Boating Safety Course Pleasure Craft Operator Card

7/24/2019 Boating Safety Course Pleasure Craft Operator Card

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Boating Safety Course

Pleasure Craft Operator Card

Garde ctire auxiliaire canadienne

Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary

Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary Boating Safety Course 01/01/01 page I

Student Manual


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Garde ctire auxiliaire canadienneCanadian Coast Guard Auxiliary

WWW.CCGA-GCAC.COM

For information or to register,please contact the number listed for your region.

1 (705) 357-2616

1 (709) 772-4074

1 (450) 746-4385

1 (902) 477-5574

1 (250) 480-2798

Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary Boating Safety Course 01/01/01 page II


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Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary Boating Safety Course 01/01/01 page IV


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Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary Boating Safety Course 01/01/01 page V

PREFACE

Dear reader,

This manual is the second edition of the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary student book in its Englishversion.

Its content complies with Canadian Coast Guard accreditation standards. It is approved for classroom utilisation or self training student prior to an accredited test challenge to obtain a PleasureCraft Operator Card.

The first edition was the work of CCGA members ( all unpaid volunteers ) under the leadership ofMr Bernard Claveau. He was at the time assisted by Louis Arsenault, Alberte Matte, Louise Labelle,Claudette Petitpas, Frederic Guerin, Pierre Archambault, Helene Duguay, Roger Arsenault, SylvioLagac, Jacques Labelle and Kim Labelle.

A committee under the leadership of Mr Jean-Pierre Ptolas has revised and corrected the firstedition. Mr Herb Hegler (CCGA Maritimes) Mr Nol Hay (CCGA Pacific) Mr Don Limoges (CCGACentral and Arctic) were also members of that committee. Mrs Helene Duguay, Mr Jacques Labelleand Mr Sylvio Lagac, all of them for CCGA Laurentian and members of the first edition team, also

made an important contribution.

All CCGA Regions were invited to participate in the reviewing process.

I wish to acknowledge the dedicated work and efforts of all these volunteers whether they worked onthe first or the second edition.

The Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary is an independent organization made up entirely of volunteerswhose mandate is to operate as rescuer on the water in conjunction with the Canadian CoastGuard. With its five (5) Regions nation-wide, the CCGA brings together more than 4,500 members.

One cannot fulfill a Search and Rescue mandate without acknowledging the importance of

Prevention. Consequently, for many years, the Auxiliaries have been conducting courtesyinspections and providing the public with advices at exhibitions, boat shows and other marinerelated activities. Since training is an aspect of prevention, the Auxiliaries decided that it would beimportant to become involved in providing training to the general public in the light of the newstandards.

In closing, I would like to wish you good luck as you pursue this new learning experience. I amconvinced that, as a result of the knowledge gained through this course, you will become a PleasureCraft Operator able to enjoy your boating activities with an improved awareness of safety.

Safe sailing.

Robert PetitpasVice ChairmanNational CouncilCanadian Coast Guard Auxiliary


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INTRODUCTION

Table of Contents 1Why Talk About Boating Safety? 3Course Objectives 4

Sample Test 5

MODULE 1

REQUIRED SAFE BOATING KNOWLEDGEUnit 1.1 Acts, Regulations and Code 12Unit 1.2 Provisions Regarding Assistance 13Unit 1.3 Criminal Code of Canada 13

MODULE 2

DESCRIPTION OF A PLEASURE CRAFTUnit 2.1 Description of a Pleasure Craft 16

Outboard 16Inboard , I/O 16The Different Types of Hulls 16

Unit 2.2 Categories of Pleasure Craft 17Unit 2.3 Boat Terminology 18Unit 2.4 Licensing, Registration and Markings 19Unit 2.5 Engine Power and Load Capacity Plate 21

Safety Precautions 21MODULE 3

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

Unit 3.1 Safety Equipment On Board 23Personal Watercraft (PWCs) 25Paddleboats, Watercycles, Sailboards 25Emergency Supplies Check List 26

Unit 3.2 Pyrotechnic Distress Signals 27Pyrotechnic Signals: Their Features 28

Unit 3.3 Light Signals 29Unit 3.4 Navigation Lights 29

Motor Boats 29Sailing Vessels 30Vessels Under Oars 31

Unit 3.5 PFDs, Lifejackets and Maintenance 32Unit 3.6 Using On-Board Safety Equipment 34

What to look for in a PFD.....34Putting on a PFD.......34

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MODULE 4

SAFETY ON BOARDUnit 4.1 Sound Signals and Conduct of a PleasureCraft in Sight of Other

Vessels 35Entering and Exiting Locks 39Meaning of Code Flags 40Air Cushion Vehicles (ACVs) 40Conduct in Sight of Other Vessels 40

Unit 4.2 Effects of Movement 40Unit 4.3 Speed Limits 41Unit 4.4 Refuelling 42

MODULE 5

EMERGENCY RESPONSEUnit 5.1 Informing Persons On Board 44Unit 5.2 Person Overboard 44Unit 5.3 Breakdowns 45Unit 5.4 Hull Leaks 45

Unit 5.5 Capsizing, Swamping, Sinking and Grounding 46Unit 5.6 Cold Water Immersion and Wind Chill 47Action to be taken in the presence of a person suffering fromhypothermia ... 48

Effects of Cold Water Immersion (table) 48

MODULE 6

OPERATING A SMALL CRAFTUnit 6.1 Aids to Navigation 49Unit 6.2 Compasses 54Unit 6.3 Anchors 54

Unit 6.4 Checking Weather Forecasts 54Marine Warnings (table) 55Notices to Mariners 55Beaufort Wind Scale (table) 56

Unit 6.5 Charts and Topographical Maps 57Unit 6.6 Checking Local Hazards 58Unit 6.7 Trip Plan 58Unit 6.8 Vessel Maintenance 61Unit 6.9 Pre-Departure Check List 63

MODULE 7

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATIONUnit 7.1 Canadian Coast Guard 68Unit 7.2 Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary 69Unit 7.3 GLOSSARY: Navigation Terms 70



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INTRODUCTION

WhyTalk AboutBoating Safety?

Accidents andDeaths

Canadian CoastGuard

KnowledgeRequirements

Today, recreational boating is a leisure activity enjoyed by many Canadians. Thissegment of the population is often perceived as being composed almostuniquely of owners of sailing craft or power driven boats moored in largemarinas. In reality, however, this group represents only a minute portion of allsmall craft users. Everyone who uses a vessel for leisure purposes is a

recreational boater for whom boating safety is of the utmost importance.Everyone who goes sport fishing or hunting, water skiing, canoeing, kayaking,diving, seadooing, river rafting, and so on, are also recreational boaters, oftenwithout being aware that they are.

The thousands of incidents recorded annually touch recreational boaters,whether directly or indirectly. In 1998, the Marine Rescue Centers acrossCanada were confronted with some 6,000 incidents resulting in nearly 200deaths. This is in addition to all the other incidents handled by other agencies.Year after year, hundreds of Canadians lose their lives while practising theirfavorite leisure activity. Hunters and fishers have the unfortunate distinction of

accounting for a fair percentage of these deaths.

The Canadian Coast Guard's concern was translated into action, andrecommendations were formulated. To remedy the situation, Fisheries andOceans Canada set up a series of progressive measures in an attempt toimprove boating safety.

In view of this, courses had to be quickly developed to respond to the need fortraining. Bearing in mind its expertise in search and rescue (SAR), and inprevention, the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary (CCGA) determined that itneeded to become involved in organizing such a course, even if the Auxiliary

were only to make sure, first and foremost, that all of its members met the newcriteria and possessed their operator card. This course and all related tests havebeen accredited by the CCG. Everyone who passes the test will be issued aPleasure Craft Operator Card.

Though the test can be written without having taken the course, some may findit to their advantage to complete the course first. In accordance with theofficial standard, a pass mark is 27 correct responses to the 36 testquestions. This represents a pass mark set at 75%.

Professional sailors receive regular training and must periodically take part inemergency measure drills. It is important to be prepared and to be aware of therisks and the required defensive manoeuvres. In learning basic rules ofnavigation and safety, incidents can be prevented, emergency measures appliedquickly if an accident occurs and tragedy avoided.



