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    EN

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    History ofLiverpool F.C.

    (18921959)Connected to:

    Liverpool F.C.Second World WarFirst World WarFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Liverpool_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/First_World_Warhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/First_World_Warhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/First_World_Warhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Liverpool_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Liverpool_F.C.
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    Liverpool's team during their first season,189293

    The history of Liverpool Football Clubfrom 1892 to 1959

    covers the period from the club's foundation, through their

    first period of success from 1900 to the 1920s, to the

    appointment ofBill Shanklyasmanager.

    Liverpool Football Club was formed on 15 March 1892

    following a disagreement between the directors ofEverton

    Football Cluband its president,John Houlding,who

    owned the club's ground,Anfield.A dispute over rent

    resulted in Everton moving toGoodison Park,which left

    Houlding with an empty stadium. Thus, he foundedLiverpool F.C., and they joined theLancashire League.

    After winning the league title in theirfirst season,

    Liverpool was accepted intothe Football Leaguefor

    the189394 season,following the resignations

    ofAccringtonandBootle.

    The appointment ofTom Watsonas the club's manager in

    1896 led to the club's first period of sustained success.Liverpool consolidated their position in the Football

    League followingpromotionto theFirst Division, and

    won their first League championship in 1901. A further

    championship followed in 1906, and in 1914 the club

    http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Liverpool_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bill_Shanklyhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bill_Shanklyhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bill_Shanklyhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Manager_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Manager_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Everton_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Everton_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_Houldinghttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_Houldinghttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_Houldinghttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Anfieldhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Anfieldhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Anfieldhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goodison_Parkhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goodison_Parkhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lancashire_League_(football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lancashire_League_(football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/The_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/The_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/The_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1893%E2%80%9394_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1893%E2%80%9394_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1893%E2%80%9394_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1893%E2%80%9394_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1893%E2%80%9394_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Accrington_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Accrington_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bootle_F.C._(1879)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bootle_F.C._(1879)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Tom_Watson_(football_manager)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Tom_Watson_(football_manager)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Promotion_and_relegationhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Promotion_and_relegationhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Promotion_and_relegationhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_First_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_First_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_First_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Promotion_and_relegationhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Tom_Watson_(football_manager)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bootle_F.C._(1879)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Accrington_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1893%E2%80%9394_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/The_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lancashire_League_(football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goodison_Parkhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Anfieldhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_Houldinghttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Everton_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Everton_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Manager_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bill_Shanklyhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Liverpool_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._season
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    reached their firstFA Cupfinal, losing toBurnley.

    Watson died suddenly in 1915 of pneumonia after the

    outbreak of theFirst World War.The club won two

    further championships in 1922 and 1923 when footballresumed after the war.

    An expansion to theSpion Kopterracing in the 1920s

    increased Anfield's capacity. Liverpool's fortunes

    declined during the inter-war years, when the club often

    finished in midtable. Liverpool became League

    champions again in 1947, in thefirst seasonafter

    theSecond World War,but following a slow downturn in

    performance the club was relegated to the Second

    Divisionin 1954. By the time of Shankly's appointment in

    1959, Liverpool had been in the Second Division for five

    seasons.

    Formation

    The original kit that Liverpool wore upon their foundation until

    1894.

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    Liverpool's origins lie with their neighboursEverton.

    Founded in 1878, Everton moved toAnfieldin 1884, a

    facility owned by the club's president, John Houlding, a

    former Lord Mayor of Liverpool.In 1892 a dispute arosebetween Houlding and the Everton board of directors,

    over the club's tenancy of the ground. The annual rent had

    risen from 100 in 1884 to 250 in 1892; Houlding

    wanted to sell the ground to the club, which in turn

    wished to agree a long-term rental.[1]Houlding would only

    agree to this on the basis of a rent at a level unacceptable

    to the club. Negotiations having failed, the directors

    decided to leave Anfield and find another ground, leaving

    Houlding with an empty stadium. His response was to

    form a new football club to occupy the stadium. He

    attempted to retain the team name "Everton" by

    registering the name "Everton Football Club and Athletic

    Grounds Company, Limited" withCompanies House,butthe Football League decided that the name belonged to

    the departed Everton club, which acquired new premises

    at Goodison Park.Houlding therefore adopted the name

    "Liverpool Football Club" for his new venture.[2]

