave

Octa

via Bl vd

Ma r k e t St

Malta Dr

M ar ina Blvd

Argu

ello

Blv

d

Wisconsin S

t

The City and County of San Francisco (CCSF) does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, completeness or usefulnessof any information. CCSF provides this information on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, and assumes no responsibility for anyone's use of the information. San Mateo County

NOTE:The Expanded Maher Area is comprised of the following:- Maher Area- Areas currently or previously zoned as industrial- Areas currently or previously with industrial land uses- Areas within 150ft of Highway 101, Interstate 80 or Interstate 280- Areas of bay fill- Areas within 100ft of a known hazardous waste site (Geotracker/EnviroStor)- Areas within 100ft of an underground storage tank

CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCOPLANNING DEPARTMENT

Expanded Maher AreaMarch 2015

0 10.5 Mile $

Adopted from the March 2015 San Francisco Planning Department Expanded Maher Area map. Available from http://sf-planning.org

Area of Blue Greenway



27AECOM

Maher Program

The main steps for the Maher program are listed below and shown on the decision flow chart:

1. A site history must be submitted for review and it will be determined whether you comply with section 22A or need to submit further documents. If the site history has no record of hazardous substances in the soil or ground water, the Director of Public Health or Environmental Health staff will provide you with a letter and copy the Director of Building Inspections that you have complied with the requirements of Article 22A and no further Maher related work is required.

2. A work plan for a subsurface investigation must be submitted to the Director of Health or the Environmental Health staff approval. The Director or Environmental Health staff will review the work plan and determine if the work plan meets the requirements found within Article 22A. After the work plan is approved, the work plan is implemented. A subsurface investigation report describes the work plan implementation and the analytical results of the sampling.

3. If the subsurface investigation report indicates that soil or groundwater samples have hazardous substances present, a site mitigation plan describing handling, management and mitigation of the contamination will be prepared and submitted to DPH Environmental Health for approval. The site mitigation plan shall be completed by a qualified person.

4. Implement the approved site mitigation plan.

5. A final project report describing site mitigation plan implementation and providing material disposal documentation must be submitted with a Maher certification statement. The Director will then provide a notification that the applicant has completed and complied with Article 22A.

Building Code Sections 106A.3.2.4.1, 106A.3.2.4.2, and 106A.3.2.4.4 and Health Code Article 22A

Does the site history indicate that hazardous substances may be present

in the soil or groundwater at concentrations exceeding either the

Department of Toxic Substances Control’s or Regional Water Quality Control Board's health risk levels, or other applicable standards, given the

intended use?***

* Completing a deed restriction may be needed

February 2014

NOYES

YESNO

YES

YES

NO

Were there hazardous substances present?

1) Submit Site Mitigation Plan for DPH review and approval.2) Implement approved Site Mitigation Plan.

YES

Are the Final Report and Certification approved?*

The Director shall provide the applicant and the Director of Building Inspection

with written notification that the applicant has complied with the

requirements of this Article or a waiver from further Maher requirements.

Submit:1) Work Plan for Analysis of Sampled Soil and/or Groundwater. 2) Subsurface Analyses Report for DPH review and approval.

Not Subject to Article 22A of the

Health Code

Are you applying for a Building or Grading Permit which involves the disturbance of at least 50 cubic yards (38.23 m3) of soil within the

designated Article 22A area or meets other Maher criteria?**

NO 1. Has the property been continuously zoned as residential under the City

Planning Code since 1921?2. Has it been in residential use since that

time? AND 3. No evidence has been presented to create a reasonable belief that the soil

and/or groundwater may contain hazardous substances?

YES

Submit Final Report and Certification Statement for DPH review and approval.

NO

** Prior industrial use, sensitive receptor use, within 100 feet of a current or former underground tank, within 150 feet of a current or former elevated roadway.

*** A Phase I ESA may not provide enough information to make this decision.

Image from San Francisco Department of Public Health



28 AECOM

During site restoration and revegetation activities at contaminated sites along the Blue Greenway, consideration to the protection of site construction workers and the general public must be taken into consideration.

If a Site Mitigation Plan is developed and implemented under the Maher Program these elements are typically addressed through the development of a site specific health and safety plan for site construction activities to address potential exposure to contaminants, and the implementation of dust control and stormwater runoff control measures to mitigate the generation of fugitive dust and potentially contaminated stormwater discharge.

If contaminants are left in place onsite as part of the selected remedy, they are typically hard capped (concrete or asphalt) or covered with a sufficient soft cap (soil cap or vegetation) to mitigate the risk of exposure to remaining contaminants to site users. Typically a demarcation barrier is placed to indicate the transition from clean material into contaminated material so this transition can be readily identified.

Sites having contaminants that are left in place as part of the final remedy will often have a land use covenant, restricting the type of land use based on the nature and degree of remaining contamination, as well as other site restrictions (e.g. no use of site groundwater, no vegetable or fruit growing, etc.). The land use covenant typically requires the development of a materials management plan that identifies the area(s) where contaminants remain onsite and the measures to implement for managing and handling contaminated soil that may be encountered during future site work.

With the exception of the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard and the Yosemite Slough, the US EPA is not the regulatory oversight agency for cleanup of contaminated properties along the Blue Greenway alignment. Public, private, and nonprofit entities working to cleanup and revegetate brownfield sites along the Blue Greenway work with the San Francisco DPH as well as other potential regulatory stakeholders that may include the California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) or the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB).

900 Innes AvenuePhoto by Erik Skov

Contaminated Site Restoration and Revegetation



29AECOM

Areas that are built on shallow Bay fill are at higher risk because rising sea levels may influence groundwater levels and result in increased subsidence and liquefaction hazards.12

Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) is the average of the higher daily tide measured over several years (called the National Tidal Datum Epoch), using nearby tide stations. The existing MHHW level along the Blue Greenway is 6.55’ NAVD88. By mid-century, the upper end sea level rise scenario is projected to rise 24”, increasing the sea level along the Blue Greenway to 8.55’ NAVD88. By late century, the upper end sea level rise scenario projected water level is expected to rise an additional 66”, to 12.05’ NAVD88.13

Proper planning and restoration is essential to ensure the safety of residents and properties that are vulnerable to sea level rise along the Blue Greenway corridor. Addressing contaminated areas now, along with implementing climate-smart restoration techniques will reduce these potential impacts.

The changing climate is projected to bring hotter, drier summers and potentially wetter winters in northern California, with more precipitation falling as rain rather than snow in the Sierra Nevada mountains. More extreme events—drought, heavy rainfall and flooding events, wildfires, and changes to nature’s environmental clock—are expected. These regional changes will mean differences in San Francisco’s water supply, changes to seasonal timelines, and an increase in extreme events, such as storm surge and wave events, flooding, and permanent inundation of wetlands and waterfront areas.

FutureClimate Change

11 Climate change and Sea Level Rise: Impacts on Bayview Hunters Point. Prepared by Greenaction. 201712 National Research Council. 2012. Sea level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington: Past, Present, and Future. Prepared by the Committee on Sea Level Rise in California, Oregon, and Washington and the National Research Council Board on Earth Sciences and Resources and Ocean Studies Board Division on Earth and Life Studies. March 2015. 13 Climate Stressors and Impacts: Bayside Sea Level Rise Mapping Final Technical Memorandum. Prepared for: SFPUC; Prepared by: Sewer System Improvement Program Program Management Consultant CS-165 (AECOM)

Sea Level Rise

Year Projections Ranges

2030 6 ± 2 in 2 to 12 in

2050 11 ± 4 in* 5 to 24 in

2100 36 ± 10 in 17 to 66 in

Factors Affecting

Water Level

Typical Range CCSF

Pacific Shorelinea

Typical Range

CCSF Bay Shorelineb

Period of Influence

Frequency

Tides 5 to 7 ft 5 to 7 ft Hours Twice daily

Storm Surge

0.5 to 3 ft 0.5 to 3 ft Days Several times a year

Storm Waves

10 to 30 ft 1 to 4 ft Hours Several times a year

El Ninos (within the

ENSO cycle)

0.5 to 3 ft 0.5 to 3 ft Months to Years

2 to 7 years

Table 1: Sea Level Rise Estimates for San Francisco Relative to the Year 200012

Table 2: Factors That Influence Local Water Level Conditions in Addition to Sea Level Rise12

* As a simplifying assumption, the 2050 most likely value selected for the inundation mapping effort is 12 inches rather than the 11 inch value noted in the table.

a Baker and AECOM. 2012. Intermediate Data Submittal #1: Scoping and Data Review. San Francisco County, California. California Coastal Analysis and Mapping Project / Open Pacific Coast Study. Federal Emergency Management Agency Region IX.b DHI. 2010. Regional Coastal Hazard Modeling Study for North and Central Bay. Prepared for Federal Emergency Management Agency, September.

