Country Fact Sheet

Government at a GlanceLatin America and the Caribbean 2017

A sharp contraction in economic activity and high expenditures are putting pressure on public finances

Social spending is the highest in Brazil among LAC countries, amounting to 31.3% of general government expenditures in 2014. However, it is still below the OECD average (40.5%). In the same year, Brazil raised the most tax revenues as a percentage of GDP (33.4%) in the LAC region, reaching a similar figure to the OECD average (34.4%). Brazil also reported the second-highest general government deficit among LAC countries in 2014 (6.0% of GDP), exceeding the averages of both LAC (4.5% of GDP) and OECD countries (3.7% of GDP). The deterioration of public finances is due to a sharp slowdown in economic activity and rising expenditure.

Chapter 2: Public finance and economics

2.1. General government fiscal balance as a percentage of GDP, 2007, 2009, 2014 and 20152.3. General government projected structural balance as a percentage of potential GDP, 2016, 2017 and 20182.4. General government gross debt as a percentage of GDP, 2007, 2009, 2014 and 20152.9. Tax revenues as a share of GDP, 2007, 2009, 20142.19. Structure of general government expenditures by economic transaction, 2014 and change 2007 to 2014

Women make up the majority of public sector workers in Brazil, as in the OECD

In 2014 almost 60% (59.2%) of public employees in Brazil were women, the highest share among LAC countries. This is in line with the OECD average (59.0%). Health and education services are, for the most part, publicly provided. As women tend to be over-represented in public service occupations, such as in teaching and nursing, this contributes to their high representation in public employment in Brazil.

Chapter 3: Public employment

3.3. Share of public sector employment filled by women and men, 2009 and 2014

Brazil fares well among LAC countries in engaging stakeholders in designingand implementing regulations

Brazil has the second-highest score (2.2/4) among LAC countries on the stakeholder engagement composite indicator, slightly above the OECD average (2.1/4). Formal requirements to conduct consultation with the public are spelled out in the Federal Administrative Procedures Law and in the respective laws and regula-tions that establish and govern regulatory agencies. While regulatory agencies usually conduct public con-sultation over the internet, and in some cases public hearings, practices vary among the ministries. However, proposals of major importance usually undergo public consultation.

Chapter 7: Regulatory Policy and Governance

7.4. Composite indicator: Stakeholder engagement in developing subordinate regulations, 2015

Brazil

Government revenues(2014)

Government expenditures(2014)

Government gross debt(2014)

% of GDP % of GDP % of GDP

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook database Source: IMF Government Finance Statistics database

G@G /dataG@G /data

-6.0%

Brazil

-4.5%-8%

0%

-2%

-6%

-4%

Fiscal balance(2014)

% of GDP

Government investment(2014)

% of GDP

How to read the figures:

Brazil

Country value in green (not represented if not available) Average of OECD country

values in blueRange of LAC country

values in grey

Public Finance & Economics Public Employment & Compensation

Public Finance and Economics

GOVERNMENT INPUTS: FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook database

Values have been rounded. n.a. refers to

data not availableAverage of LAC country values in purple

Breakdown of tax revenues(2014)

% of total taxation

Brazil

41.7%

20.7%

26.2%

Goods and services

Income and pro�ts

Social security49.5%

27.9%

16.4%

Other

Source: OECD Revenue Statistics in Latin America (database)

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook database

33.1%

10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

39.1%

Brazil

2.6%2.4%

Brazil

1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6%

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook database

63.3% 100%

0%

100%

0%

Brazil

50.4%

60% 90% 120% 150%30%0%

50.3%

50%

40%

60%

59.3%Brazil

Public Employment and Compensation

G@G /data

Public sector employment filled by women

(2014)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

Public sector employmentas % of total employment

(2014)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

12.0% 5%

0%

25%

10%

15%

20%11.9%Brazil

10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

28.6%33.1%

Brazil

GOVERNMENT PROCESSES

Government Institutions Public Procurement Digital Government

Digital Government

iREG: Composite indicatoron stakeholder engagement (2015)