    Having established his new club, Houlding applied for

    membership of theFirst Divisionofthe Football League,

    rather than the newly formedSecond Division.TheLeague, unimpressed with this premature application,

    refused to admit the club, which instead joined

    theLancashire League.[3]Liverpool played their first

    match on 1 September 1892, a pre-seasonfriendly

    http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Everton_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Everton_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Everton_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Anfieldhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Anfieldhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Anfieldhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lord_Mayor_of_Liverpoolhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lord_Mayor_of_Liverpoolhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote1http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote1http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote1http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Companies_Househttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Companies_Househttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Companies_Househttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goodison_Parkhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goodison_Parkhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead198692http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead198692http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead198692http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_First_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_First_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/The_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/The_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/The_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_Second_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_Second_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_Second_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lancashire_League_(football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lancashire_League_(football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEWilson2013113http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEWilson2013113http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEWilson2013113http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Exhibition_gamehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Exhibition_gamehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Exhibition_gamehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEWilson2013113http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lancashire_League_(football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_Second_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/The_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_First_Divisionhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead198692http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goodison_Parkhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Companies_Househttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote1http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Lord_Mayor_of_Liverpoolhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Anfieldhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Everton_F.C.
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    matchagainstRotherham Town,which they won 71.

    The team Liverpool fielded against Rotherham was

    composed entirely of Scottish playersmanagerJohn

    McKennahad recruited the players after ascoutingtrip toScotlandso they became known as the "team of

    Macs".[4]Liverpool's first match in the Lancashire League,

    which they won 80, was against Higher Walton. 200

    spectators attended the match, but as thetwenty-two

    match seasonproceeded, and Liverpool continued to win,

    attendances increased. Approximately 2,000 people

    watched Liverpool defeat South Shore in the penultimate

    match of the season at Anfield.[5]

    Liverpool's first season was successful, as the club

    narrowly won the Lancashire League title ongoal

    average,overBlackpool.They also won the Liverpool

    District Cup by defeating Everton. The subsequent theft

    of the league and cup trophies cost the club 130 toreplace them.[2]Following their success, Liverpool

    reapplied to the Football League. This application was

    successful, mainly because of the resignations

    ofAccringtonandBootlefrom the Second Division.

    Liverpool's originalstriphad been blue and white

    chequered shirts and white shorts, similar to those of their

    neighbours Everton. From 1894 they changed to red shirtsand white shorts.[6]

    The club's first match in the Football League was

    againstMiddlesbrough Ironopolison 2 September 1893,

    which they won 20, with Malcolm McVeanscoring

    http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Exhibition_gamehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Exhibition_gamehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Rotherham_Town_F.C._(1878)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Rotherham_Town_F.C._(1878)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Rotherham_Town_F.C._(1878)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Manager_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_McKennahttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_McKennahttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_McKennahttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_McKennahttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Scout_(sport)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Scout_(sport)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly1988154http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly1988154http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote5http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote5http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote5http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goal_differencehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goal_differencehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goal_differencehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goal_differencehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Blackpool_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Blackpool_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Blackpool_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead198692http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead198692http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead198692http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Accrington_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Accrington_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bootle_F.C._(1879)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bootle_F.C._(1879)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bootle_F.C._(1879)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Kit_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Kit_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Kit_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEWilson2013186http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEWilson2013186http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEWilson2013186http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Middlesbrough_Ironopolis_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Middlesbrough_Ironopolis_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Middlesbrough_Ironopolis_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Malcolm_McVeanhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Malcolm_McVeanhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Malcolm_McVeanhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Middlesbrough_Ironopolis_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEWilson2013186http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Kit_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bootle_F.C._(1879)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Accrington_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead198692http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Blackpool_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goal_differencehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Goal_differencehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote5http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1892%E2%80%9393_Liverpool_F.C._seasonhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly1988154http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Scout_(sport)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_McKennahttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/John_McKennahttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Manager_(association_football)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Rotherham_Town_F.C._(1878)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Exhibition_game
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    Liverpool's first goal in League football.[4]Liverpool's first

    season in the Football Leaguesaw them unbeaten in 28

    matches, 22 of which they won. They finished at the top

    of the Second Division, but as at that time there was noautomaticpromotionto the First Division, they were

    entered into the test match system. This involved a

    knockout match with the bottom team in the First

    Division,Newton Heath(later renamed Manchester

    United). Liverpool won, and took their place in the First

    Division. Their stay in the division lasted only a season,

    as they finished in bottom position, with seven wins from

    thirty matches. They were relegated to the Second

    Division, after facingBuryin the test match and losing 1

    0, despite Bury playing most of the match with ten men

    after theirgoalkeeperwassent off.[7]

    ConsolidationAs more people began to watch Liverpool, the groundcapacity was expanded. The Main Stand was built, which

    helped to bring regular attendances of around 20,000.

