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Botany Resource Report for Plants - USFS Tongass National … · 2013. 4. 26. · the dock on Gilbert Bay. A road would be built connecting the powerhouse and the dock site. At this

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  • Botany Resource Report for Plants - USFS – Tongass National Forest – Juneau Ranger District – FINAL REPORT

    For: Juneau Hydropower, Inc. - Sweetheart Lake Hydro Project

    Koren Bosworth - Bosworth Botanical Consulting –and Richard Carstensen - Discovery Southeast

    Galium kamtschaticum

    April 2013

    ©2013 BOSWORTH BOTANICAL CONSULTING

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    Table of Contents

    1.0 Introduction 3

    2.0 Project Description 4

    3.0 Effected Environment 6 3.1 General Vegetation 6

    4.0 Rare Plants 11

    5.0 Invasive Plants 16

    6.0 Pre-field Review of Existing Information 17

    7.0 Survey Methods for Rare and Invasive Plant Species 19

    8.0 Survey Results 19

    9.0 Environmental Consequences 20

    10.0 Cumulative Effects 24

    10.0 References 28

    Appendix A - Alaska Region Sensitive Plants, February 2009 29

    Appendix B - Sweetheart Lake Project Plant Survey - Species List. 30

    Appendix C - Gilbert Bay Plant List - Species List 36

    Appendix D - USFS - Tongass National Forest - GIS Rare Plant Records for Three Rare Species 42

    Appendix E - USDA Forest Service Element Occurrence Forms for Carex bicolor, Chrysosplenium

    tetrandrum and Galium kamtschaticum 45

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    1.0 Introduction

    This document is a botanical resource report for rare plant species in support of permit

    documents, determination of direct and indirect impacts, and mitigation planning for the

    Sweetheart Lake hydroelectric project. For the past two years Juneau Hydropower, Inc.

    has been evaluating the Sweetheart Watershed for siting a hydroelectric project (FERC

    No. 1356-001).

    Forest Service policy requires that a review of programs and activities, through an effects

    analysis, be conducted to determine their potential effect on threatened and endangered

    species, species proposed for listing and Regional Forester designated sensitive species.

    The purpose of this document is to present the analysis and determination of effects of

    the alternatives on federally listed species (endangered, threatened, and proposed) and

    Forest Service sensitive species (FSM 2670.31-2670.32), rare plant species and invasive

    species.

    For threatened and endangered species and species proposed for listing, the analysis and

    document are referred to as a Biological Assessment, or BA. No plants federally listed or

    proposed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are known or suspected to occur in the

    Alaska Region, therefore there will be no further discussion of federally listed or

    proposed plants in this document.

    A rare plant on the Tongass National Forest is defined as a plant that:

    1. is on the Alaska Natural Heritage Program (ANHP) Rare Vascular Plant Tracking List that are known or suspected to occur on the Tongass (ANHP, 2012), is

    considered S1 and S2 in State ranking (some S3 are considered), and is not on the

    sensitive plant list for the Tongass.

    2. is proposed upon consultation and agreement among Tongass ecologists, District botanists, and the Region 10 botanist because of rarity on the Tongass (i.e. plants

    with range edges or disjunct populations on the Tongass but not yet given a state

    ranking on the ANHP list).

    3. has population viability concerns on the Tongass, but is not on the sensitive plant list.

    4. has been or is being raised as an issue because of rarity or conservation concerns (through the NEPA process).

    The list of rare plants is dynamic; plants may be dropped when they are found to be more

    abundant than previously thought, or plants may be added if they are newly discovered in

    the state or Forest. Plants may also be added or dropped as their taxonomic status

    changes. Generally, the Tongass rare plant list is based on the ANHP rare plant-tracking

    list. The USFS and other agencies contribute rare plant occurrence information to the

    ANHP for database inclusion. The plants considered sensitive on the Tongass are also on

    the ANHP plant-tracking list.

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    2.0 Project Description Gilbert Bay is on the mainland of SE Alaska, approximately 35 miles south of Juneau and

    just north of Tracy Arm (Figure 1). Sweetheart Creek and Lower Sweetheart Lake are at

    the head of Gilbert Bay on the east side. Lower Sweetheart Lake is a long, narrow lake

    (5.28 miles x 0.6 miles) two miles up Sweetheart Creek from Gilbert Bay. With this

    project I am using a slightly different terminology than is often used in these reports. The

    term project area is expanded to include all of the Sweetheart watershed and the potential

    transmission line corridor on the western shore of Gilbert Bay. This allows for the

    consideration of watershed wide impacts to fish and wildlife. The area around Lower

    Sweetheart Lake that would be inundated by the damming of the lake outlet is referred to

    as the impact area and is what is used for mapping and calculation of impacted acres in

    the lake area (Figure 2). The powerhouse, tailrace, a road and a dock would be located at

    the mouth of Sweetheart Creek on the southeast shore of Gilbert Bay.

    Figure 1 - Project location map

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    Figure 2 - Generalized map of inundated area around Lower Sweetheart Lake (Carstensen 2012).

    Figure 3 - Proposed impacts at Lower Sweetheart Lake dam site and the lower Sweetheart Creek, powerhouse,

    tailrace, upper road and dock.

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    Figure 4 - West side transmission line

    alternatives.

    The proposed project consists of an

    intake structure at Lower Sweetheart

    Lake, a dam at the outlet of Lower

    Sweetheart Lake which would raise

    the level of the lake from 551 feet to

    576 feet permanently and then

    another 60 feet seasonally, a power

    conduit consisting mostly of a tunnel

    rather than a road, which considering

    the steep terrain would be very

    difficult and invasive, and a steel

    penstock leading to a buried or

    partially buried powerhouse located

    above the barrier falls at Sweetheart

    Creek. An operator’s house would be

    built either at the powerhouse or at

    the dock on Gilbert Bay. A road

    would be built connecting the

    powerhouse and the dock site. At this

    time there are two road alternatives:

    one is the 1.1 mile forest road that

    would stay high on the hillside to just

    above the dock and then switchback

    down and the other, the1.0 mile

    coastal road, would stay low, staying

    in the rocky intertidal from the dock

    to the north edge of the delta sediments, when it would angle fairly steeply up the hill to

    the powerhouse. The forest road would have 3.4 acres of road fill and the beach road

    would have 3.0 acres of road fill.

    The transmission lines between the dock and the powerhouse would either be overhead

    lines (forest route) or buried cable (coastal route). From the dock transmission of

    electricity would occur either by a mix of submarine and overhead transmission

    traversing the west side of Gilbert Bay or through a submarine cable across Gilbert Bay

    to the Snettisham transmission line (Figures 2-4).

    3.0 Effected Environment

    3.1 General Vegetation The impact area vegetation patterns correspond to the age and the geomorphic,

    hydrologic and soils patterns of the specific sites and the overall area. The well-drained

    alluvial and colluvial sediments and the steep bedrock slopes are mostly upland

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    vegetation. The finer lakeshore and beaver pond edge sediments and flatter basin, hill

    slope and terrace areas have wetland vegetation of various types. Following are

    vegetation maps of the project area including one using the National Wetlands Inventory

    (Cowardin 1976) and the USFS - Tongass National Forest Vegetation Maps with some

    specific categories devised to better fit the Sweetheart Lake conditions.

    Figure 5 - General vegetation map altered from USFS vegetation type GIS layers

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    Figure 6 - NWI map for Gilbert Bay

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    Figure 7 - NWI map for Sweetheart Lake area

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    Figure 8 - Geology map and bedrock type keys for project area

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    4.0 Rare Plants

    Following is the ANHP 2012 Global and State Ranked Rare Plant List, edited to include

    only species known to occur in or near SE Alaska. There are 110 species on the list.

    Scientific Name and Authority Global Rank

    State Rank

    Abies amabilis Douglas ex J. Forbes G5 S3*

    Agoseris aurantiaca (Hooker) Greene var. aurantiaca

    G5T4T5 S1S2

    Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Rafinesque G5 S2S3Q

    Ambrosia chamissonis (Lessing) Greene G4G5 S2

    Arnica mollis Hooker G5 S2Q

    Arnica ovata Greene G5 S3S4Q

    Asplenium trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens D. E. Meyer

    G5T5? S2S3

    Astragalus robbinsii ssp. harringtonii (Rydb.) Barneby

    G5T3 S3

    Botrychium ascendens W. H. Wagner G2G3 S2S3

    Botrychium robustum Rupr. G4G5 S1S2

    Botrychium spathulatum W. H. Wagner G3 S1

    Botrychium tunux Stensvold & Farrar G2G3 S2

    Botrychium virginianum (L.) Swartz G5 S3

    Botrychium yaaxudakeit Stensvold & Farrar

    G2 S2

    Brasenia schreberi J. F. Gmel. G5 S1*

    Cardamine angulata Hook. G5 S1S2

    Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. G5 S1

    Carex adelostoma V. I. Krecz. G4 S1S2*

    Carex athrostachya Olney G5 S1*

    Carex atratiformis Britt. G5 S3*

    Carex bebbii Olney ex Fernald G5 S1S2*

    Carex hoodii Boott G5 S1*

    Carex interior L. H. Bailey G5 S3*

    Carex phaeocephala Piper G4 S3*

    Carex preslii Steud. G4 S1*

    Carex stipata Muhl. ex Willd. var. stipata G5 S2*

    Castilleja hyetophila Pennell G4G5 S2S3*

    Castilleja miniata ssp. dixonii (Fernald) Kartesz

    G5TNR SU*

    Catabrosa aquatica (L.) P. Beauv. G5 S1S2

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    Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. P. C. Barton ssp. umbellata

    G5T5 S2*

    Crassula aquatica (L.) Schönland G5 S1S2

    Crataegus suksdorfii (Sarge) Kruschke GNR SH*

    Cryptogramma stelleri (S. G. Gmel.) Prantl G5 S3S4

    Cypripedium montanum Douglas ex Lindl. G4 S2*

    Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight

    G5TNR S1*

    Danthonia spicata (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.

