Blue Laser Recording Technology for High-Density Archival ... · ¾Source: Cohasset Associates white paper, Trustworthy Storage and Management of Electronic Records ¾Reducing or

Professional Disc for DATA

Blue Laser Recording Technology for High-Density Archival Storage

Michael HallSony Electronics Inc, 1 Overlook Dr, Bldg B-6, Amherst NH 03031-2800

Phone: +1-603-672-5483, FAX: +1-603-672-5495e-mail: [email protected]

Presented at the THIC Meeting at the Raytheon ITS Auditorium 1616 McCormick Drive, Upper Marlboro MD 20774-5301

October 26-27, 2004


Blue Laser Recording Technology for Blue Laser Recording Technology for HighHigh--Density Archival StorageDensity Archival Storage

THIC meeting October 26th-27th

Mike HallSony Electronics

Business Development ManagerComponent Solution Business Division

Hiroyuki TakemotoSony Electronics

Marketing ManagerMedia Recording Division


Presentation Outline

Optical Storage RevolutionLong-Term Archive Best PracticesProfessional Disc for DATATechnology OverviewOSTA and GIPWoG organizationsQ&A Anytime!


The Optical Storage Revolution

Many companies are supporting 120mm blue laser technology120mm recordable media consumption exceeds 15 billion a year

Blu-ray Specifications2 hrs digital HD video13 hrs standard broadcast405nm (blue-violet laser)0.85 NA lensPhase change recording 120mm CD/DVD size discSingle sided, single layer Protective disc cartridge

Blu-ray Alliance CompaniesDellHitachi, Ltd.HPLG Electronics Inc.Matsushita Electric Ind. Co., Ltd. Pioneer CorporationRoyal Philips ElectronicsSamsung Electronics Sharp CorporationSony CorporationThomson Multimedia


Sony’s Blue Laser Products

Hom

e AV

Hom

e AV

Blu-ray set-top video recorder for home consumer market.

Broadcast

Broadcast

Sony Professional cameras and videoediting products

Pro

Pro

Data Storage

Data Storage

Professional datastorage productsfor IT

Blu-ray Disc Professional Disc Professional Disc for DATA

PCPCConsum

erC

onsumer

PC Blu-ray

BD-IT


Long-Term Archiving Best PracticesOptical - The predominate technology over the past 2 decades for long term archive and regulatory industry compliance.MO and CD/DVD have demonstrated over 15 years of information continuity, investment protection, and are still viable choices for new long term archive applications.Serial ATA (SATA) RAID popularity is causing records that shouldbe archived to remain on disk. The Consequences:

Requires investment in additional backup hardware and software to manage growing backup overheadRAID provides redundancy, but 2 drive failures = catastrophe.Some users actually purchase a second SATA RAID to be safe

Technology savvy SATA RAID companies will not use drives from the same manufacturing lot to avoid dual drive failures in the RAID.

What do you do when you can not get a replacement drive in a fewyears to replace the failed units….? Migrate your data.

Tape has appealing price, but the incremental cost to maintain tape archives should be taken into consideration. Proper archive implementation can avoid these issues and risks


Maintaining Trustworthy Records and Avoiding Costly Migration

“Using a storage medium that reduces or eliminates the need for migration of the records during the full retention period reduces the risk that the integrity of the electronic records would be challenged”

Source: Cohasset Associates white paper, Trustworthy Storage andManagement of Electronic RecordsReducing or eliminating migration provides considerable cost savings.

Optical’s media removability and compatibility to future generation drives allows the “original” information to stay intact, maintaining the accuracy, reliability, and trustworthiness of electronic records.Optical has become the defacto “gold standard” for WORM and long term archive requirements

Even RAID companies acknowledge the “authenticity” attributes of optical WORM as a comparison benchmark


Optimum Archive Storage Solution

RAID >>>>> OPTICAL STORAGEand/or TAPE


Blue Laser Technology IntroductionThe Professional Disc for DATA developed by Sony supports recording, rewriting, and playing back of up to 23.3 gigabytes (GB) of data on a single-sided, single-layer 120mm disc, the size of a standard DVDs. What makes this possible is the use blue-violet laser technology.

1.Short wavelength 405nm (Blue-Violet laser) 2.Field lens with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.85

These optical parameters make the spot size of laser beam small,which is a requirement for accurate tracking on the Professional Disc for DATA.