    Liverpool's stay in the Second Division was brief, as they

    secured promotion to the First Division during the1895

    96 seasontwelve wins in their final fourteen matches

    gave them a first-place finish, followed by success in the

    test matches overSmall Heath(later renamed

    Birmingham City) andWest Bromwich Albion.The club

    reached the semi-final of theFA Cupfor the first time in

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    the189697 season;they were drawn againstAston Villa,

    and with Everton in the other semi-final, there was the

    prospect of a first all-Merseysidecup final. However,

    while Everton won their tie, Liverpool were defeated 30.[8]After winning promotion, the club appointedTom

    Watson,who was managingSunderland, as their new

    manager. Watson's record of three League championships

    in four seasons with Sunderland convinced Houlding to

    make Watson the highest-paid manager in England, with

    a yearly salary of 300.[9]Following Watson's

    appointment, McKenna remained at the club as an

    administrator.[10]

    Alex Raisbeck,who captained Liverpool to their first League

    championship

    During the next two seasons Liverpool consolidated their

    place in the First Division, with fifth and ninth-place

    finishes. Performances improved in the189899 season,

    when the club went into their final game with a chance of

    winning their first League championship. They faced

    Aston Villa, with whom they were level on points,

    although Villa's goal average advantage of 0.02 meant

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    that they only needed to draw the match to win the

    League title.[11]In the event, Villa won 50, to leave

    Liverpool as the runners-up.[12]Liverpool also reached the

    FA Cup semi-final, where they facedSheffield United.The match finished in a 22 draw; the

    firstreplayatBurnden Parkalso finished with the sides

    equal at 44, and a second replay at the smallFallowfield

    Stadiumwas abandoned when overcrowding caused fans

    to spill onto the pitch. The tie was finally decided at

    theBaseball Ground, which Sheffield United won 10.[13]

    Liverpool won their first League championship in 1901.

    Integral to their success were theircaptainAlex Raisbeck,

    andstrikerSam Raybould.Raisbeck, acentre-half,had

    been signed fromHibernianin 1898. He became club

    captain a year later, and was often the focal point of the

    team, as an important defensive player and the instigator

    of many of Liverpool's attacks.[14]

    Raybould was signedfrom local clubNew Brighton Tower,and in the1899

    1900 seasonscored seven times as the club won nine of

    their last eleven matches, to finish in tenth place. He

    would go on to score 128 goals in 226 matches for

    Liverpool.[15]Success in the190001 seasonlooked

    unlikely in February, at which point Liverpool had lost

    eight games and conceded 31 goals. However, they wonnine and drew three of their next twelve matches, while

    only conceding four goals, to achieve their first League

    title.[16]They were less successful in the following two

    seasons, finishing in eleventh and fifth places

    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    respectively.[8]The190304 seasonsaw the club relegated

    to the Second Division; like the previous relegation it was

    only for one year as they won the division thefollowing

    season.On their return in the190506 seasontheybecame the first team to win the Second and First

    Division in successive seasons. They also reached the

    semi-final of the FA Cup, where they faced Everton and

    lost 20.[17]

    Houlding died in 1902, and in 1905 the ownership of the

    club was restructured. Of the existing 3,000 shares, 2,000

    were held by the Houlding family. The club owed a debt

    of 10,000 to Houlding, and a further 5,000 bank

    overdraft was guaranteed by his family. The family

    offered to give up the 2,000 shares and wipe out the debt,

    if the club relieved them of the bank loan guarantee. The

    board agreed, and a new share issue was released in 1906

    with 15,000 shares available for 1 each.[18]

    Following theshare issue, McKenna became chairman of the club.[19]

    Following the club's successes, a new stand was erected

    along the Walton Breck Road end of the ground.[20]The

    stand became known as theSpion Kopit was originally

    given this name by local journalist Ernest Edwards, the

    sports editor of theLiverpool Daily Postand theEcho,

    after afamous hillin South Africa, wherea local regimenthad suffered heavy lossesduring theBoer War.More than

