Brain Attack Definition an Did of Stroke Present a It On

7/27/2019 Brain Attack Definition an Did of Stroke Present a It On

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/brain-attack-definition-an-did-of-stroke-present-a-it-on 1/36

Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch

The skyis blue inBoston

Ask for a sentence

BRAIN ATTACK - STROKE

By: Karen Peper RN MSN CFNP©Providence Hospital 9/07



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Objectives

Define Stroke

List types of Strokes

List risk factors for Stroke

Identify the signs and symptoms of Stroke



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Stroke Statistics

Stroke is the No. 3 cause of death in theU.S.

(#1 – Heart Disease, #2 – Cancer)

Stroke kills more than 160,000 American each year

On average, every 53 seconds, someonein the US experiences a stroke.



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Stroke Statistics

Every 3.1 minutes someone dies of astroke

Stroke risk increases with age. For eachdecade after age 55, the risk of stroke

doubles.

72% of all strokes occur in people over

the age of 65



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

What is a Stroke?

Brain tissue is damaged from a suddenloss of blood flow, resulting in a loss of

neurological functionCauses:

– Blockage (blood clot) occurring inside a

blood vessel– Blood vessel leaks blood due to rupture



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Types of Strokes

Ischemic Stroke(85%)

Hemorrhagic Stroke(15%)



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Ischemic Stroke

Types of Ischemic Stroke

– Embolic Stroke• Blood clot travels to the brain

– Thrombotic Stroke

• Blood flow is blocked to thebrain



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Bleeding occurs from vesselswithin the brain. High bloodpressure or a rupture of ablood vessel or an aneurysmmay be the cause.



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)

A stroke-like event lasting minutes, or hours, that occurs when the brain is deprived of oxygen-rich blood temporarily, but in which

the effects wear off completely after the blood-flow returns

TIA’s do not result in permanent brain damage

TIA is serious and too often ignored



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

PLEASE… Pay Attention to these symptoms

TIA’s should not be ignored – More that 1/3 of people will go on to have

an actual stroke– 5% of strokes will occur within 1 month of the TIA or first stroke

– 12% will occur within 1 year– 20% will occur within 2 years– 25% will occur within 3 years



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Stroke affects people of

• All Ages

• All Ethnic Groups

• All Backgrounds

Most strokes are preventable, take steps NOW to reduce having a stroke!

Stroke does not Discriminate



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Signs & Symptoms of Stroke

Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm,or leg, especially on one side of the body

Sudden confusion, trouble speaking orunderstanding

Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes

Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balanceor coordination

Sudden, severe headache with no known cause



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Strokes occur

in the brain and

affect the

opposite side

of the body



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Everyone…

Please stand up

If you answer yes to any of the followingquestions, please sit down

Thank you



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Risk Factors for Stroke

Blood Pressure over 120/80?Smoker – exposed to tobacco?

Overweight?Diabetes?High Cholesterol?

Heart Disease?



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Risk Factors for Stroke

Family History of Stroke?Physical activity…less than a total of 30

minutes on most days?Man over age of 45, OR a woman over 55

years of age?



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Are you sitting down?

Yes, you are at risk for a stroke, but itdoesn’t mean you will have one

There are risk factors that can becontrolled and risk factors that cannot be

controlled



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Risk Factors

Risk factors you can control:– DIET - How we eat, do we follow our diet?

– EXERCISE - Do we exercise or get somephysical activity?– MEDICATIONS - Taking medications

correctly– SMOKING - Stop smoking



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Strokes can affect different parts of the brain,

this results in patients experiencing different

symptoms



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Strokes are an EMERGENCY

If you are having a Stroke come to thehospital right away – CALL 9-1-1



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Once You are at the Hospital

Diagnostic Testing

– CT or MRI of the brain

– EKG

– Carotid Ultrasound

– Echocardiogram



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

EKG – may show atrial fibrillation



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Carotid Ultrasound – will show if there is

stenosis (narrowing of the blood vessel)



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Echocardiogram – detects if any thrombus

(blood clot) within the heart chambers



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Chest X-ray



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Blood work - Labs

Any labs may be ordered, LipidProfile (checking your

cholesterol level) is done on allpatients.



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Recognize the Symptoms of a Stroke

3 Simple Questions

– Ask the person to

smile

– Ask the person toraise both arms

– Ask the person to saya simple sentence“The sky is blue inBoston”

The sky

is blue

in

Boston



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

ACT IN TIME

Stroke is a medical emergency. Every

minute counts when someone is

having a stroke. The longer blood flowis cut off to the brain, the greater the

damage. Immediate treatment can

save people's lives and enhance their

chances for successful recovery



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

tPA (Tissue Plasminogen Activator)

–is a clot-busting drug

– Ischemic strokes, the mostcommon type of strokes, can

be treated with a drug called t-PA, that dissolves blood clotsobstructing blood flow to thebrain.



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

TIME IS BRAIN

Time is very important in order to receive this medication

Window of opportunity to start treatingstroke patients is three hours, but to beevaluated and receive treatment, patients

need to get to the hospital within 60minutes.



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Medications

Aspirin

AggrenoxPlavixBlood pressure medication

if appropriateCholesterol lowering

medicines if needed



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Hospital Treatment for Stroke

Medical Management– Dietary– Physical & Occupational Therapy– Speech Therapy if indicated– Nursing



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Hospital Treatment for Stroke

Rehabilitation– Physical Medicine Consult

– Determine what type of therapy best for patient• Rehab Unit• Subacute Rehab

• Extended Care Facility• Home Care with PT/OT



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Discharge Planning

Starts upon admission to the hospital– Consult social worker or care coordinator to

help identify discharge needs

– Provide patient/family with Strokeeducation

– Stroke Support Group meetings



Ask for a smile

Ask for a stretch


Ask for a sentence

Can you SPOT a Stroke?

This is the end of the program

– Do you have any questions??

THANK YOU….

Documents

Brain Attack Definition an Did of Stroke Present a It On