Sea levels are projected to rise globally, which will have local effects on the Blue Greenway. Sea level rise and flooding endangers resources such as electric utilities, storm water and waste water systems, transportation, human, and natural systems. Along the Blue Greenway, contaminated properties along the shoreline are at risk of flooding, which could further expose the human, plant, and animal communities to contamination or hazardous materials.11


30 AECOM

Projections are based on National Research Council, 2012.12

Projected Sea Level Rise in 2050 and 2100

Sea Level Rise Mapping: Year 2050 Sea Level Rise Mapping: Year 2100

Map by AECOM Map by AECOM

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Source: Sea level rise scenarios are derivedfrom SFPUC SSIP Bayside InundationMapping Project, SFPUC/AECOM, 2015; SanFrancisco Parks Aliance, 2015;ESRI Imagery, 2016

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Source: Sea level rise scenarios are derivedfrom SFPUC SSIP Bayside InundationMapping Project, SFPUC/AECOM, 2015; SanFrancisco Parks Aliance, 2015;ESRI Imagery, 2016

Future


31AECOM

As the climate changes, plants and wildlife must adapt to their new environment or move to a more suitable environment, or they will not persist. Creating transitional habitats and connecting natural corridors along the Blue Greenway will help various species withstand climate change and other environmental stressors; this adaptation is forward-looking and climate-smart.

Designing the Blue Greenway to be climate resilient will involve taking into account species tolerance, corridor connectivity, and access to inland habitat migration with sea level rise:

a. Species Tolerance

Every species has a specific range of climate variables that it requires (e.g., temperature, water). Species with broader climate tolerances that can withstand temperature and precipitation extremes will be more resilient to climate change. Many California native plants have these traits, because they have evolved in California’s dynamic wet winters and hot dry summers (see the plant list for details).

b. Corridor Connectivity

Creating habitat connectivity in the face of climate change will provide all species—both plants and wildlife—with opportunities to move across the landscape. This connectivity will increase in importance as pressures from the changing climate cause each species to move further to find mates, food sources, and suitable microclimate environments.

c. Transitional Habitat to Respond to Sea Level Rise

As the sea level rises, the sea water will inundate existing habitats and the bay shoreline and elevation will change. Species that live along the shoreline will need to adapt towards wetter conditions or move upslope/inland to survive. To assist this process, we can consider these processes during design. Mild slopes and wide shorelines allow plant species, that provide forage and cover for wildlife species, an opportunity to slowly migrate upslope in advance of complete inundation.

Climate-Smart conservation addresses climate change impacts and other threats by using nature-based approaches to:15

• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions;

• Enhance the benefits nature provides to humans—clean air, fresh water, fisheries, pollination, recreation, and climate and flood control; and

• Improve the abilities of wildlife and people to adapt to the rapidly changing climate.

Climate-Smart conservation:16

• adapts and is flexible and can respond to change;

• avoids maladaptation and unintended consequences; and

• provides mitigation benefit (sequesters carbon).

Climate Adaptation

Future

14 Stein, B. A., P. Glick, N. Edelson, and A. Staudt (editors). 2014. Climate-Smart Conservation: Putting Adaptation Principles into Practice. National Wildlife Federation, Washington, DC15 Point Blue Conservation Science. 2017. Climate-Smart Conservation and Climate-Smart Restoration. Available: http://www.pointblue.org/priorities/climate-smart-conservation/.16 Adopted from: Hutto, S. V., editor. 2016. Climate-Smart Adaptation for North-central California Coastal Habitats. Report of the Climate-Smart Adaptation Working Group of the Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council. San Francisco, CA.

Climate-smart: The intentional and deliberate consideration of climate change in natural resource management, realized through adopting forward-looking goals and explicitly linking strategies to key climate impacts and vulnerabilities.14

Climate-smart plant species are best to use in revegetation of the Blue Greenway.


32 AECOM

Planned Redevelopment

Mission Bay

Hunters Point Shipyard andCandlestick Point (Phase 2)Hunters Point Shipyard andCandlestick Point (Phase 2)Hunters Point Shipyard andCandlestick Point (Phase 2)

San FranciscoShipyard

700 Innes

900 Innes/India BasinShoreline Park

Potrero Power Plant

Pier 70Pier 70

Golden State WarriorsChase Center

Mission RockAnd Pier 48

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San Francisco Blue Greenway:Current Redevelopment Efforts


Map of planned redevelopments along the Blue GreenwayMap by AECOM

Displayed in the figure below are redevelopment projects which are already planned or underway along the Blue Greenway.


33AECOM

Photo by AECOM

AECOM

PART III GUIDELINES

REVEGETATION GUIDELINES:

GENERAL

SHORELINE

URBAN PARKS

DEVELOPED AREAS

A

C

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35AECOM

Part III of this guide provides specific guidelines for the revegetation of shorelines, urban parks, and developed areas impacted by contamination that can be found along the Blue Greenway. The revegetation goals differ between each of these land cover types based on their intended use and unique potential. Detailed revegetation guidelines for shoreline areas focus on native species habitat restoration and shoreline stabilization; detailed guidelines for urban parks focus on improving the public experience, water quality, and habitat; and developed areas include improving public access, connectivity, and remediating contaminated lands.

REVEGETATION GUIDELINES

01 Herons Head ParkPhoto by torbakhopper via Flickr02 Yosemite Slough and the surroundings. Photo via Google Earth

01

02


36 AECOM

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P P P PCalifornia State ParksP P P P

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San Francisco Blue Greenway:Existing Green Space

Source: San Francisco Rec and Parks, 2016;Nature in the City, 2016; San Francisco Parks Aliance, 2015; ESRI Imagery, 2016

Map of existing green spaces along the Blue GreenwayMap by AECOM


37AECOM

i. Set Goals and Design for the End UserFormulate goals during the inception of a project that are geared toward the end-user of the space being restored or developed. Track those goals frequently during the planning stages of a project to make sure the project stays true to its intended purpose and community needs. Engage stakeholders and nurseries early to ensure a smooth project process from conception through build.

ii. Form a Multi-Disciplinary Team

Involve experts to ensure a successful revegetation project, including restoration ecologists, climate-change ecologists, geotechnical engineers, botanists, biologists, hydrologists, stakeholders, and the local community.

iii. Plan and Fund Long-Term Management Ensure that sufficient resources are secured for long-term management of revegetation sites during the early planning phases of a project. Funds should be set aside for activities such as managing weeds, replanting failed plantings, removing informal trails, and repairing shoreline erosion. Because of the prevalence of non-native and invasive species within and adjacent to properties along the Blue Greenway, weed management will be crucial for successful revegetation. Responsible parties should be identified for weed removal and replanting of natives as necessary for a period of no less than 5 years.

iv. Educate and Foster Community StewardshipThe shoreline is an ideal location to foster community stewardship and to educate the public about the environment and native habitats along the Blue Greenway. Diverse populations utilizing the corridor may otherwise not have exposure to natural landscapes. Incorporate signage where possible with information on habitat value, water conservation, and stewardship. Use the community engagement process to identify local residents who could engage in long-term maintenance, restoration and planting/gardening projects, cleanup projects, and community education programs.

v. Learn from Other ProjectsResearch current and past project along the Blue Greenway and elsewhere to learn from their successes and mistakes. Refine your planting palette and planting methods based on which plants performed well in adjacent planting and restoration projects.

TeamA1

$ $$

Revegetation Guidelines: GeneralA

A strong team will increase efficiency in the restoration and development process, and ensure a project is implemented to the highest standards.


38 AECOM

i. Preserve Natural Habitat AreasThe preservation of large parcels of land can provide habitat for terrestrial birds, small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and butterflies. In contrast, intensive landscaping and recreational use will reduce the value of these areas to native wildlife. Keeping some areas along the Blue Greenway wild is important. Establishing trails through undeveloped parcels and managing for invasive plants, may help minimize disturbance.17

ii. Design to the Correct Elevation Tidal systems depend on proper elevation to be successful. Consider the elevation tolerances and hydrologic needs of the species being planted and whether settlement is anticipated, or sediment accumulation is likely.

iii. Plan Transitional Habitat for Climate Change and Sea Level RiseTransitional habitat between shoreline wetlands and uplands should be maximized to the extent feasible, based on the space constrictions of the site, to allow wetland migration with sea level rise. This will provide the natural landscape with opportunity for adaptation. This includes connecting the wetland and upland habitats with low-gradient slopes (e.g., 10:1) and planting Facultative Wetland (as defined by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) plant species with broader moisture tolerance. Shallow slopes protect shoreline from erosion and wave energy and allow transition species to thrive at their natural elevations above sea level. Example species are noted in the plant list. Vegetation and transition zones should be determined using elevation and hydrologic regime. Overlap planting of wetland and upland vegetation zones and plant species based on the existing site conditions.

iv. Provide Wildlife CorridorsThe Blue Greenway, generally located along the San Francisco shoreline, is a critical corridor for wildlife movement and migration. Development along the Blue Greenway should consider incorporating vegetation that provides habitats for species to use for cover, forage, nesting, and promoting pollinators. The San Francisco Green Connections Design Toolkit,18 as well as this guide, should be used to develop plans that improve connectivity for wildlife throughout the city.

v. Include Structural HabitatIncorporate structural habitat elements into the project design to attract wildlife, including nest boxes, bird blinds, green walls, and roof gardens and parks. In addition, incorporate elements that detract certain wildlife from areas focused on human use, such as geese deterrents. In attracting wildlife to more urban areas, ensure that structures are designed using the San Francisco Planning Department Standards for Bird Safe Buildings to minimize the risk of bird strikes.19

Planning and DesignA2

17 Refer to the LSA Yosemite Slough Watershed Wildlife Survey 2003-200418 http://www.sf-planning.org/ftp/files/Citywide/green_connections/Green-Connections-Final-Report_CH5-Design-Toolkit.pdf19 San Francisco Planning Department Standards for Bird Safe Buildings: http://sf-planning.org

Revegetation Guidelines: General

Goal setting and planning is critical to the success of a restoration or development project.


