brd;id IV!; mfhlkp€¦ · 5/3/2019 · CHENNAI IAS ACADEMY – 9043 211 311/411 2 elg;g[ epfH;t[fs; - Bk 2018 CONTENT tupir vz; bghUslf;fk; g.vz; 1. ;jkpHfk; 03 –11 2. Bjrpak;

CHENNAI IAS ACADEMY – 9043 211 311/411

1

TNPSC Bghl;o Bjh;t[f;fhd

elg;g[ epfH;t[fs; - Bk 2018

brd;id IV!; mfhlkp

BtY]h; kw;Wk; jpUtz;zhkiy

jkpH; bjhFg;g[

www.chennaiiasacademy.com

chennaiiasacademy

Contact : 9043 211 311 / 411

http://www.chennaiiasacademy.com/


2

elg;g[ epfH;t[fs; - Bk 2018

CONTENT

tupir

vz;

bghUslf;fk; g.vz;

1. ;jkpHfk; 03 – 11

2. Bjrpak; 11 – 27

3. ru;tBjrk; 27 – 34

4. khehLfs; 34 – 36

5. tpUJfs; 37 – 39

6. epakdk; 39 – 43

7. tpisahl;L 43 – 49

8. Kf;fpa jpdA;fs; 49 – 52

9. bghUshjhuk; 52 – 53

10. mwptpay; & bjhHpy;El;gk; 54 – 55


3

jkpHfk;

kp!; Tthfk; 2018 – mHfpg;gl;lk;

tpGg;g[uj;jpy; eilbgw;w jpUeA;iffSf;fhd mHfpg;Bghl;oapy; “kp!; Tthfkhf”

brd;idia Brh;e;j bkhgpdh Bjh;t[bra;ag;gl;lhh;. ne;j Mz;L 18 Kjy; 35

tajpw;F cl;gl;l 40 jpUeA;iffs; „kp!; Tthfk;‟ gl;lj;jpw;F Bghl;oapl;ldh;.

„fhe;jp gRik g[tp‟ vd;w tpUij Vw;gLj;j jkpHf Kjy;th; ghpe;Jiu:-

fhe;jpapd; epiyahd tsh;r;rp Fwpj;j bfhs;iffis Kd;bdLg;BghUf;f Behgy; ghpT

Bghy fhe;jp gRik g[tp tpUij Vw;gLj;j Btz;Lbkd jpy;ypapy; eilbgw;w kfhj;kh

fhe;jpapd; 150tJ gpwe;jehs; bfhz;lhl mByhrid Tl;lj;jpy; jkpHf Kjy;th;

ghpe;Jiu bra;Js;shh;.

brd;idapy; g[jpa tpkhd epiyak;:-

brd;id, yf;Bdh, ftpfhj;jpapy; U}.1000 Bfho kjpg;gpy; tpkhd Kidak; mikf;f

kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy; tHA;fpa[s;sJ.

jkpH;ehl;oy; jLg;gizfs; fl;l U}.1000 Bfho epjp xJf;fPL

jkpH;ehl;oy; kiH fhyA;fspy; bga;a[k; jz;zPh; tPzhf flypy; fyg;gij jLf;f

bghpa MWfis Bjh;t[ bra;J jLg;gizfs; fl;l U}.1000 Bfho epjp xJf;fg;gl;L

mjpy; Kjy; fl;lkhf U}.359 Bfho brytpl jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

kJiuapy; mika[k; “jkpH; fiy, gz;ghl;L mUA;fhl;rpak;”

jkpH;ehl;oy; Kjy; Kiwahf kJiu cyfj;jkpH; rA;f tshfj;jpy; jkpHh;fspd; fiy,

gz;ghl;L tuyhw;iw tpsf;Fk; tifapy; U}.50Bfho brytpy; mUA;fhl;rpafk;

mikf;fg;gl cs;sJ.

jkpH;ehL ePh;ts Bkk;ghl;L FG:-

jkpH;ehL bghJg;gzpj; Jiwapd; fPH; naA;Ftjw;fhf jkpH;ehL ePh;ts Bkk;ghl;Lf; FG

g[jpjhf cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. njd; jiytuhf v!;.v!;.uh$Bfhghy;,

Jizjiyth;, 2 cWg;gpdh;fs; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;.


4

fhtphp bray; jpl;l tiut[ mwpf;if – jhf;fy;:-

ne;j mwpf;ifia kj;jpa ePh;tsj;Jiw brayhsh; a[.gp.rpA; cr;r ePjpkd;wj;jpy;

jhf;fy; bra;jhh;.

cWg;gpdh;fs;:- fBthp mikg;g[f;F K}j;j bghwpahsh; my;yJ K}j;j IVv!; mjpfhhp

me;j!;jpy; xU jiytUk;, 2 KGBeu cWg;gpdh;fs; 2 gFjp Beu cWg;gpdh;fs; 4

BgUk; fh;ehlfh, jkpH;ehL, Bfush, g[Jr;Brhpapy; nUe;J jyh xUth; nlk;bgWth;.

kj;jpa muR jug;gpy; xU brayhsUk; nlk; bgWthh;.

jiyikaplk; - bgA;fSU}:- khepy muRfs;, fhtphp ejp ePh; gA;fPl;L mikg;gpd;

tHpfhl;Ljypd;goBa bray;gl Btz;Lk;.

fhtphpapd; FWf;Bf mike;Js;s fpU&;zuh$ rhfh;, fgpdp, B#khtjp, mkuhtjp

Mfpait fh;ehlfh fl;Lg;ghl;oYk;, Bkl;L}h;, Byhah; gthdp, mkuhtjp Mfpait

jkpH;ehL fl;Lghl;oYk;, gdRurhfh; Bfushtpd; fl;Lghl;oYk; nUf;Fk;.

ePh; gA;fPl;oy; rpf;fByh, gw;whf;Fiw my;yJ jhkjk; Vw;gl;lhy; kj;jpa murpd; Kot[

nWjpahdjhf nUf;Fk;.

vGj;jhsh; ghyFkhud; naw;if va;jpdhh;:-

jkpH; vGj;jhsh; ghyFkhud; khuilg;g[ fhuzkhf naw;if va;jpdhh;. nth; jq;ir

ghkhh;Behpapy;, 1946, $Piy 5-e; Bjjp gpwe;jth;. „vGj;J rpj;jh;‟ vd;W

miHf;fg;gl;l ghyFkhud;, fiykhkzp tpUJ, nyf;fpa rpe;jid tpUJ, 2018

$dthp 16 md;W jkpHj;bjd;wy; jpU.tp.f tpUJ tHA;fg;gl;lJ.

Bfhak;g[j;J]hpy; Bghyp!; mUA;fhl;rpafk; - jpwg;g[:-

Bfhak;g[j;J]hpy; Bghyp!; mUA;fhl;rpafj;ij Kjyikr;rh; vlg;gho gHdprhkp Bk 17

md;W jpwe;J itj;jhh;.

ne;j Bghyp!; mUA;fhl;rpafk; jkpH;ehL Bghyp!; Jiwapd; rpwg;g[ mk;rA;fis

vLj;Jf;TWk; tifapy; jkpHfj;jpByBa Kjy;Kiwahf mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

BghyP!; mUA;fhl;rpak; Bfus khepyk; bfhy;yk;, Bkw;F tA;fhs khepyk; bfhy;fj;jh,

mhpahd Mfpa nlA;fspy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Bfhit uapy; epiyak; vjphpy;

vg;.V. B#kpy;ld; vd;w MA;fpBya BghyP!; mjpfhhahy; 1918-k; Mz;L

fl;lg;gl;l BghyP!; fpsg; fl;olj;ij g[Jg;gpj;J mUA;fhl;rpafkhf khw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ.


5

jkpH;ehL 12 Mk; tFg;g[ Bjh;t[ Kot[fs; 2018:-

2018k; Mz;L 12k; tFg;g[ Bjh;tpy; 91.01% Bgh; Bjh;r;rp bgw;Ws;sdh;.

khzth;fs; 87.07% Bgh; Bjh;r;rp bgw;wdh;.

khztpfs; 94.01% Bgh; Bjh;r;rp bgw;wdh;.

nU gs;spf; fy;tp jpl;lA;fs; nizg;g[:-

jkpH;ehl;oy; gs;spf; fy;tpf;fhd kj;jpa murpd; nU jpl;lA;fis (SSA_RMSA)

nizj;J, xUA;fpize;j jpl;lkhf (rkf;fpuh rpr&h mgpahd;, SSA) bray;gLj;j

murhiz btspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2018 cjif kyh;f; fhl;rp – bjhlf;fk;:-

jkpH;ehL Kjy;th; vlg;gho gHdprhkp, 122tJ cjif kyh;f;fhl;rp Bk 18 Kjy; Bk

22 tiu eilbgWfpwJ.

Fe;jh ePBuw;Wg; g[dy; kpd; jpl;lk;: U}.1850 Bfho kjpg;gPl;odhyhd Fe;jh ePBuw;wg;

g[dy; kpd; jpl;lj;ij bjhlA;fp itf;fpwhh;.

jkpH; vGj;JfSld; Toa brk;g[ fhR fz;Lgpog;g[:-

fp.gp. 15k; E]w;whz;oy;, mg;Bghija xd;wpize;j Bryk; khtl;lk;, xr{iu Mz;l

kd;dd; uhkz;z ehaf;fh; btspapl;l eurpk;khpd; cUtk;, jkpH; vGj;JfSld; Toa

mhpa brk;g[f;fhR fpilj;Js;sJ.

jkpHfj;jpy; TLjyhf 7 nlA;fspy; „n-ehk;‟ Md;iyd; tpw;gid re;ij:-

www.enam.gov.in nizajsk; K}yk; cs;sJ. vt;tst[ Bjit cs;spl;l jfty;fis

mwpe;J, Md;iydpByBa tpw;gid bra;ayhk;. me;je;j bghUl;fSf;F tptrhapfBs

tpiy eph;zapf;fyhk;. niljufh;fs; bjhy;iy nUf;fhJ.

