VELALAR COLLEGE OF ENGG AND TECH

REALISATION OF EFFECTIVEBORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM

USING BLUETOOTH

R.THENMOZHI, P.SOUNTHARYA,

EEE DEPT, ECE DEPT,

thenmozhi2k7@gmail.com sountharyaece@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This paper suggests a viable alternative to the deployment of large-scale troops in the border under inhospitable conditions. It is a drain on our economy maintaining such a large contingent of soldiers in a place like Siachen, etc., but our national security cannot be compromised for any reasons. Keeping this in mind, we have developed our own alternative for this, using Bluetooth technology named “BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM” or shortly BDS. Bluetooth is a specification for using radio waves to enable computers, cell phones and other devices to communicate with each other through wireless over short distance protocol connecting devices upto 1 Gbps and distance upto 10m.

This consists of a collection of weapon systems, called the “MATRIX”, interconnected with each other using Bluetooth technology, as maintaining wires in such a place is a cumbersome task. The signals from a biosensor and IR camera are given to the memory unit, which contains some standard reference with which the input signal is compared and the decision is taken. At the same time a message is sent to the headquarters. The MCU also has a radar that monitors aerial intrusion. This system is self blasting type i.e. if any intruder tries to cross any link or lay his hand on any weapon system it will blast itself, thus giving time for troop to be mobilized. Though camera and weapon systems are costly, the cost is nothing when compared to the exorbitant cost of maintaining a troop and that of human lives.

BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM USING BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY

The BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM (BDS) using Bluetooth technology is proposed, as maintaining wires in border area is a cumbersome task.

BLUETOOTH

Bluetooth is a defacto open standard for short-range digital radio. It is designed to operate in the unlicensed ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical applications) band, which is generally available in most parts of the world.

Some specifications of Bluetooth technology,1) Frequency – 2.4 GHz (Unlicensed ISM band)2) Transmitting power - 2.5mW

3) Expected range – 10m (may be increased upto 100m using amplifier)

The specification includes air interface protocols to allow several Bluetooth applications to intercommunicate simultaneously, and to overcome external sources of interference such as domestic and commercial microwave ovens. The aim of the promoters of Bluetooth is to enable the intercommunication of just about any piece of apparatus with any other and consequently one of the main constraints on the design must be the cost, When the Infra Red Interface, common on mobile phones and PCs today, was conceived, it was appreciated that to persuade equipment manufacturers to implement this interface, the cost of implementation had to low. A sophisticated radio interface is more complicated (and more flexible) than the IR interface and therefore more expensive.

In addition to cost, the size matters. With ever-decreasing form factors and weight, any new addition to a piece of electronic apparatus must be small, light and consume minimum power from the host system or separate battery. The Bluetooth implementation is feasible in a very small footprint comprising a single chip and associated RF components, and should be relatively easy to install in anticipated applications. It consumes minimum power.

Bluetooth has the potential for impacting many areas, including applications that would have been inconceivable a few years ago e.g. a fridge- freezer telling a microwave oven what ingredients are available, allowing the microwave to suggest menu options. However, one particular area where Bluetooth will have a significant impact is in the support of other wireless delivery mechanisms such as cellular telephony. While national networks are suited to delivering communications on the move or wireless to any location, purely local interconnections is better handled by a local

communication system. To deliver telephony based services from one undefined location to another, and to distribute the services and functions at those locations requires a hybrid solution, at the core of which is a cellular handset with an in-built Bluetooth transceiver.

Bluetooth, through its flexibility and ultimately low cost, can provide the entire local interconnection, plus a gateway to the national networks when this is required. While there are other solutions already available that could conceivably provide similar local service support, they are less flexible, have specific shortcomings or are more expensive than a Bluetooth solution.

BORDER DEFENCE SYSTEM

INPUT UNITThe input consists of the signal obtained from three receivers that act

separately, namely1) Biosensor2) IR camera3) Radar

BIOSENSORBiosensor is used to sense any moving object and hence it senses any

movement across the border and this is reported to the main control unit (MCU) of the weapon system.