    G5 S1

    Douglasia laevigata A. Gray G3 SP*

    Draba incerta Payson G5 S3

    Draba praealta Greene G5 S1Q

    Eriophorum viridicarinatum (Engelm.) Fernald

    G5 S2S3*

    Festuca occidentalis Hook. G5 S1

    Gentianella propinqua ssp. aleutica (Cham. & Schltdl.) J. M. Gillett

    G5T2T4 S3*

    Geum aleppicum ssp. strictum (Aiton) R. T. Clausen

    G5T5 S3*

    Geum schofieldii Calder & R. L. Taylor GNR SPQ*

    Glehnia littoralis ssp. leiocarpa (Math.) Hult.

    G5T5 S2S3

    Glyceria leptostachya Buckley G3 S3

    Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc. G5 S3

    Isoetes occidentalis L. F. Hend. G4G5 S3S4*

    Isolepis cernua (Vahl) Roem. & Schult. var. cernua

    G5 S1*

    Juncus articulatus L. G5 S1S2*

    Juncus nodosus L. G5 S1S2*

    Juncus tenuis Willd. G5 S2*

    Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald G5 S2S3

    Lathyrus ochroleucus Hook. G5 SH

    Ligusticum calderi Math. & Const. G3G4 S2

    Lobelia dortmanna L. G4G5 S1S2

    Luzula comosa E. Meyer G4G5 S1*

    Lycopodiella inundata (L.) Holub. G5 S3*

    Lycopus uniflorus Michx. G5 S3S4*

    Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie

    G5 S1*

    Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link G5 S3*

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    Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Swartz ssp. monophyllos

    GNRTNR SU*

    Malaxis monophyllos ssp. brachypoda (A. Gray) F. Morris & E. A. Eames

    GNRTNR SU*

    Melica subulata (Griseb.) Scribn. G5 S2S3

    Micranthes charlottae (Calder & Savile) GNR S2*

    Micranthes occidentalis (S. Watson) Small G5 S1*

    Micranthes tolmiei (Torr. & A. Gray) Brouillet & Gornall

    GNR S2S3*

    Mimulus lewisii Pursh G5 S2S3*

    Mitella nuda L. G5 S1*

    Myriophyllum farwellii Morong G5 S1*

    Packera subnuda var. moresbiensis Calder & R. L. Taylor) Trock

    GNRT3T4 S3

    Phyllodoce empetriformis (Sm.) D. Don G5 S1S2*

    Phyllospadix serrulatus Rupr. ex Asch. G4 S3*

    Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze G5 S2*

    Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson

    G5T5 SU*

    Piperia unalascensis (Spreng.) Rydb. G5 S3*

    Plagiobothrys orientalis (L.) I. M. Johnst. G3G4 S3

    Platanthera orbiculata (Pursh) Lindl. G5 S3S4*

    Poa macrantha Vasey G5 S1S2

    Podagrostis humilis (Vasey) Björkman G5 S3

    Polygonum fowleri B. L. Robinson ssp. fowleri

    G5TNR S3S4

    Polygonum minimum S. Watson G5 S1

    Polystichum kruckebergii W. H. Wagner G4 S1*

    Polystichum setigerum (K. Presl) K. Presl G3 S3*

    Ranunculus orthorhynchus Hook var. orthorhynchus

    G5T5 S2S3

    Ranunculus pacificus (Hultén) L.D. Benson G3 S3S4

    Romanzoffia unalaschcensis Cham. G3 S3S4

    Rorippa curvisiliqua (Hook.) Bess. ex Britt. G5 S1S2

    Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook. G5 S2S3*

    Salix planifolia Pursh G5T5 S2*

    Salix prolixa Andersson G5 S1

    Saussurea americana D. C. Eaton G5 S2S3

    Saxifraga adscendens ssp. oregonensis (Raf.) Bacig.

    G5T4T5 S2S3

    Schoenoplectus subterminalis (Torr.) Soják

    G4G5 S2*

    Sedum divergens S. Watson G5? S1

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    Sedum lanceolatum Torr. var. lanceolatum

    G5T3T5 SP

    Sedum oreganum Nutt. var. oreganum G5TNR SH

    Sidalcea hendersonii S. Watson G3 S1*

    Stachys mexicana Benth. G5 S1*

    Suaeda calceoliformis (Hook.) Moq. G5 S1S2

    Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S. F. Blake G5 S2

    Taxus brevifolia Nutt. G4G5 S3*

    Thalictrum minus ssp. kemense (Fr.) Cajander

    GNR S2

    Thalictrum occidentale A. Gray G5 S2S3

    Tiarella trifoliata var. laciniata (Hook.) Wheelock

    G5T5? S3*

    Vicia americana Muhl. ex Willd. G5 S2

    Viola selkirkii Pursh ex Goldie G5? S3S4*

    Viola sempervirens Greene G5 S1*

    Zannichellia palustris L. ssp. palustris G5 S3S4*

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    Following is the Tongass National Forest, 2009 Rare Plant List

    TNF Rare Plant List

    Abies lasiocarpa

    Aquilegia flavescens

    Arctophila fulva

    Asplenium trichomanes

    Brasenia schreberi

    Bromus pacificus

    Calamagrostis deschampsoides

    Carex arctiformis

    Carex bicolor

    Carex membranacea

    Chimaphila umbellata

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum

    Clintonia uniflora

    Cyrpipedium montanum

    Cypripedium guttatum

    Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens

    Festuca subulata

    Galium kamtschaticum

    Gaultheria shallon

    Goodyeara oblongifolia

    Isoetes occidentalis

    Isoetes truncata

    Juncus articulatus

    Juncus dudleyi

    Juncus falcatus var. sitchensis

    Juncus triglumis var. albescens

    Juncus wahlenbergii

    Listera convallarioides

    Luzula kjellmaniana

    Lycopodiella inundata

    Melica subulata

    Piperia unalascensis

    Platanthera orbiculata

    Poa macrocalyx

    Poa x norbergii

    Poa psuedoabbreviata

    Polysticum andersonii

    Polysticum kwakiutlii

    Polysticum munitum

    Potamogeton robbinsii

    Rannunculus occidenntalis var. nelsonii

    Rannunculus pacificus

    Rannunculus pallasii

    Salix setchelliana

    Saxifraga serpyllifolia

    Saxifraga tolmiei

    Schaenoplectus subterminalis

    Sedum divergens

    Tephroseris atropurpurea

    Tofieldia coccinea

    Tofieldia pusilla

    Viola biflora ssp. carlottae

    Woodsia alpina

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    5.0 Invasive Plants

    Tongass National Forest High Priority Invasive Plants.

    High Priority Invasive Plants--actively controlling these plants where feasible

    Scientific Name Common Name

    Rank

    0-100

    (low-

    high)1

    Alliara petiolata (Bieb.) Cavara & Grande garlic mustard 70

    Centaurea biebersteinii DC spotted knapweed 86

    Cirsium arvensis L. Scop. Canada thistle 76

    Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. bull thistle, common thistle 61

    Hieracium aurantiacum L. and Hieracium

    caespitosum

    orange hawkweed, devil's paintbrush & meadow

    hawkweed 79

    Hieracium lachenalii K.C. Gmel. Common hawkweed 57

    Linaria vulgaris Miller yellow toadflax, butter and eggs 69

    Senecio jacobaea L. ragwort, stinking willie 63

    Sonchus arvensis L. ssp. uliginosis (Bieb.) Nyman perennial sowthistle, moist sowthistle 73

    Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb & Zucc. Japanese knotweed 87

    High Priority Invasive Plants—actively controlling these plants only in certain locations

    Brassica rapa field mustard 50

    Brassica rapa var. rapa purple-topped turnip 50

    Cotula coronopifolia L. common brassbuttons 42

    Crepis tectorum L. narrow-leaf hawk's beard 56

    Galeopsis bifida Boenn. and G. tetrahit L. split-lip hemp-nettle 50

    Hieracium umbellatum L. narrow-leaved hawkweed 51

    Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. oxeye daisy, white daisy 61

    Melilotus alba Medikus white sweetclover 81

    Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam yellow sweetclover, king's crown 69

    Phalaris arundicacea L. reed canarygrass, canarygrass 83

    Polygonum convolvulus black bindweed 50

    Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 60

    Watch list--plants not known to occur on TNF, but occur elsewhere and are highly invasive

    Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) Beauv. false-brome 70

    Carduus nutans L., C. acanthoides L., C.

    pycnocephalus L., C. tenuiflorus W. Curtis

    musk thistle, plumeless thistle, Italian thistle,

    slender-flowered thistle 61

    Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier giant hogweed 81

    Hydrilla verticillata (L. fil.) Roy Hydrilla 80

    Lythrum salicaria L. & L. virgatum L. purple loosestrife, spike loosetrife 84

    Potentilla recta L. sulphur cinquefoil 57

    Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees Himalayan blackberry 77

    Spartina alterniflora Loisel, S. angelica C.E. Hubbard,

    S. densiflora Brongn., S. patens (Ait.) Muhls

    Atlantic cordgrass, saltmarsh grass, smooth

    cordgrass 86

    Zostera japonica Aschers. & Graebn. dwarf eelgrass 53 1--Ranking designated by the Alaska Natural Heritage Program; see

    http://akweeds.uaa.alaska.edu/akweeds_ranking_page.htm for more information

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    6.0 Pre-field Review of Existing Information

    A pre-field review of existing information concerning the plants listed above was

    conducted for the project area. This review included E-Flora BC, the USFS - Alaska

    Region Sensitive Species List, Alaska Natural Heritage Program (AKNHP) data base

    records for 2008 and 2012, ALA-ARCTOS database, the Illustrated Flora of British

    Columbia and Hulten’s Flora of Alaska. The USFS has done field surveys for sensitive

    species in the area of the project and presumably if rare species were found during the

    surveys they were noted.