39AECOM

i. Plant NativesPrioritize planting native species over non-native ornamental vegetation. Native plants are adapted to the local environmental conditions and require fewer resources to establish and maintain. Native vegetation also provides habitat for native wildlife species and serve to connect habitat along the Blue Greenway. Select native plants carefully, considering soil texture, slope aspect, hydrology and light preferences. Do not plant non-native ornamental species listed in Cal-IPC database.20 Use the Plant List provided in this guide and reference the San Francisco Plant Finder tool.21

ii. Plant Species with Multiple Functions

As detailed in the Planting List, plant species can serve numerous functions, such as providing wildlife habitat, remediation and bio-filtration, protection of water and air quality, drought resistance, erosion control, and aesthetic appeal. Species that serve several of these functions should be planted so that the plant communities can benefit humans and wildlife, water, and soil quality simultaneously.

iii. Plant from Seed or Clean Nursery Stock to Prevent Introduction of Pathogens

Plant pathogen (e.g., Phytophthora spp.) are becoming widespread in nurseries and can weaken or kill plants and spread to existing native vegetation. If contaminated nursery stock is out-planted, then revegetation efforts may fail and native habitat may become contaminated. Ways to limit the risk of introducing plant pathogens to revegetation sites include: planting from locally collected seed and divisions rather than container stock, inspecting nurseries to ensure that they are following Best Management Practices for reducing the spread of pathogens, testing container stock for pathogens prior to outplanting, and decontaminating boots, vehicles, and tools during site preparation, site implementation, and site maintenance. These practices also aid in reducing the spread of invasive weeds.22

iv. Increase Vegetation Cover and Habitat Features Increasing the vegetative cover and providing other cover features, such as rock piles and brush piles, will improve habitat value and encourage wildlife use. For example, rock piles may provide habitat for burrowing owls, which historically have occupied the Blue Greenway. Cover features provide refuge for mitigating species and helps species, such as the endangered salt marsh harvest mouse, escape predation. Providing additional cover on the undeveloped parcels will be particularly important if debris and trash are removed, as this material currently provides cover for wildlife.23

Site Preparation and PlantingA3 Revegetation Guidelines: General

20 California Invasive Plant Council - Invasive Species Database: http://www.cal-ipc.org National Wildlife Federation, Washington, DC21 San Francisco Plant Finder Tool: www.sfplantfinder.org22 www.calphytos.org23 Refer to the LSA Yosemite Slough Watershed Wildlife Survey 2003-2004

There are many steps involved in planting a site; however, the following guidelines assist in ensuring success, thereby reducing plant failure and additional planting costs.


40 AECOM

Site Preparation and PlantingA3 Revegetation Guidelines: General

v. Source LocallyPlants sourced from local populations and grown in local nurseries will be better adapted to the soil and climate of the Blue Greenway. Identify nursery stock, divisions, and/or native seed that are sourced from naturally occurring local populations. When possible, seed for nursery stock should be collected from San Francisco or San Mateo counties. Often, seed can be collected and plants can be salvaged from sites before the start of construction. It is important to plan far in advance to contract local nurseries to grow desired species and coordinate grow specifications. Local nurseries include, but are not limited to Bay Natives Nursery, Candlestick Point Native Plant Nursery at Yosemite Slough, Sutro Stewards Native Plant Nursery, and Yerba Buena Nursery.

vi. Control Weeds Early and Throughout EstablishmentIf planting in soil that contains large amounts of weed seeds, consider irrigating the sites for up to three weeks to germinate the existing seedbank, and then till or hand pull weed seedlings. Target species that have a high or moderate Cal IPC Rating.24 Repeat at least twice before planting native species. In addition, plan for weekly or bi-weekly weed removal during the plant establishment phase, which is typically the first year after planting. Many invasive and native seeds can survive in the soil for multiple years; these methods exhaust the seed bank so that invasive seeds do not naturally recruit as the native plants establish, and avoid the use of pre-emergence herbicides.

vii. Provide Supplemental Irrigation As Appropriate for All Plantings Although many Bay Area species are drought tolerant once established, supplemental irrigation during the first two to three years after planting can greatly increase their survival rate and save the cost of new plants acquisition, re-planting, and other associated expenses. Irrigate with non-potable water. Irrigation frequency and duration should be based on the plant community. Adjust irrigation based on soil infiltration rate, temperature and precipitation, and reduce irrigation gradually. Wetland and riparian plants especially benefit from overhead irrigation because many of them are rhizomatous; aerial irrigation allows them to expand laterally and form a dense network of roots. It is critical that a strong root network develop in contact with the ground water table to increase the chance of long-term survival. Upland species are better suited for drip irrigation because many of them are susceptible to fungal diseases, which are exacerbated during the warm season with overhead irrigation.

viii. Prepare Soil Before implementing any revegetation project, the site should be prepared properly to ensure restoration success. Soils should be analyzed for texture, salinity, nutrient content, and contamination before selecting the planting palette and the need for soil amendments. Much of the Blue Greenway is on fill material, which may have become affected by or contaminated from heavy industrial use. Soils may need to be remediated, replaced, capped, decompacted, or amended to establish plantings. Depending on habitat, the top 12 inches of soil should be decompacted. Native soils with native vegetation should not be disturbed.

24 Refer to the LSA Yosemite Slough Watershed Wildlife Survey 2003-2004


41AECOM

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4Th

St

Harrison St

Mariposa

St Oakdale

Ave

2Nd

St

Gilman Ave

Palou Ave

The Emba rcad ero Ingal ls St

Spear Ave

Fischer Ave

CesarChavez

16Th St

Crisp

Rd

Townsend St

Innes Ave

101

280

80


Bay View Park

Heron'sHead Park

Pier 94Wetlands


YosemiteSlough

Warm WaterCove Park




Islais Creek Park

Tulare Park

Agua VistaPark

BayviewGateway

ChinaBasin Park

Bay FrontPark


1

35

24

82

123

101

580

280

980880

Pacific OceanS a n


SanFrancisco

Oakland

Berkeley

Pacifica

San Bruno

Richmond

Alameda

Daly City

South San Francisco

Albany

ElCerrito

Colma

Millbrae

Mill Valley

Map Location0 5

Mi

0 0.25 0.5Miles

°


P P P P

P P P P

P P P PExisting Park/Green SpaceLand Cover Type

P P P P

P P P P

P P P PDeveloped

P P P P

P P P P

P P P PShoreline

P P P P

P P P PUrban Park

San Francisco Blue Greenway:Land Cover Types



42 AECOM

King

St

3Rd St

Evans

Ave

3Rd St

1St St

Jerro

ldAve

18Th St

4Th

St

Harrison St

Mariposa

St Oakdale

Ave

2Nd

St

Gilman Ave

Palou Ave

The Emba rcad ero Ingal ls St

Spear Ave

Fischer Ave

CesarChavez

16Th St

Crisp

Rd

Townsend St

Innes Ave

101

280

80


Bay View Park

Heron'sHead Park

Pier 94Wetlands


YosemiteSlough

Warm WaterCove Park




Islais Creek Park

Tulare Park

Agua VistaPark

BayviewGateway

ChinaBasin Park

Bay FrontPark


1

35

24

82

123

101

580

280

980880

Pacific OceanS a n


SanFrancisco

Oakland

Berkeley

Pacifica

San Bruno

Richmond

Alameda

Daly City

South San Francisco

Albany

ElCerrito

Colma

Millbrae

Mill Valley

Map Location0 5

Mi

0 0.25 0.5Miles

°


P P P P

P P P P

P P P PExisting Park/Green SpaceLand Cover Type

P P P P

P P P P

P P P PDeveloped

P P P P

P P P P

P P P PShoreline

P P P P

P P P PUrban Park

San Francisco Blue Greenway:Land Cover Types


Map of vegetation types along the Blue GreenwayMap by AECOM


43AECOM

Revegetation Guidelines: ShorelineB

Whenever possible, establishing natural vegetation communities along the Blue Greenway is the preferred approach for controlling erosion and protecting shorelines. Although installing riprap may be an effective method for dealing with shoreline erosion, steep shoreline slopes, and wave energy, riprap does not provide high-quality habitat for wildlife, water quality benefits, or the aesthetic appeal of vegetation. In addition, riprap may not be appropriate to install in areas that have contaminated soils.