Bjrpa mstpy; nJtiuapy; 585 Btshz; xGA;FKiw tpw;gid Tl;lA;fs;

Md;iyd; tpw;gid re;ijBahL nizf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. jkpHfj;jpy; kJiu,

jpz;Lf;fy;, Bjdp, nuhkehjg[uk;, Bfhit, BtY]h; cl;gl 23 nlA;fspy; „n-ehk;‟

mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

http://www.enam.gov.in/


6

Mh;.ey;yf;fz;Zf;F jkpH; uj;dh tpUJ 2018:-

epa{!; - 7 bjhiyf;fhl;rp rhh;gpy; Mh;. ey;yf;fz;Zf;F jkpH; uj;dh tpUij

jkpHf fth;dh; gd;thhpyhy; g[Buhfpj; tHA;fpdhh;.

ehlf uj;dh tpUJ – uhkK}h;j;jp

kfsph; uj;dh tpUJ – kzpBkfiy rh;kh

fiy uj;dh tpUJ – gp.rp.=uhK

Mrphpah; uj;dh tpUJ – e.fp.brhf;fypA;fk;

Brit uj;dh tpUJ – fy;ahzRe;juk;

a[t uj;dh tpUJ – gRy; u#;khd;

rf;jp uj;dh tpUJ – gphpj;jpfh ah&pdp

brd;idapy; u&pa fy;tpf; fz;fhl;rp:-

brd;idapy; cs;s u&pa fyhrhu ikaj;jpy; Bk 19,20 Mfpa Bjjpfspy; u&pa

fy;tpf; fz;fhl;rp eilbgWfpwJ.

fPHo Muha;r;rpapy; „uA; tot fpzW‟ fz;Lgpog;g[:-

hpA; tot fpzW 6 ciwfisf; bfhz;oUf;fpwJ, 93 br.kP tpl;lk; bfhz;ljhft[k;,

bghUs;fis Brkpf;fg; gad;gLj;jpahfj; bjhpfpwJ. jz;zPh; my;yJ jputg;

bghUis Brkpj;jpUf;fyhk;.

fhr Beha; fl;Lg;ghL – jpz;Lf;fy; Kjyplk;:-

jpz;Lf;fy; khtl;lk;, fhrBeha; fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; rpfpr;ir tHA;Fjy;

Mfpatw;wpy; Kjyplj;jpy; cs;sJ.

bfhLkzypy; mfHha;t[g; gzp:-

NBuhL khtl;lk;, brd;dpkiy xd;wpak;, bfhLkzy;, bfhy;yplj;jpy; giHikahd

bghUs;fs; fz;blLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. bfhLkzy; rpwe;j xU bjhHpy; tpidqh;fspd;

Tlkhf nUe;jpUf;fpwJ. nA;F jahhpf;fg;gl;l bghUl;fs;, bfhz;L bry;yg;gl;oUf;f

tha;g;g[fs; nUf;fpd;wd.


7

xUA;fpize;j FHe;ij tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lk;:- kw;Wk; a[dpbrg; nize;J elj;jpa Muk;g

fhy FHe;ij tsh;r;rp Fwpj;j fUj;j fUj;juA;F 17.5.2018 kw;Wk; 18.5.2018

Bjjpfspy; brd;idapy; eilbgw;wJ.

Advanced Medium Comabat Aircraft (AMCA) vdg;gLk;, ne;jpahtpd; mLj;j jiyKiw

(Ie;jhk; jiyKiw) Bghh; tpkhdA;fs; jkpH;ehl;oy; Bfhak;g[j;J]h; khtl;lj;jpy;

“r{Y]h;‟ vDkplj;jpy; jahhpf;fg;glt[s;sJ.

Bjrpa bjhHpy;El;g ikaj;Jld; TATA Bkhl;lh;!; epWtdk; xg;ge;jk;:-

jpUr;rpapy; cs;s Bjrpa bjhHpy;El;f ikaj;Jld; (NIT) TATA Bkhl;lhh;!; epWtdk;

xg;ge;jk; bra;Js;sJ. fy;tpapy; g[Jikahd jpl;lA;fis tFj;J mspg;gJ kw;Wk;

Muha;r;rpapy; NLgLtJ Mfpatw;Wf;F ne;j xg;ge;jk; tif bra;Js;sJ.

ehl;od; kyh;fs; cw;gj;jpapy; jkpH;ehl;od; gA;F – 19%

cjf kz;lyj;jpd; 122-tJ kyh;f;fhl;rpapd; epiwt[ tpHh Bk 22 md;W eilbgw;wJ.

ehl;od; bkhj;j kyh; cw;gj;jpapd; jkpH;ehl;oy; kl;Lk; 19% kyh;fs; cw;gj;jp

bra;ag;gLfpwJ vd jkpHf MSeh; gd;thhpyhy; g[Buh#pj; bjhptpj;Js;shh;.

J]j;Jf;Fo Jg;ghf;fpr;r{L ePjpgjp mUzh b$fjPrd;‟ tprhuiz Mizak;:-

J]j;Jf;Foapy; Bk 22 md;W eilbgw;w !;blh;iyl; Miyf;F vjpuhd Bghuhl;lj;jpy;

fhty;Jiw elj;jpa Jg;ghf;fpr;r{L rk;gtj;jpy; 12 Bgh; caphpHe;jdh;. Jg;ghf;fpr;r{L

rk;gtk; Fwpj;J tprhhpf;f Xa;t[bgw;w cah;ePjpkd;w ePjpgjp mUzh b$fjPrd;

jiytuhf bfhz;l xUegh; tprhuiz Mizak; mikj;J Kjy;th;

cj;jutpl;Ls;shh;.

2018 Bk khj kdjpd; Fuy; (kd; fP ghj;) – epfH;t[:-

gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho xt;bthU khjKk; filrp qhapw;Wf;fpHik md;W thbdhypapy;

„ kd; fP ghj;‟ vd;w jiyg;gpy; ciuahw;wp tUfpwhh;. Bk 27 md;W ele;j kdjpd;

Fuy; 44-tJ epfH;tpd; Fwpg;g[fs;:-

INSV jhhpd; fg;gy;:- ne;jpa flw;gilia Brh;e;j bgz;fs; FG, INSV jhhpzp

fg;gypy;, 250 ehl;fSf;F Bkyhf gazk; bra;J cyfk; KGtija[k; Rw;wp

te;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;.


8

#hpahdh khepyk; gprhiur; Brh;e;j rpthA;fp gjf; vd;w 16 taJ rpWkp vtbu!;oy;

Vwp g[jpa rhjid g[hpe;Js;shh;.

$Pd; - 5, cyf Rw;Wr;r{Hy; jpdj;ij gpsh!;of;fhy; Vw;gLk; rPh;Bfl;il xHpg;gij

ne;j Mz;L Rw;Wr;r{Hy; jpdj;jpd; gpujhd Behf;fkhFk;.

$Pd; - 21, rh;tBjr Bahfh jpdk; bfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. cly;eyk;, kfpH;r;rpf;F

Bahfh kpf;t[k; mtrpak;.

jkpH;ehL Xiyr;Rto E]yfk; - brd;id:-

brd;id mz;zh E]w;whz;L E]yfj;jpy; Xiyr;RtofSf;F vd jdp E]yfk;

cs;sJ. nA;F Vuhskhd mhpa xiyr;Rtofs; ghJfhf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ne;j

Xiyr;Rto E]yfk; jkpH bjhy;ypay; Jiwapd; fl;Lg;ghl;oy; cs;sJ.

1869-k; Mz;L fByhdy; fhypd; bkf;fd;rp vd;w MA;fpByah; Kaw;rpahy; jp

gpurpbld;rp fy;Y]hp E]yfj;jpy; ghJfhf;fg;gl;lJ.

jkpH;ehL rl;lkd;w khdpaf; Bfhhpf;if tpthj Tl;lk;:-

jkpH;ehL rl;lkd;wj;jpd; Kjy; Tl;lk;, 2018 $dthp 8 md;W MSeh; gd;thhpyhy;

g[Buhfpj; ciua[ld; bjhlA;fpaJ. MSeh; ciuf;F ed;wp bjhptpf;Fk; jPh;khdj;jpd;

kPjhd thhpahf $dthp 12 tiu eilbgw;wJ. jkpH;ehL rl;lkd;wj;jpy; Jiw

thhpahf khdpaf; Bfhhpf;if tpthjk;, Bk 29 Kjy; $Piy 9 tiu bkhj;jk; 23

ehl;fs; eilbgWfpwJ.

jpUthU}h; MHpj;BjBuhl;lk; - bjhlf;fk;:-

Mrpahtpd; kpfg;bghpa Bjh; vd;W Bghw;wg;gLk;, jpUthU}h; jpahfu$h; Bfhtpy;

MHpj;BjBuhl;lk; Bk 27 md;W eilbgw;wJ. ne;j Bjh; 30 mo mfyKk;, 96 mo

cauKk;, 220 ld; vila[k; bfhz;lJ.

cyfpd; gHikahd ePuhtp vd;$Pd; buapy; (EIR – 21) – naf;fk;:-

163 Mz;Lfs; gHikahd cyfj;jpByBa gHikahd gad;ghl;oy; cs;s ePuhtp

vd;$Pd; vd;w bgUikia bgw;Ws;s EIR – 21 ghuk;ghpa ePuhtp vd;$Pd; uapy;,

brd;id vGk;g{hpy; nUe;J Bfhlk;ghf;fk; nilBa Bk 27 md;W naf;fg;gl;lJ.