    Figure 9 - USFS survey records for the Port Snettisham and Tracy Arm area.

    There is a small section of the potential impact area along the proposed transmission line

    route, shown on the geology map to have ultra-mafic rock. This part of the impact area

    was surveyed intensively for Polystichum kruckebergii and Piperia unalascensis and

    other rare species that are found primarily on ultramafic rock.

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    There is a section of the potential impact area listed on the geology map to have a small

    percentage of low-grade carbonates mixed in with gneiss: PzZyp Paragneiss and marble

    (Paleozoic and Precambrian): Sandwiched between 2 granitic units in the central

    portion of Sweetheart Lake, from Marble Point to Harlequin Narrows. In Coast

    Mountains, from Atlin to Ketchikan, includes dominantly well foliated, well layered,

    locally lineated fine to coarse grained quartz-biotite-feldspar gneiss with lesser schist.

    Some quartzite layers retain fine lamination textures. Association with marble suggests

    marine protoliths. Rock types alternate on a scale of a meter or less. Amphibolite to

    granulite facies.

    This part of the impact area was surveyed intensively and checked for carbonates but

    neither carbonate rock nor any species restricted to carbonate rock were found. We

    determined that very little of the carbonates outcropped in the area - it was mostly the

    non-carbonate paragneiss.

    All of the impact areas habitats were surveyed but there were several habitats that were

    surveyed more intensively: Sweetheart Creek banks and bars (Romanzoffia

    unalaschensis, Papaver alboroseum), openings at small tribs into the creek, beach /forest

    ecotone (Siddalcea hendersonii, Cypripedium montanum), low beach meadow

    (Botrychium tunux, Botrychium yaaxudakeit), lake shore, stream mouths (especially

    diverse were the high-volume streams that come straight down from alpine/subalpine

    areas - we found a number of alpine/subalpine species in these areas), early seral to

    mature wet meadows, gravelly stream bars and lake shores, toe of slope forested

    peatland, disturbed areas around older beaver ponds, and slope peatland/forest ecotones.

    By far the largest percentage of the impact area is avalanche slope dominated by Alnus

    viride, Salix sitchensis, Oplopanax horridus, Athyrium felix-femina and Sambucus

    racemosa and the forest on steep bedrock slopes dominated by Tsuga heterophylla,

    Picea sitchensis, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, Menziesia ferruginea, Vaccinium

    ovalifolium, Oplopanax horridus, Polysticum braunii, and Dryopteris expansa. The

    shorelines of these habitats were surveyed , intensively in areas where streams came

    down and scattered transects done up to 85 feet in these habitats.

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    7.0 Survey Methods for Rare and Invasive Plant Species

    Botanists:

    Koren Bosworth - Bosworth Botanical Consulting and

    Richard Carstensen - Discovery Southeast

    SURVEY DATE LAST NAME AND FIRST NAME OF EXAMINERS FOR EACH VISIT

    9/5/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/6/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/7/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/16/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/17/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/18/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    6/21/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    6/22/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    6/23/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    6/24/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/14/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/15/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/16/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/17/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/18/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/19/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    8/9/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    8/10/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    General Survey Intensity - Level 5 - Focused (Intuitive Controlled)

    Habitats with a high likelihood of rare species such as high velocity stream deltas on Sweetheart Lake and uplifted beach habitat on the Sweetheart Delta, were

    surveyed at Level 6.

    The more uniform, stable and extensive forest habitat was surveyed at a level 3.

    8.0 Survey Results

    Two site survey forms

    No USFS Sensitive plant species were found.

    No invasive species were found.

    No ANHP-2012-listed rare plants were found.

    Three TNF-listed rare plants were found:

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    Carex bicolor Bell. ex All. The USFS - TNF GIS files show no records. (Appendix D) Range - circumpolar - North America, Greenland, Iceland, Eurasia. In Alaska,

    ALA-ARCTOS records show Carex bicolor as being uncommon in coastal and

    mountainous areas of the state and rare in other areas. In SE Alaska there are five

    records, two in Glacier Bay (1967-68), two in Mendenhall Recreation area(1993)

    and one in Sitkoh Bay, Chichagof Island (2006).

    Habitat - Moist to wet meadows, stream sides, seepage slopes, and sandy river

    bars. Open or shaded habitats.

    Element occurrence form is in Appendix E.

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum (Lund ex Malmgr.) Th. Fr.

    The USFS - TNF GIS files show seven records for Chrysosplenium tetrandrum. (details in Appendix D)

    Range - Circumpolar - North America, Greenland, Iceland, Eurasia. In Alaska,

    ALA - ARCTOS records show Chrysosplenium tetrandrum as being common in

    Alaska north of Glacier Bay and rare in SE Alaska. In SE Alaska there are four

    records for Chichagof Island (1994-2004) and one record for Skagway (2002).

    Habitat - Moist to wet shady banks, rock crevices, mossy seeps, and shorelines

    in montane and subalpine zones.

    Element occurrence form is in Appendix E.

    Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult.

    The USFS - TNF GIS files show 51 records for Galium kamtschaticum. (details in Appendix D)

    Range - Circum-North Pacific - Kamchatka, Alaska, BC and NW US. In Alaska

    ALA - ARCTOS records show Galium kamtschaticum scattered and rare in

    south coastal areas north of Glacier Bay and nine records on Chichagof Island

    (1980- 2007), two records on Baronof Island (2004, 2007), one Taku Inlet record

    (2012), one Montana Ck. record (1941), and three southern SE Alaska records

    (Eva Creek, Wilson Arm) (1982, 1993).

    Habitat - Moist stream banks, thickets, forests and talus slopes in the lowlands

    and montane zones.

    Element occurrence form is in Appendix E.

    9.0 Environmental Consequences

    Habitat

    Project Impacts Direct Effects Indirect Effects

    Sweetheart

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    Habitat

    Project Impacts Direct Effects Indirect Effects

    Sweetheart Lake

    Beaver ponds and pond

    edges

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential

    rare/sensitive

    plant habitat1

    Stream banks, bars and

    deltas

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential habitat

    for Carex

    bicolor, Papaver

    alboroseum and

    Romanzoffia

    unalaschensis

    Yazoo channels- forested

    wetland

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential rare

    plant habitat -

    Papaver

    alboroseum and

    Romanzoffia

    unalaschensis

    Avalanche and alluvial fan

    channels at lake level

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential rare

    plant habitat

    Papaver

    alboroseum and

    Romanzoffia

    unalaschensis -

    Steep slope mixed evergreen

    forest

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential

    rare/sensitive

    plant habitat

    Dam and tunnel

    construction site

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential

    rare/sensitive

    plant habitat

    Construction site for dam Clearing and Disturbance and

    1 Potential rare species from the ANHP and TNF list are listed on pages 12-16.

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    Habitat

    Project Impacts Direct Effects Indirect Effects

    and tunnel entrance filling of dam

    and tunnel site,

    construction of

    dam and tunnel

    equipment movement

    could be vector for

    spread of invasive

    species. Potential for

    acid rock drainage

    from road fill

    Slope peatlands Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential

    rare/sensitive

    plant habitat –

    Lycopodiella

    inundata

    Valley floor young Sitka

    spruce/cottonwood/devils

    club/Sitka alder floodplain

    forest

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential

    rare/sensitive

    plant habitat –

    Cypripidium

    montanum

    Floodplain/outwash Sitka

    alder/spiny woodfern thicket

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential

    rare/sensitive

    plant habitat

    Cypripidium

    montanum -

    Hillside bench forested

    wetland

    Inundation 25ft.

    permanently and 60 more

    feet seasonally

    Flooding of

    potential

    rare/sensitive

    plant habitat

    Sweetheart Creek

    Sweetheart Creek channel

    and splash zone

    Damming of flow Dewatering of

    channel for part

    of growing

    season. Potential

    habitat for

    Romanzoffia

    unalascensis

    Create a raw

    disturbed habitat

    more susceptible to

    invasion by invasives

    Sweetheart Creek Delta

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    Habitat

    Project Impacts Direct Effects Indirect Effects

    Area

    Intertidal Intertidal road option

    would go from dock to

    north edge of delta in this

    habitat.

    Road fill on

    rocky intertidal -

    potential

    introduction of

    invasive species

    by construction

    equipment.

    Slight change in tidal

    flow and sediment

    retention because of

    damming effect of

    elevated fill

    Uplifted beach meadow Small section of the lower

    road would cross this

    habitat - 25 ft wide road

    corridor

    Road fill -

    destruction of

    habitat -

    Sidalcea

    hendersonii,

    Botrychium spp.

    Probable rerouting of

    fishermen off

    multiple routes

    through the intertidal

    and uplift area to the

    road surface reducing

    impacts those areas.

    Uplift Sitka spruce, gaps

    and shrubby edges

    Small section of the lower

    road would cross this

    habitat - 25 ft wide road

    corridor and 150 ft. tree

    clearing for transmission

    line.

    Road fill, tree

    clearing -

    destruction of

    habitat for

    Sidalcea

    hendersonii,

    Cypripidium

    montanum and

    others.

    Probable rerouting of

    fishermen off

    multiple routes

    through the forest to

    the road surface

    reducing impacts to

    surrounding areas.

    Sweetheart Creek banks Tailrace constructed from

    powerhouse to creek edge

    Clearing and

    filling of tailrace

    route - potential

    habitat for

    Romanzoffia

    unalascensis

    Disturbance and

    equipment movement

    could be vector for

    spread of invasive

    species.

    Possible increase

    in # of fishermen

    because of ease

    of access

    More physical

    impacts to creek

    banks -

    Hillside W.

    hemlock/yellow-cedar/Sitka

    spruce forest

    Construction of: 25 ft wide

    access road and clearing of

    150' transmission line

    Road fill, tree

    clearing -

    destruction of

    Disturbance and

    equipment movement

    could be vector for

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    Habitat

    Project Impacts Direct Effects Indirect Effects

    clearance, powerhouse and

    tunnel entrance.

    habitat for

    Cypripidium

    montanum and

    others.

    spread of invasive

    species. Potential for

    acid rock drainage

    from road fill.