Vegetated shorelines may require a wider vegetation bench and shallower slope, compared to riprap, to dissipate wave energy and support the viability and resilience of the plant community. Therefore, for shorelines that already are steeply sloped, grading and/or filling may be required to achieve a more gradual slope. Where establishment of a wider bench is not possible because of existing constraints, a combination of vegetative stabilization techniques and riprap, or planting within riprap is preferable to installing or maintaining existing bare riprap.25

Restoration Objective: Stabilize ShorelineB1

25 For further guidance on this topic, refer to the BCDC report, Protecting Shoreline Property from Tidal Erosion: An Analysis of the Effectiveness and Environmental Impacts of Administratively Authorized Protective Structures.

Representation of riprap to stabilize shorelinePhoto by AECOM


44 AECOM

The shoreline of the San Francisco Bay has been heavily developed, and native vegetation communities that once were prevalent along the southeastern shoreline of the San Francisco peninsula now are rare and fragmented. Therefore, many species that once occupied these habitats—including Ridgway’s rail, California black rail, California least tern, salt marsh harvest mouse, green sturgeon, and protected salmonids—have become locally rare or extirpated.

Restoration of natural habitats, focusing on tidal marsh, beaches, and dunes along the shoreline, has the potential to dramatically increase the quality of habitat for threatened, endangered, and common species.

Restoration Objective: Improve Habitat and Habitat ConnectivityB2

Revegetation Guidelines: Shoreline

01 Ridgway’s railPhoto by Michael Pazzani via Flickr02 Green sturgeonPhoto by A.T. Vorob’ov of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fishery and Oceanography (VNIRO)03 California least ternPhoto by U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Pacific Southwest Region04 Salt marsh harvest mousePhoto by U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)

01

03

04

02


45AECOM

Restoration Objective: Improve Habitat and Habitat ConnectivityB2


a. Tidal Marsh Restoration

i. The majority of threatened and endangered species that inhabit the San Francisco shoreline rely on tidal marsh vegetation. For example, salt marsh harvest mouse uses pickleweed as its primary source of forage and cover, and Ridgway’s rail generally nests in tall stands of cordgrass. Only small patches of tidal marsh vegetation exist along the Blue Greenway, most of which are from mitigation or restoration projects (e.g. Heron’s Head Park), which currently do not, or only marginally support these special-status species.

ii. The transition zone between upland areas and tidal marshlands should be graded and planted appropriately:

• The slope that transitions tidal marsh areas to upland areas should be as shallow as spatial restrictions allow, to protect the tidal marsh from erosion and wave energy, and to allow transition species to thrive at their natural elevations above Mean Sea Level.

• Shallow slopes are recommended for tidal marsh resilience. As sea levels rise, if transition slopes are too steep, then certain communities within the tidal marsh may disappear entirely. With a shallower slope, tidal marsh vegetation can move up the transition zone as the sea level rises.

• Species planting in tidal marsh will be a spectrum along minute changes in elevation:

• between mean higher high tide and extreme high tides—transition zone tidal marsh plants, such a saltgrass

• between mean high tide and mean higher high tide—pickleweed

• between mean sea level and mean high tide—cordgrass

• When possible, plant species to target the recovery of threatened and endangered wildlife. For example, Ridgway’s rail requires large stands of cordgrass for nesting, and salt marsh harvest mouse requires large areas of pickleweed with access to vegetated upland areas for refuge during high tide.

• Separate tidal marsh areas from tree groves, and avoid planting trees adjacent to tidal marsh habitat. Trees, although desirable for shade, aesthetics, and bird habitat, also provide perches for predatory birds (raptors) of native tidal marsh species, such as salt marsh harvest mouse.

The restoration of tidal marsh habitat is arguably the most valuable and effective method for improving wildlife habitat along the Blue Greenway

Tidal MarshPhoto by AECOM


46 AECOM


Low Zone*2.0’ - 3.1’ 3.1’ - 3.7’ 3.7’ - 4.7’ 4.7’ - 5.4’

5.4’ - Higher

Middle Zone* High Zone* Coastal Scrub* Native Grassland / Oak Woodland*

Bay Trail

Run-off

Potential Trail MaterialsA

Decomposed Granite

Middle Zone SpeciesJaumea carnosa,Salicornia pacifica

Low Zone SpeciesBolboschoenus [Scirpus] maritimus,

Spartina foliosa

High Zone SpeciesDistichlis spicata,Frankenia salina,

Grindelia stricta var. angustifolia,Limonium californicum,

Triglochin maritima

Native Grassland SpeciesAchillea millefolium,

Chlorogalum pomeridianum,Danthonia californica, Lasthenia californica,

Stipa lepida,Stipa pulchra,Triteleia laxa

Native Woodland SpeciesAesculus californica,

Heteromeles arbutifolia, Quercus agrifolia,

Umbellularia californica

Coastal Scrub SpeciesArtemesia californica,

Baccharis pilularis, Ceanothus thyrsiflorus,Eriogonum latifolium, Frangula californica,Mimulus aurantiacus,

Salvia spathacea

Infiltration

A Reference the Bay Trail Guidelines to choose trail substrate: http://baytrail.org.* All zone elevations are in NAVD88


47AECOM

b. Enhance Habitat Connectivity

i. Tidal marsh and beach/dune habitat should be connected to transitional and upland habitats as much as possible, or should be planned for connectivity with habitat in future development or restoration projects. Proper project siting can ensure connectivity is included during design and planning phases.

ii. For locations where no vegetative bench is possible because of severe spatial constraints, planting native species within riprap can provide a narrow corridor of habitat connectivity for wildlife to use as cover while migrating or dispersing along the shoreline to larger patches of suitable habitat.

iii. Whenever possible, avoid leaving in place or designing shoreline with no vegetative cover. A complete lack of vegetation cover along sections of shoreline prevents certain species, such as salt marsh harvest mouse, from dispersing between larger patches of habitat, and can result in reduced genetic diversity and local extirpation of threatened and endangered species.

c. Design Shoreline Habitat to Minimize Impacts from Pedestrians and Bikers

Establish protective barriers, preferably of native vegetation, that exclude pedestrians and bikers from habitat intended for wildlife recovery, especially with regard to tidal marsh and beach/dune habitat. Special-status species generally are averse to human presence and noise, and many types of shoreline vegetation are sensitive to human traffic. The installation of appropriate upland plant communities, such as dense coastal scrub, can act as physical, visual, and auditory buffers between areas planned for recreation and areas planned for habitat restoration.26

26 For further guidance on this topic, refer to the BCDC report, Public Access and Wildlife Compatibility.27 BCDC Bay Plan Recreation Policy: http://www.bcdc.ca.gov.

A greater quantity of connected habitat will result in higher quality habitat

Along the Blue Greenway, design the Bay Trail to occur as far inland as possible, to allow a wide shoreline margin for habitat. Replacing developed, undeveloped, or riprapped shoreline with tidal marsh or coastal beaches/dunes will increase the visual aesthetic for recreational visitors using the Bay Trail. Provide designated water access for pedestrians and bikers. For additional guidance to improve recreation and public access experience, please reference the BCDC Bay Plan Recreation Policy.27

The establishment of tidal marsh or coastal beach/dune vegetation through planting will result in a higher quality filtration system that decreases the amount of pollutants that enter the Bay via surface waters. Where trails and roadways occur near the shoreline, use porous surfaces where feasible to reduce runoff of contaminants.

Restoration Objective: Improve Habitat and Habitat Connectivity

Restoration Objective: Improve Public Access Experience

Restoration Objective: Protect Water QualityB2

B3

B4

Coastal Beach and DunePhoto by AECOM


48 AECOM

Revegetation Guidelines: Urban ParksC

a. Habitat

Guide pedestrians and bikers along planned routes using vegetation. Ensure that access points to the shoreline and viewing locations are available to the public, so that unplanned foot traffic does not result in trampled vegetation and degraded habitat.

b. Seedlings

During initial restoration activities of native vegetation, fence vegetation communities until they are well established and dense enough to detract foot traffic.

Wildlife habitat and native vegetation should be incorporated within and along the boundaries of urban parks, whenever feasible.

a. Provide Multifunctional Recreation

Urban parks should provide multifunctional recreation opportunities following the guiding principles in the Recreation and Open Space element of the City of San Francisco’s General Plan. Include community gardens, aroma gardens, and habitat gardens within park spaces to provide valuable wildlife forage and nectar sources as well as recreation.

Construct bike and jogging paths with porous surfaces or using boardwalks to limit runoff and compaction. Surround picnic facilities and sporting fields with native trees and landscaping. Use native vegetation to direct and confine pedestrian traffic to established walkways and kayak launches.

b. Enhance Aesthetics

When choosing plants for urban parks consider the view and whether bay views or screenings are desired.

