BR: Only if you missed yesterday’s class How much time did you spend studying for today’s quiz?...
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Floods
BR: Only if you missed yesterday’s class How much time did you spend studying for today’s quiz? What material did you study? BR: If you were here yesterday
BR: Only if you missed yesterdays class How much time did you
spend studying for todays quiz? What material did you study? BR: If
you were here yesterday Predict the score of the Jets-Patriots game
tonight.
Slide 3
Objectives Take Lightning Quiz Start flood video
Slide 4
NOVA Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvJlENenpJA 1. How
are floods different than other types of natural disasters? 2. How
did the flood begin? Be detailed. 3. Why does a river need to
periodically occupy its floodplain? 4. What is the best way to
prevent a city from flooding?
Slide 5
23 min 1. Why is it sometimes a good idea to break open a levy?
2. How long did Valmeyer stay underwater? 3. Where did Valmeyer
move to? Why? 4. How can you flood proof your house? 5. What are
humans doing that make floods worse? 6. Why is the government
buying back flood plains?
Slide 6
Bellringer What causes lightning?
Slide 7
Objectives Complete lightning quiz Finish answering all the
questions about the flood video
Slide 8
Bellringer What do you think is the most dangerous part of a
flood?
Slide 9
Objectives Review lightning quiz Understand how floods form in
different areas, and how people have changed flood rates.
Differentiate between flash floods and general floods
Slide 10
Flood Video Quiz 1. Why is it sometimes a good idea to break
open a levy? 2. How long did Valmeyer stay underwater? 3. Where did
Valmeyer move to? Why? 4. How can you flood proof your house? 5.
What are humans doing that make floods worse? 6. Why is the
government buying back flood plains?
Slide 11
Lightning Quiz Class average was a...
Slide 12
Bellringer What is a watershed?
Slide 13
Objectives Know what creates the intensity of a flood, and what
determines the length of a flood. Complete the computer flood
activity with a partner.
Slide 14
Floods Where does all the water come from? Watershed: An area
of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice
converges to a single point at a lower elevation.
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Slide 18
Flooding What factors do you think effect the intensity of a
flood? What factors do you think effect the duration of a
flood?
Slide 19
Flood Intensity The intensity of a flood is determined by the
amount of rainfall and the amount of time that it rains. The worst
floods happen when there is heavy rainfall over a long period of
time. Flash flooding happens when there is very heavy rainfall for
a short period of time.
Slide 20
Duration of a Flood The duration of a flood is determined by
the amount of rainfall, the amount of time it rains, and the areas
ability to get rid of the water. Flashfloods show up quickly, but
also move on quickly. Heavy rainfall for weeks, or months produce
the worst duration of flooding.
Slide 21
Duration of a Flood If the ground soil can absorb the water
from the flood quickly, it will decrease the time the area is
flooded. Some areas have rivers or lower level land which can help
divert or move out the excess flood water.
Slide 22
Checkpoint 1. What is a watershed? 2. What determines the
intensity of a flood? 3. If ground soil can absorb water very
quickly, it will _____________ the time an area is flooded?
Slide 23
Bellringer What determines a floods intensity?
Slide 24
Objective Complete computer activity
Slide 25
Computer Activity Working in pairs, go to my page on the
Windsor school website Windsor-csd.org Go to my page, and click the
Forces of Nature link Download the PowerPoint called Flooding
Computer Activity Open and follow the directions in the PowerPoint.
Record your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Hand in one copy
for your group when youre done.
Slide 26
Engineering Around a Flood
http://ees.as.uky.edu/sites/default/files/elearning/mo
dule12swf.swf
http://ees.as.uky.edu/sites/default/files/elearning/mo
dule12swf.swf Test out how a flood will effect the three different
types of regions. Then change the type of flood control to use in
the area. You will record your results.
Slide 27
Flood Data NoneDamLeveesFloodways Forest Agriculture Urban
Slide 28
Flood Questions 1. What do you think is the best way to prepare
a city for a flood? Why? 2. What do you think is the best way to
prepare a farm for a flood? Why? 3. What effect will construction
cost have on which design you would pick?
Slide 29
Bellringer: Changing the Landscape How do you think
deforestation (cutting down natural landscapes), and urbanization
(building cities) has impacted flooding?
Slide 30
Objectives Know the effects deforestation and urbanization have
had on flooding. Know the difference between flash floods and
general floods.
Slide 31
Deforestation Deforestation causes faster runoff of water from
the watershed and into the river. Leaves on the ground allow water
on them to evaporate instead of flowing away. Leaves reduce
raindrop impact, and gentler rain causes less erosion. Tree roots
absorb water from the soil. Tree roots hold soil in place, and
reduce erosion.
Slide 32
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Slide 35
Urbanization Pavement is even less absorbent than naked soil,
so it causes even quicker runoff. Sewer systems also help expedite
the water from a city. These variables also cause flash floods in
rivers and towns downstream from the city to become more frequent,
and more severe.