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INTRODUCTION

CourseObjectives

At the end of the course, the participants:

1- Will have acquired fuller knowledge of boating safety in order to obtain aPleasure Craft Operator Card that is recognized in Canada;

2- Will be made aware of what constitutes the safe use of a vessel in navigableCanadian waters, both on large expanses of water, rivers and lakes;

3- Will be in a position to fulfill the four main functions of an operator:

3.1 to be aware of statutes, regulations and codes;

3.2 to respond to emergencies;

3.3 to act responsibly in operating pleasure craft; and

3.4 to operate pleasure craft safely.

4- Will be introduced to the technical terms and expressions most commonlyused in boating. A glossary is included at the end of this manual.

The course manual covers the following subject matter:

4.1 an overview of the Canadian Aids to Navigation System.

4.2 description of different types of pleasure craft, mandatory equipmenton board, safety and emergency response.

4.3 basic navigation and seamanship.



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INTRODUCTION

MODULE 1

Boating:What You Needto Know

MODULE 2

VesselDescription

SAMPLE TEST

1- Boating requires a knowledge of the:

A- Canada Shipping Act;B- Collision Regulations;

C- Criminal Code of Canada;D- A, B, and C.

2- Name the law(s) which require that you maintain a watch in orderto detect distress signals:

A- Highway Safety Code;B- Charter of Rights and Freedoms;C- Canada Shipping Act and the Criminal Code of Canada;D- Collision Regulations and Small Vessel Regulations.

3- The operator of a vessel is not obliged to stop and offer assistancewhen involved in an accident:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___

4- When operating a small craft, you must avoid:A- responding to distress calls;B- standing up to start the motor;C- standing up to drive;

D- talking on the radio.

5- When operating a small craft, the Criminal Code of Canadaprovides for a term of imprisonment or a fine if you:

A- are not wearing a PFD or lifejacket;B- operate a craft dangerously;C- transfer fuel from one vessel to another;D- tow a water skier.

6- A pleasure craft is defined as a:

A- small vessel up to 2 meters in length;B- vessel built of wood or fiberglass;C- vessel powered by an outboard motor;D- vessel used for recreational activities.



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INTRODUCTION

7- What type of propulsion system is used for personal watercraft(PWC)?

A- propeller;B- jet propelled;C- sail;D- paddle wheel.

8- There are three types of hulls: flat-bottom, Vee-bottom and:A- box-bottom;B- ocean-bottom;C- round-bottom;D- square-bottom.

9- The keel of a sailing craft is always fixed:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___

10- A monohulled sailing craft is safer than a multi-hulled:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___

11- A multi-hulled sailing craft is very stable:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___

12- When you are on board a vessel and looking toward its bow, the leftside, in boating terms, is called:

A- port;B- starboard;C- stern;D- draft.

13- You can exchange your vessel's licence number with your friendsonly if your craft is fitted with a motor of at least 10 HP:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___



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INTRODUCTION

MODULE 3

EquipmentDescription

14- Name two elements that appear on a capacity plate:

A- maximum load capacity and the manufacturer's telephonenumber;

B- maximum engine power and the manufacturer's address;C- manufacturer's telephone number and address;D- maximum safe load capacity and recommended engine power.

15- Pyrotechnic distress signals (flares) must be kept on board vesselsmore than 6 metres in length:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___

16- A flare's shelf-life is:

A- 2 years;B- 4 years;

C- 10 years;D- 1 year.

17- One of the following has nothing to do with distress signals. Whichone is it?

A- VHF radio;B- code flag;C- AM-FM radio;D- sound signalling devices.

18- Name one type of NON-marine pyrotechnic signal (flare):

A- rocket;B- parachute;C- cartridge;D- roadside.

19- Navigation lights must be displayed:

A- from sunset to sunrise;B- from 18:00 to 06:00;C- from midnight to noon;D- when in the vicinity of other craft.



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INTRODUCTION

MODULE 4

BoatingSafety

MODULE 5EmergencyResponse

20- The three different colours of navigation lights on a pleasure craftare:

A- red, green, yellow;B- red, green, white;C- green, red, blue;D- blue, white, red.

21- Personal flotation devices (PFDs) must be approved by whichagency?

A- Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary;B- Revenue Canada;C- Canadian Coast Guard;D- U.S. Coast Guard.

22- Areas where diving is in progress are marked by a flag that is:A- blue and green;B- yellow and white;C- red and white;D- black and white.

23- Which of the following procedures are to be followed when fueling apleasure craft equipped with a gas or diesel engine:

A- remove oily rags;B- have everyone on board wear a PFD or lifejacket;C- open all hatches and operate the blower;D- moor the vessel, shut off the engines and do not smoke.

24- The Collision Regulations state that every vessel shall at all timesproceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effectiveaction to avoid collision and be stopped within a distanceappropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.

TRUE ___ FALSE ___

25- A recreational boater should ensure that the people on board areinformed about:

A- the location of PFDs;B- the location of the emergency kit;C- their roles in the event of emergencies;D- all of the above.



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INTRODUCTION

26- The correct action for a recreational boater to take, should a personfall overboard, is to shout man overboard , turn around, keep aneye on the person and:

A- jump into the water to offer assistance;B- throw a floating object in the water;C- throw a sufficiently long buoyant heaving line to reach the

person overboard;D- call for assistance on your VHF radio.

27- In the event of damage to his craft, a recreational boater should takeall but one of the following measures. What should he not do?

A- change the vessel's speed according to the circumstances;B- drop anchor, as dictated by the circumstances;C- investigate all problems;D- have the passengers listen to music.

28- The first thing a recreational boater should do if he detects a minorleak is to:

A- jettison all heavy stores on board;B- use a bailer to remove accumulated water;C- locate the source of the leak;D- change the vessels speed according to the circumstances.

29- If a boat capsizes or runs aground, it is very important for itsoccupants to be wearing a PFD:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___

30- A person immersed in cold water may develop hypothermia:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___

31- Indicate which is a sign or symptom of hypothermia:

A- vomiting;B- intense perspiration;C- slow and weak pulse;D- rapid respiration.



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INTRODUCTION

32- Indicate which garment can offer additional protection againsthypothermia in cold water:

ODULE 6MTrip

lanningP

A- leather boots;lmet;B- motorcycle he

C- survival suit ;D- diving goggles.

33- Which of the following is a floating aid to navigation?

A- sonar;r telephone;B- cellula

C- radar;D- buoy.

34- What is the definition of a starboard buoy when you are proceedingupriver?

A- a green buoy that marks the port (left) side of the channel;l;B- a red buoy that marks the starboard (right) side of the channe

ort green light flashes;C- a buoy fitted with a light that emits shD- a buoy with red and green markings.

35- On the line to the left of each descriptive statement in Column Two,write the number of the term in Column One that is defined by thedescriptive statement:

1- Cardinal buoy

- Cautionary buoy2

- 'Keep out' buoy3

- Control buoy4

- Information buoy56- Starboard handdaybeacon

____ black and yellow in colour and ifequipped, a white flashing light

____ has a red triangle centred on a whitebackground

____ has an orange, open-faced squaresymbol on two opposite sides

____ has an orange, open-faced circle on two

opposite sides

____ has an orange diamond containing anorange cross

____ topmark bears a yellow "X".



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INTRODUCTION

The use of a ____________________ cadetermine the direction he is heading:

36- n help a recreational boater

A B C D

sailing plan:

A- compass;

B- binoculars;marine radio;C- VHFD- clock.

7- Identify three local hazards that can impede the operation of a boat:3

a- sudd e- shoalsen windsb- sun f- trees

fsc- bridges g- whard- overhead cables h- fish

- a,b,c - a,e,h - e,f,g - a,c,d

38- Which four important pieces of information must be included in a

a- vessel name and number,t or sailing vessel,b- whether a power-driven boa

ur,c- vessel size, type and colod- name of the home port,

e- boaters cellular phone number,of the boat,f- name of the manufacturer

g- office telephone number,

h- number of persons on board.

A- a,b,c,h B- a,b,d,g C- e,f,g,h D- a,d,e,h

MODULE 7

n Coast

d

CanadiadGuar

andCanadianCoast Guar

uxiliaryA

collaborate in marine safety

40- concerned, what is the Canadian Coast

39- Which of the following is a volunteer agency whose membersconduct search and rescue missions andawareness and prevention campaigns?

A- Royal Canadian Mounted Police;uxiliary;B- Canadian Coast Guard A

rd;C- Canadian Coast GuaD- Transport Canada.

Where boating safety isGuard's primary role?