9

EIR – 21, 1855k; Mz;L fpHf;fpe;jpa tzpf FGtpd; K}yk; ne;jpahtpw;F bfhz;L

te;J gad;fLj;jp, 50 Mz;LfSf;F Bkyhf gad;gLj;jg;gl;l ne;j ePuhtp vd;$Pd;

1909-k; Mz;L jd;Dila Britia epiwt[.

$t#h;yhy; BeUtpd; mhpa g[ifg;gl tuyh@ g[j;jfk; btspaPL:-

jkpH;ehL fhA;fpu!; bra;jp bjhlh;ghsh; Bfhgz;zh, $t#h;yhy; BeUtpd; mhpa

g[ifg;gl tuyhW vd;w g[j;jfj;ij vGjp cs;shh;. BeUtpd; Bk 27 md;W

bly;ypapy;, g[j;jfj;ij Kd;dhs; FoauRj; jiyth; gpuzhg; Kfh;$p btspapl,

Kd;dhs; gpujkh; kd;Bkhfd;rpA; bgw;Wf;bfhz;lhh;.

brd;idapy; mika[k; Mrpahtpd; bghpa RuA;f bkl;Buh uapy; rJf;fk;:-

brd;id brd;luy; uapy; epiyak; vjpBu g{e;jky;yp beLq;rhiyapy; fPBH 70,060

rJu moapy; RuA;f bkl;Buh uapy; epiyaj;ij mikf;Fk; gzp ele;J tUfpwJ.

U}.400 Bfho brytpy; gy;BtW trjpfSld; ne;j uapy; epiya; Mrpahtpd; bghpa

RuA;f bkl;Buh uapy; rJf;fkhf cUthf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ.

J]j;Jf;Fo !;blh;iyl; jhkpu cUf;fhiy – „rPy;‟ itg;g[

ne;jpa murpayikg;g[r; rl;lk; 48-V gphptpd;go fhLfs;, td caphpdA;fis fhf;f

Rw;Wr;rHiy ghJfhj;J, Bkk;gLj;j Btz;oaJ khepy muRfspd; flikahFk;.

1974-k; Mz;L jz;zPh; rl;lj;jpd;go, jkpH;ehL khr fl;LghL thhpak;, !;blh;iyl;

jhkpu cUf;fhiyf;F rPy; itj;J epue;jukhf K}l Btz;Lk;.

bghJkf;fspd; eyid Kd;dpl;L, !;blh;iyl; Miyia epue;jukhf K}l jkpH;ehL

muR murhid btspaplg;gl;lij bjhlh;e;J, Bk 28 md;w Miy Kl rPy;

itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

11-k; tFg;g[ bghJj;Bjh;t[ - 91.3% Bgh; Bjh;r;rp:-

jkpH;ehL kw;Wk; g[Jr;Brhpapy; 11Mk; tFg;g[ bghJj;Bjh;it bkhj;jk; 8,63,668

Bgh;fs; vGjpdh;. nth;fspy; 91.3% Bgh; Bjh;r;rp bgw;Ws;sdh;.

khzth;fs; - 87.4%

khztpfs; - 94.6%


10

nuh$uh$ BrhHd;, ByhfkhBjtp riyfs; - kPl;g[:-

jq;ir bghpa Bfhtpypy; 50 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;g[ nuz;liu mo cauk; bfhz;l

uh$uh$ BrhHd; Ik;bghd; rpiya[k;, uh$uh$ BrhHdpd; gl;lj;J murpahd

ByhfkhBjtpapd; Ik;bghd; epiya[k; jpUlg;gl;L, F$uhj; khepyk; Mkjhghj;jpy;

cs;s rhuhgha; gt[z;Blrd; fhypBfh pa{raj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;oUg;gJ

fz;lwpag;gl;lJ. fz;lwpag;gl;l 2 rpiyfSk; I.$p. bghd;khzpf;fBty;

jiyikapy rpiy flj;jy; jLg;g[ BghyPrhh; kPl;L bfhz;L te;jdh;.

Bjrpak;

ne;jpahtpy; ePz;lfhy Kjyikr;ruhf nUg;gth; - gtd;Fkhh; rhkypA;:-

rpf;fpk; Kjyikr;rh; gtd;Fkhh; rhkypA; ne;jpahtpy; ePz;l fhykhf bjhlh;e;J

Kjyikr;ruhf nUg;gth; vd;w rhjidia bgw;Ws;shh;. – 1994, ork;gh; 12k; Bjjp

Kjy; Bk1, 2018 tiu Kjyikr;ruhf cs;shh;.

1. gtd;Fkhh; rhkpypA; - 23 Mz;Lfs; 4 khjk; 20 ehl;fs; (Bk 1, 2018 tiu)

2. B$hjpghR (Bkw;F tA;fhsk;) – 23 Mz;Lfs; 4 khjk; 17 ehl;fs;

ne;jpa ehl;oy; cs;s 5,97,464 fpuhkA;fSf;Fk; kpd;trjp:-

kdpg;g{hpd; yPrhA; vd;w fpuhkk; kpd;trjp bgw;wij mLj;J ehl;od; midj;J

fpuhkA;fSk; kpd;trjp bgw;Ws;sJ vd gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho mwptpj;Js;shh;.

ne;jpahtpd; nsk; g[j;jf Mrphpah; - mahd; fghoah:-

kfhuh&;ouh khepyk; Kk;igia rhh;e;j mahd; fghoah vd;w 9 taJ rpWtd;,

kpff;FWfpa fhyj;jpy; (3 ehl;fs;) khzth; vd;w g[fiH bgw;Ws;shh;.

cj;jufhz;l;oy; gha[k; aKid Mw;wpy; fl;lg;gLk; yf;thh; miz:-

cj;jufhz;l khepyk; BluhL}d; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s Byhfhp fpuhkj;jpw;F muBf

aKid Mw;wpd; k{J 165.9m ePsk; (k) 20 Kjy; 50 fp.kP ePs ePh;Bjf;f trjpa[k;

bfhz;l 192kP caukhd fhd;fPhpl; Nh;g;g[ miz – U}.3966 Bfho brytpy;

fl;lg;gl;L tUfpwJ.


11

Bfhgh;jhd; jpl;lk;:-

kj;jpa FoePh; kw;Wk; eythH;t[j;jis mikr;rh; bry;tp.ckhghujp Bk1 md;W

#hpahdh khepyk; fh;dypy; cs;s Bjrpa ghy; Muha;r;rp ikaj;jpy;

(GOBAT(Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources ) – DHAN jpl;lj;ij bjhlA;fp itj;jhh;.

fhy;eil kw;Wk; naw;if fHpt[fspypUe;J kpd; cw;gj;jp bra;J fpukA;fspd; tsj;ij

bgUf;FtJld;, Mf;fg{h;tkhf Rfhjhu jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;JtBj njd;

Behf;fkhFk;.

2018- tp$a; gpu#hh;” – uhZt gapw;rp:-

ne;jpa uhZtj;jpd; bjd;Bkw;F gilg;gphpthdJ “2018 –tp$a; gpu#hh; vd;w uhZt

gapw;rpia uh$!;jhdpd; Ruj;fh; mUBf bjhlA;fpaJ.

Cf;f kUe;J kPwy;fspd; gl;oaypy; ne;jpahtpw;F 6tJ nlk;

2016-k; mz;oy; Brfhpf;fg;gl;l khjphpfspd; cyf Cf;fkUe;J jLg;g[ Mizaj;jpd;

(WADA) mwpf;ifg;go, 69 tHf;FfSld; ne;jpa kw;wk; u&;ah – 6tJ nlj;ij

bgw;Ws;sd.

tptrha eythhpa gapuyA;fk;:-

tptrhapfSf;fhd gapyuA;Ff;F „fprhd; fy;ahz; fhh;arhyh‟ kj;jpa muR Vw;ghL

bra;Js;sJ.

g[jpa bjhHpy;El;gk; K}yk; tptrhapfspd; tUkhdj;ij mjpfhpf;Fk; tHpfs; Fwpj;J

njpy; tpthjpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

ng;gapyuA;F Bk 7 tiu eilbgwt[s;sJ.

“Bk khjk;” Mrpa, gRgpf; jPt[ kf;fSf;fhd ghukghpa khjkhf mbkhpf;fhtpy;

mwptpg;g[:-

mbkhpf;fht[f;F g[fH; Brh;j;j Mrpa kw;Wk; gRgpf; jPt[ kf;fisg; Bghw;Wk; tpjkhf

“Bk khjj;ij mbkhpf;f thH; Mrpah;fs; kw;Wk; gRgpf; jPt[dh;fSf;fhd ghuk;ghpa

khjkhf” mbkhpf;fh mwptpj;Js;sJ.


