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Communicating Communicating in a World of in a World of

DiversityDiversity

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Communication Communication in a Diverse Worldin a Diverse World

The Concept ofDiversity

Intercultural Communication

Individual Characteristics Cultural Backgrounds

Personal Experiences Cultural Differences

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Opportunities in a Opportunities in a Global MarketplaceGlobal Marketplace

CustomersCustomersCustomersCustomers

Labor SourcesLabor SourcesLabor SourcesLabor Sources

Job PossibilitiesJob PossibilitiesJob PossibilitiesJob Possibilities

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Advantages of a Diverse Advantages of a Diverse WorkforceWorkforce

Connectingwith Customers

Connectingwith Customers

Expanding theTalent PoolExpanding theTalent Pool

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Challenges of Challenges of Intercultural Intercultural CommunicationCommunication

Values andBeliefs

NonverbalSignalsEmployee MotivationEmployee Motivation

Employee CommunicationEmployee Communication

Harmony and CooperationHarmony and CooperationPerceptionPatterns

LanguageUsage

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Enhancing Sensitivity Enhancing Sensitivity to Culture and to Culture and

DiversityDiversity

Other Business CulturesOther Business Cultures

Variations in a Diverse WorldVariations in a Diverse World

Ethnocentrism & StereotypingEthnocentrism & Stereotyping

The Concept of CultureThe Concept of Culture

The U.S. Business CultureThe U.S. Business Culture

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The Concept of The Concept of CultureCulture

Symbols Attitudes

Beliefs Expectations

Values Norms

Shared SystemShared System

BehaviorsBehaviors

RulesRules

PrioritiesPriorities

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Characteristics of Characteristics of CulturesCultures

Cultural AssumptionsCultural Assumptions

ThinkingThinking BehavingBehavingCommunicatingCommunicating

AutomaticAutomaticAutomaticAutomatic CoherentCoherentCoherentCoherent CompleteCompleteCompleteComplete

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Negative Cultural Negative Cultural AttitudesAttitudes

EthnocentrismEthnocentrismEthnocentrismEthnocentrism

XenophobiaXenophobiaXenophobiaXenophobia

StereotypingStereotypingStereotypingStereotyping

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What Is Cultural What Is Cultural Pluralism?Pluralism?

Accepting Multiple CulturesAccepting Multiple CulturesAccepting Multiple CulturesAccepting Multiple Cultures

AvoidingAvoidingAssumptionsAssumptions

AvoidingAvoidingAssumptionsAssumptions

AdmittingAdmittingDistinctionsDistinctions

AdmittingAdmittingDistinctionsDistinctions

AvoidingAvoidingJudgmentsJudgments

AvoidingAvoidingJudgmentsJudgments

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Recognizing Variations Recognizing Variations in a Diverse Worldin a Diverse World

ContextualContextual Legal andEthical

Legal andEthical SocialSocial Nonverbal

Signals

NonverbalSignals

GenderGender AgeAge ReligionReligion AbilityAbility

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Cultural ContextCultural Context

Decision-Making PracticesDecision-Making PracticesDecision-Making PracticesDecision-Making Practices

Problem-Solving TechniquesProblem-Solving TechniquesProblem-Solving TechniquesProblem-Solving Techniques

Negotiating StylesNegotiating StylesNegotiating StylesNegotiating Styles

LowContext

LowContext

HighContext

HighContext

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Legal and Ethical Legal and Ethical BehaviorBehavior

Seek Mutual GroundSeek Mutual Ground

Withhold JudgmentWithhold Judgment

Respect DifferencesRespect Differences

Send Honest MessagesSend Honest Messages

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Work andSuccess

Roles andStatus

Use ofManners

Conceptsof Time

FutureOrientation

Openness andInclusiveness

Social Behavior Social Behavior DifferencesDifferences

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Nonverbal Differences Nonverbal Differences

FormalityFormalityFormalityFormalityPosturePosturePosturePostureEye ContactEye ContactEye ContactEye ContactFacialFacialExpressionsExpressions

FacialFacialExpressionsExpressions

TouchingTouchingTouchingTouchingPersonalPersonalSpaceSpace

PersonalPersonalSpaceSpaceGreetingsGreetingsGreetingsGreetings

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Differences in AgeDifferences in Age

Youth-Oriented

Senior-Oriented

Multi-Generational

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Gender DifferencesGender Differences

Existing WorkplaceCultures

Styles of Communication

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Religious Religious DifferencesDifferences

Personal BeliefsPersonal Beliefs Workplace IssuesWorkplace Issues

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Ability DifferencesAbility Differences

Assistive Technologies

CustomersCustomers

ColleaguesColleagues

EmployeesEmployees

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Personal BiasesPersonal Biases

Patience and aSense of Humor

Patience and aSense of Humor

Tolerance, Flexibility,and Respect

Tolerance, Flexibility,and Respect

The “Golden Rule”The “Golden Rule”

Adapt to Other Adapt to Other CulturesCultures

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Improving Intercultural Improving Intercultural CommunicationCommunication

• Studying cultures and languages

• Respecting communication styles

• Speaking and writing clearly

• Listening carefully to others

• Using interpreters or translators

• Helping others adapt to your culture

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 3 - 22

Studying Other Studying Other CulturesCultures

Social CustomsSocial Customs

Clothing and FoodClothing and Food

Political PatternsPolitical Patterns

Religion andReligion andSocial BeliefsSocial Beliefs

Business andBusiness andEconomicsEconomics

Ethics, Values,Ethics, Values,and Lawsand Laws

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Learning LanguagesLearning Languages

FacilitateFacilitateCommunicationCommunication

Promote BusinessPromote BusinessRelationshipsRelationships

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Respecting Respecting Communication Communication PreferencesPreferences

Degree of Formality

Level of Directness

Writing or Speaking

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Writing ClearlyWriting Clearly

Clear Language

Transitional Elements

Numbers and Dates

Humor and Culture

Conciseness

International Addresses

Slang, Jargon, or Idioms

Audience Expectations

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 3 - 26

Speaking and Speaking and ListeningListening

Intercultural Conversations

Speaking with Others

Listening to Others

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Communicating Communicating in a World of in a World of

DiversityDiversity