    300 men had died, many of them fromLiverpool, as the

    British army attempted to capture the strategic hilltop.[21]

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    In the seasons following their second league title,

    Liverpool enjoyed limited success, generally finishing in

    midtable. They finished in second place behind Aston

    Villa in the190910 season,the last for their captain,Raisbeck, who returned to his native Scotland to play

    for Partick Thistle.Liverpool's form declined after his

    departure, with their best performance in the League a

    12th-place finish in the191213 season.There was

    improvement in 1914 when the club reached their first FA

    Cup final, which they lost10toBurnleyatCrystal

    Palace.The following season four Liverpool players were

    implicated in the1915 British football betting scandal,

    which involved a match with Manchester United. A 20

    victory for United was required to win the bet, in which

    players from both sides were involved. With the score at

    20, Liverpool's Fred Pagnamhit the crossbar with a shot,

    at which several of his teammates gestured angrilytowards him.[22]Subsequently,Tom Fairfoul,Tom

    Miller,Bob PursellandJackie Sheldonwere found guilty

    by aFootball Association(FA) enquiry of conspiring with

    three Manchester United players (Sandy Turnbull,Arthur

    WhalleyandEnoch West) tofixa United win. All the

    players involved were banned for life. Following the end

    of theFirst World War,in which Turnbull was killed attheBattle of Arrasin 1917, the FA lifted the surviving

    players' bans in recognition of their service in the

    conflict.[23]

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    Inter-war yearsThree weeks after visiting his hometown ofNewcastleto

    celebrate his 56th birthday, Liverpool's manager Tom

    Watson developed a severe chill, which developed

    intopneumonia.He died on 6 May 1915; Raisbeck and

    two other former Liverpool stars,Ned DoigandArthur

    Goddard,were pallbearers at the funeral.[24]

    During the First World War, with normal Football League

    activity suspended, Liverpool competed in a regionalleague, the Lancashire Section.[25]The competition was

    split into two parts: "Principal Tournament" and the

    "Supplementary Competition". Liverpool won the former

    in the191617 season,and the latter in the1917

    18and191819 seasons.[26]A number of Liverpool players

    fought in the war, includingPhilip Bratley,Robert

    CrawfordandWilfred Bartrop.Bartrop was the only oneto be killed, dying on 7 November 1918 while fighting in

    Belgium.[27]

    Elisha Scott,Liverpool's goalkeeper from 1912 to 1934

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    When football resumed after the war for the191920

    season,Watson's post as manager was taken byDavid

    Ashworth.Liverpool finished in fourth place. During the

    season George Vbecame the first reigning monarch towatch a League match, when Liverpool

    played Manchester City.[28]Liverpool repeated their fourth-

    place finish in 192021,before the regaining the League

    championship in the192122 season. Liverpool had

    looked certain title winners, before the loss of three of

    their last four games put their chances in doubt. A 41

    victory over West Bromwich Albion in the penultimate

    match of the season was enough to secure Liverpool's

    third League championship.[29]

    Ashworth left Liverpool midway through the following

    season, to manageOldham Athletiche wished to be

    closer to his wife and daughter, who lived in

    nearbyStockport.[30]

    His replacement was the formerLiverpool playerMatt McQueen, a club director.

    McQueen was intended as a temporary appointment, but

    he kept the job as Liverpool retained the League

    championship.[31]This success owed much to the form of

    their goalkeeperElisha Scott, who conceded only 31

    goals during the season, a league record at the

    time.[32]Liverpool's total of 60 points in the season equalledthe record set by West Bromwich Albion three seasons

    earlier.[33]Following their successive championships,

    Liverpool's fortunes declined as their side aged. Some of

    the players had begun their careers before the war;

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    goalkeeper Scott had been in the side since 1912.[34]The

    club began the192324 seasonaiming to win three

    league titles in a row, but finished in twelfth place. They

    achieved fourth place the following season, which was tobe their best finish until after theSecond World

    War.[33]Changes to theoffside rulein the192526

    seasonresulted in an increase in the number of goals

    scored during matches.[35]Liverpool contributed to this,

    with big victories over Manchester United and Newcastle

    United, but could only manage a seventh-place finish.[36]