A- Issue boat licenses;B- Enforce all the Canada Shipping Act;C- Enforce the Small Vessel Regulations;D- Conduct marine search and rescue (SAR) missions.



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MODULE 1 REQUIRED SAFE BOATING KNOWLEDGE

Unit 1.1

Acts, Regulationsand Code

Would you be surprised to learn that recreational boating is regulated? Well, it is,which is why it's important that you know, before setting off, that there are laws,regulations and local rules that apply to recreational boating, all of which are setout in different documents.

In the same way that motorists have to respect speed limits, the recreational

boater must also heed speed limits and minimal distances to maintain betweenvessels, as well as safety rules. Depending on where you sail or the type of vesselyou operate, you need to know the "rules of the road" of the area, as well as therelevant articles of the Criminal Code of Canada, which contain, for example,provisions on operating a vessel dangerously or while impaired. It is importantto be familiar with these rules before heading out; otherwise you could be liableto imprisonment or a fine.

To round out the knowledge that you acquire during this course, we recommendthat you consult, as a reference, the pertinent sections of the followingdocuments:

1. Canada Shipping Act

2. Contraventions Act

3. Boating Restriction Regulations

4. Charts and Nautical Publications Regulations

5. Collision Regulations

6. Small Vessel Regulations, and the

7. Criminal Code of Canada



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Unit 1.2

ProvisionsRegardingAssistance

Unit 1.3

CriminalCode ofCanada

The Collision Regulationsstate that every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safespeed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and bestopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances andconditions.

You should know the provisions of the Canada Shipping Actand the Criminal Codeof Canada pertaining to assistance.

The operator of a craft is to watch for signals that indicate distress and need ofassistance. In so far as he can do so without serious danger to his own craft andthe persons on board, he is to render assistance to every person who is found atsea and in danger of being lost.

It is important to know that a pleasure craft operator is required to stop and offerassistance when involved in an accident.

If you are boating in the territorial seas of Canada or on inland waters, you aresubject to the Criminal Code of Canada. For example, if you operate any boat ortug or are waterskiing in a manner likely to compromise boating safety or thesafety of others, you are subject to severe penalties. No one can ignore the law!

While it is fun to water ski, it is important that the operator realize that the boatis being used as a tug to tow a water skier (or a barefoot water skier, anaquaplane, water sled, tube, etc.). Two persons must be on board, the operatorlooking forward and the observer looking at the water skier ; there must also beseating available for the skier

This rule applies to all situations where a boat is towing anything including a

disabled boat.

The towing of a person is not permitted during the period from one hour aftersunset to sunrise.



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Continued

Unit 1.3

Criminal Code ofCanada

No pleasure craft used to tow a person or an object may be remotely controlled.

An operator may be prosecuted under the Criminal Code or be given a ticket:

If he operates a pleasure craft in a reckless manner that maycompromise the safety of others, without taking into consideration the

weather, visibility, vessel traffic or the number of persons and vessels inthe immediate vicinity of his craft, the manoeuvrability of his craft,navigation conditions and navigation hazards.

If he operates a pleasure craft in a reckless manner, without demonstratingconsideration for the well-being of others or without giving all dueattention, given the preceding factors, and without taking into account thesafety of others.

Consumes alcoholic beverages, drugs or other controlled substancesthat reduce the operators ability when steering or operating a boat.Operating a vessel while impaired is a criminal offence.

When operating a pleasure craft, it is important to avoid:

Standing up or changing seats in the case of a small boat, especially if itis loaded. If a person must absolutely change places, he should stay low,on the centre line, and hold on to the boat's gunwales;

Standing up to start an outboard motor;

Operating a power driven vessel without noise muffling system withinfive miles of the shoreline;

Needlessly setting off a sound signalling device or using a searchlight; Waiting for the last minute to indicate that he intends to conform to the Collision Regulations;

Operating too close to beaches, as swimmers are difficult to spot in thewater;



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Continued

Unit 1.3

Criminal Codeof Canada

Unit 2.1

Description of aPleasure Craft

Having only outdated charts and documents on board;

Towing a person on skis after dark;

Overloading a boat;

Proceeding at a high speed in or near an anchorage area;

Operating a boat that is unseaworthy;

Fastening a boat to a signal, buoy or to any other aid to navigation;

Wilfully altering a signal, buoy or any other aid to navigation;

Sending false distress messages;

Showing off in a reckless manner.

A pleasure craft is defined as a boat, small ship or any other vessel that is used

specifically for pleasure and not for commercial purposes. Its operation doesnot generate profits.



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MODULE 2 DESCRIPTION OF A PLEASURE CRAFT

Unit 2.1

Descriptionof a PleasureCraft

Outboard

Inboard

Inboard/outboard(I/O)

Others

Boat Hulls

Anyone thinking of purchasing a pleasure craft will soon discover that there aremany different types available each type having its own advantages anddisadvantages.

Outboard motorboats are widely used for sport fishing or for operating on smalllakes. The motor is almost invariably fitted out board, on the boat's transom, or ona special bracket fixed on the transom for sail boats. Depending on its weight, itcan be either detachable or fixed. The power generated by the motor is transmittedto a variable-direction propeller.

The engine is located inside the boat with an in-line propeller shaft. In some

applications the engine is mounted inside near the stern and a vee-drive transmitsthe power to a conventional propeller shaft. A rudder located behind the propelleris used to steer. When the propeller turns, it creates a jet or current of water whichstrikes the rudder and, according to the rudders angle, enables the operator to steerthe boat.

Also referred to as stern drive. The engine is inside the boat and attached throughthe transom to an out-drive similar in design to the lower unit of an outboard.

Some runabouts and personal watercraft are propelled using a water jet system.(see p.17) which are particularly advantageous in shallow locations. Hovercraft use

a propulsion system similar to propeller driven aircraft.

Boat Hulls:

Flat bottom hullsThese hulls are most commonly used in " fishing boats", "rowboats","Verchres", punts, etc.

"V" bottom hulls:Though these hulls offer good stability, their relatively deeper draft calls fordeeper waters.The intersection of the side and the bottom is called the chine.Some V bottom hulls have multiple chines.

Round bottom hulls:Many canoes and some sailboats have round bottoms. These boats move

easily through the water but are often unstable.

Vee BottomBoat

Flat BottomBoat

Round BottomBoat




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Unit 2.2

Categoriesof Pleasure Craft

2 hullCatamaran

3 hull

Trimaran

Monohull boatsUsed extensively in power and sail. Mono-hull sailboats have either fixedkeels or articulated (swing) keels, or centerboard . Large sailboats have afixed keel, ballast and are very safe.

Multi-hull boatsThese boats have more than one hull. For instance, the catamaran has twohulls and the trimaran, three. Their wide stance provides stability and thedesign provides stability and speed, especially in sailboats. However,multi-hull vessels are not as safe as mono-hulls because of the difficulty ingetting upright should they capsize in heavy seas. Some house boats andrecreational pontoon boats use the multi-hull design.

Personal watercraft (PWCs)The PWC is propelled by an engine operating a powerful pump that drawswater under the craft and forcefully projects it into a variable-directionnozzle, which makes it possible to steer the craft..

.MODULE 2 DESCRIPTION OF A PLEASURE CRAFT


Unit 2.3 A few diagrams will now be used to help explain some terms that are commonly


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BoatTerminology

used in boating. The use of a standardized vocabulary ensures that everyone hasthe same understanding. Colloquial expressions would be too wordy and notsufficiently precise. For example, without a standardized vocabulary, either sideof a boat could be its left side, depending on whether you are looking forward orbackward on board the boat.

To avoid confusion when operating the boat, you need only remember that ifyou were to stand at the back of the boat, facing forward, portwould be on yourleft side and starboard on your right. Wherever you are, the port side and

starboard side will always be the same. Please refer to the diagram below.

Bow

Port Starboard

Stern


Continued Unit 2.3 Boat Terminology



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Unit 2.4

Licensing,Registration

and Markings

Under the Small Vessel Regulations, all pleasure craft under 20 gross tons, poweredby an engine of 10 HP (7.5 kW) or more and operated in Canada must belicensed.

Licences are issuedfree of charge by Revenue Canada Customs and Excise. Aboat's licence number is permanent. If you sell your boat, you must make achange of ownership at a Customs House. The owner of a pleasure craftpowered by an engine under 10 HP or 7.5 kW may choose to have his boatlicensed.

