Body cavities and respiratory

system development

Wiesława Klimek-Piotrowska MD, PhD

DEVELOPMENT OF BODY CAVITIES

At approximately 11 weeks, after return of intestines to the abdomen.

Omphalocele

Gastroschisis

DEVELOPMENT OF DIAPHRAGM

Approximately 25 days

Aproximately 32 days

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Accesory diaphragm

Congenital hiatal hernia

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

25 days embryo

6 week 12 week

Succesive stages in development of the respiratory diverticulum.

Various types of esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula.

90% 4% 4%

1% 1%

Esophageal atresia with esophageotracheal fistula.

Expansion of the lung buds into the

pericardioperitoneal canals.

Stages in development of the trachea and lungs.

5 weeks 6 weeks

8 weeks

Phases of the lung development

Phases of lung development

The pseudoglandular phase

The canalicular phase

The saccular phase

In terminal sac period

• Premature fetuses born between week 25

and week 28 can survive with intensive

care; this is the earliest period at which

fetuses can survive.

The blood-air barrier in the lung

The alveolar phase

At birth

• Approximately 150 million primordial

alveoli, one half of the adult number, are

present in the lungs of a full-term newborn

infant.

• The lungs are approximately half-filled with

fluid derived from the amniotic cavity,

lungs and tracheal glands.

Fetal breathing movements

• Fetal breathing movements occur before

birth and are essential for normal lungs

development.

• The pattern of FBMs is widely used in the

diagnosis of labor and as a predictor of

fetal outcome in a preterm delivery.

The alveolar phase

Approximately 95%of mature alveoli develop postnatally.

The wall construction

Healthy newborn

„White lungs” IRDS

Lobe of azygos vein

Pulmonary aplasia.

Biyyam D R et al. Radiographics 2010;30:1721-1738

©2010 by Radiological Society of North America

Congenital lung cyst

Thank You for attention.