Source: OECD Indicators of Regulatory Policy and Governance for Latin America

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

2.18

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

1.61

Brazil

Methodology

Systematicadoption

Transparency

Oversight,qualitycontrol

0

20

40

60

80

100

93

0

20

40

60

80

100

45

Brazil

Civil service merit index(2012-2015)

Source: Inter-American Development Bank, 2014

7.7%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

8.2%

Brazil

Source: IMF Government Finance Statistics database. * See Notes

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

0.54

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

0.44

Brazil

Dataavailability

Dataaccessibility

Governmentsupportto re-use

Main nationalcitizens portal for

government services

Legally recogniseddigital identi�cation

(e.g. digital signature)mechanism

61%

Yes

56%

No

Brazil

Existence of a main national citizens portal forgovernment services and a legally recognised

digital identification mechanism (2015)

Source: OECD Survey on digital government performance

Health Financing Systems and Budget

The max. score for each category is 1, andthe max. aggregate score for the composite is 4

Composite index from 0 (lowest) to 100 (highest)

High Moderate Low

33%47%20%

n.a.Brazil

Level of influence of theCentre of Government

over line ministries(2015)

Government Institutions

Source: OECD 2015 Survey on Centre of Government

Development of strategic public procurement by objective(2015)

Public ProcurementGovernment procurement

(2014) *% of GDP

Source: 2015 OECD Survey on Public Procurement

OURdata Index:Open, Useful, Reusable Government Data (2016)

Composite index from 0 (lowest) to 1 (highest)

Source: 2016 OECD Survey on Open Government Data

Greenpublic procurement

A strategy / policy has been developed by some procuring entities

A strategy / policy has been developed at a central level

MSMEs Procure innovativegoods and services

6 12 0

A strategy / policy has been rescinded

A strategy / policy has never been developed

6 4 19 0 1 2 12 0 8

Support to Women ownedenterprises

1 3 0 16

Brazil

GOVERNMENT PROCESSES

Notes

OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES

Brazil

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6Higher

inequality

Lowerinequality

Before After

0.600.54

taxes and transfers

Before After

0.52 0.50

taxes and transfers

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Before After

0.47

0.29taxes and transfers

Higherinequality

Lowerinequality 0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Gini coefficient: Differences in income inequality pre and post-tax and government transfers (2012)

For more information on the data (including full methodology and figure notes) and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: http://www.oecd.org/gov/government-at-a-glance-lac.htm

* Costs of goods and services financed by general government are not included in government procurement because they are not accounted separately in the IMF Government Finance Statistics (database).

Indicator from 0 (low income concentration) to 100 (high income concentration)

Health Financing Systems And Budget FormulationHealth care financing schemes and percentage of population covered (2015)

Source: 2015 OECD Survey of Budget Officials on Budgeting Practices for Health in LAC countries

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

63%39%

6%2%2%4%

100%

27%

Socialhealth insurance

Voluntaryprivate insurance

Government�nancing scheme

Brazil

Compulsoryprivate insurance

Not coveredby any explicitarrangement

Other

0%

0%0%

0%

Source: OECD Income Distribution Database

Government at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean 2017 is the second edition of a joint publication between the Organization for Economic

Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). It provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators to

inform policy making and benchmark specific interventions. The model is the OECD Government at a Glance, which is a fundamental reference,

backed by a well-established methodology for OECD member countries. Compared to the previous edition that had a special focus on Public

Financial Management and alongside with indicators on public finances and public employment this second version covers a wider range of public

management areas including the role and influence of the Centre of Government, Open Government and Open Data policies, Digital Government,

Regulatory Governance and practices for Budgeting in health systems.

Government at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean 2017

The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and figures in Government at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean 2017 are available via the Stat-Links provided throughout the publication:http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264265554-en