Your craft's licence number is to be displayed on both sides as shownbelow:

Markings must be in block characters at least 7.5 cm (3 in.) high.



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Continued

Unit 2.4

Licensing,Registrationand Markings

Markings must be in a colour that contrasts with their background.

These markings are to be placed on both sides and as close as possible to thebow; they can either be positioned directly on the hull or on a plate permanentlyattached to the boat. The number must be clearly visible from each side of thevessel.

Registrationis mandatory for crafts over 20 gross tons; a registry fee is charged.To apply for registration, you need to supply proof of ownership and complete aform for registering the name of your vessel. Once this step is completed, anagent from the Canadian Coast Guard will need to measure the craft.

The minimum height of the block characters for the name of the boat is 10.3 cm(4 in.). The name is to appear on both sides of the bow and on the stern. Theport of registry must also be marked, under the name, with a minimum height of7.5 cm (3 in.). The name of the vessel and the port of registry must be in a colour

that contrasts with the background.

Pleasure craft 20 tons and under may be registered, but such a procedure is purelyoptional.

Do you currently own a mass-produced pleasure craft measuring 6 metres or lessin length and powered by an outboard motor of 10 HP (7.5 kW) or more? If so,you need to ensure that it carries a capacity plate, which must be permanentlyattached.



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Unit 2.5

Engine Powerand LoadCapacity Plate

The capacity plate establishes safe limits of engine power, load capacity and thenumber of people allowed on board.

Other than the name of the vessel's manufacturer and model, the plate indicatesthe "recommended gross load capacity" that can be safely carried in the hullconcerned. This capacity includes the:

total weight of the persons on board,

equipment,

stores,

fuel,

motor assembly,

steering controls.

If you build or import a boat, you must obtain a capacity platefor the vessel. It canbe obtained by writting to the office of Boating Safety in your region.

SafetyPrecautions As a safety precaution, avoid exceeding the recommended engine power, loadingthe craft over the "recommended gross load capacity" or over the "equivalentnumber of adult persons." Position the passengers and gear on board so as toevenly distribute the weight. The craft's centre of gravity must be lowered bykeeping the load as low as possible on board the craft. Then lash the gear orstow it in lockers designed specifically for that purpose. In so doing, you willprevent uncontrolled movement of the gear, which can result in injuries or evenloss of life to persons on board.



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ContinuedUnit 2.5

Engine Power andLoad CapacityPlate

For safety reasons, the recommended safe limit of engine power should not beexceeded; the limit is determined on the basis of the hull and the recommendedgross load capacity.

This Conformity Plate states that a vessel to which it isattached meets the Construction Standardissued by theCanadian Coast Guard/Transport Canada.



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MODULE 3 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

Unit 3.1 Safety Equipment On BoardThe minimal equipment that you are required to have on board depends on your craft's length and type.

ou must also know how to use this equipment and maintain it, as well as ensure its proper functioning.Y

Minimum Required Safety Equipment

Up to 6 m Up to 6 m

One personal flotation

device (PFD) oronelifejacket of appropriate sizefor each person on board

One buoyant heaving line(15 m)

One manual propelling

device (oar) orone anchorwith 15 m of cable, rope orchain

One bailer orone manualse)water pump (with ho

One Class 5BC fireextinguisher

( if vessel has inboardmotor or fixed fuel tank

ora fuel-burning heatingor cooking appliance)

(if vessel has a fuel-burning heating orcooking appliance)

(2 if vessel is powered

andif it has a fuel-burningheating or cooking

appliance)

One watertight flashlight

(or3 flares ofeitherTypeA, B, or C

One reboarding device(free-board of more than0.5 m)

Pyrotec(flares)

hnic distress signals 3 flares of either Type

A, B, or C (oronewatertight flashlight)

(1)6 flares of either TypeA, B, C

One sound signalling device

Navigation lights (2)

(2) (2)

EQUIPMENT Powered Unpowered6 to 8 m

(1)- Vessel is exempt if it is operating in a river, canal or lake in which it can at no time be more than one nautical mile fromshore; oris engaged in an official competition and has no sleeping arrangements.(2)- Navivisibility.

gation lights are required only if the craft is operated after sunset and before sunrise or in periods of restricted



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Unit 3.1 Continued Safety Equipment On Board

Minimum Required Safety Equipment

QUIPMENT 8 to 12 m 12 to 20 m More than 20 m

One personal flotation device orone one lifejacket of appropriatesize for each person on board

One buoyant heaving line (15 m) (15 m) (30 m)Life buoy(s) 1 life buoy with a

diameter of 610-mm or762-mm, attached to a 15-

m buoyant heaving line

with a 610-mm or 762-mmoutside diameter (attached toa 15-m buoyant heaving lineequipped with a self-igniting

light)

two 762-mm outsidediameter life buoys(attachedto buoyant lines of at least30 m, one of which musthave a self-igniting light)

One anchor ( with 30 m of cable,rope or chain)

(with 50 m of cable, ropeor chain)

(50 m of cable, rope orchain)

One bailer andone manualpump (with hose)

One Class IOBC fireextinguisher

(2 if vessel is powered

andhas a fuel-burningheating , cooking orrefrigerating appliance)

(located at each entranceof the space where a fuel-burning cooking , heating orrefrigerating appliance is

fitted andone at entrance toaccommodation space, oneat entrance to engine room)

(located at each entranceof the space where a fuel-burning cooking ,heating orrefrigerating appliance is

fitted andone at entrance toaccommodation space, oneat entrance to engine room)

One watertight flashlight Fire axe 1 2

Fire buckets 2 buckets (min.10 litres) 4 buckets (min. 10 litres)Reboarding device freeboard more than 0.5

m

12 pyrotechnic distress signalsof either Type A, B, C or D(max. of 6 Type D)

(1)

Bilge pumping equipment One lifting harness withappropriate line

One power fire pump locatedoutside the machinery spacewith one fire hose and nozzle

One sound signalling device 2 2Navigation lights

(1)- Exempt if vessel may be no more than one nautical mile from shore; or engaged in an officialcompetition or in the final preparation for an official competition and has no sleeping arrangements.



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Unit 3.1ContinuedOn-Board SafetyEquipment

PersonalWatercraft (PWC)

PaddleboatsWatercycles

Sailboards

Required Equipment

One Canadian approved personal flotation device (PFD) orone Canadian approved lifejacket of appropriate size for eachperson on board must be worn.

One buoyant heaving line of at least 15 metres One watertight flashlight or 3 Canadian-approved flares ofeither Type A, B or COne sound signalling device or appliance Navigation lights that comply with the provisions of the

Collision Regulationsif the pleasure craft is operated between sunsetand sunrise or in periods of restricted visibility. The CanadianCoast Guard and PWC manufacturers strongly advise againstoperating a PWC at night.

Required EquipmentOne Canadian approved personal flotation device or one Canadianapproved lifejacket of appropriate size for each person aboard whichmust be worn. Otherwise, one buoyant heaving line of not less than 15min length, a watertight flashlight or 3 Canadian approved flares of typesA, B or C must be kept on board.

One Canadian approved personal flotation device or one Canadianapproved lifejacket of appropriate size for each person aboard whichmust be worn. Otherwise, one buoyant heaving line of not less than 15min length, one manual propelling device, a watertight flashlight or3Canadian approved flares of types A, B or C must be kept on board.

Arm signal. Do not use this

signal near helicopters

(different meaning)



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ContinuedUnit 3.1

On-Board SafetyEquipment

Provisions of theCollisionRegulationsrespectingadditionalrequirements

EmergencySupplyCheck List

Navigational equipment :For paddleboats, watercycles and sailboards,one sound signaling device and navigational lights that meet theapplicable standards set out in the Collision Regulationsif the pleasure craftis operated after sunset and before sunrise or in periods of restrictedvisibility.

Radar Reflector

A pleasure craft that is less than 20 metres in length or constructed primarily ofnon-metallic materials must be equipped with a radar reflector.

This regulation applies to all categories of craft which navigate offshore, onwaters where commercial traffic is present, in fishing zones and under restrictedvisibility.

The radar reflector must be mounted at a height of not less than 4 metersabove the water, if possible.

A pleasure craft may be exempt if it operates in limited traffic conditions,daylight, and good weather and where the use of the reflector is not essentialfor the safety of the craft

Or, unless the small size of the craft or the fact of operating it away fromradar navigation makes it impossible to comply to the provision.