IR CAMERA

As the biosensor senses any living object, it would be a waste if the weapon system starts firing on a polar bear or any other living being. In order to increase the accuracy an IR camera is also used. The IR camera rotates upto 180 at a suitable speed and records any change in temperature due to any living being. IR camera is programmed for human temperature, as the human being is a warm-blooded animal, the temperature does not change with the temperature of the surroundings. Hence the IR camera helps in accurately detecting the human beings.

RADAR

A radar is also provided on the MCU to sense the aircraft or missiles crossing the border.

SCHEMATIC DIAGAM OF BDS

MAIN CONTROL UNIT

The input from these three, that is, biosensors, IR cameras and radar are fed to the MCU and is compared with the standard data in the memory and the appropriate message is sent to the weapon matrix and the HQ.

By using transceivers which receive these signals by means of Bluetooth technology, the MCU identifies the intrusion and generates necessary signals and transmits them to the weapon matrix and the HQ. The transducers in the weapons convert them to mechanical output which triggers these weapons. The weapons also communicate with the next weapon system through a transmitter across the matrix.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE INPUT UNIT

IRCAM ----- Infra red camerasB.S ----- BiosensorsL.R.R. ----- Long Range RadarT.R ----- TransceiverPRCS ----- Processors

WEAPON MATRIX

The weapon matrix is comprised of a collection of weapon units. Each weapon unit is located at a distance of less than 100m (radially) to ensure connectivity. The weapon units are arranged in a hexagonal matrix to ensure that all units can communicatewith the nearby units.

COMMUNICATION BETWEEN WEAPON UNITS

BLUETOOTH TRANSCEIVERS

The bluetooth transceivers play the vital role in communicating between the two bluetooth devices and thus transferring necessary information. It sends and receives signals between the sensors and the MCU, thus helping to identify cross border activities. Similarly it also connects the

MCU and the weapon matrix thus establishing security over the border area without much loss of life.

This system is self-blasting type, that is, in spite of all these precautions, if any intruder tries to cross any link or tries to manhandle with any of the weapon units of the matrix or the sensors even, they will blast themselves and signal the MCU, giving time for troops to be mobilized and further action to be taken.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A SINGLE WEAPON UNIT

ALGORITHM

1) Input the signals from the receiver units to MCU.2) Compare the input signals with the standard data in the memory.3) A decision is taken based on the comparison results.4) Area of intrusion is determined from the input data.5) Message is sent to weapon units in the matrix based on these data.6) Processors interpret the message and convert them into signals.7) These signals are given to transducer and timing unit.8) The timing unit calculates the time of travel, time of launch etc.,9) Processor determines other necessary data.10)The transducer triggers the weapon system.11) A weapon unit starts doing given action.12)Signals are sent to the HQ from MCU using CDMA technique.13) A check is employed to see if enemy is destroyed.14) If not all actions are repeated.15) The security of the weapon unit is checked.16) If something wrong, the weapon unit sends a signal to MCU and

blasts itself.17) If all intruders have been destroyed a signal is sent to HQ by MCU.18) All military actions are ended.19) Normal scanning routine is continued.

CONCLUSION:

Of all the applications existing using Bluetooth, our application uses the Bluetooth technology to the optimum level. As maintenance of the wires in such an area is a cumbersome task, Bluetooth would be the ideal option. The RF communication for short range is very complex and costly. Moreover here we are using three receivers, biosensor, IR camera, radar. Bluetooth is the option for networking them. Our paper can be also implemented without Bluetooth using wires, as we know Bluetooth is also fully implemental, hence our application can be implemented to the full extent. Our paper gives the complete architecture of every entity in the simplest way possible. Hence it is easy for a reader to implement it. As this application is used for defence purpose, security of the system is important, Bluetooth being a short-range communication it is impossible for the enemy to interfere in the band unlike in RF communication field. Of all the sophistication given by the electronics and communication field to the defence, this blue tooth technology is certainly a boon to the defence.

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