    Increased blowdown

    because of clearing.

    Hillside/bench forested

    wetland

    Construction of: 25 ft wide

    access road and clearing of

    150' transmission line

    clearance, powerhouse and

    tunnel entrance.

    Road fill, tree

    clearing

    Disturbance and

    equipment movement

    could be vector for

    spread of invasive

    species. Potential for

    acid rock drainage

    from road fill

    Increased blowdown

    because of clearing..

    West Gilbert Bay -

    transmission line

    Hillside W.

    hemlock/yellow-cedar/Sitka

    spruce forest

    Transmission line tower

    placement and tree clearing

    Small footprint

    tower foundation

    constructed and

    trees cleared

    Increased blowdown

    because of clearing.

    Hillside bench peatlands Transmission line tower

    placement and tree clearing

    Small footprint

    tower foundation

    constructed

    Increased blowdown

    because of clearing.

    10.0 Cumulative Effects

    According to the Council on Environmental Quality’s regulations for implementing

    NEPA (50 C.F.R. 1508.7), a cumulative effect is the effect on the environment that

    results from the incremental effect of the action when added to other past, present, and

    reasonably foreseeable future actions, regardless of what agency (federal or non-federal)

    or persons undertakes such other actions. Cumulative effects can result from individually

    minor but collectively significant actions taking place over a period of time, including

    hydropower and other land and water development activities.

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    Geographic Scope

    The project area is located within the Holkham Bay Complex Ecological Subsection of

    Southeast Alaska. The Boundary Ranges Icefields Ecological Subsection is just to the

    east of the project area and includes the Coast Range and the headwaters of the Whiting

    River and Tracy Arm just to the north and south of the project area. The geographic

    scope of analysis for this report and for rare plant species will be defined as the Holkham

    Bay Complex from Taku Inlet south to Holkham Bay.

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    Impacts

    Human activities within this geographic area that may cumulatively affect rare plant

    species include: (1) past and potential mining operations in the area (2) present and

    potential hydroelectric projects at Snettisham, Lake Dorothy and Sweetheart Lake (3)

    visitor pressure from the personal use sockeye fishery at Sweetheart Creek (4) small scale

    commercial shrimping operations in Gilbert Bay

    At present there are no other planned hydroelectric projects within this geographic area.

    There is relatively intense use of the SE Gilbert Bay area because of a personal use

    fishery for the hatchery-released sockeye salmon that return to the mouth of Sweetheart

    Creek in the mid to late summer. The fishing is concentrated in a cascading 250-yard

    stretch of the lower creek, and most fish are taken from three pools. Fishermen anchor in

    the bay and make their way to the creek along the upper beach meadow, through the

    forest and up along the creek. There is a main trail through the uplift spruce forest but

    many others have been beaten down through the intertidal marsh and the uplift meadows

    surrounding the forest. The winding creek- side trail is brushy, steep, muddy and

    frequented by brown bears who are there for the sockeyes and the pinks and chums that

    also spawn in the mouth of the creek. Fish and Game records indicate that the number of

    permittees for the fishery varies from 100 to 400 and the number of fish caught from

    2,500 to 6,000.

    The human users can bring in invasive species on their boats, shoes and gear and

    invasives can be spread further inland by the bears that intersect with the fisherman on

    the delta and the lower creek and then go up the hill and along the beach to eat and bed

    down. A regulation was adopted by the Alaska Board of Fisheries in 2010 banning the

    use of foot gear with absorbent felt or other fibrous material on the while fishing in the

    fresh waters of Alaska, to reduce the potential for introduction and spread of invasive

    organisms, including plants, into Alaska waters.

    Degradation of these beach meadow and forest ecotone habitats could affect potential

    habitat for Henderson's checker-mallow, Mountain lady's slipper orchid and three or four

    of the other sensitive and rare species found in the beach meadows and nearby habitats.

    In the modern context, no cumulative risk analysis is complete without reference to

    global climate change. Conservation biology frequently emphasizes the importance of

    adaptation, including maintaining resilience in ecosystem function, as a means of

    sustaining representative plant populations including rare plant species. Also, the

    temperate coastal rainforest is thought to be vulnerable to an increase in catastrophic fire,

    to the extent that it could replace wind-throw as a determinate of ecosystem structure.

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    Furthermore, a climate-induced northern shift in ecotones is predicted to bring insect

    infestations at a scale heretofore unknown in the region.

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    10.0 References

    AKNHP. 2008 & 2012. Alaska Natural Heritage Program Rare Plant Species Lists.

    (http://aknhp.uaa.alaska.edu/botany/rare-plants-species-lists)

    Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. 2001. Illustrated Flora of British

    Columbia, Volume 7 - Monocotyledons (Orchidaceae through Zosteraceae). British

    Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Ministry of Forests. 379 pages.

    Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. 2001. Illustrated Flora of British

    Columbia, Volume 6 - Monocotyledons (Acoraceae through Najadaceae). British

    Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Ministry of Forests. 361 pages.

    Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. 2000. Illustrated Flora of British

    Columbia, Volume 5 - Dicotyledons (Salicaceae through Zygophyllaceae) and

    Pteridophytes. British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Ministry of

    Forests. 389 pages.

    Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. 1999. Illustrated Flora of British

    Columbia, Volume 4 - Dicotyledons (Orobanchaceae through Rubiaceae). British

    Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Ministry of Forests. 427 pages.

    Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. 1999. Illustrated Flora of British

    Columbia, Volume 3 - Dicotyledons (Diapensiaceae through Onagraceae). British

    Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Ministry of Forests. 423 pages.

    Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. 1998. Illustrated Flora of British

    Columbia, Volume 2 - Dicotyledons (Balsaminaceae through Cucurbitaceae). British

    Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Ministry of Forests. 401 pages.

    Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. 1998. Illustrated Flora of British

    Columbia. Volume 1 - Gymnosperms and Dicotyledons (Aceraceae through Asteraceae).

    British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Ministry of Forests. 436

    pages.

    Hultén, E. 1968. Flora of Alaska and Neighboring Territories. Stanford University Press,

    Stanford, California.

    E-Flora BC 2012. http://www.geog.ubc.ca/biodiversity/eflora/index.shtml

    Pojar, J. and A. MacKinnon (eds.). 1994. Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast.

    Washington, Oregon, British Columbia and Alaska. Lone Pine Publishing, Redmond,

    Washington. 527 pages.

    UAMNH. 2010. University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium. Specimen search

    available at http://arctos.database.museum/SpecimenSearch.cfm. Accessed March, 2012.

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    Appendix A - Alaska Region Sensitive Plants, February 2009

    Common Name Scientific Name Occurrence CNF TNF

    Vascular Plant

    Eschscholtz's little nightmare Aphragmus eschscholtzianus

    Y S

    Moosewort fern Botrychium tunux S Y

    Spatulate moonwort fern Botrychium spathulatum S Y

    Moonwort, no common name Botrychium yaaxudakeit S Y

    Edible thistle Cirsium edule var. macounii

    Y

    Sessileleaf scurvygrass Cochlearia sessilifolia S Spotted lady’s slipper Cypripedium guttatum Y Mountain lady’s slipper Cypripedium montanum S Y

    Large yellow lady’s slipper Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens

    S Y

    Calder’s loveage Ligusticum calderi S Y

    Pale poppy Papaver alboroseum Y S

    Alaska rein orchid Piperia unalascensis S Y

    Lesser round-leaved orchid Platanthera orbiculata Y

    Kruckeberg’s swordfern Polystichum kruckebergii Y

    Unalaska mist-maid Romanzoffia unalaschcensis

    Y Y

    Henderson’s checkermallow Sidalcea hendersonii Y

    Dune tansy Tanacetum bipinnatum subsp. huronense

    S Y

    Lichen Lichen, no common name Lobaria amplissima S Y

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    Appendix B - Sweetheart Lake Project Plant Survey - Species List. NRCS Code Scientific Name Life form Habitat

    ACMIB Achillea millefolium var. borealis herb lake shore gravel

    ACRU2 Actea rubra herb forest edge

    AGME3 Agrostis mertensii graminoid lake shore gravel

    ALVIS Alnus viridis ssp sinuata shrub avalanche slope

    ANMA Anaphalis margaritacea herb avalanche slope

    ANPO Andromeda polifolia sub-shrub peatland

    ANRI Anemone richardsonii herb stream delta

    ANGE2 Angelica genuflexa herb lake shore meadow

    ANLU Angelica lucida herb lake shore meadow

    AQFO Aquilegia formosa herb lake shore meadow

    ARLY2 Arabis lyrata herb lake shore gravel

    ARLA2 Arctagrostis latifolia graminoid lake edge

    ARAM2 Arnica amplexicaulis herb lake shore meadow

    ARLA8 Arnica latifolia herb lake shore meadow

    ARAR9 Artemisia arctica herb avalanche slope

    ARDI8 Aruncus dioicus herb lake shore meadow

    ATFI Athyrium felix-femina fern avalanche slope

    BLSP Blechnum spicant fern steep forest

    BORO Boschniakia rossica parasite avalanche slope

    CACA4 Calamagrostis canadensis graminoid lake shore meadow

    CANO9 Callitropsis nootkatensis tree all

    CALE4 Caltha leptosepala herb lake shore meadow

    CARO2 Campanula rotundifolia herb avalanche slope

    CAOL Cardamine oligosperma herb lake shore gravel

    CAAN10 Carex anthoxanthea graminoid peatland

    CABI4 Carex bicolor* graminoid lake shore gravel

    CABR15 Carex brunnescens graminoid wet meadow

    CACA11 Carex canescens graminoid wet meadow

    CACA12 Carex capillaris graminoid lake shore gravel

    CAFL4 Carex flava graminoid wet meadow

    CALA10 Carex lachenalii graminoid wet meadow

    CALA13 Carex laeviculmis graminoid peatland

    CALE8 Carex lenticularis graminoid lake edge

    CALI7 Carex limosa graminoid peatland

    CALI Carex livida graminoid peatland

    CAMA11 Carex macrochaeta graminoid lake shore meadow

    CAME6 Carex mertensii graminoid lake shore meadow

    CAPA19 Carex pauciflorus graminoid peatland

    CAPL6 Carex pluriflora graminoid peatland

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    CASA10 Carex saxatilis graminoid wet meadow