12

kfhj;kh fhe;jpapd; 150tJ Mz;L tpHh 2019 –bly;yp

kfhj;kh fhe;jpapd; 150tJ Mz;L tpHh 2019Mk; Mz;L mf;Blhgh; 2 Bjjp Kjy;

2020k; Mz;L mf;Blhgh; 2e; Bjjjp tiu Xh; Mz;L fhyk; bfhz;lhlg;gl

cs;sJ.

nJ bjhlh;ghf gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho jiyikapyhd Bjrpa mstpyhd FG xd;W

mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ne;j FGtpd; Kjy; Tl;lk; bly;ypapy; $dhjpgjjp uhk;ehj;

Bfhtpe;j; jiyikapy; Bk 2 md;W eilbgWfpwJ. mjpy; jkpHf Kjyikr;rh;

vlg;gho gHdprhkp fye;J bfhs;fpwhh;.

kpfg;bghpa r{hpa kpd;rf;jp epiyak; - mUzhry gpuBjrk;:-

mUzhry gpuBjrk;, nlh efhpy; mk;kkhepy Kjyikr;rh; gPkhfhz;L mth;fshy;

Jtf;fp itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

100 xd; !;lhg; ikaA;fs; (one stop centres (OSC)) bgz;fs; ghJfhg;g[ kw;Wk; kd ey

MByhrid tHA;Ftjw;fhd

TLjyhd 100 xd; !;lhg; ikaA;fis #hpahdh, #pkhr;ry gpuBjrk; kj;jpa

gpuBjrk;, kfhuh&;ouh, kpBrhuk;, ehfyhe;J, xorh, jkpH;ehL, cj;jpugpuBjr

khepyA;fspy; mikg;gjw;F kj;jpa muR xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

Vg;uy; 2015 Kjy; “xd; !;lhg; ikaA;fs;” kw;Wk; “181” vd;w nytr bgz;fs;

cjtp vz; bray;gl;L tUfpwJ.

Mrpa – gRgpf; gFjpapy; typik kpFe;j ehLfspd; gl;oaypy; ne;jpah 4-tJ nlk;.

M!;jpBuypahtpd; “ByhBt epWtdk;” btspapl;Ls;s mwpf;ifapy; Kjy; Ie;J nlA;fs;

KiwBa mbkhpf;fhm rPdh, $g;ghd;, ne;jpah, u&pah bgw;Ws;sJ.

ne;jpahtpd; braw;if Ez;zwpt[ kw;Wk; nae;jpu fw;wy;

r{H;epiyfis Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf epjp MBahf; kw;Wk; TFs; epWtdj;jpw;F nilBa

xg;ge;jk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

rpe;J ejp lhy;gpd;fspd; (Indus Dolphin) fzf;bfLg;g[ Kjy;Kiwahf gq;rhg;

khepyj;jpy; eilbgw;wJ.


13

ne;jpahtpy; caphp kUe;J cgfuzA;fs; jahhpg;g[ bjhHpy;fis Bkk;gLj;Jjw;fhf

ne;jpa muR kw;Wk; cyf tA;fp nilBa 250 kpy;ypad; lhyh; flDjtp xg;ge;jk;

bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

nuhZtj;jpw;F mjpfk; bryt[ bra;a[k; ehLfspd; gl;oaypy; ne;jpah 5-tJ nlk;:-

cyfpByBa nuhZtj;jpw;F mjpfk; bryt[ bra;a[k; ehLfspd; gl;oaiy rpghp (SIPRI)

vDk; mikg;g[ btspapl;Ls;sJ. njpy; Kjy; ehd;F nlA;fs; KiwBa mbkhpf;fh,

rPdh, rt[jpmBugpah u&pah kw;Wk; ne;jpah Ie;jhtJ nlj;ija[k; bgw;Ws;sd.

fpuhkA;fSf;F bry;Bthk; (Go to Village) g[jpa jpl;lk; - kzpg;g{h;

nj;jpl;lj;jpd;go khepyj;jpd; fpuhkA;fs; BjhWk;, jFjpa[s;sth;fis fz;Lgpoj;J,

mth;fSf;fhd mur Britfis fpilf;fg;bgWtij cWjp bra;tjhFk;.

ehl;od; 100tJ tpkhd epiyak;:-

rpf;fpk; khepyj;jpYs;s gf;BahA; tpkhdepiyak; vDk; bgUikia bgw;Ws;sJ. nJ

$Pd; 2018 Kjy; bray;ghl;ow;F tut[s;sJ. jw;BghJ, ne;jpahtpByBa tpkhd epiyak;

ny;yhj xBu khepyk; rpf;fpk; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

o$pl;ly; Kiwapy; ifbaGj;jplg;gl;l epy gjpt[ rhd;W tHA;Fk; Kiwia ne;jpahtpy;

Kjy; Kiwahf kfhuh&;ouh khepyk; mky;gLj;jpa[s;sJ.

kfhuh&;ouh khepyj;jpYs;s tlf;F kfhuh&;ouh gy;fiyfHfk;, mk;khepy

bgz;ftpqh; “ghffpdhgha; rt[jhhp” bgahpy; bgah;khw;wk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

me;epa Beuo KjyPL ek;gpf;if gl;oay; 2018:-

AT Kearney vDk; mikg;g[ btspapl;Ls;s ne;j gl;oaypy;, ne;jpah 11tJ nlKk;,

Kjy; Ie;J nlA;fis mbkhpf;fh, fdlh, b$h;kdp, nA;fpyhe;J kw;Wk; rPdh

Mfpait bgw;Ws;sd.

Jog;ghd tlfpHf;F fz;fhl;rp 2018 (Vibrant Northeast 2018 expo) –

3-5 Bk, 2018 md;W m!;!hk; khepyk;, bfsfhj;jpapy; eilbgw;wJ.


14

Mrpa Clf khehL – g[Jbly;yp

Mrpa Clf khehL g[Jbly;ypapy; eilbgw;wJ. ne;jpah elj;Jk; ne;j khehl;oy; 40

ehLfspd; gpujpepjpfs; fye;J bfhz;ldh;.

fUg;bghUs ;: „ekJ fijfis brhy;YBthk; - Mrpah kw;Wk; mjw;F Bky;‟

lhkd; - ila{tpd; Kjy; kUj;Jtf; fy;Y]hp:-

a{dpad; gpuBjrA;fshd lhkd; - ila{ kw;Wk; jhj;uh – ehfh; #Btypapy; Kjy;

kUj;Jtfy;Y]hp mikf;f kj;jpa muR mDkjp mspj;Js;sJ.

ila{ - lhkd;, 1961 –y; Bghh;r;Rf;fPrpa Mjpf;fj;jpypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;gl;lJ.

cyfpd; Kjy; kfsph; uapy; Brit bjhlA;fp 26 Mz;Lfs; epiwt[:-

bgz;fs; kl;Lk; gazpf;fk; Kjy; „kfsph; tpBr& uapy;‟ 1992, Bk 5 md;W

kfhuh&;ouhtpy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ne;j tuyhw;W epfH;tpd; 26 Mz;L epidt[

jpdk; Bk5, 2018 md;W mDrhpf;fg;gl;lJ.

ghh;g;!; gj;jphpf;ifapy; cyfpd; rf;jptha;e;j 10 gpugyA;fs;:-

njpy; ne;jpa gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho 9tJ nlj;ij bgw;Ws;shh;. njpy; rPd mjpgh;

$p $pd;gpA; Kjyplj;ija[k;, u&pa mjpgh; tpdhokph; g[jpd; nuz;lhk; nlj;ija[k;

bgw;Ws;shh;. mjpy; hpiyad;!; epWtd jiyth; KBf&; mk;ghdp 32-tJ nlj;ij

bgw;Ws;shh;.

2017-y; ne;jpahtpd; uhZt bryt[ 4.26 yl;rk; Bfho:-

!;tPlid Brh;e;j !;lhf;B#hk; nz;lh;Be&dy; gP!; hprh;r; epWtdk; btspapl;Ls;s

mwpf;ifapy; cyf ehLfspd; bkhj;j uhZt bryt[ U}.116 yl;rk; Bfho MFk;.

njpy; ne;jpah U}.4.26 yl;rk; Bfho brytpl;Ls;sJ. nJ fle;j Mz;iltpl 5.5

rjtPjk; mjpfkhFk;.

gj;jphpf;if Rje;jpu gl;oaypy; 133 tJ nlk; ne;jpah:-

2018k; Mz;od; juthpiria gpuhd;rpd; „hpg;Bghh;l;h;!; tpj;jt[l; ghh;lh;!;‟ mikg;g[

btspapl;Ls;sJ. njpy; Kjy; K}d;W nlA;fs; KiwBa ehh;Bt, RtPld;, bejh;yhe;J

cs;sJ. ng;gl;oaypy; ne;jpah 133tJ nlj;jpy; cs;sJ.


15

fhw;W khR ghjpg;gpy; yf;Bdh Kjyplk;:-

cyfpd; fhw;W khRghL mjpfk; epiwe;j 20 efuA;fspd; gl;oaiy cyf Rfhjhu

ikak; btspapl;Ls;sJ. njpy; ne;jpahtpy; yf;Bdh efuk; Kjyplk; bgw;Ws;sJ. njpy;

14 ne;jpa efuA;fs; mlA;fpa[s;sJ.

ehL KGtJk; 315 khtl;lA;fspy; Bjrpa Cl;lr;rj;J jpl;lj;ij (National Nutrition

Mission (Poshan Abhiyaan) eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf ne;jpah (k) cyf tA;fpapilBa

200 kpy;ypad; mbkhpf;f lhyh; flDjtp xg;ge;jk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

gpujhd ke;jphp thah te;jd; Bah$dh:

nj;jpl;lj;jpd; fPH;, K}j;j Fokf;fs; KjyPL bra;tjw;fhf tpjpf;fg;gl;oUe;j mjpfgl;r

cr;r tuk;ghd U}.7.5 yl;rk; vd;gij U}.15 yl;rkhf mjpfhpj;s;sJ.