Disc Substrate(1.1mm)Recording layerCover layer (0.1mm)

Disc total thickness 1.2mm

Minimum mark size 0.16um

Track pitch 0.32um

Groove

LandNA:0.85

Wavelength:405nm

Protect layer(0.15um)


Recording Mark of Phase Change

DVD±RWCD-RWWavelength : 650 nm

NA : 0.60Wavelength : 405 nm

NA : 0.85

Wavelength : 780 nmNA : 0.45

Cover Layer　1.2mm

Cover Layer　0.6mm

* Cover Layer　0.1mm

ProDATA

1μm 1μm 1μm

650MB 4.7GB 23.3GB* 0.1mm cover layer reduces spherical aberration, improves tilt tolerance


Professional Disc for DATA SpecificationsSpecificationsCapacity:Capacity: 23.3GB (Single sided)23.3GB (Single sided)Transfer Rate Transfer Rate

Write:Write: 9.0 MB/s9.0 MB/sRead:Read: 11 MB/s11 MB/s

Sector Size:Sector Size: 2,048Bytes & 512Bytes emulation 2,048Bytes & 512Bytes emulation Seek Time:Seek Time: 110 msec(1/3 stroke) CAV110 msec(1/3 stroke) CAV

280 msec(1/3 stroke) CLV280 msec(1/3 stroke) CLVLoad/Eject TimeLoad/Eject Time 6.0/3.5 sec6.0/3.5 secBuffer MemoryBuffer Memory 16MB16MBRewrite CyclesRewrite Cycles 10,000 (Direct Overwrite Technology)10,000 (Direct Overwrite Technology)Read CyclesRead Cycles 1,000,0001,000,000MSBF:MSBF:　　 300,000 Swaps300,000 SwapsMTBF:MTBF: 100,000 POH100,000 POHPower Consumption:Power Consumption: 14W14WI/F: I/F: SCSI LVD160 and USB 2.0SCSI LVD160 and USB 2.0Media:Media: WORM and RewritableWORM and RewritableEstimated Archival LifeEstimated Archival Life 50 years50 years


First 120mm Blue Laser Optical Peripheral for Data Storagefor Data Storage


Phase Change Principle (Recording)Recoding layer temperature

Melting point(～600℃)

Crystallization point(～400℃)

Higher Power

Inte

rnal

En

ergy

leve

l

DiscDisc

LaserLaser

Change to Change to CrystallineCrystalline

Substrate

Change to Change to amorphousamorphousPlaybackPlayback

Cover Layer

Low Power

Write Power(~6mW)

Erase Power(~3mW)

Read Power(~0.3mW)Recoding

mark

Crystalline phase

With a mediumWith a medium--power, the recording materialpower, the recording materialheats and cools more graduallyheats and cools more gradually

When heated by a highWhen heated by a high--power laser beam, power laser beam, the recording material melts and rapidly cools.the recording material melts and rapidly cools.

Amorphous phase

Lase

r po

wer

High Power

Amorphous

Crystalline


Phase Change Principle (Playback)Crystalline Amorphous

A low-power laser is used for playback. The amount of reflected light depends on the status (amorphous or crystalline) of the recording material. This is detected by an optical sensor.

Phase change

High reflection coefficient

Low reflectioncoefficient Recording layer

structure

Dielectric layer

Dielectric layer

Reflective layerReflective layer

Recording layer(Phase change material)

Playback signal


Extremely Accurate Groove MoldingWobble Groove :Address information is put in disc by making groove meander

Track Pitch 320nm Track Pitch 740nm

Track Pitch & Accuracy　　320±5nm

cf. (DVD+RW ; 740±20nm)

【Accurate molding system 】

【Accurate laser cutting system】

Deep UV Laser (λ=266nm) Cutting System

Professional Disc for DATAStamper

Stamper

Substrate resin

Disc substrate

【Professional Disc for DATA 】【DVD+RW Format】


Cover Layer Uniformity

∝∝　　

33NA NA ・・ Thickness

λ

Thickness distribution

λ : 405 nm

Cover layer0.1mmNA : 0.85

Coma Coma aberrationaberration　　

9596979899

100101102103104105

20 30 40 50 60Disc Radius　[mm]

Cov

er L

ayer

th

ickn

ess　

[um

]

Real ability of cover layer thickness

±0.5um


Robust Disc Substrate

time

Sudden change temperature and humidity

Tilt（

The

incl

inat

ion

of th

e di

sc）

[°] [°]Maximum variation volume

25℃90% -> 25℃45%

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

Current resin（CD,DVD）Sony ProfessionalDisc for DATA

Maximum variation volume20℃50% -> 55℃10%

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

Current resin（CD,DVD）Sony ProfessionalDisc for DATA

Hygroscopic

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Current resin（CD,DVD）Sony Professional Discfor DATA


Accurate Recording Layer

Ar+

Ar+

Ar+

e- e- e-

Ar+ Ar+Ar+

Ar

Ar Gas

Cathode

Target

Substrateplasma

Substrate

Target

Cathode

Dielectric layer

Recodinglayer

Dielectric layer

Reflectivelayer

The material which clashes ions to the target and which is expelled is made to accumulate on the disc substrate.