    In 1920, the Kop had been redesigned and extended to

    hold 30,000 spectators, all standing.[37]At the time, the

    Kop was the biggest football stand in the country, able to

    hold more spectators than the entire capacity of some

    grounds.[38]The increase in spectators did not fully restore

    Liverpool's fortunes; they scored 90 goals during

    the192829 season,strikerGordon Hodgsonscoringthirty of them, yet finished in fifth place. McQueen was

    unable to replicate his early triumphs with the club, and

    retired in 1928 after his leg was amputated following a

    road accident.[39]He was replaced as manager by club

    secretaryGeorge Patterson.[40]The club's fortunes did not

    improve under Patterson's leadership; they generally

    finished midtable. Their results were inconsistent; inSeptember 1930, they lost 70 at West Ham United, yet

    nine days later they beatBolton Wanderers72 at

    Anfield.[41]

    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tp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Second_World_Warhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Second_World_Warhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1923%E2%80%9324_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19883434
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    During the 1930s Liverpool's form continued to

    deteriorate, and they avoided relegation in the193334

    seasonby only four points. Scott left the club at the end of

    what had been a poor season for the veteran goalkeeper.In ten matches from the start of 1934, Liverpool won only

    once with Scott in goal, and after a 92 defeat against

    Newcastle United, he was replaced byArthur Riley.The

    change of goalkeepers brought an upturn in form, with a

    62 victory over Birmingham City and a 41 win

    againstMiddlesbrough.Scott, who joinedBelfast

    Celticafter 24 years at Liverpool, remains the club's

    longest-serving player.[42]As they became used to finishing

    in the lower part of the league table, Liverpool began to

    lose their best players. Hodgson, who had scored 233

    goals in 358 league games, was sold to Aston Villa in

    1936 and the club struggled to replace him. They finished

    19th in the season following his departure. Also in 1936,Patterson resigned as manager for health reasons, and

    resumed his role as the club's secretary.[40]His

    replacement,SouthamptonmanagerGeorge Kay, did not

    initially fare much better; Liverpool narrowly avoided

    relegation in the193637 season,and finished in 11th

    place in each of the following two seasons. By the

    outbreak of the Second World War, Liverpool hadbecome accustomed to finishing midtable.[29]

    Soon after the outbreak of war in 1939, the193940

    seasonwas cancelled and all first-class football in Britain

    temporarily suspended. When matches resumed,

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    competitions were played on a regional basis as in the

    previous war, and teams often did not complete a full

    season. Liverpool participated in theFootball League

    North, which they won in the194243 season.[43]Manyfootballers served in the armed forces, away from their

    clubs for long periods, and would often appear as "guests"

    for other clubs. Two Liverpool players were decorated for

    their wartime service;Berry Nieuwenhuysreceived the

    Czech Medal of Merit, andBill Joneswas awarded

    theMilitary Medalafter rescuing wounded comrades

    under fire.[25]

    Post-war declineLeague football in England resumed in the194647

    season,after seven seasons' suspension due to the war.

    Before the resumption, Liverpool embarked on an eight-

    week tour of the United States and Canada, scoring 70goals in the ten matches played. In escaping from post-

    war food rationing while on tour, the Liverpool players

    were able to eat more, and by the end of the trip had

    gained in weight an average of 7 pounds (3.2 kg) a

    man.The New York Timesreporter who followed the team

    on the tour noted the "perceptible gain in strength on the

    playing field."[44]

    The first game played at Anfield after the war was against

    Middlesbrough, on 4 September 1946, which Liverpool

    lost 10 before a crowd of 34,140.[45]Despite this defeat,

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    Liverpool finished the 194647 season as League

    champions. Vital to this success were their attacking

    players; after a 50 defeat to Manchester United the club

    boughtAlbert Stubbinsfrom Newcastle United, toaugment the attack alongsideJack BalmerandBilly

    Liddell.Balmer typified this new attacking strength by

    scoringhat-tricksin three successive matches.[46]However,

    the club were unable to match this success in the two

    seasons that followed, and finished in 11th and 12th

    places respectively.[47]The 194950 seasonbrought

    another disappointing league campaign. The season

    started well, as the club was unbeaten in their first 19

    matches and was top of the league at the turn of the year.

    Their form declined thereafter, and they finished eighth.