“gRik g[ul;rp – fphpB&hdj;jp Bah$dh”

Btshz;ikapd; gy;BtW jpl;lA;fis xU Filapd;fPH; bfhz;L tUk; tifapy;

jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ. nJ Btshz;ik kw;Wk; mJ bjhlh;ghd gy;BtW jpl;lA;fis

xl;Lbkhj;jkhft[k; mwptpay; mog;gilapYk; bray;gLj;Jtjw;fhdJ MFk;.

xUA;fpize;j Bjhl;lf;fiy Bkk;ghl;L naf;fk;

Bjrpa czt[ ghJfhg;g[ naf;fk;

ePoj;j Btshz;ikf;fhd Bjrpa naf;fk;

Btshz; tphpthf;fj;Jf;fhd Jiz naf;fk;

tpijfs;, jhtu bghUl;fs; Fwpj;j Jiz naf;fk;

Btshz; nae;jpukakhf;fy; Fwpj;j Jiz naf;fk;

jhtug; ghJfhg;g[ kw;Wk; jLg;g[f; fhg;g[ jpl;lk; Fwpj;j Jiz naf;fk;

Btshz; g[s;sptptuk;, bghUspay; tptuk; Fwpj;j xUA;fpize;j jpl;lk;

Btshz; xj;JiHg;g[f;fhd xUA;fpize;j jpl;lk;

Btshz; re;ijakhf;fy; xUA;fpize;j jpl;lk;

Bjrpa kpd; - MSifj; jpl;lk;.

bjYA;fhdh khepyj;jpy; “iuj;J –ge;J” jpl;lk; - bjhlf;fk;

bjYA;fhdh muR iuj;J – ge;J vd;w tptrhapfspd; ez;gh; vd;w bghUs;gLk;

jpl;lj;ij bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ. tptrhapfSf;F KjyPl;Lf;F Mjut[ tHA;Fk; ne;j


16

jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; xU tptrhap xU tUlj;jpd; nuz;L gUtj;jpw;Fk;,xU Vf;fUf;F 4,000

U}gha; bgWthh;.

gq;rhgpy; “bgz;fhsy; naA;Fk; Kjy; mq;ry; gh!;Bghh;l; Brit ikak;”

bjhlf;fk;:-

gq;rhg; khepyj;jpy; KGf;f KGf;f bgz;fshy; naA;Fk; TLjy; mq;ry; mYtyf

gh!;Bghh;l; Brit ikak; bjhlA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

kj;jpa mikr;ruit khw;wpaikg;g[:-

kj;jpa mikr;ruitia, gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho Bk 15 md;W khw;wpaikj;Js;shh;.

gpa{&; Bfhay; - epjpj;Jiw – TLjy; bghWg;g[, buapy;BtJiw

uh$;ath;jd; rpA; uBjhh; - jfty; kw;Wk; xypgug;g[j;Jiw, nisqh; eyd; kw;Wk;

tpisahl;L Jiw

!;kphpjp nuhdp- $t[spj;Jiw

v!;.v!;.mYthypah – kpd;dZ kw;Wk; jfty; bjhHpy;El;gj;Jiw

jpwe;jbtsp kyk;fHpj;jy; ny;yhj khepykhf “kj;jpag;gpuBjrk;”

2018k; Mz;L fhe;jp gpwe;j ehshd mf;Blhgh; 2k; Bjjp Kjy; kj;jpag;gpuBjrk;

jpwe;j btspapy; kyk; fHpj;jy; ny;yhj khepykhf mwptpf;fg;gl cs;sjhf mk;khepy

Kjy;th; rptuh$; rpA; ft[fhd; bjhptpj;Js;shh;.

ne;jpah – g[UBd nilBa thp tr{y; cjtp & jfty; ghpkhw;wk;

thptr{y; bjhlh;ghd cjtp kw;Wk; jfty; ghpkhw;wk; bjhlh;ghf ne;jpaht[f;Fk; g[UBd

lhUryhk; ehl;ow;Fk; nilBaahd xg;ge;jj;jpw;F kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy;

mspj;Js;sJ.

$hh;fz;l; khepyj;jpy; va;k;!; kUj;Jtkid:-

gpujhd ke;jphp !;t!;j;a Ruf;&h Bah$dh jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; $hh;fz;l; khepyk;

jpBahfh; khtl;lj;jpy; 1103 Bfho U}gha; brytpy; va;k;!; kUj;Jtkid mikf;f

kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.


17

Bghghy; efhpy; “Bjrpa kdey kWthH;t[ epWtdk;” – mikr;ruit xg;g[jy;

kj;jpa gpuBrjk; jiyefuh; Bghghy; efhpy; Bjrpa kdey kWthH;t[ epWtdj;ij

mikf;f kj;jpa mikr;ruit FG xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

mugpf;flypy; cUthfpa[s;s “rhfh; g[ay;”

bjd;Bkw;F mugpf;flypy; Vld; tisFlh gFjpapy; rhfh; g[ay; cUthfpa[s;sJ.

ng;g[aYf;F rhfh; vd;w bgaiu ne;jpah r{l;oa[s;sJ. 2004k; Mz;oypUe;J g[aYf;f

bgah; itf;fg;gLfpwJ. ne;j rhfh; g[ay; 50tJ g[ayhFk;.

ne;jpahtpd; J]a;ikahd efuA;fs; gl;oay; 2018:-

ne;jpahtpd; J]a;ikahd efuA;fs; gl;oaiy (Swachh Surrekshar 2018 awards) kj;jpa

tPl;L trjp kw;Wk; efh;g[wj;Jiw mikr;rh; #h;jPg; rpA;g[hp btspapl;Ls;shh;.

Bjrpa mstpy; Kjy; 3 J]a;ikahd efuA;fs; 2018:-

1. ne;J]h;

2. Bghghy;

3. rz;ofh;

2017 ne;jpahtpd; rpwe;j KfE]y; gf;fk;: Bfush Rw;Wyhj;Jiw Kjyplk;:-

2017 Mk; Mz;ow;fhd ne;jpahtpd; rpwe;j KfE]y; gf;fk; (Facebook Page) gl;oaypy;

Bfush Rw;Wyhj;Jiw KfE]y; gf;fk; Kjyplj;ij gpoj;Js;sJ.

rpwe;j KfE]y; gf;fk; - 2017

1. Bfush Rw;Wyhj;Jiw

2. $k;K – fh&;kPh; Rw;Wyhj;Jiw

3. F$uhj; Rw;Wyhj;Jiw

Bfushtpy; “bjhHpyhsh; Fiwe;jgl;r xUehs; Cjpak; U}.600” Mf cah;j; g[jpa

bfhs;if:-

Bfuush khepyj;jpy; jdpeghpd; Fiwe;jgl;r xUehs; Cjpaj;ij U}.600 Mf

cah;j;Jk; tifapy; g[jpa bjhHpyhsh; bfhs;iff;F mk;khepy muR xg;g[jy;

mspj;Js;sJ.


18

fh&;kPhpy; Mrpahtpd; „ kpf ePz;l nUjpir RuA;fg;ghij‟ – mof;fy; ehl;ly;

fh&;kPhpy; khepyk; =efh;, fhh;fpy; kw;Wk; By gFjpfis nizf;Fk; tifapy; 14 fp.kP

J]uj;jpw;f mikf;fg;gLk; RuA;fr;rhiyf;F gpujkh; mof;fy; ehl;odhh;.

MrpahtpByBa kpf ePz;l nUjpir RuA;fg;ghijahd nij mikf;f U}.6,800 Bfho

epjp xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. nJ fly; kl;lj;jpy; nUe;J 11,578 mo cauj;jpy;

B!h$pyh fzthapy; mikf;fg;gLfpwJ.

fp&d; fA;fh kpd;jpl;lk; - mh;g;gzpg;g[:-

fh&;kPhpd; FBu&; gFjpapy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;s „fp&d; fA;fh kpd;jpl;lj;ij gpujkh;

Bkho ehl;Lf;F mh;g;gzpj;jhh;..

ne;jpa – khyj;jPt[ flw;gilfspd; rpwg;g[ bghUshjhu kz;lyA;fs; Tl;L

fz;fhzpg;g[ gapw;rp

khyj;jPtpy; 9-17 Bk 2018 jpdA;fspy; ne;jpa flw;gilf; fg;gy; khyj;jPt[f;F

brd;Ws;sJ.

vf;jh 2018‟ vd;w bgahpy; ne;jpah – khyj;jPt[ flw;gilfspd; Tl;L

nuhZtg;gapw;rp 28 Vg;uy; 2018 Kjy; 15 Bk 2018 tiuapy; eilbgw;wJ

Fwpg;gplj;j;fJ.

„AYUSH‟vd;w RUf;fj;ij MA;fpy kw;Wk; ne;jp bkhHp thh;j;ijahf kj;jpa mwptpay;

kw;Wk; bjhHpy;El;g thh;j;ijfSf;fhd fkp&d; (Commission for scientific and Technical

Terminnology (CSTT) mA;fPfhpj;Js;sJ.

