No. of Lactations by one female calf 6

Average Milk yield per Lactation (Lits) 4000

Total Milk yield in 6 Lactations 24000

Average Milk Selling Price (Rs.) 20

Total Economic Value (Rs.) 4,80,000

Appx. Value(Rs.) = 5 Lacs*

*But there must be a BETTER START

Poor Start

Poor End

Challenges faced by a New Born Calf..

• Hypoglycemia: This is a most frequent occurrence than the other problems, but can represent a life-threatening problem to the newborn

• Inactivity or lethargy: Decreased activity is characterized by delayed standing and

suckling• Hypothermia: The calf’s body temperature is usually 1 to 2 oF above the

rectal temperature of the dam immediately after birth and will drop to about 102oF within 15 to 30 minutes after delivery

• Hypoxemia (low blood oxygen): This is a frequent problem that arises when respiratory and circulatory systems are slow to adapt or inadequate for life outside the uterus

10% of calf body wt 10% of calf body wt

Energy Requirements• Approximately 45 kcal/Kg of body weight in a

thermoneutral environment for maintenance

• A calf requires 1500 Kcal maintenance and 3143 kcal for 800 gm of body wt gain

• Total Energy Requirement – 4643 Kcal/day

• Requirement increases in large size calves:– Difference between small and large calves

Facts at a glance

Effect of Rate of Gain on Protein Requirements of Pre-weaned Dairy Calves

Rate of gain (kg/day)

ME(kcal/day)

Required DMI1

(lb/day)

CP Required(% of DM)

0 1748 0.84 8.3

0.225 2296 1.11 18.1

0.45 3008 1.45 22.9

0.675 3798 1.82 25.3

0.800 4643 2.24 26.6

1.125 5532 2.67 27.2

Current Practice….

• Energy value in Colostrum : 1160 Kcal/Kg• First day calf feeding(10% bwt) = 2-3 lit

colostrum• Total Energy = 2320-3480 Kcal But the target – 4643 Kcal not fulfills.

Hypoglycemia

…posing a big ?

• If energy diverted to immune function (poor facilities), then it is NOT available for growth

• Do we CHECK colostrums with COLOSTROMETER?

Do We Know the Quality of COLOSTRUM…?

EVERYTHING SHINES….. IS NOT GOLD

Inactivity / Lethargy

• Calf unable to stand• Calf unable to bear

its body weight• Trembling feet of

calves as in video

• After birth aerobic bacteria colonize

• Anaerobic bacteria soon dominate– cellulolytic and

methanogenic first– lactate-fermenting

exceed adult values then decline

– protozoa introduction requires contact with mature ruminants

MICROBIAL POPULATION

Absorptive Ability of Rumen Tissue

• The rumen wall consists of two distinct layers:– musculature– absorptive epithelium

• The mucosa is responsible for absorbing VFA

• Muscle is develops in response to material in the rumen

• Development of the mucosa depends on the production of VFA

• Roughage does NOT stimulate mucosal growth

1-6 Weeks of Age

Milk Milk and Grain Milk and Hay

                                     12 Weeks of Age

MilkHay

Grain

MilkHay

Mammary vs. Body Growth

FACTOR REQUIRED FOR RUMEN DEVELOPMENT

• Establishment of bacteria in the rumen• Outflow of material from the rumen (muscular action)• Absorptive ability of the tissue

Avitech..providing French Technology at your DOOR STEP

ENERGY SOURCES

AN ENERGY SOURCE QUICKLY ASSIMILATED

The energy is supplied in two synergetic forms:

1. Medium chain fatty acids (C8, C10): assimilation within 5-6 hours.

2. Glucides: very quick assimilation (- than 2 hours).

1. Interests of medium chain fatty acids (45 %).

• Supply of 8.5 kcal/g to 4 kcal/g for glucose.

• Very quick absorption (- than 6 hours) directly at the intestinal mucosa level: lipase degradation not required.

2. Interests of glucides (22 %)

• Immediate supplies of energy to prevent hypoglycemia

and losses due to starvation.

COLOSTRUM

PASSIVE IMMUNITY TRANSFER

The calf is born without any immunological defence and is given passive immunity via the colostrum.

The immunoglobulin absorption at the wall of intestine level is possible only for the first 24 hours (Renault and Aumaître 1986).