    CASC10 Carex scirpoidea graminoid wet meadow

    CASI3 Carex sitchensis graminoid lake edge

    CAUT Carex utriculata graminoid lake edge

    CAVI5 Carex viridula graminoid wet meadow

    CAME7 Cassiope mertensiana sub-shrub peatland

    CAMI12 Castilleja miniata herb lake shore meadow

    CEBE2 Cerastium beeringianum herb lake shore gravel

    CHAN9 Chamerion angustifolium herb lake shore meadow

    CHLA13 Chamerion latifolium herb lake shore gravel

    CHTE3 Chrysosplenium tetrandrum* herb lake edge

    CIDO Cicuta douglasii herb wet meadow

    CIAL Circaea alpina herb forested wetland

    CLPY? Cladothamnus pyroliflorus shrub peatland

    CLSA2 Claytonia sarmentosa herb stream delta

    CLSI2 Claytonia siberica herb stream delta

    COPA28 Comarum palustre aquatic wet meadow

    COGM Conioselinum gmelinii (chinense) herb lake shore meadow

    COAS Coptis asplenifolium herb forest

    CPTR2 Coptis trifolia herb peatland

    COTR18 Corallorhiza trifida parasite young forest

    COCA13 Cornus canadensis sub-shrub forest

    COSE16 Cornus stolenifera shrub young forest

    COSU4 Cornus suecica sub-shrub peatland

    CYFR2 Cystopteris fragilis fern forest edge

    DECA18 Deschampsia caespitosa graminoid lake shore meadow

    DOJE1 Dodecatheon jeffreyi herb lake shore meadow

    DOPU Dodecatheon pulchellum herb peatland

    DREX2 Dryopteris expansa graminoid forest

    ELPA3 Eleocharis palustris graminoid peatland

    EMNI Empetrum nigrum sub-shrub peatland

    EPILO Epilobium herb lake edge

    EPAN4 Epilobium anagalidifolium herb lake edge

    EQAR Equisetum arvense pteridophyte all

    EQFL Equisetum fluviatile pteridophyte wet meadow

    EQPA Equisetum palustre pteridophyte wet meadow

    EQPR Equisetum pratense pteridophyte young forest

    EQVA Equisetum variegatum pteridophyte lake edge

    ERHU Erigeron humilis herb lake shore gravel

    ERPE3 Erigeron peregrinus herb lake shore meadow

    ERAN6 Eriophorum angustifolium graminoid peatland

    ERRU2 Eriophorum russeolum graminoid peatland

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    FERU2 Festuca rubra graminoid lake shore gravel

    FRCA5 Fritillaria camschatcensis herb lake shore meadow

    GAAP2 Galium aparine herb avalanche slope

    GATR2 Galium trifidum herb lake shore meadow

    GATR3 Galium triflorum herb lake shore meadow

    GAKA Galium kamtschaticum* herb lake edge

    GEDO Gentiana douglasiana herb peatland

    GELI2 Geocaulon lividum sub-shrub peatland

    GECA6 Geum calthifolium herb peatland

    GEMA4 Geum macrophyllum herb lake shore gravel

    GYDR Gymnocarpium dryopteris fern forest

    HAST3 Harrimanella stelleriana sub-shrub peatland

    HEMA80 Heracleum maximum herb lake shore meadow

    HEGL5 Heuchera glabra herb young forest

    HITR2 Hieracium triste herb lake shore gravel

    HIOD Hierochloe odorata graminoid lake shore meadow

    HUSEC Huperzia selago pteridophyte forest

    IRSE12 Iris setosa beach iris lake shore meadow

    JUAL4 Juncus alpinoarticulatis graminoid lake shore gravel

    JUAR2 Juncus arcticus graminoid lake shore gravel

    JUBI2 Juncus biglumis graminoid lake shore gravel

    JUEF Juncus effusus graminoid beaver pond

    JUME3 Juncus mertensianus graminoid beaver pond

    KAPO Kalmia polifolia sub-shrub peatland

    KUCO Kumlienia cooleyae (Ranunculus cooleyae) herb stream delta

    LEGR Ledum groenlandicum sub-shrub peatland

    LEPY Leptarrhena pyrolifolia herb lake shore meadow

    LICA10 Listera caurina herb forest

    LICO6 Listera cordata herb forest

    LUNO Lupinus nootkatensis herb lake shore gravel

    LUMU2 Luzula multiflora graminoid beaver pond

    LUPA4 Luzula parviflora graminoid lake shore gravel

    LYAN2 Lycopodium annotinum pteridophyte forest

    LYAM3 Lysichiton americanus herb forested wetland

    MADI Maianthemum dilatata herb forest

    MAFU Malus fusca tree young forest

    METR3 Menyanthes trifoliata herb peatland

    MEFE Menziesia ferrunginea shrub all

    MIPE Mitella pentandra herb stream delta

    MOUN2 Moneses uniflora herb forest

    NECR2 Nephrophyllidium crista-galli herb peatland

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    NULUP Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala aquatic peatland

    OPHO Oplopanax horridus shrub avalanche slope

    ORSE Orthilia secunda herb young forest

    OSPU Osmorhiza purpurea herb forest

    OXDI3 Oxyria digyna herb stream delta

    PAPA19 Packera pauciflora herb lake shore gravel

    PAFI3 Parnassia fimbriata herb lake shore gravel

    PAPA8 Parnassia palustris herb stream delta

    PEOR Pedicularis ornithorhyncha herb lake shore gravel

    PEFR5 Petasites frigidus herb stream delta

    PHCO24 Phegopteris connectilis fern forest

    PHAL2 Phleum alpinum graminoid lake shore gravel

    PHGL6 Phyllodoce glanduliflora sub-shrub peatland

    PISI Picea sitchensis tree forest

    PIVU Pinguicula vulgaris insectivore peatland

    PLMA Plantago macrocarpa herb wet meadow

    PLCH3 Platanthera chorisiana herb peatland

    PLDI3 Platanthera dilatata herb all

    PLHY2 Platanthera hyperborea herb all

    POAL2 Poa alpina graminoid lake shore gravel

    POAR2 Poa arctica graminoid lake shore gravel

    POARV2 Poa arctica (vivipara) graminoid lake shore gravel

    POVI3 Polygonum viviparum herb lake shore gravel

    POBR4 Polysticum braunii fern forest

    POBA2 Populus balsamifera tree young forest

    POGR8 Potamogeton gramineus aquatic peatland

    PRAL Prananthes alata herb lake shore meadow

    PRVU Prunella vulgaris herb lake shore gravel

    PTAQ Pteridium aqualinum fern peatland

    PYAS Pyrola asarifolia herb young forest

    PYMI Pyrola minor herb young forest

    RAFL2 Rannunculus flammula aquatic lake edge

    RATR Rannunculus trichophyllus aquatic lake edge

    RAOC Ranunculus occidentalis herb lake shore meadow

    RAUN Ranunculus uncinatus herb lake shore meadow

    RIBR Ribes bracteosum shrub forest

    RILA3 Ribes laxiflorum shrub forest

    ROSI Romanzoffia sitchensis herb stream delta

    RUAR Rubus arcticus sub-shrub young forest

    RUCH Rubus chamaemorus sub-shrub peatland

    RUPE Rubus pedatus sub-shrub forest

    RUSP Rubus spectabilis shrub avalanche slope

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    SANI7 Sagina nivalis herb lake shore gravel

    SAAL Salix alexensis shrub lake shore meadow

    SABA3 Salix barclayii shrub lake shore meadow

    SACO2 Salix communtata shrub lake shore meadow

    SASI2 Salix sitchensis shrub all

    SARA2 Sambucus racemosa shrub avalanche slope

    SACA14 Sangisorba canadensis herb all

    SAFE Saxifraga ferruginea herb stream delta

    SALY3 Saxifraga lyalii herb stream delta

    SAME7 Saxifraga mertensiana herb stream delta

    SANE3 Saxifraga nelsoniana (Saxifraga punctata) herb lake shore gravel

    SCMI2 Scirpus microcarpus graminoid lake edge

    SETR Senecio triangularis herb lake shore meadow

    SOCA6 Solidago canadensis herb lake shore meadow

    SOMU Solidago multiradiata herb lake shore meadow

    SOSI2 Sorbus sitchensis tree peatland

    SPHY Sparganium hyperboreum aquatic peatland

    STELL Stellaria herb lake shore meadow

    STCR2 Stellaria crispa herb lake shore gravel

    STAM2 Streptopus amplexifolius herb forest

    STLA16 Streptopus lanceolatus herb forest

    STST3 Streptopus streptopoides herb forest

    SWPE Swertia perennis herb peatland

    TAAL? Taraxacum alaskanum (ceratophorum) no horns herb lake shore gravel

    TEGR2 Tellima grandiflora herb stream delta

    THQU2 Thelypteris quelpaertensis (T. limbosperma) fern forested wetland

    TITR Tiarella trifoliata herb forest

    TITRU Tiarella unifoliata herb forest

    TRGL5 Triantha glutinosa herb lake shore meadow

    TRCE3 Trichophorum caespitosum graminoid peatland

    TREUA Trientalis arctica (T. europea ssp arctica) herb lake shore meadow

    TRCA21 Trisetum canescens graminoid lake shore meadow

    TRSP2 Trisetum spicatum graminoid lake shore gravel

    TSHE Tsuga heterophylla tree forest

    TSME Tsuga mertensiana tree forest

    VAAL3 Vaccinium alaskaense shrub forest

    VACE Vaccinium caespitosum shrub peatland

    VAOV Vaccinium ovalifolium shrub forest

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    VAOX Vaccinium oxycoccus sub-shrub peatland