Plant dense, low-growing (less than 4 foot in height) coastal scrub vegetation to preserve bay views and benefit wildlife by discouraging informal trails to the shoreline. Consult with nurseries for recommendations on variants of native species (e.g., coyote brush, ceanothus, manzanita) that grow prostrate (outward along the ground) rather than erect (upward). In areas adjacent to prime wildlife habitat, plant tall, dense vegetation to serve as a visual screen and reduce the impact of recreational users on nesting and foraging wildlife species. Screening vegetation can also be used to block the built environment and improve the user experience.

Restoration Objective: Improve Habitat and Habitat Connectivity

Restoration Objective: Improve Public Access Experience and Foster Community and Stewardship

C1 C2

Photo by Chris Doig via Wikipedia


49AECOM

Revegetation Guidelines: Urban Parks

Planted Riprap Bioswale Coastal Scrub

Bioswale Paved Roadway and SidewalksNative Grassland

Bay TrailOption for Permeable SurfaceOption for

Permeable Surface

Opportunity for Phytoremediation bacteria

Shoreline TreesAcer negundo ssp. californicum,

Salix laevigat, Salix lasiolepis

Bioretention PlantsArtemisia douglasiana,

Bolboschoenus maritimus, Deschampsia cespitosa,

Juncus effusus, Juncus patens,

Sisyrinchium bellum

Planted Riprap Species

Baccharis douglasii,Grindelia stricta var.

angustifolia,Jaumea carnosa,

Limonium californicum, Salicornia pacifica

Native Woodland SpeciesAesculus californica,

Heteromeles arbutifolia,Quercus agrifolia,

Umbellularia californica


50 AECOM

Revegetation Guidelines: Urban Parks

a. Replace Lawns

Although popular for recreational purposes, sod generally requires large quantities of water and fertilizer. Avoid installation of sod in any areas not specifically designed for heavily trafficked recreational purposes, such as sporting greens. Where grass is desired, but foot traffic is minimal to moderate, install sod of native turf grasses, such as seashore bentgrass (Agrostis pallens) and native fescues (Festuca rubra, F. occidentalis, and F. idahoensis) and keep mowed height to two inches or higher. These native species are more drought-tolerant than non-native sod, and certain species mixes do not require mowing.

b. Use Drought-Resistant Landscapes

Where other landscaping is provided, plant drought-resistant native vegetation, such as manzanita, sage brush, coyote brush, buckwheat, and toyon, to reduce water requirements.

Restoration Objective: Protect Water Quality and Water ConservationC3

Festuca and Heuchera - An example of a drought-resistant landscaping plants.Photo by Jean Jones via Flickr


51AECOM

Revegetation Guidelines: Developed AreasD

Developed areas include residential, office, and industrial (warehouses and shipyards) land uses. These areas are made up of hardscape and buildings, with interspersed landscaping, ruderal patches, lawns, and occasional trees.

a. Habitat Restoration

Certain developed portions of the Blue Greenway provide limited opportunities for establishing species habitat, such as along 3rd Street, which is offset from the shoreline and heavily urbanized/paved. Tree planting in these areas, where feasible, can provide habitat for birds and insects. Other portions of heavily developed areas, such as the illegal dumping areas at Yosemite Slough that San Francisco is working to clean up, or paved areas along the shoreline that currently are underutilized, should be targeted for habitat restoration. The shorelines along heavily industrialized areas (i.e., warehouses and pier bulkheads) may be particularly valuable for habitat restoration, because these areas are generally isolated from most human presence and noise.

Restoration and maintenance (often overlooked in areas beyond public view) of these shoreline would provide crucial connectivity for wildlife between larger disconnected habitat.

b. Infrastructure Considerations

Although developed areas are used by some native wildlife, such as gulls, the diversity of species in these areas typically is low compared to other areas (e.g., parks, restored lands). Conversion of undeveloped parcels to parking or other infrastructure would further reduce the amount of habitat available for land birds as well as small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and butterflies.28 Where parking or other infrastructure is required, consider multi-story structures that occupy less space, porous pavement, vegetated shade structures, incorporation of trees and landscaping, and dispersed parklets (landscaping occupying one or two parking spots) to improve habitat value. These types of structures can incorporate living habitat elements such as rooftop gardens, living walls, and other incorporated green spaces.

c. Plant Selection

Select plants based on their ability to withstand the harsh environmental conditions common in developed areas. These plants should be tolerant of air and water pollution, drought, and vandalism.

Restoration Objective: Improve Habitat and Habitat ConnectivityD1

28 Refer to the LSA Yosemite Slough Watershed Wildlife Survey 2003-2004

24th Street, facing west from Warm Water CovePhoto by AECOM


52 AECOM

a. Recreational Access and Space

Provide as much space as possible for the Bay Trail along developed sections of the Blue Greenway, by removing parking spaces and limiting roadways and other hardscape to the minimum amount feasible. Incorporate permeable building materials instead of traditional asphalt. Plant trees along the Bay Trail to provide shade and wind buffers along the Blue Greenway for pedestrians and bikers.

b. Aesthetics

When possible, plant vegetation along roads, sidewalks, parking, and other hardscape along the Blue Greenway to improve the public experience. Replace or cover hardscape with trees, planting beds, or large planter boxes. Install signs, maintain habitat, and enforce regulations to discourage illegal dumping.

The Blue Greenway should provide pedestrians and bikers with a more natural/greener experience than surrounding roads. Where the Blue Greenway is adjacent to the shoreline, plant trees with open understories to allow unobstructed views to the Bay.

Restoration Objective: Improve Public Access Experience, and Foster Community and Stewardship

Restoration Objective: Remediate Contaminated Lands

D2 D3

Revegetation Guidelines: Developed Areas

a. Remediate Existing Soil Contamination

Prior to development or restoration, soils should be tested to determine both nutrient content and the presence of any soil contamination. In areas containing petroleum hydrocarbon contamination, developers should consider soil removal and off site disposal. Depending on the extent of contamination, capping and demarcation of remaining contaminated soil may also be an option. These methods also apply to soils with metals and other types of contamination. In some cases, vegetation (often in association with soil microbes) can uptake toxins from the soil [Refer to Plant List]. The remediation method will depend on the anticipated use of the site and the ability of the selected remedial approach to be protective of human health and the environment.

b. Reduce Stormwater Runoff Contamination

Where possible, install b ioswales as runof f catchments adjacent to developed areas. Plant bioswales with native vegetation such as purple needlegrass (Stipa pulchra), red fescue (Festuca rubra), California barley (Hordeum californicum) and meadow barley (Hordeum brachyantherum). A diverse seed mix with a range of moisture tolerances will be more adaptable to site specific conditions.

Photo by Association of Bay Area Governments Photo by AECOM Photo by AECOM Photo by Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District


53AECOM

Photo by AECOM

PART IV RESOURCES

PLANTING LIST

GUIDE PREPARERS

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

A

B

C

Planting ListA

Habitat Function Plant Tolerances

Plant Common Name Plant Scientific Name

Plant Type (Tree, shrub, vine, forb, grass, fern, groundcover)

Native Status (San Francisco [SF], Bay Area [BA], California [CA]) Ti

dal M

arsh

Freshw

ater W

etland

Ripa

rian

Coastal D

une

Coastal Scrub

Woo

dlan

dGrassland

Wild

life Forage

Wild

life Nestin

g/Co

ver

Remed

iatio

n/Biofiltratio

nWetland

/Uplan

d Tran

sitio

nErosion Co

ntrol

Aesthe

tic (Sho

wy)

Groun

dcov

erVisual Scree

ning

Salin

ityDroug

htSh

ade

Full Su

nDee

rCh

emical Con

tamination

Poor Soil

Comments

Bigleaf maple Acer macrophyllum tree BA X X X X X X XFast‐growing deciduous tree 20‐100’ tall; sun to part shade; occasional water; excellent shade tree; good wildlife shelter

California box elder Acer negundo ssp. californicum tree SF X X X X X X X X X Good in tough soil, fast growingYarrow Achillea millefolium forb SF X X X X X X X X X X Attracts bees/butterfliesDeerweed Acmispon glaber shrub SF X X X X X XCalifornia Buckeye Aesculus californica tree SF X X X X X X X X Attracts butterflies, good in multiple conditionsCalifornia Dandelion Agoseris grandiflora forb SF X X X Low water requirementHall's bent grass Agrostis hallii graminoid SF X X X XDiego bent grass Agrostis pallens graminoid SF X X X X

Red alder Alnus rubra tree SF X X X X X X X XDeciduous tree grows 40‐50' tall by 20‐30' wide, tolerates brackish marsh

Coast fiddleneck Amsinckia spectabilis forb SF X X X XPrefers sandy soil. Easy to grow from seed. Attracts painted lady butterfly.