AYUSH’ vd;gJ Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Sidha kw;Wk; Homoepathy Mfpa ghuk;ghpa kUj;Jt

Kiwfspd; RUf;fkhFk;.

bgz;fSf;F fhty; Jiwapy; 10% nlxJf;fPl;il jphpg[uh muR mwptpj;Js;sJ.

th;j;jf FiwjPh; naf;Feufk; ( Directorate General of Trade Remedies (DGTR) vDk; g[jpa

mikg;g[ kj;jpa th;j;jf Jiwapyd; fPH; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ehd;thftJ „cyf Britfs; fz;fhl;rp‟ – 15Bk, 2018 md;W Kk;igapy;

FoauRj;jiyth; uhkehj; Bfhtpe;j; mth;fshy; Jtf;fp itf;fg;gl;lJ.

I.gp.ehdp (IP NANI):- mwpt[ rhh; brhj;Jhpik rhh;ghd tpHpg;g[zh;it FHe;ijfs;

kw;Wk; bghJ kf;fspilBa Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhf vd;w bgahpy; „I.gp.ehdp‟ vd;w


19

bgahpyhd tpHpg;g[zh;t[ rpd;dj;ij kj;jpa th;j;jf Jiw kw;Wk; bjhHpy;Jiw

mikr;rh; RBu&;ghg[ btspapl;Ls;shh;.

rhiy tpgj;jpw;Fs;shBthh;fspd; kUj;Jt bryit U}.50,000 tiu muBr brytpLk;

vd;w g[jpa jpl;lj;ij F$uhj; khepy muR mwptpj;Js;sJ.

gpujhd ke;jphp fphp&p rpd;rhaP Bah$dh jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; U}.5000 tiu Ez; ghrd

trjp Vw;gLj;j kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy; tHA;fpa[s;sJ.

ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; rf;jpapy; nA;Fk; nuapy; epiyak; vd ft[fhj;jp nuapy; epiyak;

mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

nsk; tajpy; vtbu!;l; rpfuk; Vwpa ne;jpa bgz; - rpthA;fp gjf;

Beghs ehl;oy; 8,848 kPl;lh; cauk; bfhz;l, cyfpd; kpf cah;e;j rpfukhd

„vtbu!;l;‟ rpfuj;jpy; Vwp, mhpahdh khepyj;jpd; 16 taJ rpWkp rpthA;fp gjf;, nsk;

tajpy; vtbu!;il bjhl;l ne;jpa bgz; vd;w bgUikia bgw;Ws;shh;.

kj;jpa $t[sp mikr;rfj;jpd; „rkh;j; jpl;lk;‟

2014 ork;gh; 2017 nj;jpl;lk; bjhlA;fg;gl;lJ, njd; Kf;fpa Behf;fk; jpwd; ne;jpah,

jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; $t[spj; Jiwapy; mjpf mst[ Btiy tha;g;g[fis Vw;glj;JtJ

njw;fhf, 2017 – 2020k; Mz;L 10 nyl;rk; BgUf;f Btiytha;g;g[ rhh;e;j gapw;rp

tHA;Ftjw;F jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ. njw;fhf U}.1300 Bfho xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

n-Bt gpy; Kiw :- m!;!hk; kw;Wk; nuh$!;jhd; khepyA;fspy; 20 Bk 2018 md;W

eilKiwf;F te;jJ.

bjhlh; bghUshjhu FG vd;w bgahpy; 30 cWg;gpdh;fisf; bfhz;l ghuhSkd;w

FG xd;W Kusp kBdhfh; B$h&p jiyikapy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. njd; Behf;fk;

fUg;g[ gz xHpg;g[ kw;Wk; bghJj;Jiw tA;fpfspd; bray;ghLfis

Bkw;ghh;itapLtJ.

cs;slf;fpa ghujj;jpw;fhd Kaw;rp‟ vDk; jpl;lj;ij I.I.o Mkjhghj;

JtA;fpa[s;sJ. njd; Behf;fk; mistook; cs;slf;fpa epjp, thH;thjhuk;, fy;tp

kw;Wk; Rfhjhuj;ij miltjw;fhd mwpt[, g[Jik kw;Wk; bjhHpy; Kidt[fis

cUthf;FtJ


20

2017-2018 Mk; Mz;oy; mjpf mstpy; niza Brit epWj;jg;gl;l bjw;F Mrpa

ehLfspd; gl;oaypy; ne;jpah Kjyplk;.

gRik jpwd; Bkk;ghl;L jpl;lk;:-

2021 – Mz;ow;Fs; fhLfs; kw;Wk; Rw;Wr{Hy; rhh;e;j Jiwfspy; 5.5 nyl;rk;

egh;fSf;F Btiy tha;g;g[ gapw;rp tHA;Fjw;fhf JtA;fg;gl;lJ.

cs;Bsd; Iah vd;gjw;F gjpy; b$a;#pe;j;:-

kj;jpa gpuBjrj;jpy; gs;sp TlA;fspy; cs;Bsd; vd;gjw;F gjpy; b$a;#pe;j; vd

khzt khztpah; Tw muR cj;jut[ gpwg;gpj;Js;sJ.

mLj;j Mz;L khh;r; khjj;Jf;Fs; midj;J buapy;fspYk; „gBah fHpg;giw‟ trjp

bfhz;L tug;gLk; vd;W buapy;Bt thhpaj; jiyth; m&;thdp Byh#hdp bjhptpj;jhh;.

khepyA;fistpd; jpdrhp elj;ijia Ma;t[ bra;a[k; FG

V.K. mf;dpBjhj;hp kw;Wk; S.R. lhbyl;lh MfpBahh; mlA;fpa FGit nuh$;argh

jiyth; btA;ifah eha[L mikj;Js;shh;.

fw;gHpg;g[ kw;Wk; Mrpl; tPr;rpdhy; ghjpg;gpw;Fs;shFk; bgz;fSf;fhd nHg;gPL

tHA;Fk; jpl;lj;jpw;F cr;rePjpkd;wk; xg;g[jy; tHA;fpa[s;sJ.

If;fpa ehLfsit tsh;r;rp jpl;lj;jpd; jpwd; Bkk;ghl;L ikak;:-

nk;ikak; i#juhghj; efhpy; Mjutw;w kw;Wk; nd;dyWk; bgz;fSf;F Btiy

tha;g;g[ rhh;e;j gapw;rp tHA;Ftjw;fhf mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

r{hpa rf;jp bjhlh;ghd rh;tBjr re;ij – ne;jpah K}d;whkplk;:-

ork;gh; 2017-d; go, ne;jpahtpd; xl;L bkhj;j r{hpa rf;jp cw;gj;jp 19.6 $pfh thl;

g[jpa mfpy ne;jpa kUj;Jt tpq;qhd epWtk; (AIMS)

va;k;!; epWtdk; $hh;fz;l; khepyk; Bjt;fhpy; mikg;gjw;F gpujkh; jpU.eBuejpuBkho

jiyikapyhd kj;jpa mikr;uit xg;g[jy; tHA;fpa[s;sJ. nj;jpl;lj;jpy; epjpr;bryt[

U}.1103 Bfho xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.


21

rpiw ifjpfSf;fhd thbdhyp epiyak;:-

k#huh&;ouhtpy; m#kj; efh; khtl;l rpiwapy;, ifjpfBs elj;Jk; thbdhyp

epiyak; JtA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Kd;dhs; gpujkh;, yhy; gfJ]h; rh!;jphp, kh;kkhd Kiwapy; nwe;jJ bjhlh;ghf,

1977y; mikf;fg;gl;l uh$; ehuhaz; fkpl;o MtzA;fis btspapLk;go

cj;jutplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ne;jpahitr; Brh;e;j =re;j; ne;J$h, nA;fpyhe;jpd; Kjy; Mapuk; gzf;fhuu;fs;

gl;oaypy; Kjyplj;ij, Bfhgpre;j; ne;J$h nuz;lhkplj;ija[k; bgw;Ws;shh;.

2018- fh;ehlf rig Bjh;jy;:-

Bjh;jy; 12 Bk 2018 eilbgw;W 72.13% thf;F gjpthdJ.

voa{ug;gh 104 bjhFjpfis btd;W 17 Bk 2018 Kjy;tuhf gjtp Vw;whh;.

cr;rePjpkd;w cj;jut[g; go, ek;gpif;if thf;bfLg;g[f;F Kd;dh; voa{ug;gh jdJ

gjtpia 19 Bk 2018 nuh$pdhkh bra;jhh;,

78 fhA;fpu!; vk;.vy;.Vf;fs; Mjut[ld; 37 nlA;fis btd;w Fkhuhrhkp 23 Bk

2018 Kjy;tuhdhh;.

gpuk;Bkh!; Vt[fizapd; Mz[is 10 Mz;Lfspy; Brhjid btw;wp:-

gpuk;Bkh!; Vt[fizapd; Ma[is 10 Mz;Lfspy; nUe;J 15 Mz;Lfshf

ePl;og;gjw;fhd Brhjidia ghJfhg;g[ Ma;t[ kw;Wk; Bkk;ghl;L mikg;g[ xhprh

khepyj;jpd; flw;fiug; gFjpapy; cs;s gyhBrhhpy; btw;wpfukhf Bk 21 md;W

epiwBtw;wg;gl;lJ. njdhy; ‟15 Mz;Lfs; Ma[s; bfhz;l ne;jpahtpd; Kjy;

r{g;gh;Brhdpf; Vt[fizahf gpuk;Bkh!; bgah; bgw;Ws;sJ.

