Body SystemsBody Systems

For each system list:For each system list:

FunctionFunction Structure (important parts of the body)Structure (important parts of the body) How to take care of this systemHow to take care of this system Problems with this system (disease and Problems with this system (disease and

disorders)disorders)

Skeletal System - FunctionSkeletal System - Function

Protects your internal organsProtects your internal organs Supports your body (upper body and head)Supports your body (upper body and head) Movement (so your muscles can act)Movement (so your muscles can act) Store minerals (calcium, phosphorous)Store minerals (calcium, phosphorous) Bone marrow produces new red and white Bone marrow produces new red and white

blood cellsblood cells

Skeletal System - PartsSkeletal System - Parts

Page 1 of Body Systems packetPage 1 of Body Systems packet Important parts to note:Important parts to note:

– PhalangesPhalanges– FemurFemur– PatellaPatella– TibiaTibia– FibulaFibula

Skeletal System - CareSkeletal System - Care

Eat foods that contain calcium and vitamin DEat foods that contain calcium and vitamin D Regular physical activityRegular physical activity Wearing protective gearWearing protective gear

Skeletal System - ProblemsSkeletal System - Problems

Arthritis*Arthritis* DislocationDislocation FractureFracture Osteoporosis*Osteoporosis* Rheumatoid arthritisRheumatoid arthritis Scoliosis*Scoliosis* Sprain (injury to what??)*Sprain (injury to what??)*

Muscular System – FunctionMuscular System – Function

Your muscles are always at workYour muscles are always at work– VoluntaryVoluntary

Under conscious controlUnder conscious control

– InvoluntaryInvoluntary Without your conscious controlling themWithout your conscious controlling them

Muscular System - PartsMuscular System - Parts

Smooth muscleSmooth muscle Skeletal muscleSkeletal muscle Cardiac muscleCardiac muscle See also page 2 and 3 in packetSee also page 2 and 3 in packet

– DeltoidDeltoid– GastrocnemiusGastrocnemius– Trapezius Trapezius

Muscular System - CareMuscular System - Care

Regular physical activity helps keep Regular physical activity helps keep muscles toned and healthymuscles toned and healthy

Practicing good posturePracticing good posture Wearing safety equipmentWearing safety equipment

Muscular System - ProblemsMuscular System - Problems

Bruise (contusion)Bruise (contusion) HerniaHernia Muscular dystrophyMuscular dystrophy Strain (injury to what??)Strain (injury to what??)

Nervous System - FunctionNervous System - Function

Coordinates all of the activities in your body Coordinates all of the activities in your body (communication between the brain and all (communication between the brain and all other areas of the body)other areas of the body)

Nervous System - PartsNervous System - Parts

BrainBrain Spinal cordSpinal cord Nerves Nerves

Nervous System - CareNervous System - Care

Wear a helmetWear a helmet Before diving, check the water depthBefore diving, check the water depth Wear a safety beltWear a safety belt

Nervous System - ProblemsNervous System - Problems

Alzheimers diseaseAlzheimers disease Anorexia nervosaAnorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosaBulimia nervosa Cerebral palsyCerebral palsy DementiaDementia Epilepsy Epilepsy

HeatstrokeHeatstroke HypothermiaHypothermia Multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis ParalysisParalysis Parkinson’s diseaseParkinson’s disease Reye’s syndromeReye’s syndrome Seizure Seizure

Cardiovascular System - FunctionCardiovascular System - Function

To circulate blood so all cells of the body are To circulate blood so all cells of the body are nourishednourished

Cardiovascular System - PartsCardiovascular System - Parts

HeartHeart BloodBlood Blood vesselsBlood vessels

– Arteries vs. veinsArteries vs. veins

Cardiovascular System - CareCardiovascular System - Care

EXERCISE!EXERCISE!

Cardiovascular System - ProblemsCardiovascular System - Problems

Anemia Anemia AneurysmAneurysm Angina pectorisAngina pectoris ArrhythmiaArrhythmia AtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis Heart attackHeart attack

Hemophilia*Hemophilia* HypertensionHypertension LeukemiaLeukemia ShockShock StrokeStroke

Lymphatic System - FunctionLymphatic System - Function

Fights infections; key role in body’s Fights infections; key role in body’s immunity to diseaseimmunity to disease

Network of vessels that help maintain the Network of vessels that help maintain the balance of fluids in the spaces between cellsbalance of fluids in the spaces between cells

Supports cardiovascular systemSupports cardiovascular system

Lymphatic System - PartsLymphatic System - Parts

LymphLymph– Clear fluid that fills space around body cellsClear fluid that fills space around body cells

LymphocytesLymphocytes– Specialized white blood cells that provide the Specialized white blood cells that provide the

body with immunitybody with immunity B cellsB cells T cellsT cells

Lymphatic System - CareLymphatic System - Care

Follow a well-balanced dietFollow a well-balanced diet Maintain healthy weightMaintain healthy weight Participate in regular aerobic exerciseParticipate in regular aerobic exercise Avoid tobaccoAvoid tobacco Avoid illegal drugsAvoid illegal drugs

