“Políticas de Desenvolvimento Globais e Regionais: Prioridades, Desafíos e Oportunidades”

Políticas de desarrollo globales y regionales: prioridades, desafíos y oportunidadesPolitiques de développement globales et régionales: priorités, défis et opportunitésGlobal and regional development policies: priorities, challenges and opportunities

Boris E. UtriaCoordenador -Geral de Operações

Banco MundialBrasil

Reuniao General da Rede Sindical de Cooperacao para o Desenvolvimento

Sao Paulo, 18-20 de Marco, 2014

O Grupo Banco Mundial

World Bank

World Bank Group

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development - IBRD, 187 membersStart of operations: 1946

International Development Association - IDA, 170 membersFounding: 1960

International Financial Corporation – IFCFoundation: 1956, 182 members

Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency – MIGAFoundation: 1988, 175 members

International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes - ICSID, 144 membersFoundation: 1966

A ESTRATEGIA DO GRUPO BANCO MUNDIAL

Nova

4

O Crecimento Economico tem Contribuido para a Reducao da Pobreza e a Compartilhacao da prosperidade,

Mas ainda nao e Suficiente…

5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0Log GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population)

South Africa

ColombiaChina

Angola

Bangladesh

Bolivia

Burkina Faso

Burundi

Cambodia

Cameroon

Central African Republic

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Congo, Rep.

Cote d'Ivoire

Ethiopia India

Indonesia

Iraq

Lao PDR

Liberia

Madagascar

Mali

Mauritania

Mozambique

Nepal

Niger

Rwanda

Sierra Leone

Swaziland

Tajikistan

Tanzania

Togo

Uganda

Venezuela, RB

Vietnam

Zambia

5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0Log GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Vulnerability Rate (% of population between $1.25 and $4 a day

(PPP))

Albania

Angola

Armenia

Bangladesh

Bolivia

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Brazil

Bulgaria

Burkina Faso

Burundi

Cambodia

Central African Republic

Chile

China

Congo, Dem. Rep.

Costa Rica

Egypt, Arab Rep.

El Salvador

Ethiopia

Fiji

Gabon

Georgia

Guinea

Honduras

IndiaIndonesia

Iran, Islamic Rep.

Jordan

Kazakhstan

Kenya

Liberia

Lithuania

Madagascar

Malaysia

Mali

Mozambique

Nepal

Nicaragua

Nigeria

Pakistan

Peru

Philippines

Senegal

Seychelles

Sierra Leone South Africa

Sri Lanka

Swaziland

Tanzania

Togo

Turkey

Venezuela, RB

Zambia

Income GroupLow income

Lower middle income

Upper middle income

High income: nonOECD

High income: OECD

Source: POVCALNET and World Development Indicators for the World Bank Atlas methodLow income = $1,025 or less; lower-middle income = $1,026 - $4,035; upper-middle income = $4,036 - $12,475; and high income.= $12,476 or more purchasing power parity

Extreme Poverty (<$1.25/day) and GDP per capita Poverty ($1.25-$4/day) and GDP per capita

A metade da populacao do mundo vive na Probreza: 1.2 Bilhoes de Pessoas com < US$1.25/dia, 2.7 bilhoes com $1.25-$4/day

5

O Crecimento Deve Ser acompanhado de Inclusao e Sustentavilidade

Crecimento Economico que gere bons empregos sustenta o desenvolvimento — Uma grande geracao de empregos requer a mobilizacao do setor privado e o desenvolvimento de politicas e instituicoes publicas efetivas.

Esta agenda requer accao ao niveis Nacionais, Regionais e Global

Inclusao Social significa empoderar todas as pessoas (mulheres, juventude, minorias, etc. que sao geralmente excluidas) para participar e se beneficiar dos processos de desenvolvimento — a inclusao é essencial para garantir que o desenvolvimeto geral seja traducido em ganhos espeficios e significativos para os pobres (40% e extremos)

Sustentabilidade garante que o progreso de hoje nao seja revertido amanha —sustentabilidade permea a agenda de politica, desde a “economia verde” ate o fortalecimento do consensus social

6

Duas Metas Ambiciosas Guiam ao GBM

As metas do GBM estao alinhadas com a agenda de desenvolvimento post-2015 que esta sendo elaborada pela comunidade internacional

Para lograr as metas de forma sustentavel é necessario: Asegurar o futuro a lungo-prazo do planeta e de seus recursos naturais,

asegurar a inclusao social, e limitar o custo economico das generacoes futuras.