PASSIVE IMMUNITY TRANSFER

BOOSTY ’VO enables complementary passive immunity over the first 24-36 hours via its colostrum supply. The colostrum supplied by the BOOSTY’ VO is used for its immune interest, not for its energy interest

PASSIVE IMMUNITY TRANSFER

Immunoglobulins supplied are IgG1, IgG2, IgM, IgA: they reduce the risk of infectious diseases and also reduce treatment and mortality during diarrhoeal disorders.

VITAMINS

VITAMIN SUPPLY

BOOSTY’VO supplies vitamins acting at various levels of the organism functioning:• Promoting substance or enzyme constituent.• Metabolism• Immunological defences

Vitamins supplied by BOOSTY’VO and their role on the organism of the newborn calf

• Bone mineralisation• Resistance to stress• Hepatoprotective agent

Immune system stimulationVitamin C

Growth vitamin– glucide and fatty acid utilizationVitamin PP

Leukocyte and erythrocyte formationVitamin B12

Protein metabolismVitamin B6

Enzyme constitution, glucidic, lipidic and protein metabolismVitamin B2

Glucide optimisationVitamin B1

OssificationVitamin D

Growth vitaminVitamin A

ROLES AND ACTIONSVITAMINS

EXTRACTSOF PLANTS

TONE UP AND STIMULATEUSING EXTRACTS OF PLANTS

BOOSTY’VO enables stimulating and toning up effects on calves via extracts of plants supply (Kola and Guarana).

Indeed, the presence of alcaloids in both extracts has a stimulating effect on nervous centres:

1. Guarana (Paullinia Cupana): plant matter with the highest caffeine content currently known. It has a stimulating effect on the basal metabolism.

2. Kola (Cola Nitida): supplies the following alcaloids:

• Caffeine.

• Theobromine.

• Theophylline.

• The combination of both extracts contributes to increasing calves ’ tonicity and vitality. This tends to reduce losses due to starvation.

KOLAPHARMACOLOGICAL DATA

Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system; it increases vigilance, intellectual velocity and the association of ideas. In great doses, it stimulates bulbar respiratory, vasomotor, vagal centres. Moreover, caffeine is vasodilating (above all coronary, by prevailing direct effect) and ligthly hypertensor, increases heart rate (in great dose, the direct action has the edge on the central one) and the respiration rate, produces a relaxing effect on the smooth musculature, reduces the tubular reabsorption, increases basal metabolism and lipolysis. Note that for some of these actions, a tolerance develops very quickly among regular consumer and that obvious individual differences exist (5, 6, 9). The activity on catecholaminergical systems has been linked together with the A.M.P cyclic increase resulting from the phosphodiesterase competitive inhibition. Moreover, caffeine raises the calcium concentration and neuronal endings. Thus, direct interaction is likely between caffeine and the adenosine receptor (6, 9).

GUARANA

MEDICINAL USES

Guarana contains a high quantity of caffeine, which provides to guarana diuretic and tonic properties when added to the theobromine and theophylline contained in it.

Guarana also has a vasodilating action.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Purine bases are mainly composed of caffeine. With a 3.5 to 5 p. content, Guarana is the known plant including the highest content of te above mentioned pseudo-alcaloid.

LACTIC ACID BACTERIA

Lactic Acid Bacteria - SF 68

FLORA ROLE

Role of LAB – SF 68

• This natural flora acts as an ecological barrier regarding the colonization of other pathogenic agents eg E Coli, Salmonella etc hence prevents diarrhoea & Calf Scours.

• Establish healthy microflora especially anaerobic bacteria for fermentation & producing VFAs

• It competes with foreign bacteria for nutriments and cellular retention areas. This contact phase is a permanent stimulation of the immune system spread out along the digestive tract.

• Other protective effects are known such as degradation of bacterial toxins by protheolitic enzymes of the commensal flora.

• The microbial flora also produces short fatty acids reabsorbed by the colonic mucosa. Flora has a metabolic function, in particular via the synthesis of vitamins.

S F – 68 as Probiotic

1. Antimicrobial substance production by probiotics may act on the bacterial metabolism and bacterial intestinal toxin production. Lactic bacteria also produce volatile fatty acids that inhibit the digestive tract colonization via Escherichia Coli.

2. There is a competition of retention on receptors. Indeed, numerous pathogenic agents of the digestive tract as well as probiotics are able to adhere to the digestive epithelium. SF-68 show a retention competition on some receptors.

3. A competition for nutriment utilization is also possible. Actually, a poor nutriment may change into a limiting factor of a strain being part of the digestive flora composition.

4. The immunity stimulation is observed by the administration of micro-organisms, lactobacilli for example. It is usually matter of stimulation of the macrophagic activity.

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