Bfushtpy; - epfh itu!; jhf;fk;:-

Bfush khepyj;jpy; epgh itu!; jhf;Fjy; nJBt Kjy; kiw MFk;. mA;F

BfhHpf;BfhL kw;Wk; kyg;g[uk; khtl;lA;fspy; epgh itu!; jhf;fp 10 Bgh;

caphpHe;Js;sdh;. epgh itu!; btsthy;fs; K}yk; gut[fpwJ. epgh itu!;: 1998k;

Mz;L kBy&pahtpy; fk;gA; RA;fha; epg;gh vd;w fpuhkj;jpy; epgh itu!; jhf;fpaJ.

bgl;BuhBghoBl tifia Brh;e;j btsthy;fs; K}yk; ne;j Beha; gd;wpfSf;F

gutpaJ.


22

a{j – mbkhpf;f tuyhw;whrphpah; bgh;dhl; bytp!; fhykhdhh;.

g[fH; bgw;w a{j – mbkhpf;f tuyhw;whrphpah; bgh;zhl; bytp!; 101tJ tajpy;

mbkhpf;fhtpd; epa{b$h;rpapy; Bk 19 md;W fhykhdhh;. nth; vGjpa E]y;fs;.

The Araba in Histrory (1950)

The Emergence of Modern Turkey (1961)

The Crisis of Islam (2003)

ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; vhprf;jp xGA;FKiw ikak; (CET) – IIT fhd;g{h;

fhd;g{h; ne;jpa bjhHpy;El;g epWtdk; (IIT – Kanpur) Mw;wy; kw;Wk; kpd; Jiwapd;

bfhs;iffis tYg;gLj;j ehl;od; Kjy; vhprf;jp xGA;FKiw ikaj;ij

mikj;Js;sJ.

mUzhr;ryg; gpuBjrj;jpy; Kjd; Kiwahf gazpfs; tpkhd Brit:

mUzhr;ry gpuBjrj;jpy; Kjd;Kiwahf tpkhd Brit 2018 Bk 21 md;W

bjhlA;fg;gl;lJ.

2016-y; kj;jpa murhy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l kz;lyA;fSf;F nilBaahd tpkhd

Bghf;Ftuj;J jpl;lkhd „cjhd;‟ jpl;lk; K}yk; ne;j tpkhd Brit gh!pfl; vd;w

nlj;jpy; nUe;J Fth#hl;o efuk; tiu tpkhd Brit naf;fg;gl;lJ.

n-trh jpl;lk; K}yk; U}. 1400 Bfho tUtha;:-

n-tprh K}yk; tUif je;j btspehl;L gazpfs; thapyhf kj;jpa muRf;f jw;BghJ

tiu U}.1400 Bfho tUtha; fpilj;Js;sJ. n-tprh jpl;lk;:- 2014k; Mz;L

Md;iyd; thapyhf btspehl;L gazpfSf;F mDkjp mspf;Fk; n-tprh mspf;Fk;

jpl;lj;ij mwpKfk; bra;jJ.

2018 „ fhe;jpt; tp$a;‟ nuhZtg;gapw;rp epiwt[:-

nuh$!;jhdpy; cs;s r{uj;fh; efhpy; kfh$d; Jg;ghf;fpr;r{l;L tuk;gpy; ne;jpa

nuhZtj;jpd; „fhejpt; tp$a;‟ vd;w nuz;L khj fhy nuhZt gapw;rp Bk 22

md;W epiwtile;Jj


23

nuh$!;jhd; murpd; „eplhd;‟ bkd;bghUs;

nuh$!;jhd; muR eplhd; (Nidoan) vd;w bkd;bghUis mwpKfk; bra;Js;sJ.

gUtfhy kw;Wk; gutf;Toa Beha;fis fz;lwpjy; kw;Wk; fz;fhzpg;gpw;fhf ne;j

bkd;bghUs; cjt[k;.

nlJrhhp jPtputhjj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l gFjpfspy; bkhigy; nizg;g[fis tHA;f

kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy;:-

nlJrhhp jPtputhjj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l 10 khepyA;fspd; 96 khtl;lA;fspy; kf;fs;

trpf;Fk; 4072 Bfhg[uA;fs; mike;Js;s gFjpapy; bkhigy; Britfis mspf;f

a[dpth;ry; Brit bghWg;g[ epjp (USOF) Mjut[ld; jpl;lj;jpw;F gpujkh; Bkho

jiyikapyhd mikr;ruit xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

My MP Rojgar Portal – I kj;jpa gpuBjr muR bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ:-

gpujhd; ke;jphp Btiytha;g;g[ jpl;lkhd „g#y;‟ jpl;lj;jpd; xU gFjpahf kj;jpa

gpuBjr muR Bghghypy; „My MP Rojgar Portal’ I bjhlA;fpaJ. nisBahh;f;F

mog;gilapy; Btiytha;g;g[ tHA;Ftjw;Fk;, Btiy tHA;FBthh; jA;fpsd;

tzpfj;jpw;Bfw;w jFjptha;e;j nisBahh;fis fz;lwpat[k; nj;jsk; cjt[k;.

gl;oay; rhjpia Brh;e;j epykw;w bjhHpyhsh;fs;, tptrha epyA;fs; bgWtjw;fhd xU

g[jpa jpl;lk; - kfhuh&;ouh:-

gl;oay; rhjpia Brh;e;j epykw;w bjhHpyhsh;fs;, tptrha epyA;fs; bgWtjw;F cjt[k;

xU g[jpa jpl;lj;ij kfhuh&;ouh khepy muR mwpKfk; bra;Js;sJ. gl;oay;

rhjpia Brh;e;j epykw;w bjhHpyhsh;fs; jw;rka 5% gzk; kl;Lk; brYj;jp xU Vf;fh;

khdhthp tptrha epyBkh my;yJ nuz;L Vf;fh; ghrd epyj;ijBah bgw;W bfhs;s

Koa[k;. kPjKs;s U}.8 yl;rk; tiuayhd gzj;ij khepy muBr brYj;Jk;.

bghypt[W efuA;fs; ne;jpah 2018 fz;fhl;rp – g[Jbly;yp:-

bghypt[W efuA;fs; ne;jpah 2018 vd;w fz;fhl;rp g[Jbly;ypapy; Bk 23 md;W

bjhlA;fp 3 ehl;fs; eilbgWfpwJ. njpy; Ie;J btt;BtW fz;fhl;rpfs; eilbgWk;.

Mit Building India fz;fhl;rp Solar India fz;fhl;rp, Transport India fz;fhl;rp, Smart

Cities India gy;BtW ehLfis Brh;e;j 300f;Fk; Bkw;gl;l fz;fhl;rpahsh;fs; njpy;


24

gA;Bfw;ft[s;sdh;. njid ne;jpa th;j;jf Bkk;ghl;L Tl;likg;g[k;, NASSCOM –

k; nize;J elj;Jfpd;wd.

2017-2018 tUA;fhy itg;g[epjpf;fhd tl;o 8.55%

2017-2018 Mk; Mz;L tUA;fhy itg;g[epjf;fhd tl;o 8.55% vd;W kj;jpa

bjhHpyhsh; mikr;rfk; eph;zak; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

gs;spf;fy;tpf;F Mjut[ tHA;Fk; „rkhh;f rpf;rh‟ jpl;lk; - bjhlf;fk;:-

g[Jbly;ypapy; Kjy;Kiwahf gs;spapd; Kjy;epiy Kjy; cah;epiy tiu Mjut[

tHA;Ftjw;fhd xUA;fpize;j jpl;lkhf „rkhh;f rpf;rh‟ vd;w jpl;lj;ij kdpj ts

Bkk;ghl;L mikr;rh; gpufh&; $tBlfh; bjhlA;fp itj;jhh;.

„gpuafuh$;‟ vd bgah; khWk; - myfhghj; khtl;lk;:-

cj;ju gpuBjr khepyj;jpd; myfhghj; khtl;lj;jpd; bgaiu „gpuaf;fuh$;‟ vd

khw;w jpl;kpl;Ls;sjhf cj;jpu gpuBjr Jiz Kjy;th; Bfrt; gpurhj; myfhghj;

khtl;lj;jpy;, fA;if, aKdh, ru!;tjp Mfpa Kf;fpa ejpfs; xBu nlj;jpy;

rA;fkpf;Fk; g[fH;bgw;w g[dpj jykhf „fpuahif‟ nUf;fpwJ.

bjd; Bkw;F gUt kiH – me;jkhdpy; bjhlf;fk;:-

bjd; Bkw;F gUt kiH, bjw;F me;jkhd; kw;Wk; epf;Bfhgj; ePt[fspy; Bk 25 md;W

Kjy; bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ, vd brd;id thdpiy Ma;t[ ikak; mwptpj;Js;sJ.

tlBkw;F buapy;Btapy; Kjy; bgz; Bghh;l;lh; - kq;RBjtp:-

uapy; epiyaA;fspy; gazpfspd; cilikfis J]f;fpr;bry;Yk; Bghh;l;lh; bjhHpypy;,

uh$!;jhd; khepyk; b$a;g;g{h; uapy; epiyaj;jpy; bgz; Bghh;l;luhf kq;RBjtp

vd;gth; gzpg[hpe;J tUfpwhh;. nth; tlBkw;F uapy;Btapy; Kjy; bgz; Bghh;l;lh;

Mthh;.

ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; 14 tHp tpiut[r; rhiy jpwe;J itg;g[:-

ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; 14 tHpr;rhiyia Bk 27 md;W, cj;jugpuBjr khepyk; gf;gj;

vd;w nlj;jpy; gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho jpwe;J itj;jhh;.