Acabar a Pobreza ExtremaReducir a percentual de pessoas

vivendo com menos deUS$1.25/dia para 3% ate 2030

Promover a Prosperidade Compartilhada

Promover aumento da renda para o 40% da pupolacao de menores ingresos

em cada pais

ESTRATEGIA DO GRUPO BANCO MUNDIAL

BANCO MUNDIAL NA REGIAO ALC

8

Boost sustainedgrowth and productivity

Growth and Jobs

• Generate high sustained, more diversified growth• Address structural gaps • Minimize vulnerability to risk• Improve competitiveness

LAC

Chal

leng

esLC

R S

trat

egy

Address poverty and inequality

Gini , Poverty & Gender

• Help decrease overall level of poverty • Tackle persistent inequality• Enable poor to participate in economy• Strengthen economic role of women • Help youth at risk•Expand access to finance

Strengthen governance and institutions

Engage in Global Issues

Minimize vulnerability

Governance & Institutions

• State and citizen relationship (“identity agenda”)• Provide opportunities for all, access to infrastructure services, targeted safety nets, increased citizen security•Increase transparency and reduce red tape

Global Involvement

• Climate Change, Epidemics, Finance, MigrationSouth-South/North-South Cooperation• LAC in the world and the world in LAC

Guarding Against Disasters

• Help countries with risk mitigation instruments•Improve fiscal, monetary, financial system resiliency

Innovation/Competitiveness

IntegrationIFC

LAC

Pill

ars

Inclusive GrowthClimate Change

Integration

WBG

Pr

ioriti

es Create opportunities for growth and

employment

Target the poor and the vulnerable

Strengthen governance Promote global collective action

Managing and preparing for crisis

A ESTRATEGIA PARA ALC É CONSISTENTE COM AS

METAS DO GRUPO BANCO MUNDIAL

9

Boost sustainedgrowth and productivity

Growth and Jobs

• Generate high sustained, more diversified growth• Address structural gaps • Minimize vulnerability to risk• Improve competitiveness

LAC

Chal

leng

esLC

R S

trat

egy

Address poverty and inequality

Gini , Poverty & Gender

• Help decrease overall level of poverty • Tackle persistent inequality• Enable poor to participate in economy• Strengthen economic role of women • Help youth at risk•Expand access to finance

Strengthen governance and institutions

Engage in Global Issues

Minimize vulnerability

Governance & Institutions

• State and citizen relationship (“identity agenda”)• Provide opportunities for all, access to infrastructure services, targeted safety nets, increased citizen security•Increase transparency and reduce red tape

Global Involvement

• Climate Change, Epidemics, Finance, MigrationSouth-South/North-South Cooperation• LAC in the world and the world in LAC

Guarding Against Disasters

• Help countries with risk mitigation instruments•Improve fiscal, monetary, financial system resiliency

Innovation/Competitiveness

IntegrationIFC

LAC

Pill

ars

Inclusive GrowthClimate Change

Integration

WBG

Pr

ioriti

es Create opportunities for growth and employment

Target the poor and the vulnerable

Strengthen governance Promote global collective action

Managing and preparing for crisis

A ESTRATEGIA PARA ALC É CONSISTENTE COM AS

METAS DO GRUPO BANCO MUNDIAL

10

RegionalActivities

FragileCountry

Lower Income & Lower MIC

Small Upper MIC Large Upper MIC

• Human Opportunity Index & poverty monitoring• Risk response and monitoring• Regional studies• Global goods:

• SEPA• Count the Poor• LCR Gender work • Food prices working group• Studies on Crime and Violence• South-South learning for CCT & assistance system administration•Peer-to-peer learning

• Post-disaster reconstruction (e.g. Housing & Infrastructure programs)• Vulnerability reduction and resilience•Access to basic services •Business climate improvement , private sector and financial sector development for inclusive growth• Global knowledge and TA for development of sector strategy and policy•Gender mainstreaming in projects