Lymphatic System - ProblemsLymphatic System - Problems

Hodgkin’s diseaseHodgkin’s disease Tonsillitis Tonsillitis Anemia (but more so with CV system)Anemia (but more so with CV system)

Respiratory System - FunctionRespiratory System - Function

Respiration – Respiration – – The exchange of gases between the body and The exchange of gases between the body and

the environmentthe environment ExternalExternal InternalInternal

Respiratory System - PartsRespiratory System - Parts

Page 5 in the packetPage 5 in the packet– DiaphramDiaphram

Respiratory System - CareRespiratory System - Care

Do not smokeDo not smoke Regular physical activityRegular physical activity

Respiratory System - ProblemsRespiratory System - Problems

Asthma Asthma BronchitisBronchitis COPDCOPD Emphysema*Emphysema*

PneumoniaPneumonia SinusitisSinusitis Strep throatStrep throat Tuberculosis*Tuberculosis*

Digestive System – Function Digestive System – Function

DigestionDigestion– The mechanical and chemical breakdown of The mechanical and chemical breakdown of

foods for use by the body’s cellsfoods for use by the body’s cells AbsorptionAbsorption

– The passage of digested food from the digestive The passage of digested food from the digestive tract into the cardiovascular systemtract into the cardiovascular system

EliminationElimination– The expulsion of undigested food or body The expulsion of undigested food or body

wasteswastes

Digestive System – PartsDigestive System – Parts

See page 6 of body systems packetSee page 6 of body systems packet Ones to note:Ones to note:

– EpiglottisEpiglottis– LiverLiver– Gall bladderGall bladder– Large/small intestineLarge/small intestine

Digestive System – CareDigestive System – Care

Follow a well-balanced diet that includes a Follow a well-balanced diet that includes a variety of foods that are low in fat and high variety of foods that are low in fat and high in fiberin fiber

Wash your hands before preparing a mealWash your hands before preparing a meal Eat slowly and chew food thoroughlyEat slowly and chew food thoroughly Drink at least 8-ounce glasses a dayDrink at least 8-ounce glasses a day

Digestive System – ProblemsDigestive System – Problems

AppendicitisAppendicitis BotulismBotulism CirrhosisCirrhosis ColitisColitis ConstipationConstipation Crohn’s diseaseCrohn’s disease

HeartburnHeartburn HepatitisHepatitis JaudiceJaudice Peptic ulcerPeptic ulcer

Urinary System – Function Urinary System – Function

Filter waste and extra fluid from the bloodFilter waste and extra fluid from the blood

Urinary System – PartsUrinary System – Parts

KidneyKidney BladderBladder UreterUreter UrethraUrethra Reproductive partsReproductive parts

Urinary System – CareUrinary System – Care

Drink water!Drink water! Well-balanced dietWell-balanced diet Practice good hygiene and good personal Practice good hygiene and good personal

carecare Have regular medical check-upsHave regular medical check-ups

Urinary System – ProblemsUrinary System – Problems

Cystitis (inflammation of the bladder)*Cystitis (inflammation of the bladder)* Incontinence*Incontinence* Trichomoniasis*Trichomoniasis* Urethritis*Urethritis*

Endocrine System – Function Endocrine System – Function

Secrete hormones into glandsSecrete hormones into glands– Hormones are chemical substances that are Hormones are chemical substances that are

produced in the glands and help regulate many produced in the glands and help regulate many of your body’s functionsof your body’s functions

Endocrine System – PartsEndocrine System – Parts

Pituitary gland (master gland)Pituitary gland (master gland) ThyroidThyroid ParathyroidParathyroid PancreasPancreas Adrenal glandsAdrenal glands TestesTestes OvariesOvaries

Endocrine System – CareEndocrine System – Care

Eat nutritious mealsEat nutritious meals Get enough sleepGet enough sleep Avoid stressAvoid stress

Endocrine System – ProblemsEndocrine System – Problems

AmenorrheaAmenorrhea DiabetesDiabetes HypertensionHypertension HypoglycemiaHypoglycemia Sterility Sterility

Skin System - ProblemsSkin System - Problems

AbrasionAbrasion BurnsBurns DandruffDandruff FrostbiteFrostbite LiceLice Melanoma*Melanoma* Poison ivyPoison ivy

Immune System – Problems Immune System – Problems

AllergyAllergy Autoimmune diseaseAutoimmune disease AIDS/HIV*AIDS/HIV*

Eye Care - ProblemsEye Care - Problems

ConjuctivitisConjuctivitis

Teeth and Mouth – ProblemsTeeth and Mouth – Problems LeukoplakiaLeukoplakia Tooth decayTooth decay