EMERGENCY SUPPLIES CHECK LIST

It's important to carry an emergency kit on board a pleasure craft at all times;the kit may consist of a watertight plastic bag containing the following items:

1. one flashlight,2. one whistle,3. one knife,4. one first aid kit,5. emergency rations,6. drinking water, and7. dry clothing.



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Unit 3.2

PyrotechnicDistressSignals(flares)

You need to be aware that "pyrotechnic distress signals" must be carried onboard a pleasure craft and must be approved by "Department of Transport,Canada," as described in the Small Vessel Regulations.

Pyrotechnic distress signals provide an excellent way of attracting attentionshould your craft be in difficulty, or should you wish to indicate your positionduring a search and rescue operation.

However, crafts that measure from 6 metres to 12 metres in length are exemptfrom carrying pyrotechnic distress signals on board:

if they operate in a river, canal or lake in which they can at no time be morethan one mile from shore;

OR

if they are engaged in an official competition or in final preparation for anofficial competition and have no sleeping arrangements.

Pleasure craft more than 8 metres in length must have 12 approved flares onboard of Type A, B, C or D, not more than 6 of which are of Type D.

It should be noted that the date of manufacture must always be permanentlymarked on each signal. In order for pyrotechnic distress signals to meet therequirements, not more than four years can have elapsed since the date of theirmanufacture. Each signal must be stamped with an approval number. Allpyrotechnic distress signals must be factory-waterproofed.

Pyrotechnic flares should be stored in a cool, dry location and in a watertightcontainer. Since they will likely be used in an emergency, they should be readilyaccessible.



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ContinuedUnit 3.2

PyrotechnicDistressSignals

Recognition anduse of distresssignals

PyrotechnicSignal:Their Features

As illustrated on the preceding page, distress signals also include those sent orindicated by:

1- VHF radio;2- SOS signal with a light or a sound signaling device or appliance.3- emergency position indicating radio beacons (EPIRB);4- code flags;5- distress cloth;

6- arm signals;7- sound signaling devices;8- pyrotechnical flares;9- dye markers in the water;

10- flashlights.

The operator of a pleasure craft must be able to recognize, and be able to use,the following signals:

- A flare gun or other explosive signal fired at intervals of one minute;- A continuous sounding with a fog signal;

- Rockets or shells, firing red stars one at a time at brief intervals;- A telegraphic light or sound signals consisting of the group SOS in the

Morse code;- A radio signal consisting of the spoken word MAYDAY;- The International Code Signal of distress indicated by the flags N

over C;- A signal consisting of a square flag having above or below it a ball or

anything resembling a ball;- A square shape or anything resembling a square shape;- A high intensity white light flashing at intervals of 50 to 70 times per

minute.

TypeA " Parachutes"are easily observed from surface or air and burn for atleast 40 seconds.Type B "Multi-Stars"are readily observed from surface or air and burn fourto five seconds. Some flare pistols project only one star at a time, hence twoflares must be fired within 15 seconds of each other at intervals of one minute.Twice as many cartridges are required to meet the regulations.Type C "Hand-Helds"have limited surface visibility and are best observedduring an air search. They burn for at least a minuteType D "Buoyant or Hand-Held"smoke flares must be used as a day distresssignal only. They are not visible at night.They burn for about 3 minutes.

To dispose of outdated flares:

(1) Seek advice from the nearest law enforcement agency, Canadian CoastGuard office or fire department.

(2) Ask the retailer to take back expired flares when a new purchase ismade.



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Unit 3.3

Light Signals

After dark, objects ashore or on the water are barely visible. In boating, positionlights are used to assist us in navigating; these lights are descirbed in the CollisionRegulations.

These navigation lights must be displayed from sunset to sunrise and in restrictedvisibility, and in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary. Llightcharacteristics vary according to a vessels size and type. If a craft is over 8

metres in length, it must be fitted with permanent lights.

Sailing vessels fitted with a motor must exhibit the same lights required by apower-driven vessel of similar length when being propelled by machinery. Sailingvessels proceeding under sail and also being propelled by machinery are toexhibit a black cone shape, apex downwards, by day.

Canadian modification

"In the Canadian waters of a roadstead,

harbour, river, lake or inland waterway, avessel of less than 12 metres in lengthproceeding undersail when also beingpropelled by machinery is not required toexhibit a conical shape, apex downwards."

The various possibilities for positioning lights will depend on the length and typeof pleasure craft.

1. From sunset to sunrise, motor boats must display a masthead light, twosidelights and a sternlight, when underway.

Unit 3.4

NavigationLights

Option 1 (less than 50 metres) Option 2 (less than 20 metres)

MotorBoats



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Continued

Unit 3.4

NavigationLights

2- Motor boats less than 12 metreslong, when under way, have athird option.

Option 3

SailingVessels

3- Sailing vessels, when under way, must respect the configurations shown

below. However, please note that the red-over-green all-around lightsmust not be exhibited in conjunction with the red-green-white combinedlantern illustrated in Option 3.

Option 1 Option 2

4- Sailing vessels less than 20 metreslong have a third optionacombined red, green and whitelantern (sidelights and sternlight).

Option 3



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ContinuedUnit 3.4

NavigationLights

Option 4

5- Sailing vessels less than 7 metreslong, when under way, have afourth option (see left).

Vessels UnderOars

6- A vessel under oars [paddles], when under way, exhibits:

Option 1 Option 2

When a vessel less than 50 metres in length is anchored, a white all-around lightmust be displayed forward.

The operator of a sailing craft less than 7 metres long that is under way mustdisplay, from sunset to sunrise, if possible, sidelights and a sternlight, but if theoperator is unable to, he must be ready to immediately display, to avoid collision,a flashlight or white-lighted lantern.

If you are on board a pleasure craft propelled solely by oars or paddles, you candisplay, from sunset to sunrise, sidelights and a sternlight, but if the operatordoes not, he must be ready to immediately display a white light with a flashlightor white-lighted lantern, to prevent a collision.



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Unit 3.5

PFDs,Lifejackets andMaintenance

Personal floatation devices (PFDs)or lifejackets must be carried on board andand be of an approved type, bearing a stamp or label indicating they have been soapproved by "Department of Transport, Canada". The Department of Fisheriesand Oceans/Canadian Coast Guard also approves personal flotation devices(PFDs).If you repair or alter your personal flotation devices (PFDs) or lifejackets, their

approved status becomes void as they will no longer meet the requirements.

You should choose this piece of equipment carefully, bearing in mind the type ofactivity it is intended for. Lifesaving cushions are no longer accepted as approvedPFDs and throwable floating devices. Inflatable PFDs are prohibited for personswho are under 16 years of age and who weigh less than 36.3 kg (80 lb), forpersons on board a personal water craft (PWC) or white water activities orimpact water sports.

PFDs fitted with an automatic inflator are not permitted for sailboarding. Tosatisfy the regulations, if only inflatable PFDs are available on board a vessel,

then they must be worn by persons on deck or readily available to persons belowdeck.

N.B. Flotation devices approved by the U.S. Coast Guard are not recognized on Canadianvessels as part of the required safety equipment.



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ContinuedUnit 3.5

StandardLifejacket

Small vesselLifejacket

Personal flotationdevices [PFDs]

Lifejacketsand

Maintenance

Model Keyhole Keyhole type Vest, coat, coverall type,keyhole type

Reversible? Yes Yes NoOutside colour Orange, red or yellow(1) Orange, red or yellow(1) Orange, red or yellow(1)Inside colour Orange, red or yellow Orange, red or yellowSizing "adults" Universal over41 kg

(90 lb)Universal Chest size and/or weight

Sizing "children" Universal over41 kg(90 lb)

Universal Weight only, 3 categories

Type of boatingactivity

Abandon shipEmergency use

Abandon ship, emergencyuse in sheltered waters

Pleasure boating. Forconstant wear where risk

of drowning exists.Turns unconsciousperson face up inwater?

Yes Yes, for most people No, provides flotationonly

Advantages High buoyancy, turningability in rough weather.

Simple to put on.

Reduced buoyancy andturning ability. Simple to

put on.

Comfortable. Widerange of styles/sizes

available for recreational

boating.Disadvantages Bulky anduncomfortable

Bulky and uncomfortable No turning ability

(1) Other colours are accepted only for PFDs colours for lifejackets are stillonly red, orange or yellow.

