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Book I Unit 5
New Horizon College English
UnitUnit Section A Section A
The Battle Against AIDS
55
Book I Unit 5
Text Comprehension
Pre-class Tasks Checking
Difficult Sentences
Summary of the Text
Writing
Words and Phrases
Post-class Tasks
Book I Unit 5
Pre-class Tasks Checking
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
I. Group work :
Talk about a common disease you know with your group members;
Each chairperson is to prepare a report of the ideas of your group.
Book I Unit 5
II. Background Information
•AIDS, acquired ________ _________ ________, is a disease which destroys the natural method the body uses to protect against other diseases. It is a disease caused by the_______, but AIDS is different from HIV in that the former usually causes death while HIV may lead to AIDS.
syndromeimmune deficiency
HIV
Book I Unit 5
HIV is the ______ ____________ virus, the virus that
spreads through contact with________ _________, inf
ected sexual partners or within the womb( 子宫 ) of an
infected pregnant mother. After infecting a person, HI
V can remain hidden in the body for long and different
periods of time until it becomes _______and develops
into AIDS for which no known cure exists.
human immunodeficiency
infected blood
active
Book I Unit 5
III. Match the numbers
a. 185,000
b. nearly 500,000
c. one million
d. 102,000
e. 204,000
__ killed since 1970s
__ killed in the past few years
__ expected to die
__ infected with HIV virus
__ black & Latinos diagnosed with HIV
e
d
a
c
b
Book I Unit 5
Text Comprehension
Main ideas and structure
Comprehension questions
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
Main idea: Despite the spread of AIDS, no cure for
it and lack of government activity, some local
organizations have been active and creative in the
battle against the fatal disease.
Main ideas and structure
Book I Unit 5
Part I (para. 1-2):A serious disease named as AIDS
was diagnosed in the U.S.A. in the late 1970s; and si
nce then it has been a big threat to the American soci
ety.
Part II (para.3-6): In contrast to the government’s i
nactivity, some local organizations have made effort
s to fight against AIDS creatively.
Book I Unit 5
Part III (Para.7 － 13): The organization has
generalized some practical methods which are
useful to other similar groups.
Part IV (Para.14): Fighting against AIDS
entails everyone’s involvement and forces each
of us to be an educator and learn to live.
Book I Unit 5
Structure Analysis:
1.Problem-Solution-Evaluation 问题解决法Eg. 1 speak to your community
Problem a low literacy rate
Solution draw pictures, familiar faces and language
Evaluation more effect
Book I Unit 5
Eg. 2 train teenagers
Problem spread fastest
Solution establish, program
Evaluation simple, better, adult, help
Text Study—Understanding
Book I Unit 5
2. Deduction Organization 演绎法 : ( from ‘general’ to ‘specific’)
The South Carolina AIDS Education Network , formed in 1985 and suffering from a lack of money, has been active and creative in the battle against AIDS.(Para. 4)
General statement :
Book I Unit 5
• It operates its educational programs out of a beauty shop. (Para.5)
• It resorts to the network to help the hair stylists set up similar programs in other shops. (Para.6)
• It has developed several techniques useful to other groups doing similar work:an easy-to-understand education within the community, self-education among peers, and redefinition of “at risk”. (Para. 7 -12)
Specific statements:
Book I Unit 5
3. Comparison and Contrast 对比法
The comparison and contrast is between“the government’s inactivity ” and “the local organizations’ creative operations of the educational programs”.
Conjunctions: despite, in place of, more than
Book I Unit 5
The Government’s Inactivity:
Despite the alarming numbers, the federal and state governments have been slow in implementing programs to stop the spread of the AIDS.(Para. 3)
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
Part I :
1) How many American people have been
killed in the past few years?
2) According to the passage, who are the ones
most likely to be infected with AIDS?
Comprehension Questions:
Comprehension questions
Book I Unit 5
Keys:
1) More than 102,000 people.
2) Women and youth in rural Southern communities.
Book I Unit 5
Part II :
1) What are the reasons why some local
organizations emerged?
2) What is the purpose of forming the South
Carolina AIDS Education Network?
Book I Unit 5
Keys:
1) The spread of AIDS and government inactivity in stopping it.
2) To reduce the number of AIDS cases.
Book I Unit 5
Part III :
1) Why is it impossible to hand out AIDS
literature and expect people to read it in some
communities?
2) In what way can teenagers do much better than
adults according to the passage?
Book I Unit 5
Keys:
1) Because most of the people have a low literacy level in some communities.
2) They make it simple and explain the risk of catching AIDS to their peers much better than adults.
Book I Unit 5
Difficult sentences
•Paraphrase &Translation
•Sentence patterns
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
1. Despite such alarming numbers, the federal and state
governments have been slow in implementing
programs to stop the spread of AIDS. (Para.3)
Meaning: Although the number of people infected
with AIDS is very large and surprising, the federal
and state governments haven't taken actions in time
to carry out the programs to stop the spread of AIDS.