    VAUL Vaccinium uliginosum shrub peatland

    VAVI Vaccinium vitis idaea sub-shrub peatland

    VAAT2 Vahlodea atropurpurea graminoid lake shore meadow

    VASI Valeriana sitchensis herb lake shore meadow

    VEVI Veratrum viride herb lake shore meadow

    VEWO2 Veronica wormsjoldii herb lake shore gravel

    VIED Viburnum edule shrub young forest

    VIGL Viola glabella herb forested wetland

    VILA6 Viola langsdorfii herb peatland

    VIPA4 Viola palustris herb lake edge

    * On TNF Rare Plant List - not on 2012 ANHP Rare Plant List

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    Appendix C - Gilbert Bay Plant List - Species List NRCS Code Scientific Name Life form Habitat

    ACMIB Achillea millefolium var. borealis herb beach gravel

    ACRU2 Actea rubra herb forest edge

    AGME3 Agrostis mertensii graminoid beach gravel

    ALVI5 Alnus viridis shrub avalanche slope

    ANMA Anaphalis margaritacea herb avalanche slope

    ANPO Andromeda polifolia sub-shrub peatland

    ANRI Anemone richardsonii herb stream delta

    ANGE2 Angelica genuflexa herb beach meadow

    ANLU Angelica lucida herb beach meadow

    AQFO Aquilegia formosa herb beach meadow

    ARLY2 Arabis lyrata herb beach gravel

    ARLA2 Arctagrostis latifolia graminoid lake edge

    ARAM2 Arnica amplexicaulis herb beach meadow

    ARLA8 Arnica latifolia herb beach meadow

    ARAR9 Artemisia arctica herb avalanche slope

    ARDI8 Aruncus dioicus herb beach meadow

    ATFI Athyrium felix-femina fern avalanche slope

    BLSP Blechnum spicant fern steep forest

    BORO Boschniakia rossica parasite avalanche slope

    CACA4 Calamagrostis canadensis graminoid beach meadow

    CANO9 Callitropsis nootkatensis tree all

    CALE4 Caltha leptosepala herb beach meadow

    CARO2 Campanula rotundifolia herb avalanche slope

    CAOL Cardamine oligosperma herb beach gravel

    CAAN10 Carex anthoxanthea graminoid peatland

    CABI4 Carex bicolor* graminoid beach gravel

    CABR15 Carex brunnescens graminoid wet meadow

    CACA11 Carex canescens graminoid wet meadow

    CACA12 Carex capillaris graminoid beach gravel

    CAFL4 Carex flava graminoid wet meadow

    CALA10 Carex lachenalii graminoid wet meadow

    CALA13 Carex laeviculmis graminoid peatland

    CALE8 Carex lenticularis graminoid lake edge

    CALI7 Carex limosa graminoid peatland

    CALI Carex livida graminoid peatland

    CAMA11 Carex macrochaeta graminoid beach meadow

    CAME6 Carex mertensii graminoid beach meadow

    CAPA19 Carex pauciflorus graminoid peatland

    CAPL6 Carex pluriflora graminoid peatland

    CASA10 Carex saxatilis graminoid wet meadow

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    CASC10 Carex scirpoidea graminoid wet meadow

    CASI3 Carex sitchensis graminoid lake edge

    CAUT Carex utriculata graminoid lake edge

    CAVI5 Carex viridula graminoid wet meadow

    CAME7 Cassiope mertensiana sub-shrub peatland

    CAMI12 Castilleja miniata herb beach meadow

    CEBE2 Cerastium beeringianum herb beach gravel

    CHAN9 Chamerion angustifolium herb beach meadow CHLA13 Chamerion latifolium herb beach gravel

    CHTE3 Chrysosplenium tetrandrum* herb lake edge

    CIDO Cicuta douglasii herb wet meadow

    CIAL Circaea alpina herb forested wetland

    CLPY? Cladothamnus pyroliflorus shrub peatland

    CLSA2 Claytonia sarmentosa herb stream delta

    CLSI2 Claytonia siberica herb stream delta

    COPA28 Comarum palustre aquatic wet meadow

    COGM Conioselinum gmelinii (chinense) herb beach meadow

    COAS Coptis asplenifolium herb forest

    CPTR2 Coptis trifolia herb peatland

    COTR18 Corallorhiza trifida parasite young forest

    COCA13 Cornus canadensis sub-shrub forest

    COSE16 Cornus stolenifera shrub young forest

    COSU4 Cornus suecica sub-shrub peatland

    CYFR2 Cystopteris fragilis fern forest edge

    DECA18 Deschampsia caespitosa graminoid beach meadow

    DOJE1 Dodecatheon jeffreyi herb beach meadow

    DOPU Dodecatheon pulchellum herb peatland

    DREX2 Dryopteris expansa graminoid forest

    ELPA3 Eleocharis palustris graminoid peatland

    EMNI Empetrum nigrum sub-shrub peatland

    EPILO Epilobium herb lake edge

    EPAN4 Epilobium anagalidifolium herb lake edge

    EQAR Equisetum arvense pteridophyte all

    EQFL Equisetum fluviatile pteridophyte wet meadow

    EQPA Equisetum palustre pteridophyte wet meadow

    EQPR Equisetum pratense pteridophyte young forest

    EQVA Equisetum variegatum pteridophyte lake edge

    ERHU Erigeron humilis herb beach gravel

    ERPE3 Erigeron peregrinus herb beach meadow

    ERAN6 Eriophorum angustifolium graminoid peatland

    ERRU2 Eriophorum russeolum graminoid peatland

    FERU2 Festuca rubra graminoid beach gravel

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    FRCA5 Fritillaria camschatcensis herb beach meadow

    GAAP2 Galium aparine herb avalanche slope

    GATR2 Galium trifidum herb beach meadow

    GATR3 Galium triflorum herb beach meadow

    GAKA Gallium kamchaticum* herb lake edge

    GEDO Gentiana douglasiana herb peatland

    GELI2 Geocaulon lividum sub-shrub peatland

    GECA6 Geum calthifolium herb peatland

    GEMA4 Geum macrophyllum herb beach gravel

    GYDR Gymnocarpium dryopteris fern forest

    HAST3 Harrimanella stelleriana sub-shrub peatland

    HEMA80 Heracleum maximum herb beach meadow

    HEGL5 Heuchera glabra herb young forest

    HITR2 Hieracium triste herb beach gravel

    HIOD Hierochloe odorata graminoid beach meadow

    HUSEC Huperzia selago pteridophyte forest

    IRSE12 Iris setosa beach iris beach meadow

    JUAL4 Juncus alpinoarticulatis graminoid beach gravel

    JUAR2 Juncus arcticus graminoid beach gravel

    JUBI2 Juncus biglumis graminoid beach gravel

    JUEF Juncus effusus graminoid beaver pond

    JUME3 Juncus mertensianus graminoid beaver pond

    KAPO Kalmia polifolia sub-shrub peatland

    KUCO Kumlienia cooleyae (Ranunculus cooleyae) herb stream delta

    LEGR Ledum groenlandicum sub-shrub peatland

    LEPY Leptarrhena pyrolifolia herb beach meadow

    LICA10 Listera caurina herb forest

    LICO6 Listera cordata herb forest

    LUNO Lupinus nootkatensis herb beach gravel

    LUMU2 Luzula multiflora graminoid beaver pond

    LUPA4 Luzula parviflora graminoid beach gravel

    LYAN2 Lycopodium annotinum pteridophyte forest

    LYAM3 Lysichiton americanus herb forested wetland

    MADI Maianthemum dilatata herb forest

    MAFU Malus fusca tree young forest

    METR3 Menyanthes trifoliata herb peatland

    MEFE Menziesia ferrunginea shrub all

    MIPE Mitella pentandra herb stream delta

    MOUN2 Moneses uniflora herb forest

    NECR2 Nephrophyllidium crista-galli herb peatland

    NULUP Nuphar lutea ssp. polysepala aquatic peatland

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    OPHO Oplopanax horridus shrub avalanche slope

    ORSE Orthilia secunda herb young forest

    OSPU Osmorhiza purpurea herb forest

    OXDI3 Oxyria digyna herb stream delta

    PAFI3 Parnassia fimbriata herb beach gravel

    PAPA8 Parnassia palustris herb stream delta

    PEOR Pedicularis ornithorhyncha herb beach gravel

    PEFR5 Petasites frigidus herb stream delta

    PHCO24 Phegopteris connectilis fern forest

    PHAL2 Phleum alpinum graminoid beach gravel

    PHGL6 Phyllodoce glanduliflora sub-shrub peatland

    PISI Picea sitchensis tree forest

    PIVU Pinguicula vulgaris insectivore peatland

    PLMA Plantago macrocarpa herb wet meadow

    PLCH3 Platanthera chorisiana herb peatland

    PLDI3 Platanthera dilatata herb all

    PLHY2 Platanthera hyperborea herb all

    POAL2 Poa alpina graminoid beach gravel

    POAR2 Poa arctica graminoid beach gravel

    POARV2 Poa arctica (vivipara) graminoid beach gravel

    POVI3 Polygonum viviparum herb beach gravel

    POBR4 Polysticum braunii fern forest

    POBA2 Populus balsamifera tree young forest

    POGR8 Potamogeton gramineus aquatic peatland

    PRAL Prananthes alata herb beach meadow

    PRVU Prunella vulgaris herb beach gravel

    PTAQ Pteridium aqualinum fern peatland

    PYAS Pyrola asarifolia herb young forest

    PYMI Pyrola minor herb young forest

    RAFL2 Rannunculus flammula aquatic lake edge

    RATR Rannunculus trichophyllus aquatic lake edge

    RAOC Ranunculus occidentalis herb beach meadow

    RAUN Ranunculus uncinatus herb beach meadow

    RIBR Ribes bracteosum shrub forest

    RILA3 Ribes laxiflorum shrub forest

    ROSI Romanzoffia sitchensis herb stream delta

    RUAR Rubus arcticus sub-shrub young forest

    RUCH Rubus chamaemorus sub-shrub peatland

    RUPE Rubus pedatus sub-shrub forest

    RUSP Rubus spectabilis shrub avalanche slope

    SANI7 Sagina nivalis herb beach gravel

    SAAL Salix alexensis shrub beach meadow

    SABA3 Salix barclayii shrub beach meadow

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    SACO2 Salix communtata shrub beach meadow

