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BONDING
Have you ever heard the word bonding before?
If so, where did you hear it and what does it mean?
If you have never heard it before write down what you think it means?
Bonding is what keeps element and ions of compounds together!!!
ElementsAn element is a substance that
cannot be broken down into different substances.
It is the smallest form of matter that has the same characteristics of that substance.
Examples: Au (gold), Na (sodium) etc.
COMPOUNDSDefine what a compound is?
Two or more DIFFERENT atoms (elements) that are chemically bonded together because of a chemical reaction. We use chemical formulas to represent compounds. Can you think of any…?H2O (Water) CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
We will talk about4 TYPES OF BONDS
• IONIC•COVALENT•METALLIC•HYDROGEN
IONIC BONDS• Form between ions with opposite
charges: + and -. (a metal and a non-metal)
• Bond because the opposite charges are attracted to each other. (Think magnets!!!)Like charges repel each other!
Properties ofIONIC BONDS
• These are very strong bonds.• Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.• An example is Na+1 + Cl-1
NaCl Melting point 801 °C NaCl Boiling point1465 °C
IONIC BONDS• When writing a chemical formula for
an ionic compound: - The charges have to balance to create a neutral compound.
IONIC BONDS• For example: - With salt the charges are both 1: Na+1 and Cl-1
So we just need one of each ion to make the compound neutral
= the ratio is 1:1 = NaCl
IONIC BONDS• What if the charges are not the same
number??? - Like Li+1 + O-2
Here you will not have a 1:1 ratio. You need to balance the chemical formula…
IONIC BONDS• What could you do to get the charges
to cancel out if you wanted to form this ionic compound???
Li+1 + O-2
ANSWER: You would need to use 2 Li+1 for every O-2!!!= Li2O
IONIC BONDS Let’s Practice!!! Write chemical formulas for:
1.) K and N2.) Ca and F3.) Li and Cl4.) Mg and Si5.) Al and O
6. Ca and Cl7. K and P8. Mg and Cl9. Li and P10. K and O