尽管数量大得惊人，但联邦政府和各州政府在实施防止艾滋病蔓延的计划方面行动迟缓。
Paraphrase &Translation
Book I Unit 5
2. They are also valuable resources in spreading
information to their schools, community groups
and churches. (Para.6)
Meaning: They also do a good job in spreading
information to their schools, community groups
and churches.
他们也是向学校、社区组织和教堂传播信息的有价值的资源。
Book I Unit 5
3. They also show people who look like those we need to
educate, since people can relate more when they see
familiar faces and language they can understand. (Para. 9)
Meaning: They also use pictures that look like those people
that need the education so they can understand more when
they find familiar faces and language they know.这些书也展示一些看上去同那些需要教育的人很相似的图片。当居民们看到熟悉的连
Book I Unit 5
4. They make it simple and explain the risk of catching
AIDS to friends their own age much better than an
adult can.(Para.10)
Meaning: They make the lessons of "AIDS 101" easy
to understand, and explain to their peers the danger of
getting AIDS much better than an adult can.
这些青少年使这门课程变得简单易学，在向他们的同龄朋友解释感染艾滋病的危险性时，他们干得比成年人出色得多。
Book I Unit 5
5. Redefine "at risk" to include women from different
backgrounds and marriage status. (Para.11)
Meaning: Consider again the problem of "who is at risk
for AIDS" in a new way, as women from different
backgrounds and marriage status should be included in
the people who are at risk for AIDS.
对“存在危险”这一概念作重新界定，从而把不同背景、不同婚姻状况的妇女都包括进去。
Book I Unit 5
6. The stylists also emphasize that everyone is at risk and
that all of us have a right to protect ourselves—
regardless of marriage status.(Para.12)
Meaning: The stylists also show that everyone is in
danger of catching AIDS and that all of us have a right
to protect ourselves — whether we are married or not.
发型设计师们也强调每个人都存在着危险，所以我们每个人都有权保护自己——不管婚姻状况如何。
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
1.Typical pattern for definition of sth.
2.Typical patterns for comparison & contrast
Sentence patterns
Book I Unit 5
1. 原句 :This is an undeclared war that everyone must sign up for in order for us to win.(L. 59)
Sb./Sth. is a(n)… that / who / which / prep. + which…( 从句 ) 某人或某物是……
句型提炼
这是一场不宣而战的战争这是一场不宣而战的战争 , , 我们每个人都必须我们每个人都必须参加，我们只有这样才能取得胜利。参加，我们只有这样才能取得胜利。
Book I Unit 5
应用 :
每位成员给与的多而索取得少的家庭是幸福的家庭。
The happy family is one in which each member
gives more to others than take from others.
Book I Unit 5
2. 原句： Despite such alarming numbers, the federal and the state governments have been slow in implementing programs to stop the spread of AIDS.(L. 8)
Despite / In spite of sth, sb / sth (else) is + adj. in doing … ( 或 : Despite …, sb / sth still does sth. else.) 尽管…… , 某人 ／ 某物 (仍做…… )
句型提炼
尽管数量大得惊人，但各州和联邦政府在实施尽管数量大得惊人，但各州和联邦政府在实施防止艾滋病的计划方面行动迟缓。防止艾滋病的计划方面行动迟缓。
Book I Unit 5
应用 :
尽管来自公众的非议不断，他仍执迷不悟。
Despite endless criticism from the public, he is still persistent in pursuing his wrong course.
Book I Unit 5
In place of sth./sb, sth(else)/sb (else ) do/does … 与某物或某人相比 , 另一物或另一人却……
3. 原句 : In place of government inactivity, a number of local organizations have emerged. (L. 9)
句型提炼
政府行动不力， 而许多地方性组织却应运而生了。政府行动不力， 而许多地方性组织却应运而生了。
Book I Unit 5
应用：
与其他人多彩的人生相比 , 他在失望 , 甚至沮丧中走过了他 47 年的人生旅途。
In place of others’ colorful lives, he lived his 47 years’ life in disappointment and even frustration.
Book I Unit 5
4. 原句 : As a result, such books actually have more effect in the communities where they are used than government publications. (L. 38)
Sth. /Sb. has / does ／ is more… than… 某物或某人 比其他物或人更……
句型提炼
这样一来，这些书在使用它们的社区里比政府出版的书这样一来，这些书在使用它们的社区里比政府出版的书籍所产生的影响要大。籍所产生的影响要大。
Book I Unit 5
应用 :
她比她的姐姐们更实际 , 因而她没有在幻想中耗费一生。
She was more realistic than her sisters. As a result, she hasn’t ruined her whole life waiting for something impossible.