    SASI2 Salix sitchensis shrub all

    SARA2 Sambucus racemosa shrub avalanche slope

    SACA14 Sangisorba canadensis herb all

    SAFE Saxifraga ferruginea herb stream delta

    SALY3 Saxifraga lyalii herb stream delta

    SAME7 Saxifraga mertensiana herb stream delta

    SANE3 Saxifraga nelsoniana (Saxifraga punctata) herb beach gravel

    SCMI2 Scirpus microcarpus graminoid lake edge

    SETR Senecio triangularis herb beach meadow

    Senicio pauciflorus herb beach gravel

    SOCA6 Solidago canadensis herb beach meadow

    SOMU Solidago multiradiata herb beach meadow

    SOSI2 Sorbus sitchensis tree peatland

    SPHY Sparganium hyperboreum aquatic peatland

    STELL Stellaria herb beach meadow

    STCR2 Stellaria crispa herb beach gravel

    STAM2 Streptopus amplexifolius herb forest

    STLA16 Streptopus lanceolatus herb forest

    STST3 Streptopus streptopoides herb forest

    SWPE Swertia perennis herb peatland

    TAAL? Taraxacum alaskanum (ceratophorum) no horns herb beach gravel

    TEGR2 Tellima grandiflora herb stream delta

    THQU2 Thelypteris quelpaertensis (T. limbosperma) fern

    forested wetland

    TITR Tiarella trifoliata herb forest

    TITRU Tiarella unifoliata herb forest

    TRGL5 Triantha glutinosa herb beach meadow

    TRCE3 Trichophorum caespitosum graminoid peatland

    TREUA Trientalis arctica (T. europea ssp arctica) herb beach meadow

    TRCA21 Trisetum canescens graminoid beach meadow

    TRSP2 Trisetum spicatum graminoid beach gravel

    TSHE Tsuga heterophylla tree forest

    TSME Tsuga mertensiana tree forest

    VAAL3 Vaccinium alaskaense shrub forest

    VACE Vaccinium caespitosum shrub peatland

    VAOV Vaccinium ovalifolium shrub forest

    VAOX Vaccinium oxycoccus sub-shrub peatland

    VAUL Vaccinium uliginosum shrub peatland

    VAVI Vaccinium vitis idaea sub-shrub peatland

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    VAAT2 Vahlodea atropurpurea graminoid beach meadow

    VASI Valeriana sitchensis herb beach meadow

    VEVI Veratrum viride herb beach meadow

    VEWO2 Veronica wormsjoldii herb beach gravel

    VIED Viburnum edule shrub young forest

    VIGL Viola glabella herb forested wetland

    VILA6 Viola langsdorfii herb peatland

    VIPA4 Viola palustris herb lake edge

    * On TNF Rare Plant List - not on 2012 ANHP Rare Plant List

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  • Appendix D - USFS - Tongass National Forest - GIS Rare Plant Records for Three Rare Species

    SCIENTIFIC DATE EXAMINER COMMENTS

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum 8/20/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Unnamed Mtn. 9 mi. S of Hoonah, narrow canyon, sm.

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum 6/22/2003 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is. Iyoutug area

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum 7/20/2004 Dillman, Karen Windham Bay, Chuck River Wild. Taylor Ck drainage 3-4 plants

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum 7/20/2004 Dillman, Karen Windham Bay, Chuck River Wild. Taylor Lake shoreline, on mossy rock, approx 5 plants

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum 8/15/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., outlet from Kook L., streambank, reported by Eric Dow, SRD.

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum 7/18/2010 Johnson, Joni Heceta Island, Bald Mtn

    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum 5/10/2011 Lease, Kristen Prince of Wales, Natuk Creek

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/22/2012 Krieckhaus, Brad Baranof Island, Sashin Lake

    Galium kamtschaticum 9/3/2008 Ross, Aimee Revillagigedo Island, North Saddle Lake

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/3/2002 Anderson, Ellen Prince of Wales, Sunny Cove, Moira EIS,

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/6/2002 Anderson, Ellen SUEMEZ I.,SCRATCHINGS,RDLINE TO U46

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/26/2005 Johnson, Joni POW, Not a rare pl survey. Fine sands of island, frequently flooded, 30 stems

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/5/2003 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is. Iyoutug

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/6/2003 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is. Iyoutug area

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/16/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Island, Iyouktug TS, above unit 40, avalanche brushfield, 15 plants

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/17/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is, Iyouktug TS, Unit 9006-7, OPHO/ATFI/VEVI cover in open forest, 10 counted

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/17/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is, Iyouktug TS, Unit 9006-7, muskeg edge, ALSI/ATFI/LYAM/OPHO patch, 20 counted

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/19/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Iyouktug TS, Unit 5 and proposed Rd., open, wet LYAM/ATFI/OPHO grove, 40 count

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/18/2003 Dillman, Karen Chichagof Is. Low Ridge TS. in slide are

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/21/2003 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is. Iyoutug area

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/3/2003 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is. Iyoutug

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/17/2004 Trimble, Steven, T CLEVELAND PENINSULA; UNION BAY MINE; SMALL POPULATION NEAR SMALL

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    SEEP IN BEACH FRINGE

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/27/2006 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Iyouktug TS, wet meadow w/ ATFI-FORB

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/29/2006 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Iyouktug TS, forest opening w/ ATFI-FORB veg

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/29/2006 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Iyouktug TS, forest gap wet ATFI/LYAM/FORB veg

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/13/2006 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Iyouktug TS, ATFI/LYAM/FORB opening in forest

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/19/2006 Krieckhaus, Brad Chich. Is., Boomerang TS, rdside gap, shrubby w/ ATFI/LYAM

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/9/2006 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is, Iyouktug TS, forest edge, shrubby w/ LYAM/FACR

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/10/2006 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is, Iyouktug TS, subalpine ATFI/FORB meadow

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/12/2006 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Island, Iyouktug TS, ATFI/FORB meadow

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/26/2004 Dillman, Karen Chichagof Is. Pavlof area, RAWS TS unit, in nf wetland along stream, 10 plants, with BOMU

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/26/2005 Anderson, Ellen N CHICHAGOF IS,N OF FRESHWATER BAY,DIVIDE UNIT, 50-75 stems,

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/22/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Rust L. area, ATFI/HELA/VEVI etc field at base of steep limestone ridge, 75 counted

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/3/2004 Calhoun, Kelly Chichagof Is., False Island TS., 75406 Proposed Rd, ALSI/LYAM/ATFI grove, 30 + plants

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/3/2004 Calhoun, Kelly Chichagof Is., False Island TS., forest edge, ATFI/ALSI cover, 30 plants

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/28/2005 Trimble, Steven, T MISTY FIORDS N.M. CHECATS COVE. 7 IND. AT BEACH FRINGE NEAR CHECATS CABIN SITE

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/15/2006 Johnson, Joni Cent Kupreanof EIS, adj to unit 247;est. 300 indiv. trans betw mix con wet to sm fen. w/LICO5

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/2/2003 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof,False Island Timber Sale

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/2/2003 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof,False Is sale - heli- unit

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/17/2004 Calhoun, Kelly Baranof Is., Long Lake area, brushfield on steep slope in forest opening, rocky soils

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/17/2004 Calhoun, Kelly Baranof Is., Long Lake area, large rockslide sloping into lake, brushfield, 75 plus plants counted.

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/17/2004 Calhoun, Kelly Baranof Is., Long Lake area, large rockslide sloping into lake, brushfield, 25 plus plants counted.

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/19/2004 Calhoun, Kelly Baranof Is., Long Lake area, brushfield below cliffs, organics over broken rock and gravel

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/20/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Rust Lake area, 100 plants under lady fern patch near dry stream channel.

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    Galium kamtschaticum 7/21/2004 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is., Rust L. area; base of limestone bluff and down into brushfield; 50 plus

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/3/2006 Dillman, Karen Wrangell Is. Anita Bay, THPL forest, forb rich area, 8 stems, 2 flowering, near Rd 51720

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/3/2006 Dillman, Karen Wrangell Is. Anita Bay, forested wetlands forbs rich area 50+ stems, few flowers, near rd 51720

    Galium kamtschaticum 6/22/2005 Johnson, Joni Wrangell Is. Anita bay, Forest edge bordering on sm pond, Fishtrap Ck; .15 stems

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/2/2010 Cummins, Michelle, Jean Wrangell Is. Thoms Creek. Adjacent to high gradient stream channel.

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/3/2010 Cummins, Michelle, Jean Wrangell Is. Thoms Creek. This chute was lower on slope;

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/4/2010 Cummins, Michelle, Jean Wrangell Is. Fools Inlet. Robust individuals.

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/14/2010 Cummins, Michelle, Jean Wrangell Is. Thoms Creek.

    Galium kamtschaticum 8/31/2010 Cummins, Taya, Katherine Wrangell Is. Thoms Creek.