ContinuedUnit 3.5


The operator of a pleasure craft should locate the required safety equipment inreadily accessible places on board the craft. For example, personal flotationdevices should be kept in a dry, well ventilated and readily accessible place. They

should therefore not be placed at the bottom of cupboards or gear lockers wherethey may be subject to the harmful effects of humidity. They should be allowedto dry in the open air, not close to a direct heat source, and not exposed tosunlight.

Clean them with a mild soap or running water. Strong detergents or gasolineshould not be used. Do not dry clean them.



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ContinuedUnit 3.5


Unit 3.6

Using On-BoardSafetyEquipment

What to Look forin a PFD

The following technique is designed to help you test your PFD or lifejacket:

put your PFD or lifejacket on,

wade out into chest-deep water, bend your knees, then

float on your back.

Your PFD or lifejacket should keep your chin above water so thatyou can breathe easily.

PFDs and lifejackets should not be used as cushions or boat fenders; such usemay damage them. If damaged, PFDs and lifejacket are no longer DOTapproved.

PFDs and lifejackets are used to prevent drownings. People on board a pleasurecraft should always wear either a PFD or lifejacket. The following factors should

be taken into consideration when choosing a PFD or lifejacket:

it should be snug, but allow for freedom of movement (bend atwaist, move arms and legs);

it must be properly sized for the person ("Adult" for an adult;"Child" for a child);

it must be appropriate for the water activity;

the lifejacket must provide sufficient buoyancy to turn an

unconscious person from the face-down to the face-upposition.

Putting on a PFD It is important to practice putting on a PFD while in the water. Follow the stepsbelow:

spread the device open with the inside facing up out of thewater;

rotate the device so as to look at the neck opening;

extend both arms through arm openings;

lift arms over the head and position the device around theupper body;

fasten the device to fit snugly.



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MODULE 4 SAFETY ON BOARD

Unit 4.1

Sound Signals andConduct ofPleasure Craft inSight of OtherVessels

No matter where a vessel is being operated, certain rules must be respected.When out fishing on a small lake, some boaters may believe that they areexempt from these rules. However, when two vessels are within sight of theother, their operators are obligated to follow the same rules. Particular cautionmust be exercised when operating in the same waters as sailing vessels orcommercial vessels. Fishers taking part in a tournament in waters where varioustypes of vessels are operating need to know the rules respecting collisions.

All small craft operators must comply with the International Regulations for thePrevention of Collisions at Sea and the Canadian modifications respecting the highseas and all connected waters navigable by vessels.

Whether enjoying a bright sunny day or enveloped in a dense fog, boaters areobliged to abide by certain rules established to ensure safety. It is obviouslyvery important to be able to operate the craft under all weather conditions,including poor visibility.

The operator of a pleasure power driven craft must take early and substantial

action to keep well clear of a vessel engaged in fishing or a sailing vessel. Theoperator of a sailing vessel must also take early and substantial action to keepwell clear of a vessel engaged in fishing.

The first two rules to follow are :(1) at all times, maintain a proper lookout by sight and sound and(2) proceed at a speed so that proper and evasive action may be taken to avoid

a collision.

In most circumstances, power-driven craft must give way to sailing vessels,canoes and craft under oars.

PORT:If a power-drivenvessel approacheswithin this sector,maintain your courseand speed, withcaution.

Bow

Port Starboard

Stern

If any vessel approaches thissector, maintain your courseand speed, with caution.

STARBOARD: If anyvessel approaches withinthis sector, keep out of itsway. [Note: This rulemay not always apply ifone or both vessels aresailboats.]




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Unit 4.1 Sound Signals and Conduct of Pleasure Craft in Sight of Other Vessels

ContinuedUnit 4.1

Sound Signals andConduct ofPleasure Craft in

Sight of OtherVessels

"A" blows one blastand alters course tostarboard.

"B" blows one blast andalters course to starboard.

"A" keeps clear of "B"

"B" keeps clear of"D"

"C" keeps clear of "A"and "B"

"D" keeps clear of "A"and "C"

A

"A" keeps clear of andmust avoid crossingahead of "B".

Any vessel overtaking anothermust keep clear.

A power-driven vesselmust keep clear of asailing vessel.

Note: Pleasure craft engaged in fishing are not considered as a fishing vessel according to the Collision Regulations, andmust obey the rules of the road as shown above.



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Continued

Unit 4.1

Sound Signals andConduct of PleasureCraft in Sight of

Other Vessels

In a narrow channel, a power-driven vessel less than 20metres long or a sailing vesselmust not impede the passage ofa vessel which can navigatesafely only within the channel.In the same way, the Collision

Regulationsspecify that theformer vessel is not to impedethe passage of power-drivenvessels following a traffic lane.

Sailing Vessels:a) The operator of a sailing vessel that has the wind on her port side

is to take early and substantial action to keep well clear of anothersailing vessel on the same tack to leeward, and avoid crossing

ahead of her.

b) When both sailing vessels have the wind on the same side, thevessel to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel toleeward.

c) If a sailing vessel with the wind on the port side cannot determinewith certainty whether the other sailing vessels have the wind onthe port or on the starboard side, it is to keep well out of the wayof the sailing vessels.

d) The windward side is deemed to be the side opposite to that onwhich the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-riggedvessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore-and-aftsail is carried. In addition, a pleasure craft that is not obliged tokeep well out of the way of other vessels should keep its headingand speed. Below, the dotted arrow indicates that this vessel mustgive way to the other.

Wind

Wind



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Power-Driven Vessels

Continued

Unit 4.1

Sound Signalsand Conduct of

Pleasure Craft inSight of OtherVessels

a) The operator of a power-driven craft, which has other power-driven vesselson his starboard side, is to take early and substantial action to keep well clearof the vessels and must, according to the circumstances, avoid crossing aheadof them.

b) The operator of a pleasure craft overtaking another vessel is to take early

and substantial action to keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.

The operator of a pleasure craft of less than 12 metres long must carry soundsignalling appliances or some other means of making a sound signal.

As well, the operator of a craft in an area of restricted visibility, either by day orby night, must use sound signalling appliances to indicate the presence of hiscraft.



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ContinuedUnit 4.1

Sound Signalsand Conduct ofPleasure Craft inSight of OtherVessels

STRICT ADHERENCE TO RULES OF CONDUCT

If you operate or use a boat, an air cushion vehicle, waterskis, surfboard or anytowed object in a dangerous manner, you are guilty of a criminal offence and aresubject to imprisonment or a fine.

Under the Criminal Code of Canada, this offence includes:

operating a vessel while impaired,

towing a skier or person(s) on a riding device between one hourafter sunset and sunrise,

towing a person on skis without anyone on board keeping watch,and

failing to stop at the scene of an accident.

Entering andExiting Locks

Vessels waiting to enter a lock must not obstruct the path of exiting vessels.

A green light indicates that the lock is ready for operation and vessels mayproceed into the lock. A red light indicates the lock is not ready for operationand vessels may not proceed past the limit of approach. A flashing red lightindicates the lock is being prepared for operation, and vessels may not proceedpast the limit of approach.

Upon entering the lock chamber, vessels must be tied to the mooring cables onthe walls of the lock. Lines are to be tied loosely to permit movement; if tied tootightly, lines may become taut and cause the vessel to capsize.

Once secured inside the lock, shut off all engines and all propane and heatingdevices and extinguish all flames and smoking material.

Any boater with problems entering or exiting the lock should request assistancefrom the lock operator.



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ContinuedUnit 4.1

Meaning ofCode Flags

The International Code of Signals: Meaning of the code flags

The Code Flag "A" (white and blue) indicates "I have a diver down." ALLVESSELS MUST KEEP WELL CLEAR AT A SLOW SPEED.

The "red and white" flag is used to mark areas where diving is in progress.VESSELS SHOWING THIS FLAG ARE RESTRICTED IN THEIR ABILITY

TO MOVE.

The red and white flag carried on a buoy is used to mark areas where diving is inprogress.

Air CushionVehicles (ACVs)

An ACV is most controllable andcreates minimum wash whenmoving at high speeds. Do notbe alarmed at high speedoperation.

Conductin Sightof Other Vessels

Unit 4.2

Effects ofMovement

When operating, an ACV has no draught. Unlike other vessels, it can head toshore or shallow water at high speed.

ACVs are fitted with an all-round flashing yellow light.