SputterSputter

Accurate recording layer thickness

± 1nm


Excellent Overwrite Durability

1,000回 10,000回ＲＦsignal

Error rate

1.E-07

1.E-06

1.E-05

1.E-04

1.E-03

1.E-02

0 1 10 100 1000 10000Overwrite Cycles

chan

nel b

it er

ror r

ate

bER

1st cycle 1000 cycles 10000 cycles

Erase/write/read cycles (times)≧10000@23℃50%RH

Error Correction Criteria


Read Cycle Stability

Drive read power

Read cycle acceleration test

1.E+01

1.E+02

1.E+03

1.E+04

1.E+05

1.E+06

1.E+07

1.E+08

1.E+09

1.E+10

1/ReadPower

Rea

d cy

cle

Error rate (continuous read)

1.E-07

1.E-06

1.E-05

1.E-04

1.E-03

1.E-02

1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06

Read cycle

chan

nel-b

it er

ror r

ate

bER

Error Correction Criteria

Read cycles (times) ≧1,000,000


Media Life Acceleration Test

80℃85%

70℃85%

Erro

r rat

e

60℃85%

TimeA B C

Criteria (Symbol 4.2*10-3)

Estim

ated

life

AB

C

a reciprocal of temperature80℃ 70℃ 60℃ 23℃

（room）

Humidity85%

Humidity50%

approximate linear line means “ Arrhenius equation:Ln(tc) = Ln(A) + (⊿H/k)×(1/T)”.

“end-of-life” Estimated life“end-of life” are measured in three conditions.1)60℃85%RH2)70℃85%RH3)80℃85%RHTemperature is made a parameter.


Estimated LifeEstimated life acceleration test

（an interim report ）

1.E+02

1.E+03

1.E+04

1.E+05

1.E+06

1.E+07

0.0028 0.0029 0.003 0.0031 0.0032 0.0033 0.00341/T(1/K)

Life

End

Tim

e(h)

60℃

70℃

80℃

23℃

50 years

a reciprocal of humidity

Estimated life ≧50years@23℃50%RH

＊This graph is preliminary report. The storage test is being continued


Cartridge Structure

Inner rotor

Shutter

120mm Disc

Upper shell

Lower shell


ProDATA Library SupportCartridge Media Library Cartridge Media Library and Bare Media Libraryand Bare Media Library

Rack mount

4 square ft. floor space


250 Slot3-6 Drives 750 Slot

3-12 Drives 1450 Slot3-24 Drives

5.8TB

17.45TB

33.80TB

= Low cost per MB!

Bare media libraries


Optical Storage Technology AssociationOSTA is an international trade association represented by a number of companies, agencies, and institutions supporting the use of recordable optical technologies and products. Recent symposium paneled by the following:Recent symposium paneled by the following:

National Archives National Archives U.S. Geological SurveyU.S. Geological SurveyVERITAS SoftwareVERITAS SoftwareJohns Hopkins Applied Physics LabNIST

TopicsTopics-- ““ Why Optical Makes Sense for ArchiveWhy Optical Makes Sense for Archive”” and and ““ How Optical Meets Archive and Compliance StandardsHow Optical Meets Archive and Compliance Standards””

www.osta.org


GIPWoGGIPWoG mission: mission: To provide government agencies with information to make informedTo provide government agencies with information to make informed decisions decisions for using optical storage technologies in digital data storage ofor using optical storage technologies in digital data storage or preservation r preservation strategies.strategies.

Participating Agencies:Participating Agencies:DoDDoD, GPO, GSA, Library of Congress, NARA, NASA, NIMA, NIST U.S. Ce, GPO, GSA, Library of Congress, NARA, NASA, NIMA, NIST U.S. Census nsus Bureau, U.S., Courts USGSBureau, U.S., Courts USGS

GIPWoGGIPWoG GoalsGoalsAct as a liaison/meeting place between government users and the Act as a liaison/meeting place between government users and the optical optical storage technology industry. storage technology industry. Inform government users of the current stateInform government users of the current state--ofof--thethe--art in optical storage art in optical storage technology. technology. Highlight optical storage technology research relevant to governHighlight optical storage technology research relevant to government users. ment users. Serve as a forum for government users to share digital data presServe as a forum for government users to share digital data preservation issues ervation issues and strategies. and strategies.

http://www.itl.nist.gov/div895/gipwg/index.html


Thank you!Thank you!

[email protected]@am.sony.com+1+1--603603--557557--20322032

www.sony.com/bluelaserwww.sony.com/bluelaserwww.sony.net/prodata

Documents

Blue Laser Recording Technology for High-Density Archival ... · ¾Source: Cohasset Associates white paper, Trustworthy Storage and Management of Electronic Records ¾Reducing or