Pearly everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea forb SF X X X X XPerennial forb with soft grey‐green foliage and inconspicuous white flowers, attracts butterflies, easy to grow

Vine Hill manzanita Arctostaphylos densiflora shrub CA X X X X X X X X X X Needs well drained soil, drought tolerant, attracts butterfliesLittle sur manzanita Arctostaphylos edmundsii shrub CA X X X X X X X X X X X Likes shade, attracts butterflies, needs well drained soilHooker's manzanita Arctostaphylos hookeri shrub CA X X X X X X X X X X Attracts butterflies, drought and sandy soil tolerantGlossyleaf manzanita Arctostaphylos nummularia shrub CA X X X X X X Attracts butterflies, needs shade and good drainageSandmat manzanita Arctostaphylos pumila shrub CA X X X X X X X X X X X Good cover in sandy soil near coastBearberry manzanita Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi shrub CA X X X X X X X X Attracts butterflies, forms dense mats

Dutchman's pipevine Aristolochia californica vine SF X X X X X X X XAttracts butterflies (pipevine swallowtail), unusual showy flowers, will grow well on shrubs/small trees

Coast sagebrush Artemisia californica shrub SF X X X X X X Good filler, wind/drought tolerant, smells good

Mugwort Artemisia douglasiana forb SF X X X X X X X X X X X X XAdaptable to wide ranges of moisture regimes, fills gaps between larger plants

Dune sagewort Artemisia pycnocephala shrub SF X X X X X Restricted to coastal sand dunes

California saltbrush Extriplex californica shrub SF X X X X XRegionally extinct, tolerates drought/heat/wind/alkaline/saline/clayey soil

Quail bush Atriplex lentiformis shrub CA X X X X XTolerates drought/heat/wind/alkaline/saline/clay soils, good habitat plant

Marsh baccharis Baccharis douglasii shrub SF X X X X X X XGrows in high zone of salt marsh, thrives easily, provides wildlife shelter

Dwarf coyote brush Baccharis pilularis ssp. consanguinea shrub SF X X X X X X X X X XErect shrub form. 6'tall, tolerates salt spray/alkaline/poor soils, thrives easily, provides wildlife shelter

Coyote Brush Baccharis pilularis ssp. pilularis shrub SF X X X X X X X X XProstrate shrub form. Low water use, high drought/ CaCO3 tolerance, likes sandy soils and seems to be deer proof

California holly grape Berberis pinnata shrub SF X X X X XYellow flowers to blue berries, drought tolerant, attracts birds, full sun

Alkali bulrush Bolboschoenus maritimus graminoid SF X X X X X X X Extremely salt tolerant, grows in salt/brackish marshesSaltmarsh bulrush Bolboschoenus robustus graminoid SF X X X X X Grass like leaves, grows easily, and flowers in summer

This planting list was adapted from the BCDC’s Shoreline Plants A Landscape Guide for the San Francisco Bay, available at http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/planning/SPLG.pdf. San Francisco native and drought-tolerant plants are preferred. Visit SF Plant Finder for a San Francisco-based plant list toolkit, available at http://www.sfplantfinder.org/


56 AECOM

Planting ListHabitat Function Plant Tolerances




dal M

arsh

Freshw

ater W

etland

Ripa

rian

Coastal D

une

Coastal Scrub

Woo

dlan

dGrassland

Wild

life Forage

Wild

life Nestin

g/Co

ver

Remed

iatio

n/Biofiltratio

nWetland

/Uplan

d Tran

sitio

nErosion Co

ntrol

Aesthe

tic (Sho

wy)

Groun

dcov

erVisual Scree

ning

Salin

ityDroug

htSh

ade

Full Su

nDee

rCh

emical Con

tamination

Poor Soil

Comments

Harvest brodiaea Brodiaea elegans ssp. elegans forb SF X X X X X XUsually occurs in non‐wetlands, but sometimes occurs in wetlands, purple‐blue flowers

Dwarf brodiaea Brodiaea terrestris ssp. terrestris forb SF X X X X X XPurple‐pink flowers, affinity for serpentine soils. No summer irrigation.

California brome grass Bromus carinatus ssp. carinatus graminoid SF X X X X X X X Hard to get native seed,

Spice bush Calycanthus occidentalis shrub CA X X X X X XMoist, shady places; often found in streamsides and canyons in the wild

Red maids Calandrinia menziesii forb SF X X X X X Occasionally found in wetlands, pink flowers

Yellow mariposa lily Calochortus luteus forb SF X X X X X XVery low water requirement, summer dormant, yellow flowers, tolerates a variety of soils. Does not tolerate summer irrigation.

Coast morning glory Calystegia purpurata vine SF X X X X X X Attractive vine; will grow both on ground and on adjacent shrubsStemless morning glory Calystegia subacaulis forb SF X X X X X Vine, purple flowersDense sedge Carex densa graminoid SF X X Seasonally wet meadowsSlough sedge Carex obnupta graminoid SF X X X Moist areas; sometimes grows in shadeMeadow sedge Carex praegracilis graminoid SF X X X Tolerates foot traffic, likes moistureDwarf sedge Carex tumulicola graminoid SF X X X Wide clumping grass, likes upland locationsBush anemone Carpenteria californica shrub CA X X X X X X X Shrub 6' tall by 4' wide, likes sun and good drainageIndian paintbrush Castilleja foliolosa forb BA X X X X X Can be hard to grow, hemiparastic, orange flowers

Franciscan paintbrush Castilleja subinclusa ssp. franciscana forb SF X X X X X X XHemiparasitic; favors hosts from composite family such as artemisia, sagebrush, coyotebush, pearly everlasting

Point Reyes ceanothusCeanothus gloriosus var. exaltatus or gloriosus shrub BA X X X X X X X

Attracts butterflies, hummingbirds and bees, tolerates wind, needs well drained soil. Both varieties are native to coastal Marin County are watch list rare plants.

Maritime ceanothus Ceanothus maritimus shrub CA X X X X X XWhite‐lavender flowers, attracts butterflies, hummingbirds, and bees, needs well drained soil. CNPS Rare Plant (CRPR 1B)

Carmel ceanothus Ceanothus thyrsiflorus var. griseus shrub CA X X X X

Attracts butterflies, hummingbirds and bees, tolerates wind, needs well drained soil, grows fast. The cultivar "Yankee Point" (Ceanothus griseus var. horizontalis ‐ invalid name) is from Carmel; do not use, as it could hybridize with SF‐native plants. This plant can take over; plant accordingly.

Blue blossom Ceanothus thyrsiflorus var. thyrsiflorus shrub SF X X X X X X X X X

Blue flower spikes, attracts butterflies, hummingbirds, and bees, very hardy, needs well drained soil. This plant can take over; plant accordingly.

Redbud Cercis occidentalis tree BA X X X X X X10‐20' tall, magenta flowers, needs good drainage, little water, can grow as espalier

Birch‐leaf mountain‐mahogany Cercocarpus betuloides var. betuloides tree BA X X X X X X X X Attractive small tree with showy fruitsSoap root Chlorogalum pomeridianum forb SF X X X X X X X White flowersIndian thistle Cirsium brevistylum annual forb SF X X X X X X X X Attractive pink flowers; attracts bees, butterflies, insectsFarewell‐to‐spring Clarkia rubicunda forb SF X X X X X X X Likes sandy soil, pink flowersYerba buena Clinopodium douglasii forb SF X X X X X Low growing mint, may be used as lawn substituteCreek dogwood Cornus sericea shrub SF X X X X X X Deciduous shrub, 4‐6' tall, for riparian and wetland edges

Western hazelnut Corylus cornuta var. californica tree SF X X X XMixed evergreen forest, 5‐12' tall, bright yellow color, needs shade

Tall flatsedge Cyperus eragrostis graminoid SF X X X X X X X XSpreads rapidly, flowers are yellow, needs sun, lots of water, tolerates variety of soils


57AECOM





dal M

arsh

Freshw

ater W

etland

Ripa

rian

Coastal D

une

Coastal Scrub

Woo

dlan

dGrassland

Wild

life Forage

Wild

life Nestin

g/Co

ver

Remed

iatio

n/Biofiltratio

nWetland

/Uplan

d Tran

sitio

nErosion Co

ntrol

Aesthe

tic (Sho

wy)

Groun

dcov

erVisual Scree

ning

Salin

ityDroug

htSh

ade

Full Su

nDee

rCh

emical Con

tamination

Poor Soil

Comments

California oatgrass Danthonia californica graminoid SF X X X X X X X X X X XCan withstand heavy foot traffic and grazing, grows in variety of soil types

Coast tarweed Deinandra corymbosa forb SF X X X X Grows well in eastern part of SFPacific hairgrass Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. holciformis graminoid SF X X X X X X Tolerates light foot traffic/salinity, provides forageSlender hairgrass Deschampsia elongata graminoid SF X X X X Provides good forage

Blue dicks Dichelostemma capitatum forb SF X X X X X X X X X XBlue violet flowers, needs good drainage, full sun/no water, tolerant of many conditions. Does not tolerate summer irrigation