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/19/2010 Johnson, Joni Tuxekan Island, old Karheen

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/3/2010 Johnson, Joni Prince of Wales, El Capitan Passage, No GPS; no satellites available.

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/8/2008 Krieckhaus, Brad Chichagof Is. Kennel Creek, Population occurs in wetland area near a small timber sale

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/10/2012 de Montigny, Jackie Wrangell Is. Thoms Creek.

    Galium kamtschaticum 7/27/2010 Hofman, Jacob Misty Fiords, Checats Cove

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  • Appendix E - USDA Forest Service Element Occurrence Forms for Carex bicolor, Chrysosplenium tetrandrum and Galium kamtschaticum

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    Carex bicolor:

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    Chrysosplenium tetrandrum:

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    Galium kamtschaticum:

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  • Invasive Species Risk Assessment -Sweetheart Lake Hydro Project - Final For Juneau Hydropower, Inc.

    Taraxacum alaskanum

    4/9/2013 Koren Bosworth Bosworth Botanical Consulting

    © 2013 Bosworth Botanical Consulting

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    Contents A. Inventory ............................................................................................................................... 3

    B. Habitat Vulnerability ............................................................................................................. 5

    Table of Survey Intensity Level in Sweetheart Watershed Habitats and Their Pre-Project

    Vulnerability and Risk ................................................................................................................ 7

    C. Non-project Dependent Vectors ............................................................................................ 9

    D. Habitat Alteration Expected as a Result of the Project:........................................................ 9

    E. Increased Vectors as a Result of Project Implementation: .................................................. 14

    F. Mitigation Measures (prevention and control): ................................................................... 16

    G. Species of Concern: ............................................................................................................ 18

    References ................................................................................................................................. 19

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    A. Inventory

    The Sweetheart Lake Hydro Project invasive plant species survey was conducted in conjunction

    with a September 2011, preliminary wetland delineation, a June 2012 final wetland delineation

    and July 2012 and August 2012 sensitive plant species and rare plant species surveys. The

    wetland delineation surveys were not necessarily driven by the need to survey habitats specific to

    invasive species but they were wide ranging and helped to raise the intensity of the invasive

    species survey.

    The survey level for most of the habitats of interest was a Focused (Intuitive Controlled) or a

    Systematic. No invasive species were found on any of the surveys.

    SURVEY DATE LAST NAME AND FIRST NAME OF EXAMINERS FOR EACH VISIT

    9/4/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/5/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/6/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/7/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/16/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/17/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    9/18/2011 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    6/21/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    6/22/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    6/23/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    6/24/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/14/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/15/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/16/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/17/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/18/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    7/19/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    8/9/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

    8/10/2012 BOSWORTH, KOREN - CARSTENSEN, RICHARD

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    Most of the proposed project area is very isolated and has little or no human traffic, but the area

    around the mouth of Sweetheart Creek has quite a bit of human traffic during the mid-to-late

    summer, stocked sockeye run into the mouth of the creek.

    Perennial sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis - ANHP invasiveness ranking – 73 out of 100) has been

    found invading isolated and urban beach meadows alike and is something that was looked for

    specifically in the beach meadows of the project area but was not found.

    ANHP's AKEPIC database and EDMAPs Alaska show no records for invasive species in the

    greater Port Snettisham/Gilbert Bay area. The closest records are at the mouth of Endicott Arm,

    approximately fifteen miles away, at several old homestead and fox farm sites. The records are

    for small numbers of Taraxacum officinale, Rumex acetosella, Trifolium repens and Lolium

    perenne. None of these species are on the USFS - TNF High Priority Invasives List.

    Table 1. High priority invasive plant species in or near the project area

    Scientific Name Common Name

    Rank

    0-100

    (low-high)1

    Species

    Present

    ?

    Y or N

    If Present, Gross

    Area of the

    Infestation (sq. ft.)

    actively controlling these plants where feasible

    Alliara petiolata garlic mustard 70 N

    Centaurea biebersteinii spotted knapweed 86 N

    Cirsium arvensis Canada thistle 76 N

    Cirsium vulgare bull thistle 61 N

    Hieracium aurantiacum and

    Hieracium caespitosum

    orange hawkweed, devil's

    paintbrush & meadow hawkweed 79

    N

    Hieracium lachenalii Common hawkweed 57 N

    Linaria vulgaris yellow toadflax, butter and eggs 69 N

    Senecio jacobaea. Tansy ragwort 63 N

    Sonchus arvensis. ssp.

    uliginosis Perennial sow thistle 73

    N

    Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb

    & Zucc. Japanese knotweed 87

    N

    actively controlling these plants only in certain locations

    Brassica rapa field mustard 50 N

    Brassica rapa var. rapa purple-topped turnip 50 N

    Cotula coronopifolia common brassbuttons 42 N

    Crepis tectorum narrow-leaf hawk's beard 56 N

    Galeopsis bifida and G.

    tetrahit split-lip hemp-nettle 50

    N

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    Hieracium umbellatum narrow-leaved hawkweed 51 N

    Leucanthemum vulgare oxeye daisy, white daisy 61 N

    Melilotus alba white sweetclover 81 N

    Melilotus officinalis yellow sweetclover, king's crown 69 N

    Phalaris arundicacea reed canarygrass 83 N

    Polygonum convolvulus black bindweed 50 N

    Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 60 N

    Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife 84 N

    Zostera japonica dwarf eelgrass 53 N

    B. Habitat Vulnerability

    The project area vegetation patterns correspond to the age and the geomorphic, hydrologic and

    soils patterns of the specific sites and the overall area. The well-drained alluvial and colluvial

    sediments and the steep bedrock slopes are mostly upland vegetation. The finer lakeshore and

    beaver pond edge sediments and flatter basin, hillslope and terrace areas have wetland vegetation

    of various types. Following are vegetation maps of the project area including one using the

    National Wetlands Inventory (Cowardin 1976) and the USFS - Tongass National Forest

    Vegetation Maps with some specific categories devised to better fit the Sweetheart Lake

    conditions.

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    Figure 1 - General vegetation map altered from USFS vegetation type GIS layers

    Figure 2 - NWI map for Gilbert Bay

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    The Sweetheart Lake area and to a lesser degree the Gilbert Bay area as a whole has a number of

    large and small-scale natural disturbance regimes that leave some of the habitats in the area

    vulnerable to invasive species should they be introduced into the area:

    The Sweetheart Valley is very steep sloped and there are approximately twenty large

    avalanche chutes and alluvial fans and many more small ones that scour and disturb the

    slopes of the valley and the lakeshore.

    The large creeks that enter the lake at the head both have large active floodplains and

    change channels often - disturbing the floodplain habitats.

    Beaver are common on the lake and on the creeks flowing into the lake. They dam the

    creeks, flooding areas; they cut neighboring trees and shrubs, both for food and for

    building material and to open up the areas around their ponds and work areas; and they

    abandon or are driven out of their ponds and dams changing the habitat once again

    Wind-throw and damage by deep snows.

    Spring snowmelt floods on the creeks and the lakeshore.

    Ice scour by tidal action on the Sweetheart Delta and Gilbert Bay beaches.

    Changes in disease and insect infestations due to global climate change

    Table of Survey Intensity Level in Sweetheart Watershed Habitats and Their Pre-Project Vulnerability and Risk

    Habitat

    Survey

    Level

    Pre-project Habitat

    Vulnerability and

    Vectors

    Risk

    Sweetheart Sweetheart Lake

    Beaver ponds and pond edges Level 6 -

    Systematic

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Natural disturbance

    regimes present including

    avalanches, beavers, flooding

    and dewatering

    Low

    Stream banks, bars and deltas Level 6 -

    Systematic

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Natural disturbance

    regime present.

    Low

    Yazoo channels- forested wetland Level 5 -

    Focused

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Natural disturbance

    regime present

    Low

    Avalanche and alluvial fan channels at lake

    level

    Level 4 -

    General

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Natural disturbance

    Low

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    Habitat

    Survey

    Level

    Pre-project Habitat

    Vulnerability and

    Vectors

    Risk

    regime present.

    Steep slope mixed evergreen forest Level 3 -

    General

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Stable

    Low

    Slope peatlands Level 5 -

    Focused

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Stable

    Low

    Floodplain/outwash Sitka alder/spiny wood

    fern thicket

    Level 3 -

    General

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Stable and distant

    from natural vectors

    Low

    Hillside bench forested wetland Level 3 -

    General

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Stable

    Low

    Sweetheart Creek Delta Area

    Intertidal Level 5 -

    Focused

    Roadless, some human

    disturbance from fisherman

    landing on delta and trails

    across intertidal to creek. Winds

    and currents the coast are

    natural vectors for light-seeded

    and salt tolerant invasives. Sow

    thistle is a potential threat in

    this habitat.

    Medium

    Uplifted beach meadow Level 5 -

    Focused

    Roadless, some human

    disturbance from fisherman

    landing on delta and trails

    across beach meadow to creek.

    Winds and currents the coast

    are natural vectors for light-

    seeded and salt tolerant

    invasives. Sow thistle is a

    potential threat in this habitat.

    Medium

    Uplift Sitka spruce and shrubby edges Level 5 -

    Focused

    Roadless, some human

    disturbance from fisherman

    landing on delta and trails

    across the delta to the creek.

    Medium

    Sweetheart Creek mouth banks Level 6-

    Systematic

    Roadless, intense human use by

    fisherman for a month a year.

    Medium

    Hillside W. hemlock/yellow-cedar/Sitka

    spruce forest

    Level 4 -

    General

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Heavy use by bears

    escaping human presence in

    fishing areas.

    Low

    Hillside/bench forested wetland Level 5 -

    Focused

    Roadless, no human

    disturbance. Heavy use by bears

    Low

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    Habitat

    Survey

    Level

    Pre-project Habitat

    Vulnerability and

    Vectors

    Risk

    escaping human presence in

    fishing areas.

    West Gilbert Bay - transmis