• Support to strengthening of governance and institutions • Improving service delivery• Safeguarding the vulnerable (e.g. CCTs, improving nutrition)• Disaster risk management•Regional efforts in Central America (e.g. on citizen security ; economic integration)•Improve financial oversight & financial sector development for inclusive growth•Business climate and productivity improvement

Menu of services: • Financing • Innovative financial products e.g. Green Bonds, CAT/DDOs• Support to country specific and regional themes.• TA, fee-based services e.g. Panama Areas Revertidas

Regional themes:• Financial sector in OECS countries• Growth initiatives in Caribbean• Regional integration• Boys at risk

•Thematic clusters grouping financial and knowledge services

• Package of services on development issues • Poverty & inequality• Natural resource mgmt. & commodity prices• Disaster risk management•Economic participation of women•Energy efficiency & climate change• Sub-national , sectoral, or programmatic lending and knowledge services• Fee-based services• South-South/North-South knowledge sharing e.g. Brazil-Africa• Global engagement (COP 16, G20)•Capital markets & financial sector development for inclusive growth

……By encouraging innovation, risk taking, knowledge generation and sharing

PRESTAR UMA AMPLA GAMA DE SERVICOS AOS NOSSOS DIVERSOS CLIENTES

11

Mexico

GuatemalaEl Salvador

HondurasJamaica

Nicaragua

Costa RicaPanama

Haiti

Dominican Republic

Trinidad & Tobago

SurinameGuyanaVenezuela

Colombia

Ecuador

Peru

Bolivia

Paraguay

UruguayChileArgentina

Brazil

Belize

The Bahamas St. Kitts & NevisDominica

St. LuciaSt. Vincent & The Grenadines Grenada

Antigua &Barbuda

Barbados

… CONTRIBUIR A ENTREGA DE SOLUCOES E RESULTADOS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO

Fragile (Haiti)• 1 m. displaced people moved from camps

to improved housing. Camp occupancy down to 35% of initially displaced people

• 5.5 m. cubic meters of debris removed from Port au Prince

• Schools have reopened, 900,000 children attending school without need to pay tuition

• Hot meals for 2 m. school children daily• GDP grew 5.1% in 2010/11• Increased energy supply capacity in Port-

au-Prince by about 35%.

Lower Income and Lower MIC• Bolivia: Electricity to 130,000 people in

rural areas. 9,200 solar home systems installed in poorest rural areas benefitting 45,000 people

• Ecuador: 417,000 more people with potable water and sanitation systems

• El Salvador: 100,000 families benefitting from CCTs. Reduction in untargeted public subsidies by $134.3 million

• Guatemala: 95% enrollment rate and 74% gross completion rate in primary schools

• Central America: 1.3% reduction in cost of remittances resulted in US$580m in savings for families receiving remittances

Large Upper MIC• Brazil: 650,000 families receiving

electricity from Rural Poverty Program. An annual $77million saved in Minas Gerais since 2005 due to modernization program

• Argentina: 90% of national and provincial paved roads in good condition. Access to health care for 1m. children and uninsured pregnant women, immunization rates up to 94%.

• Peru: nearly 500,000 people have gained access to electricity

• Mexico: Provided green mortgage for 800,000 new houses to reduce 1.2 m. tons of CO2 emissions/year by 2012

Small Upper MIC• OECS: A harmonized aviation regulatory

framework for all OECS countries• Costa Rica: 10% greater primary forest

coverage from Ecomarkets program• Panama: improved health and nutrition

services to 400,000 families in rural areas. 60,000 workers trained in National Training Plan

• Uruguay: Decline in gross public debt from 73% to 60%

Fragile

Lower Income & Lower Income MIC

Small Upper MIC

Large Upper MIC

BANCO MUNDIAL NO BRASIL

0

20

40

60

80

100

AIDBird

Brasil: US$55 bilhões (FY2014)

China

Indonésia

Índia

Brasil

Argentina

Colôm

bia

México

Turquia

Bangladesh

Paquistão

O Brasil está entre os três MaioresClientes do Banco Mundial

Country Partnership Strategy - CPS

Acordada com o Governo Federal, com consultas:

Congresso, governos estaduaisSetor privadoComunidade acadêmicaSociedade civilONGs, sindicatos, movimentos sociais

Aprovada pela Diretoria Executiva do Banco

Identifica as prioridades de parceria a serem desenvolvidas através de empréstimos, assistência técnica e outros instrumentos

Estratégia de Parceria com o Brasil 2012-2015

Brasil - Banco Mundial: Objetivos Estratégicos (2012-15)

1. Aumentar volume e produtividade de investimentos públicos e privados;

2. Melhorar serviços públicos para famílias de baixa renda (i.e.,saúde, educação, moradia);

3. Promover desenvolvimento regional por meio de políticas e investimentos estratégicos; e,

4. Melhorar a gestão sustentável de recursos naturais e a resiliência climática.

Acabar a Pobreza ExtremaReducir a percentual de pessoas vivendo com

menos de US$1.25/dia para 3% ate 2030

Promover a Prosperidade Compartilhada

Promover aumento da renda para o 40% da pupolacao de menores ingresos em cada pais

Brasil - Banco Mundial: Objetivos Estratégicos (2012-15)

1. GERACAO DE BONS EMPREGOS;

2. INCLUSAO SOCIAL, COM ATENCAO AS MULHERES;

3. ESTABILIDADE ECONOMICA;

4. SUSTENTABILIDADE;

5. EFICIENCIA DO SETOR PUBLICO; e,

6. BOA GOVERNANCA.

Acabar a Pobreza ExtremaReducir a percentual de pessoas vivendo com

menos de US$1.25/dia para 3% ate 2030

Promover a Prosperidade Compartilhada

Promover aumento da renda para o 40% da pupolacao de menores ingresos em cada pais

Mas o Banco Mundial é muito pequeno em relação ao Brasil…

Os empréstimos do Banco Mundial equivalem a 4% do investimento público total anual

A EPP se apoia em quatro princípios para maximizar o impacto do GBM no Brasil:

1. Foco na inovação (novos desafios e avancos de conhecimento)

2. Alavancagem (Conhecimento & Financeiro)

3. Flexibilidade (as necessidades do Brasil mudam)

4. Seletividade (i.e., foco no Nordeste, Areas Metropolitanas, etc.)

Outros Aspectos Importantes do EPP Foco nos Estados: poucos empréstimos ao Governo

Federal (focados em inovação)

Operações Multi-Setoriais: ajudando o Brasil a enfrentar desafios complexos

Gênero: intervenções para reduzir desigualdade de gênero em todos os setores

Cooperação Sul-Sul: grande interesse do resto do mundo nos avanços do Brasil

Foco em Resultados: seremos cobrados pela matriz de indicadores

EPP (2012-15): Emfase no Nordeste e NorteFinaciamentos por Regiao – Milhoes US$

432.03,082.9

600.0

5,717.7

920.0Federal: 1,318.7

Agriculture and Rural Development; 1,008.4Competitives

Industries; 350.0

Economic Policy; 950.0

Education; 294.0

Energy and Mining; 544.6

environment; 84.3

Financial and Pri-vate Sector De-velopment (I);

941.0

Health, Nutrition and Population;

749.7

Poverty Reduction; 500.0

Public Sector Governance; 1,360.9

Social Protection; 200.0

Transport; 4,040.0

Urban Devel-opment; 388.0

Water; 659.6

Brasil: Portfalio Activo por Setores (US$ 12.07 Billion)

Federal11%

Estadual85%

Municipal4%

Brasil: Portfalio Activo por Tipo de Mutuario (US$ 12.07 Billion)

FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY140.0

500.0

1,000.0

1,500.0

2,000.0

2,500.0

3,000.0

3,500.0

4,000.0

FederalMunicipalState

FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY140.0

500.0

1,000.0

1,500.0

2,000.0

2,500.0

3,000.0

3,500.0

4,000.0

FederalOtherNorthNortheast

Brasil: Emprestimos BIRD

(FY07-14) Milhoes US$

Obrigado pelo convite e atencao !!

Boris E. UtriaCoordenador -Geral de Operações

Banco MundialBrasil