Salt grass Distichlis spicata graminoid SF X X X X X X X X X Forms dense mats, brackish marshes, high zone of salt marshes

Bluff lettuce Dudleya farinosa forb SF X X X X XFleshy‐succulent like leaves, full sun, good on coast, needs well drained soil

Giant wildrye Elymus condensatus graminoid SF X X X X X Spreads quickly thru underground runners, sun and little water

Blue wildrye Elymus glaucus graminoid SF X X X X XLikes part shade/little water, can be invasive, good for slope stabilization

Slender wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus graminoid BA X X X X Bunchgrass grow 3', good for erosion controlCreeping wildrye Elymus triticoides graminoid SF X X X X X X Spreads rapidly, competitive with non‐native soils

California fuchsia Epilobium canum ssp. canum forb BA X X X X X X X X XScarlet flowers, full sun, little to no water, attracts hummingbirds, butterflies, and bees

Watson's willowherb Epilobium ciliatum ssp. watsonii forb SF X X X X X XTolerates variety of conditions/soil types, but prefers a wet habitat

Seaside daisy Erigeron glaucus forb SF X X X X X XBlue green leaves/lavender flowers, full sun, little water, good drainage, attracts butterflies

Yerba santa Eriodictyon californicum shrub SF X X X X X X XAttracts bees, birds, small mammals, and black‐tailed deer, drought tolerant, fire following species

Santa Cruz island buckwheat Eriogonum arborescens shrub CA X X X X X X

1‐6' tall, full sun, good drainage, little water, tolerates wind/heat/drought/ salt spray, attracts butterflies and bees, used in mass for erosion control

Saint Catherine's lace Eriogonum giganteum shrub CA X X X X X X

Mass of flowers, full sun, good drainage, little water, tolerates heat/ wind/drought/salt spray, attracts butterflies and bees, good as informal screen

Red‐flowered buckwheat Eriogonum grande var. rubescens shrub CA X X X X X Rosy flowers, full sun, good drainage, little water, filler

Coast buckwheat Eriogonum latifolium shrub SF X X X X X XFull sun, forms mounds, good drainage, little water, tolerates wind/heat/drought/ salt spray, attracts butterflies and bees

Naked eriogonum Eriogonum nudum var. nudum shrub SF X X X X X X X X

Use in mixed border for airy effect, white/pink/yellow flowers. Var. auriculatum also reported from SF, but var. nudum known form Hunters Point Area. Only use auriculatum as a backup if needed.

Golden yarrowEriophyllum confertiflorum var. confertiflorum shrub SF X X X X X X X

1‐2 ft. tall with bright yellow flowers, prefers good drainage, attracts butterflies

Common wooly sunflower Eriophyllum lanatum var. achilleoides shrub CA X X X Full sun, good drainage, yellow flowers, little to no waterCatalina silver lace Eriophyllum nevinii shrub CA X X Full sun, good drainage, little to no water, good border plantSeaside wooly sunflower Eriophyllum staechadifolium shrub SF X X X X Full sun, good drainage, little to no waterrough‐leafed aster Eurybia radulina forb SF X X X Often grows in dry, brushy slopes in the wildCalifornia poppy Eschscholzia californica forb SF X X X X X X X X Full sun, no water, tolerates poor soilCalifornia fescue Festuca californica graminoid SF X X X X X X Best in part shade, good for erosion controlFescue bunchgrass Festuca idahoensis graminoid SF X X X X X X Perennial clumping grass, full sun, and part shade


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Red fescue Festuca rubra graminoid SF X X X X X X X X X X X X XGood for lawn substitute, attracts deer, elk, moose, small mammals, and birds

Coast strawberry Fragaria chiloensis forb SF X X X X X X X XAttracts birds, bees, butterflies; needs some shade or water if grown away from coast

Woodland strawberry Fragaria vesca forb SF X X X X X X X XLow water usage, deer resistant, does best in part shade, attracts birds and butterflies

Coffeeberry Frangula californica shrub SF X X X X X X X X X XTolerates poor soils, hardy grower, red berries, good habitat plant, attracts butterflies

Alkali heath Frankenia salina forb SF X X X X X X Forms dense mat, grows in clay or saline soils

Flannel bush Fremontodendron californicum shrub BA X X X X X X X X XFast growing, large yellow flowers, needs sun and good drainage, 20' tall and 10‐15' wide

Coast silktassel Garrya elliptica shrub/tree SF X X X X X X X X X 10‐20' tall, long white flowersCarolina geranium Geranium carolinianum forb BA X X X Pink flowers, needs part shade and gravelly‐clay soilsPurple spot gilia Gilia clivorum forb SF X X X X Full sunlight, low water requirement, blue/orange flowersSea‐milkwort Glaux maritima forb SF X X X X X X Grows in middle zone of salt marshGumplant Grindelia hirsutula var. hirsutula forb SF X X X X X X Bright yellow flowersPacific gumplant Grindelia stricta var. angustifolia forb SF X X X X X X X X Showy yellow flowers

Toyon Heteromeles arbutifolia shrub SF X X X X X X X X X XLittle or no water, attracts butterflies and hummingbirds, good drainage, and full sun

Telegraph weed Heterotheca grandiflora forb SF X X X X X X X

Occurs naturally in wetlands, good for restoration, has thistles/yellow flowers, tolerates variety of soils, drought tolerant, attracts bees and butterflies. Possible extirpated, but previously found at Bayshore Station.

Cream bush Holodiscus discolor var. discolor shrub SF X X X X X X X X XGood habitat plant, attracts butterflies, larvae, birds and bees, creamy/white flowers and red fall color

Meadow barley Hordeum brachyantherum graminoid SF X X X X X Grows in clumping formCalifornia horkelia Horkelia californica forb SF X X X X Attracts butterflies and pollinatorsDouglas' iris Iris douglasiana forb SF X X X X X X X X X X Spreads easily from rhizomes

Fleshy jaumea Jaumea carnosa forb SF X X X X X XOccurs naturally in wetlands, little yellow flowers, grows in mats, common in middle zone of marsh

Common rush Juncus effusus graminoid SF X X X X X X X X X X XGood shoreline protection/stabilization, survives polluted conditions, attracts variety of small mammals

Wire grass Juncus patens graminoid SF X X X X X Prefers moist soilJunegrass Koeleria macrantha graminoid SF X X X Prefers sun and good drainage, flower stalksCalifornia goldfields Lasthenia californica forb SF X X X X X X X X Occasionally found in wetlands, yellow flowers, tolerates salinity

Hillside pea Lathyrus vestitus vine SF X X X X X X XVine with showy flowers, generally will not dominate the plants that it grows on

Tree mallow Lavatera assurgentiflora shrub CA X X X X X X X6‐12' tall, pink/purple flowers, tolerates heat/wind/drought/salt spray, attracts butterflies

Pitcher sage Lepechinia calycina shrub SF X X X X X Provides cover and nesting materialSea lavender Limonium californicum forb SF X X X X Pale purple flowers, grows above tide linesCommon lomatium Lomatium utriculatum forb SF X X X X X Yellow flowers are in bundles, attracts bees

California honeysuckle Lonicera hispidula vine SF X X X X X XVine that grows as both ground cover and on upright plants, but generally will not take over the plants it is growing on.

Silver bush lupine Lupinus albifrons var. collinus shrub SF X X X X X X X XBlue‐violet fragrant blooms, little water, good drainage, full sun, attracts butterflies and bees


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Coastal bush lupine Lupinus arboreus shrub SF X X X X X X X X X X XYellow flowers, attracts birds, bees, and butterflies, deer resistant, full sun/sandy soil

Miniature lupine Lupinus bicolor forb SF X X X X X X X XPurple flowers, low water usage‐ summer dormant, attracts butterflies and bees, does well in disturbed areas

Summer lupine Lupinus formosus var. formosus forb SF X X X X X Full sun, good drainage, little water, attracts bees and butterflies

Arroyo lupine Lupinus succulentus forb SF X X X X X XNeeds sun/well drained soil, purple flowers attract bees, deer resistant

Varied lupine Lupinus variicolor shrub SF X X X X XNice along edges, full sun/good drainage, attracts bees and butterflies

IronwoodLyonothamnus floribundus (ssp. asplenifolius or floribundus ) tree CA X X X X Prefers heat, wind protection.