In Canada, most navigable waterways must be shared with other users, includingresidents living near waterways. In this case, you are to:

Stay well clear of swimmers and properties;

Adjust the speed of your craft so that the wash and wake generated bythe passage of the craft does not result in injuries to persons, erosionof the shoreline or damage to the properties;

Observe the provisions of the Collision Regulations;

Use courtesy and common sense so as not to create a hazard, a threat,a stress or an irritant to yourself, to others, to the environment, or towildlife.

The following elements can reduce a person's ability to operate a pleasure craftand can negatively affect persons on board:

sunlight,

waves,

sound, and/or

alcohol and drugs,



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ContinuedUnit 4.2

Effects ofMovement

Unit 4.3Speed Limits

the motion of the craft, and

the wind.

These elements may effect the person's:

balance,

co-ordination,

reflexes and response time,

judgment,

eyesight, and/or hearing.

With respect to speed limits, you should know that Boating Restriction Regulationsand local regulations are in effect for certain waters in Canada regarding:

prohibited types of vessels,

speed limits,

maximum engine power limits, and

The Collision Regulationsstate that every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safespeed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and bestopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances andconditions.



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ContinuedUnit 4.3Speed Limits

Unit 4.4Refuelling

The pleasure craft operator must at all times proceed at a safe speed, taking thefollowing factors into account:

visibility,

traffic density, wind strength, sea and currents, proximity of navigational hazards.

All pleasure craft operators are "responsible for their waves." The operator mustat all times proceed with caution at a speed such that "wash and wake" will notadversely affect:

any type or category of vessel: vessels underway, docked vessels,anchored vessels, grounded vessels, and even wrecks;

the shorelines and work being carried out there (docks, floats,wetlands, recreational beaches, among others);

any other waterway users, such as swimmers, water-skiers, divers,and others.

Operators of all vessels in or near an area of restricted visibility must proceed ata safe speed.

In bad weather, the operator must slow down so as to maintain total control ofhis craft in order to avoid the risk of causing injuries or loss of life to persons on

board or any damage.

All operators of a pleasure craft proceeding at a high speed must be particularlyattentive so as to be able to stop in an emergency, given the effect of"hydroplaning" that increases the stopping distance.

When refueling a pleasure craft equipped with a gas or diesel engine, thefollowing precautions are to be taken:

Moor the boat securely to the wharf.

Shut off the engines. Instruct all occupants of the boat who are not involved in refuelling

to go ashore.

Extinguish all open flames.

Do not smoke in the area reserved for refuelling.

Turn off all electric equipment.



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Continued

Unit 4.4

Refuelling

Close doors, windows and hatches to prevent any air currents.

Put portable fuel tanks ashore.

Keep nozzle against filler pipe.

Do not overfill. Wipe up any spillage.

Turn on the engine space blower for at least four (4) minutesimmediately before starting the engine(s).

Check for odours or fuel vapour before starting the engine(s).

Propane TanksPropane tanks must be fastened securely in a ventilated area and, if in acompartment, have an outlet below the tank to the outside so that any propanevapor can easily flow overboard. Precautions must be taken to stop any propanevapor entering the hull as these vapors accumulate in the bilge of the vesselcausing a risk of explosion.



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MODULE 5 EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Unit 5.1

InformingPersonsOn Board

The pleasure craft operator should inform all persons on board about the following safety pointsbefore heading out.

the location of personal flotation devices or lifejackets;

the techniques for putting on personal flotation devices or lifejackets;

the techniques for putting on personal flotation devices or lifejackets

when in the water; the importance of wearing personal flotation devices or lifejackets at all

times;

the location of the emergency kit;

the importance of keeping oneself low, on the centre line, and holding onto a rigid part of the pleasure craft while moving around on board;

the importance of keeping one's hands, arms and legs inside the pleasurecraft when approaching or leaving a dock;

the effects of the motion of the pleasure craft, sunlight, waves, wind,sound and alcohol on them; and

their roles in the event of emergencies.

Unit 5.2Person Overboard

Did you know that 40% of people who accidentally fall into the water do notsurvive? When moving around on board a small craft, it is very important to keeplow and to hold on to a rigid part of the pleasure craft to avoid falling overboard.Generally, the boat operator should know how to retrieve the person from thewater. To recover a person overboard, follow this procedure:

1. The first person that sees or is aware of a person overboard yells out : Man Overboard! so that the person who has fallen overboard is

aware that you have seen him fall and so the rest of the crew is alertedto the danger.

2. Throw a floating object overboard to mark the spot. A life jacket or acushion could be used.

3. Never loose sight of the MOB; in darkness , keep a light on him at alltimes.Record position of MOB if possible.

4. Slowly and carefully maneuver the vessel towards him.5. Carefully approach the MOB; toss a heaving line or lifebuoy, draw the

MOB closer to the vessel so as to enable him to use the appropriatereboarding device (see the drawing on page 45)

6. Stop engine(s) if MOB is in danger of being injured by propellers.

The diagram below shows a short and effective way in open waters of returning onyour track quickly, provided the conditions are favorable. This maneuver requirespractice.



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ContinuedUnit 5.2

Person Overboard

Exercise caution when bringing

the person back on board, asmany rescuers have been pulledinto the water by the personbeing rescued.

It is the duty of the operator ofa vessel to put into practice hisknowledge and varioustechniques for recovering aperson overboard.

Rescue procedures should be practised so that every person on

board is familiar with the safety equipment, the tasks to becompleted and the movement of the pleasure craft.Unit 5.3

Breakdowns

In the event of a breakdown, the pleasure craft operator must, above all, actquickly and in a safe manner. The actions to take in response to breakdowns onboard include:

Altering the craft's speed, as appropriate to the circumstances.

Anchoring the craft, as appropriate to the circumstances.

Investigating the problem.

Correcting the problem, if possible.

Using or exhibiting signals to indicate distress and need of

assistance, if necessary.

Prevention and maintenance make it possible to avoid many problems and to actquickly and in a safe manner at all times.

Unit 5.4Hull Leaks

When an abnormal accumulation of water in the boat is detected, it most oftenmeans that the hull has been damaged. The situation must be correctedimmediately as there is a danger of sinking. The boat operator must at all timeshave the equipment and tools required to temporarily stop any leaks which mayoccur in the hull.



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ContinuedUnit 5.4

Hull Leaks

Here are a few recommendations to follow in response to a hull leak or flooding:

Locate the source of the hull leak or the flooding.

Stop the leakage or the source of flooding, if possible.

Remove accumulations of water in the hold or other

compartments of the pleasure craft by incorporating either hand-held bailers, manual pumps or bilge pumping systems, asappropriate to the circumstances and to the craft.

Use or exhibit signals to indicate distress and need of assistance, ifnecessary.

Unit 5.5

Capsizing,Swamping,Sinking andGrounding

An emergency situation can arise at any time, regardless of the location, time ofthe day or prevailing weather conditions. The role of a competent pleasure craftoperator is to safely and rapidly correct such situations, as human lives may be atstake. It is thus very important for the operator to take the following actions ifthe boat capsizes, becomes swamped, is sinking or grounded:

Don personal flotation devices or lifejackets;

Stay with the craft, when appropriate;

Account for persons previously on board; and

Use or exhibit signals to indicate distress and need of assistance,if necessary.

The operator must use all means possible to obtain assistance, using either theradio or other sound or visual signals. The operator of a craft who observes or isinformed of such a need must render assistance.



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Unit 5.6

Cold WaterImmersion andWind Chill

Action to beTaken in thePresence of aPerson SufferingfromHyperthermia.

Hypothermia is a condition in which a person's body temperature has becomeunusually low. It most frequently develops when a person is exposed toabnormally low temperatures. This can include immersion in cold water,exposure to cool air in water-soaked clothing, or prolonged exposure to low airtemperatures.

The main heat loss areas are the:

A- chest,B- neck,C- head andD. groin area.

Signs and SymptomsAt the early stage, the person shivers, has slurred speech and is withdrawn. Thepulse then becomes slow and weak, the respiration is slow and the mental stateconfused. The person gradually loses consciousness and may eventually die.

First Aid

1. Remove the person from the source of cold exposure.2. Provide dry shelter.3. If possible, prevent further decrease in body temperature and warm theperson`s body gradually by:

- replacing wet clothing with dry clothing,- wrapping the person in blankets,- placing dry coverings over the person,- covering the person`s head and neck,- covering the person with an insulating device and vapour barrier,

- applying warm dry objects (40to 45C).4 .Offer warm liquids but do not give alcohol or hot stimulants to the person.

