BRAIN DEVICE MOVES OBJECTS BY THOUGHT

Shashwat Shriparvdwivedishashwat@gmail.com

InfinitySoft

Brain Device (brain-machine interface) is a new technology which can let human to control electronic devices without lifting a finger.

It simply reads brain activity.

Brain Device Moves Objects by Thought

How it is possible to read Brain Thought

The brain-machine interface analyzes slight changes in the brain's blood flow and translates brain motion into electric signals.

By measuring blood flow in the brain, researchers can turn thoughts into actions

Types of Brain-machine interface

• There are two types of brain-machine interface

• Non-invasive• Invasive

This brain-machine interface works on technology called optical topography, which sends a small amount of infrared light through the brain's surface to map out changes in blood flow.

A key advantage to this technology is that sensors don't have to physically enter the brain.

A cap connects by optical fibers to a mapping device, which links working device via a control computer

Non-invasive Brain-machine interface

Hitachi has sold a device based on optical topography that monitors brain activity in paralyzed patients so they can answer simple questions.

for example, by doing mental calculations to indicate "yes" or thinking of nothing in particular to indicate "no."

Size is one issue, though Hitachi has developed a prototype compact headband and mapping machine that together weight only about two pounds.

Another would be to tweak the interface to more accurately pick up on the correct signals while ignoring background brain activity.

Challenges :

With over 100 tiny metal electrodes, the berlin brain computer interface is the most advanced non-invasive system in the world

INVASIVE BRAIN-MACHINE INTERFACE

This technologies was developed by U.S. companies like Neural Signals Inc. required implanting a chip under the skull.

A paralysed man in the US has become the first person to benefit from a brain chip that reads his mind.

Matthew Nagle, 25, was left paralysed from the neck down and confined to a wheelchair after a knife attack in 2001.

The brain chip reads his mind and sends the thoughts to a computer to decipher

Recently four people, two of them partly paralysed wheelchair users, were able to move a computer cursor while wearing a cap with 64 electrodes that pick up brain waves.

Mr. Nagle's device, called Brain Gate, consists of nearly 100 hair-thin electrodes implanted a millimetre deep into part of the motor cortex of his brain that controls movement .

A team of scientists inserted the device, called a neuromotor prosthesis (NMP or Brain Gate), into an area of the brain known as the motor cortex which is responsible for voluntary movement.

The NMP comprises an internal sensor that detects brain cell activity, and external processors that convert the activity into signals that can be recognised by a computer.

A company called Cyberkinetics Neurotechnology Systems created the BrainGate device.  Professors and students at Brown University formed Cyberkinetics in two thousand one.  They based their work on research developed in the laboratory of neuroscientist John Donoghue

SEE HOW THE SYSTEM WORKS Although the patient's spinal cord had

been severed for three years by the time of the trial, the scientists found that brain cell activity - or neural firing patterns - persisted in the patient's motor cortex.

The electrodes in the NMP were able to record this activity and send it to a computer. The computer then translated the firing patterns into movement commands which could drive computer controls or artificial limbs.

BrainGate is made up of a sensor, which is implanted in the brain and attached to neurons. The upper left image shows the device that attaches to the implant on the outside of the brain. The white box is about the size of a VHS tape and contains software that digitizes the signals coming from the neurons. The image labeled "cart" depicts the computer system that interprets the digital code.

IN THE FUTURISTIC VISION OF THE WACHOWSKI BROTHERS' MOVIE TRILOGY "THE MATRIX," HUMANS DIVE INTO A VIRTUAL WORLD BY CONNECTING THEIR BRAINS DIRECTLY TO A COMPUTER……

REAL STORY 1: MONKEY THINK, ROBOT DO

>> MONKEY CONTROL ROBOT ARM BY MIND

FROM EEG FEATURE TO 1D/BINARY CONTROL

Translation / ClassificationBrain SignalControl device

NEURON SPIKE BASED BMI (BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE)

• Brain to Action• Sensation

Brain

• high speed real time control • precise control of movement

• invasive• high risk for clinical

application

BCI IS BECOMING A BIG WAVE

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Area of implementation:-

• Medical science

• Robotics

FUTURE IMPLEMENTATION :-

Researches are going on for brain-to-brain communication

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Thank you

Shashwat Shriparvdwivedishashwat@gmail.com

InfinitySoft