California man‐root Marah fabacea vine SF X X X X X X X Vine, occurs naturally in wetlands, summer dormantCalifornia melic Melica californica graminoid SF X X X X Tolerates bad soils, and good forage

Sticky monkeyflower Mimulus aurantiacus var. aurantiacus shrub SF X X X X X X XOrange flowers, full sun, good drainage, attracts butterflies and bees, little water

Coyote mint Monardella villosa ssp. franciscana shrub SF X X X X X X X X Attracts bees, butterflies, hummingbirds

Pacific wax myrtle Morella californica shrub SF X X X X X X X X XTolerates wind/salt spray, good habitat plant, moderate water, bay scent

Deergrass Muhlenbergia rigens graminoid CA X X X X X X X Bunchgrass, flower stalks, and little waterCoffee fern Pellaea andromedifolia forb SF X X X X X Prefers rocky areas

Royal penstemon Penstemon spectabilis forb CA X X X X X X XBlue/purple/pink/white flowers, attracts butterflies hummingbirds, and bees

California Phacelia Phacelia californica forb SF X X X X X X Attracts bees, butterflies, insectsNinebark Physocarpus capitatus shrub BA X X X X X X X X Dense clusters of white flowers, shade. From North Coast Region.

Shore pine Pinus contorta ssp. contorta tree CA X X X X X X XFast growth, 20‐35' tall, contorted by ocean winds, tolerates salt spray

Bishop pine Pinus muricata tree BA X X X X X X X X X Fast growth, 40‐80' tall, 20‐40' wide, tolerates coast

Torrey pine Pinus torreyana tree CA X X X X X X X XFast growth 40‐60' tall, 30‐50' wide, good in open spaces and parks

California plantain Plantago erecta graminoid SF X X X X X X X X X

Primary host plant for Bay Checkerspot butterfly, part sun/shade, attracts butterflies, tolerates wide variety of soils, very low water usage, fast growing

California Sycamore Platanus racemosa tree BA X X X X X X X X X

Needs full sun, provides food/nesting for birds and butterflies, drought tolerant/ chemical contamination tolerant/ poor soil tolerant once established

Swordfern Polystichum munitum fern SF X X X Little water needed, spreads quicklyFremont cottonwood Populus fremontii ssp. fremontii tree BA X X X X X X 40‐60' tall, 25‐35' wide, use male treesBitter cherry Prunus emarginata shrub SF X X X X X Small dciduous tree to 13‐14' tallHollyleaf cherry Prunus ilicifolia ssp. Ilicifolia shrub SF X X X X X X X X X Evergreen; good as hedge/screen, moderate water, 10‐25' tall

Live oak Quercus agrifolia tree SF X X X X X X XTolerates drought,/ heat/ wind 30‐75' tall, 60‐100' wide, good drainage, no summer water, few plants can grow in understory

California buttercup Ranunculus californicus forb SF X X X X No water in summer, yellow blooms, full sunLemonade berry Rhus integrifolia shrub CA X X X X X X X X Good windbreak/ screen, full sun/drainage, good habitat plantSugar bush Rhus ovata shrub CA X X X X X X X Good windbreak/ screen, full sun/drainage, good habitat plant


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Commentsgolden currant Ribes aureum var. gracillimum shrub BA X X X X X X X X X Attracts birds, hummingbirds, butterflies, bees

Pink flowering currant Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum shrub SF X X X X X X X X X X X

Fuchsia red flowers, has thorns/berries, provides food for hummingbirds, birds, and small mammals, part shade, indirect watering, deer resistant

California rose Rosa californica shrub SF X X X X X X X X X X X Excellent for bank stabilization, good forage/nestingCalifornia blackberry Rubus ursinus shrub/vine SF X X X X X X X X X X X X Forms mounds, produces blackberries, has thornsGolden dock Rumex fueginus forb SF X X X X X X Low growing attractive plant

Pickleweed Salicornia pacifica forb SF X X X X XLow growing succulent, salt tolerant, grows in middle zone of salt marsh

Red willow Salix laevigata tree SF X X X X X X X Grows along edges of marshes/ streamsArroyo willow Salix lasiolepis tree SF X X X X X X X X X Grows along edges of marshes/ streams, informal screen

Purple sage Salvia leucophylla shrub CA X X X X X X X XSprawling form, purple pink flowers, full sun, attracts hummingbirds, butterflies and bees

Black sage Salvia mellifera shrub BA X X X X X X X XPale purple flowers, little water, attracts bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds

Hummingbird sage Salvia spathacea forb SF X X X X X X X X X X X

Tolerates variety of soils, prefers dry shady habitats, very drought tolerant, attracts hummingbirds, butterflies, bees, and birds, deer resistant, purple flowers

Creeping sage Salvia sonomensis forb/subshrub BA X X X X X XFast‐growing drought‐tolerant ground cover. Warm areas with good drainage. Attracts bees, butterflies, hummingbirds

Blue elderberry Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea shrub SF X X X X X X X X X X X XGood habitat plant/screen, attracts butterflies and hummingbirds, some plants are poisonous

Purple sanicle Sanicula bipinnatifida forb SF X X Bright green to dark purple color, bears prickly fruitsCalifornia bulrush Schoenoplectus californicus graminoid SF X X X X X X X X X X Common in brackish marshesBee plant Scrophularia californica forb SF X X X X X X Reddish flowersCheckerbloom Sidalcea malviflora forb SF X X X X X X Pink purple flowers, dormant in summer‐ no waterBlue‐eyed grass Sisyrinchium bellum forb SF X X X X X X X X Purple flowers, self sows, tolerates poor soilsCalifornia goldenrod Solidago velutina ssp. californica forb SF X X X X Blooms late summer, grows in masses

California cord grass Spartina foliosa graminoid SF X X X X XCommon in low zone of salt marsh, be aware of hybridization with non‐native species

Foothill needle grass Stipa lepida graminoid SF X X X X X Dormant in summer, good drainage/ full sunPurple needlegrass Stipa pulchra graminoid SF X X X X Full sun, grows well from seed; seeds are wildlife forage

California sea‐blithe Suaeda californica forb SF X X X X XUpper zone of salt marsh, federally endangered. Small populations in a few restorations sites in SF.

California aster Symphyotrichum chilense forb X X X X X X X X X X Grows rapidlyCreeping snowberry Symphoricarpos mollis shrub SF X X X X X X X X Vine, drought tolerant, prefers shade, easy to growSeaside arrow‐grass Triglochin maritima graminoid SF X X Grows in dense clumps

Ithuriel's spear Triteleia laxa forb SF X X X X X

Blue/purple/lavender flowers, attracts bees, butterflies, and mammals, low water usage, full shade; does not tolerate summer irrigation

Broad‐leaved cattail Typha latifolia graminoid SF X X X X X X X X X X X X XTolerate salinity/reduced soil conditions/drought, attracts geese, muskrats, and birds

California bay Umbellularia californica tree SF X X X X X X X X Can be hard to grow, susceptible to fungus, and fragrant

California grape Vitis californica vine BA X X X X X X X X X X X XVine, pink leaves, purple berries, full sun, moderate water. Can hybridize with Vitis vinifera .

Mule's ears Wyethia angustifolia forb SF X X X X X X Bright yellow flowers


61AECOM

Guide PreparersBStakeholder Involvement

This revegetation guide was created by AECOM for San Francisco Department of the Environment with input and contribution from various stakeholders. Funding support has been provided from US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA Award No. #BF-00T98101). This guidebook is part of the Bayview Hunters Point (BVHP) brownfields communitywide assessment.

A special thank you to the many agencies and organizations that provided feedback:

• The Port of San Francisco• San Francisco Recreation and Park• California State Parks• Literacy for Environmental Justice• San Francisco Parks Alliance• San Francisco Planning Department• San Francisco Bay Conservation and

Development Commission (BCDC)• San Francisco Department of Public Works• San Francisco Department of Public Health• San Francisco Office of Community

Investment and Infrastructure• San Francisco Public Utilities Commission• The Trust for Public Land• Golden Gate Audubon• Greenaction for Health & Environmental

Justice• United States Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA)• Nature in the City

Warm Water Cove.Photo by AECOM


62 AECOM

Additional ResourcesCPlant Sources• Bay Natives (http://www.baynatives.com)

• Candlestick Point Native Plant Nursery at Yosemite Slough (http://www.candlestickconnect.org)

• Sutro Stewards Native Plant Nursery (https://www.sutrostewards.org)

• Yerba Buena Nursery (http://www.yerbabuenanursery.com)

• San Francisco Plant Finder (http://www.sfplantfinder.org) and Resources (http://sfplantfinder.org/resources.html)

• Native Plant Nurseries (http://sfplantfinder.org/resources.html#plant-nurseries)

• Pollinator-Friendly Nurseries (https://sfenvironment.org/plant-nurseries-bee-friendly)

Phytophthora and Plant Pathogen Resources

• California Oak Mortality Task Force (http://www.calphytos.org)

Invasive Plant Information

• California Invasive Plant Council - Invasive Species Database (http://www.cal-ipc.org)

Do Not Plant List

• BCDC Shoreline Plants: A landscape guide for the San Francisco Bay (http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/planning/SPLG.pdf)

Panorama of the Yosemite Slough.Photo by AECOM

Back Cover Image: Candlestick Point State Recreation Area. Photo by AECOM.


63AECOM

Documents

BLUE GREENWAY - SF Environment · 2017. 12. 7. · Blue Greenway Planning and Design Guidelines, developed by the Port of San Francisco (Port) in 2011. 1 . The focus of this guide