    This did not hinder their progress in the FA Cup, as they

    reached their second final (their first atWembley),

    againstArsenal.They were unable to win their first FACup; two goals from Arsenal striker Reg Lewismeant

    Liverpool lost20.[48]

    After their FA Cup final appearance, Liverpool's fortunes

    declined steadily. Kay resigned through ill-health, and

    was replaced byDon Welsh.[39]Welsh's first season did not

    go smoothly, as Liverpool were knocked out of the FA

    Cup in the third round byNorwich Cityof the ThirdDivision South.[49]The following year, 61,905 spectators

    watched Liverpool beatWolverhampton Wanderers21

    in the fourth round of the FA Cup, the biggest attendance

    ever recorded at Anfield.[50][51]Under Welsh's stewardship

    http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Albert_Stubbinshttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Albert_Stubbinshttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Jack_Balmerhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Jack_Balmerhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Jack_Balmerhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Billy_Liddellhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Billy_Liddellhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Billy_Liddellhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Billy_Liddellhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Hat-trick#Association_footballhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Hat-trick#Association_footballhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead19861946http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead19861946http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19884347http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19884347http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19884347http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1949%E2%80%9350_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1949%E2%80%9350_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1949%E2%80%9350_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Arsenal_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Arsenal_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Arsenal_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Reg_Lewishttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Reg_Lewishttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1950_FA_Cup_Finalhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1950_FA_Cup_Finalhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1950_FA_Cup_Finalhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/1950_FA_Cup_Finalhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead19862148http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead19862148http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead19862148http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Don_Welshhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Don_Welshhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Don_Welshhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTELiversedge19913139http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTELiversedge19913139http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Norwich_City_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Norwich_City_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Norwich_City_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_Third_Division_Southhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_Third_Division_Southhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19885049http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19885049http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19885049http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Wolverhampton_Wanderers_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Wolverhampton_Wanderers_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote50http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote50http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote50http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote50http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenote50http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Wolverhampton_Wanderers_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19885049http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_Third_Division_Southhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Football_League_Third_Division_Southhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Norwich_City_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTELiversedge19913139http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Don_Welshhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead19862148http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1950_FA_Cup_Finalhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Reg_Lewishttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Arsenal_F.C.http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)http://www.wikiwand.com/en/1949%E2%80%9350_Football_Leaguehttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEKelly19884347http://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_Liverpool_F.C._(1892%E2%80%931959)#citenoteFOOTNOTEPead19861946http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Hat-trick#Association_footballhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Billy_Liddellhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Billy_Liddellhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Jack_Balmerhttp://www.wikiwand.com/en/Albert_Stubbins
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    the club gradually slipped further down the table, and

    were relegated to the Second Division in the195354

    season,after finishing in bottom place. Their relegation

    came after 50 uninterrupted years in the top division ofEnglish football.[52]The side's decline it did not

    preventJohn Moores,owner of retail

    company Littlewoods,from investing in the club with a

    51% stake.[53]

    Liverpool's first season in the Second Division in1954

    55brought them an 11th-place finish.[54]During this season

    the club suffered the biggest defeat in its history, a 91

    loss to Birmingham City.[55]Although in thefollowing

    seasonthey improved to third place, it was not enough for

    Welsh to keep his job and he was sacked at the end of the

    season. His replacement wasPhil Taylor, a former captain

    of the club and a member of the coaching staff.[56]Taylor

    signed players such as Ronnie Moran,AlanA'CourtandJimmy Melia,who would become mainstays

    of the club for seasons to come, but was unable to guide

    Liverpool back to the First Division. The Liverpool board

    persisted with him, despite the club's loss tonon-

    LeaguesideWorcester Cityin the third round of the FA

    Cup in January 1959.[57]His tenure ended during the1959

    60 season; after a good start, their form began to tail offmid-season, and after a defeat toHuddersfield Town,

    Taylor resigned. The man who replaced him was

    Huddersfield's manager,Bill Shankly.[58]

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    Footnotes

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    respective licenses.Cover photo is available underCC BY

    2.0license. Credit:Ben Sutherland(see original file).

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    Send FeedbackHistory of Liverpool F.C. (18921959)

    Introduction

    Formation Consolidation

    Inter-war years

    Post-war decline

    EN

    +

    2016 Jakarta

    attacksConnected to:

    StarbucksIslamic State of Iraq and the LevantUnited Nations

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    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThis article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports

    may be unreliable. The last updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (January 2016)

    2016 Jakarta attacks

    Attack site shown on a map of Jakarta

    Location Jakarta,Indonesia

    Coordinates 61112.56S1064923.38E

    Date 14 January 2016

    10:40 - 15:30WIB(UTC+07:00)

    Attack type S