5. Do not rub or massage the surface of the person`s body or extremities.6. Use or exhibit signals to indicate distress and need of assistance, if necessary.

NEVER RUB the person's body in an effort to warm him up. Movehypothermic victims as gently as possible.

In the case of immersion in cold water, the following positions should be adopted:

Single person wearing a flotation device:fetal position.




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ContinuedUnit 5.6

Cold WaterImmersion orWind Chill Two or more persons: huddle.

Try to climb onto any nearby floatingobjects.

The following garments may provide additional protection against

hypothermia:.

1. Dry suit,2. Wet suit,3. Immersion suit,4. Survival suit,5. Exposure coveralls,6. Multiple light layers of dry clothing,7. Water- or wind-proof outer layer.

Effects of Cold Water Immersion

Water Temperature C Weakness or loss of consciousness Death00 Less than 15 minutes less than 60 minutes

10to 50 15 to 30 minutes 30 to 90 minutes50to 100 30 to 60 minutes 2 to 4 hours100to 150 1 to 2 hours 3 to 6 hours150to 200 2 to 7 hours 5 to 10 hours

200to 270 3 to 12 hours more than 3 hours270and more unlimited Unlimited



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Aids toNavigation

red with one green horizontal bandred light, composite groupF1 (2+1) 6s OR F1 (2+1) 10s (ifequiped);

if unlighted, it as a pointed conical top;

topmark is a single red cone, pointing upward (if equiped);

lettered, no numbers;

red retroreflective material.

A "north cardinal buoy"

is located to the north of a hazard;

its top half is black and lower half yellow;

if it carries a topmark, the topmark is black cones, one above theother, that point upward;

if it carries a light, the light is white and is a quick flashing (Q) 1sor very quick flashing (VQ) 0.5 s;

if it does not carry a light, it is normally spar shaped ;

lettered, no numbers.

A "east cardinal buoy" is located to the east of a hazard;

is coloured black with one broad horizontal yellow band in themiddle;

its topmark is two black cones, one above the other, base to base;



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ContinuedUnit 6.1

Aids toNavigation

if it carries a light, the light is white and is a group quick flashingthree (Q3) 10 s or a group very quick flashing threeVQ (3) 5 s;

if it does not carry a light, it is normally spar-shaped.


A "south cardinal buoy" is black and yellow :

it is located to the south of a hazard;

its top half is yellow and bottom half black;

its topmark is two black cones, one above the other, pointsdownward;

if it carries a light, the light is white and is a group quick flashingsix plus long flash (Q(6)+LF1) 15s light or group very quickflashing six plus long flash (VQ(6)+LF1) 10 s light;

if it does not carry a light, it is normally spar-shaped ;


A "west cardinal buoy"

is located to the west of a hazard;

is coloured yellow with one broad black horizontal band in themiddle;

its topmark is two black cones, one above the other, point topoint;

if the buoy carries a light, the light is white and is a group quick

flashing nine (Q(9) 15s light or a group very quick flashing nine(VQ(9) 10s light;

if it does not carry a light, it is normally spar-shaped.

- lettered, no numbers



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MODULE 6 OPERATING A SMALL CRAFT

ContinuedUnit 6.1

Aids to

Navigation

A "cautionary buoy" is a buoy that:

marks areas of danger, such as racing courses, firing ranges,

seaplane bases, underwater structures or areas where no safethrough channel exists and of traffic separations;

is coloured yellow;

displays identification letter(s);

has a topmark that is a single yellow "X";

if it carries a light, the light is yellow and is a flashing (F1) 4s light.

A "diving buoy":

marks an area where scuba diving activity is in progress;

is coloured white; carries a red flag with a white diagonal stripe extending from the

tip of the hoist to the opposite corner;


A "keep out buoy" is a buoy that:

marks an area where boats are prohibited;

is coloured white and has an orange diamond containing anorange cross on two opposite sides and two orange horizontalbands, one above and one below the diamond;


A "control buoy":

marks an area where boating is restricted;

is coloured white;

has an orange, open-faced circle on two opposite sides and twohorizontal orange bands, one above and below the circles; a blackfigure or symbol inside the orange circles indicates the nature ofthe restriction in effect;




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MODULE 6 OPERATING A SMALL CRAFT

ContinuedUnit 6.1

A "hazard buoy":

marks random hazards such as rocks or shoals;

is coloured white;

has an orange diamond on two opposite sides and two orangehorizontal bands, one above and one below the diamonds;


An "information buoy":

displays information of interest to mariners;

is coloured white and has an orange open-faced square on twoopposite sides and two orange horizontal bands, one above andone below the squares;


A "swimming buoy":

marks the perimeter of a zone reserved for swimming;

is coloured white;


A "port hand day beacon":

marks the port (left) side of a channel or the location of a danger

and must be kept on the port (left) side of a pleasure craft whenproceeding upstream;

has a black or green square centered on a white background with agreen reflecting border.

A "starboard hand day beacon":

marks the starboard (right) side of a channel or the location of adanger and must be kept on the starboard (right) side of apleasure craft when proceeding upstream;

has a red triangle centered on a white background with a redreflecting border.

"Ranges " are beacons that: normally consist of two or more fixed navigation marks situated

some distance apart and at different elevations.

provide a recommended track for navigators when both marks arein line;

.



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ContinuedUnit 6.1

NavigationAids

"Posted command signs or warning signs" include:

no wake zone signs;

no anchorage area signs;

speed limit zone signs;

low head dam hazard signs;

power line hazard signs;

pipe line hazard signs.

Unit 6.2Compasses

The compass.

A freely suspended magnet points to Magnetic North, not True North.The difference is called the variation and is indicated on the compass rose on

marine charts.

A magnetic compass is influenced by the proximity of metallic and/or electricaldevices and may provide false information, unless this condition, called thedeviation, is reduced by adjusting corrector magnets installed in the compass. Eachvessel has to be indivvidually corrected.

Unit 6.3

Anchors

Unit 6.4

CheckingWeatherForecasts

Using an Anchor

It may be prudent for a pleasure craft operator to drop anchor:

when severe weather threatens( but a knowledgeable boater would

first seek shelter and only anchor when in protected waters); when his pleasure craft is disabled or unmanoeuvrable and in

danger of going aground.

Before anchoring, check that the outboard end of the anchor line or chain issecurely fastened to the anchor and that the inboard end of the anchor line issecurely fastened to a secure point on the craft.

A number of checks must be made before heading out. All too often people

head out to enjoy boating activities on a lake or river or on the ocean, then theweather changes and they are far from the shore. Meanwhile, the waves aregrowing bigger and bigger. For boaters who are inexperienced, suchcircumstances can result in a feeling of discomfort, or even fear. At times, itturns into a nightmare. Incidents are frequently weather-related! What shouldone do?



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MODULE 6 TRIP PLANNING

ContinuedUnit 6.4

CheckingWeatherForecasts

It is important to always check the weather before heading out. The fact thatgovernment agencies see to it that weather forecasts are broadcast to the public isprobably a good indication that weather is of significance! But where can oneobtain this information? From the following sources:

personal observations,

newspapers,

radios, television weather channels,

radiotelephones,

Environment Canada,

VHF weather channels.

Marine warnings are made available so that mariners may take the

necessary precautions to ensure their safety or the management ofoperations.

Wind warning Knots mi./hr. km/h Beaufort Waves inmetres

Light 0 to 14 0 to 16 0 to 26 0 to 3

Moderate (breeze) 15 to 19 17 to 22 24 to 35 4 to 5

Strong / Small craftwarning

20 to 33 23 to 38 37 to 61 6 to 7 3 to 6

Gale 34 to 47 39 to 54 63 to 87 8 to 9 6 to 9

Storm 48 to 63 55 to 73 89 to 117 10 to 11 9 to 16

Hurricane 64 or + 74 or + 119 or + 12 + 16

In ConclusionThe action to be taken upon learning of a weather advisory or warning can besummed up in a few words:

If a gale warning is issued, bad weather is to be expected. If upon the high seas or on alarge expanse of water, proceed away from the danger area.

Notices to mariners are cautionary notices issued regularly by the

Canadian Coast Gu

Documents

Boating Safety Course Pleasure Craft Operator Card