Slide 36
Slide 37
Flash Flood vs. General Flood Both flash floods and floods can
be extremely dangerous. Flash floods generally happen quickly after
very heavy rainfall, and they can be hard to forecast and predict.
Flash flood waters move at very fast speeds, and can roll boulders,
tear out trees, destroy buildings, and obliterate bridges.
Slide 38
Flash Floods Flash flood water walls can reach 10 to 20 feet.
Results in localized flooding typically occurs in hilly or
mountainous terrain, but also occurs in urban areas. Fatalities are
more common than with general floods. The best response to a flash
flood is to move immediately and quickly to higher ground.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5hvZRM58ps
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3akkSEGFhI
Slide 39
General Floods General floods involve the whole watershed, and
take at least several days to build up. General floods can even
build over months. Water level rises slowly, but consistently. The
best response is to seek higher ground, but usually these floods
wont sneak up on you.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJx6F_fLius
Slide 40
General Floods Stream gauges monitor water levels so they are
fairly predictable
Slide 41
General Floods Can result in wide-spread flooding. Flood-plain
areas are prone to flooding. A flood is said to be occurring when a
stream or river rises above its channel. The level of flooding is
reported as feet above flood stage. Fatalities are few in the US
from general flooding; however, the economic cost is high
Slide 42
The 2011 Flood http://www.erh.noaa.gov/bgm/WeatherEvents/Flood/
september072011/ http://www.erh.noaa.gov/bgm/WeatherEvents/Flood/
september072011/ Was this a flash flood or a general river flood?
How did it compare to the 1993 Mississippi River flood? Photo
album
Slide 43
Checkpoint 1. How have deforestation and urbanization increased
the rates, and dangers of floods? 2. What are three differences
between flash floods and general floods? 3. Which is worse 12 hours
of extremely heavy rain, 3 months of consistent rain storms, or a
dam failure? Why?
Slide 44
Bellringer What is the best way to avoid dying during a flash
flood?
Slide 45
Objectives Learn the dangers of floods. Begin working on your
flood project.
Slide 46
Dangers of Floods The force of six inches of swiftly moving
water can knock people off their feet. The best protection during a
flood is to leave the area and go to shelter on higher ground. Cars
can easily be swept away in just 2 ft of moving water. If flood
waters rise around a car, it should be abandoned.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXPNWFBd3h8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fn_JdVpXrNA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xO_q-Ip7BTE
Slide 47
Dangers of Floods Floods are the most common and widespread of
all natural disasters except fire. Most communities in the US can
experience some kind of flooding. Like many other natural disasters
people are often injured because of their neglect for the severity
of the event.
Slide 48
Checkpoint 1. What should you do if you are driving and you
need to cross a flooded road to get home? 2. Why are most people
injured during floods?
Slide 49
Dam Failures Dam failures are potentially the worst flood
events. A dam failure is usually the result of neglect, poor
design, or structural damage cause by a major event such as an
earthquake. When a dam fails, a gigantic quantity of water is
suddenly let loose downstream, destroying anything in its path.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWEWVw7TGk4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfW5MqT7CSA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0udToKp6COY
Slide 50
Levees https://www.floodsmart.gov/floodsmart/pages/floodi
ng_flood_risks/levee_simulator.jsp
https://www.floodsmart.gov/floodsmart/pages/floodi
ng_flood_risks/levee_simulator.jsp Which type of levee failure is
the worst? 1. Overtopping 2. Breaching 3. Seepage
Slide 51
Killed by Floods The count of flood deaths is highest in South
America, Southern Asia and Eastern Asia. Central Africa, Japan and
Western Europe each account for less than 0.6% of flood deaths.
Approximately 10,000 people in the US have died from flooding since
1900.
Slide 52
Killed by Floods
Slide 53
Checkpoint 1. What is the main cause of dam failures? 2. What
are the three ways a levee could fail? 3. In which areas of the
world are floods the most deadly?
Slide 54
Worst Flood Ever An estimated 3.7 million people died in
central China in 1931 from one ongoing flood. Heavy snowfall in the
winter started to thaw in the spring. The spring had very heavy
continual rain that only grew heavier as spring became summer (more
than 2ft of rain per month). The flood was at its peak from July to
late August.
Slide 55
Worst US Flood Ever 51 st worst flood in the world. 2,209
people died. Occurred in Johnstown Pennsylvania in 1889. It was
triggered by a failing dam, not months of continual heavy rainfall.
First major disaster relief effort handled by the American Red
Cross.
Slide 56
Water Level Are you safe? (277m) http://www.floodmap.net/
Slide 57
Bellringer What is the main cause of dam failures?
Slide 58
Objective Pick partner and location to analyze Complete at
least one full slide of your PowerPoint, start working on at least
one other.
Slide 59
Flood Project Work in pairs Each pair researches a different
house/property The word file is found on my website
http://www.windsor-csd.org/forcesofnature.aspx