Book I Unit 5
Old to New
Chinese to English
Word Using
Words and Phrases
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
form, make up
carry out
fear, worry
group
instead of
fight, battle combat
I. Old to Newconstitute
implement
alarm
organization
in place of
Book I Unit 5
customer
teach
teacher
tell
danger risk
client
educate
educator
relate
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
20 世纪 70 年代末期20 世纪 70 年代初期20 世纪 70 年代中期资源出版物文学受教育比例低
II. Chinese to English
literature
in the late 1970s
in the early 1970s
in the middle 1970s
resources
publication
a low literacy rate
Book I Unit 5
高死亡率 婚姻状况 经济状况 就业情况 法律地位 效率 效率低下
efficiency
a high death rate
marriage status
economic status
job status
legal status
inefficiency
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
1. acquire: vt. 获得 , 取得，拥有
• acquire knowledge 获取知识• acquire a degree or diploma
取得学位 / 文凭
• an acquired habit 后天习得的习惯
III. Word Using
Book I Unit 5
辨析： acquire, obtain, gain, get, pick up
• acquire 表通过努力或积累而获得才智、经验、能力、荣誉、财富，强调逐步、持续、缓慢的过程来获得，获得后就永久保持。• obtain 正式用语，多指凭努力或恳求“得到”或“找出”某物，强调愿望得以实现。
Book I Unit 5
gain 正式用语，指通过努力拼搏得到利益或有价值的东西。
get 口头用词，含义丰富，指通过某种手段或方法拥有什么，既可指积极努力地去获得，也可指被动的得到，可接双宾语。
pick up 指偶然 /无意 /容易地学会知识技能或获得信息。
Book I Unit 5
2. immune: a. （与 against/from/ to 连用）免
疫的 , 免受（伤害）
immune from taxation/taxes免税
be immune to all pleas 不容申辩
be immune from punishment免受惩罚
immune from criminal prosecution.
免于刑事诉讼
Book I Unit 5
3. infect: vt. 传染；感染；影响
One of the boys in the class had a fever and he soon inf
ected other children.
班上的一个孩子发烧了，不久他就传染上了其他孩子。
Mary's high spirits infected all the girls in the class.
玛丽振奋的精神感染了班上所有的女孩子。
Book I Unit 5
4. alarm:
n. 惊慌；警报raise the alarm 发出警报fire alarm火警 vt. 使惊慌，使恐慌We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。
Book I Unit 5
辨析： alarm, fear, dread alarm 指由于危险的突然出现而产生的惊慌失措或恐惧。例如： The explosion caused the alarm. 那次爆炸引起了恐慌。
fear 比较广义。如： The knight felt no fears in the battle. 那武士在战斗中毫不畏惧。
dread 指由于预知某一不愉快的事情或令人害怕的事情而产生的恐惧。例如： He has a dread of losing his job. 他害怕丢掉工作。
Book I Unit 5
诊断出是 (患 )……5. to be diagnosed as (with) (L.1)
The doctor diagnosed his disease as a unique blood disease.
活学活用
医生把他的病诊断为罕见的血液疾病。
Book I Unit 5
当他知道自己染上艾滋病毒时感到很震惊。
感染了……疾病6. to be infected with (L.3)
活学活用
He was shocked when he knew he was infected with the HIV virus.
Book I Unit 5
7. to be expected to (L.4)
活学活用活学活用
即将要，期待着
他期待着自己的努力能有回报。
This business, in which he has invested all of his savings, is expected to pay off very well.
Book I Unit 5
在……方面滞后、迟缓
8. to be slow in doing (L.8)
活学活用活学活用
他们在培养学生数学能力方面明显滞后。
They are observably slow in the pupils’ mathematics training.
Book I Unit 5
缺乏资金
9. to suffer from a lack of money (L.13)
她的学业因她的大量社交活动而受到影响。
活学活用活学活用
Her schoolwork suffered from all her social activities.
Book I Unit 5
毁掉一代人10. to wipe out an entire generation (L.56)
两国间的流血冲突起因于双方抹不掉的宿怨。活学活用活学活用
Bloody conflicts between the two countries arose from the old scores both sides failed to wipe out.
Book I Unit 5
Summary of the Text
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
Since it was _________, AIDS has killed _________ of Americans. Women and youth in rural Southern communities are most ______ to be ________ with AIDS. In _____ of the spread of AIDS and lack of government activity to stop it, some local organizations ________. The South Carolina AIDS Education Network formed to help _______ the number of AIDS _____. In some communities, handing ____ AIDS literature and __________ people to read it is not very
diagnosedthousands
likely infected place
emerged
reduce cases
expectingout
Book I Unit 5
Writing
Problem-solution pattern
BACKBACK
Book I Unit 5
Topic Sentence
Model
Problem
Solution
Evaluation
Book I Unit 5
Population Explosion
General statement: China launched the “One couple, one child” family
planning policy.
Problem: Problem: the world is faced with the problem of the world is faced with the problem of population explosion.population explosion.
SSolution: olution: China considers it indispensable to control China considers it indispensable to control the excessive population growth.the excessive population growth.
Evaluation: Evaluation: succeeded in bringing down the country’s succeeded in bringing down the country’s birth ratebirth rate
Model:
BookⅠUnit 5