25

bly;ypapy; nUe;J cj;jugpuBjr khepyk; kPul; tiuapyhd ne;j 149 fp.kP ePs

rhiyapy;, bly;ypapy; nUe;J 27.74 fp.kP J]uj;jpw;F 14 tHpr; rhiyahft[k;,

mjd;gpwF kPjk; cs;s J[uk; 6 tHprhiyahft[k;, U}.11000 Bfho brytpy; mjpetPd

trjpfSld; Toa fpHf;F tiut[r;rhiy mikf;fg;gLfpwJ.

Kjy; fl;lkhf U}.842 Bfho brytpy; 9fp.kP epsj;Jf;F 14 tHpr;rhiy

mikf;fg;gl;L jpwe;J itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

njd; rpwg;g[fs;,

r{hpa xsp K}yk; naA;Fk; kpd;tpsf;Ffs;

xt;bthU 500 kPl;lh; bjhiyt[f;Fk; kiHePh; Brfhpg;g[ trjp

bly;yp – kPul; nilBaahd gaz Beuk; btFthf Fiwa[k;

bly;ypapy; khR 27% Bghf;Ftuj;J behpry; 41% Fiwa[k;.

vtbu!;l; ne;jpa thdpiy Ma;t[ ikak; - xg;ge;jk;:-

kf;fSf;F thdpiy vr;rhpf;if mDg;g bjhiybjhlh;g[ epWtdkhd BSNL cld;

ne;jpa thdpiy Ma;t[ ikak; xg;ge;jk; bra;Js;sJ.

Kj;uh jpl;lk; - 12 Bfho BgUf;F, U}.6 yl;rk; Bfho fld; mspg;g[

Kj;uh jpl;lj;jpd;fPH; 12 Bfho BgUf;F, U}.6 yl;rk; Bfho fld;

mspf;fg;gl;oUg;gjhf gpujkh; Bkho bjhptpj;Js;shh;.

Kj;uh jpl;lk;:-

rpW, FW epWtdA;fSf;F bjhHpy; fld; mspg;gjw;F „gpujk ke;jphp Kj;uh Bah$dh‟

vDk; jpl;lj;ij gpujkh; Bkho 2015k; Mz;L Vg;uy; 8k; Bjjp bjhlA;fp itj;jhh;.

MUDRA – Micro Units Development & Refinance Agency Ltd

Me;jpu khepy mjpfhug;g{h;t rpd;dA;fs; mwptpg;g[:-

Me;jpu muR khepyj;jpd; mjpfhug;g{h;t rpd;dA;fis mwptpj;Js;sJ. mit

khepy kuk; : Btg;g kuk; (Neem)

khepy tpyA;F: gpshf; gf; (Black Buck)

khepy kyh; : ky;ypif (Jasmine)

khepy gwit: fpsp (Rose – ringed Parakeet


26

rh;tBjrk;

rf;jp#hpkhBth – 2018:-

ne;jpa uhZtk; (k) kByrpa uhZtk; nilapyhd #hpkhBth rf;jp 2018 vd;w

uhZtg;gapw;rp Vg;uy; 30 (nuz;L thu gapw;rp) md;W Bfhyhk;g{hpy; bjhlA;fpaJ.

brh;gpa FoauR Jiz gpujkh; - ne;jpah tUif

brh;gpa FoauR ehl;od; Jiz gpukh; kw;Wk; btsptptfhu Jiw mikr;ruhd “ntpfh

Blrpf;” 4 ehs; Rw;Wgazkhf ne;jpah te;Js;shh;.

nu&pahtplkpUe;J “S-400 ouak;g;” Vt[fizfs; thA;f xg;ge;jk ;

nu&pahtplkpUe;J U}.40,000 Bfhoapy; “S-400 ouak;g;”uf Vt[fizfis ne;jpah

thA;ft[s;sJ.

S-400 ouak;g; Vt[fiz, vjphpehl;L tpkhdA;fs;, Vt[fizfs; kw;Wk; Mspy;yh

tpkhdA;fis 400fp.kP bjhiyt[f;F mg;ghy; tHpkwpj;J mHpf;fk; ty;yik cilaJ.

I.eh ghJfhg;g[ rigapd;, 2019-2020 Mz;Lf;fhd, epue;jkw;w cWg;gpdh;

gjtpf;fhd Bghl;oapypUe;J n!;Bu ehL tpyf;fp bfhz;Ls;sJ.

mbkhpf;f ehl;oy; trpj;J tUk; ne;jptk;rhtspia Brh;e;j jPgh mk;Bgj;fh; vd;w bgz;

epa{ahh;f; efu rptpy; Bfhh;l;L ePjpgjpahf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

rPdhtpy;, xBu Beuj;jpy; 1374 oBuhd; tpkhdA;fis gwf;ftpl;L thdpy; tz;z

rhfrk; epfH;j;jg;gl;lJ. nJ fpd;d!; rhjidapy; nlk;bgw;Ws;sJ.

Mrpa cs; fl;likg;g[ KjyPl;L tA;fp – cWg;gpdh;fshf “bfd;ah – gg;g[th,

epa{fpdpah” nizg;g[: (AIIB)

Mrpa ehLfspd; cs;fl;likg;g[ gzpfSf;F Bjitg;gLk; epjpia ne;j tA;fp

tHA;Fk;. ne;jpah, rPdh Bghd;w Kf;fpa ehLfs; nize;J cUthf;fpa[s;sd.

njd; jiyikaplk; - rPdhtpd; bga;$pA;

njpy; 86 ehLfs; cWg;gpdufshf cs;sd.


27

Jiz FoauR jiyth; btA;fa;aeha[L “ft[jkkhyh, gdhkh,bgU‟ Mfpa ehLfspy;

Rw;Wg;gazk;:-

Jiz FoauRj;jiyth; btA;fa;a eha[ 5 ehs; Rw;Wgazkhf ft[jkkhyh, gdhkh,

bgU Mfpa bjd; mbkhpf;f ehLfspy; Bk-5-12 tiu Rw;Wg;gazk; Bkw;bfhs;fpwhh;.

ft[jkkhyh ehl;L $dhjpgjp $pk;kp bkuBy!;, gdhkh ehl;L $dhjpgjp $Pthd;

fhh;Byh!; tBuyh, bgU ehl;od; $dhjpgjp khh;od; tp!;fhuh MfpBahiu re;jpj;J

Bgr cs;shh;.

rpWePuf bry; Muha;r;rp – Bguhrphpah; jh#ph; cBrd;:-

cly; gUkdhy; rpWePuf ghjpg;g[ kw;Wk; rpWePuf vhpr;ry; Vw;gLtij fl;LgLj;Jk;

rpWePuf bry;fis Ma;t[ bra;j mbkhpf;f ne;jpa Bguhrphpah; jh#ph; cBrd;

mth;fSf;F Bjrpa Rfhjhu epWtdj;jpd; rhh;gpy; 16 yl;rk; lhyh; cjtpj;bjhif

fpilj;Js;sJ. nth; rpwePufj;jpy; AT2R vd;w gpujk; nUg;gij Ma;tpy;

fz;lwpe;Js;shh;.

ne;jpah – Beghsk; nilBa „Beuo BgUe;J‟ Brit

ne;jpahtpd; mBahj;jpah gFjpiaa[k;, Beghsj;jpd; $hdf;g{h; gFjpiaa[k; nizf;Fk;

ne;j BgUe;J Brit uhkhaz rh;f;fpa{l; jpl;lj;jpd; fPH; gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho,

Beghs gpujkh; &h;kh xyp MfpBahh; nize;J bjhlf;fp itj;jdh;.

rPdhtpd; nuz;lhtJ tpkhdk; jhA;fp Bghh;f;fg;gy; - Type 001A

rPdehl;od; nuz;lhtJ tpkhdk; jhA;fp Bghh;f;fg;ggy; “Type 001A” Brhjid Xl;lk;

bjhlA;fpaj. nJ 2020-y; fg;gw;gilapy; nizf;fg;glt[s;sJ. rPdhtpd; Kjy;

tpkhdk; jhA;fp Bghh;f;fg;gy; “yBahdpA;” 2012y; flw;gilapy; nizf;fg;gl;lJ.

cyfpd; VG rpfuA;fspy; Vwp “!;oy; gpbsa;d;” fhjid

M!;jpBuypahit Brh;e;j !;Ot; gpbsad; vtbu!;l; cs;spl;l cyfpd; caukhd VG

rpfuA;fis 117 ehl;fspy; mile;J g[jpa fhjid bra;Js;shh;.

braw;if czt[fis mfw;Wk; “REPLACE‟ vd;w jpl;lk ;

REPLACE vd;gjd; tphpthf;fk;: REVIEW, PROMOTE, LEGISLATE, ASSESS, CREATE,

ENFORRCE.


28

cyf Rfhjhu mikg;g[ (WHO), 2023k; Mz;ow;Fs; cyf mstpy;

bjhHpy;rhiyfspy; cw;gj;jp bra;ag;gLk; braw;if czt[fis KGikahf mfw;w

REPLACE vd;w jpl;lj;ij mwpKfg;gLj;jpa[s;sJ.

ne;jpah – Nf;tpBlhhpa fpdpah nilBa K}ypif brofs; Jiw xg;ge;jk;

ne;jpaht[f;Fk; Nf;tpBlhhpa fpdpaht[f;Fk; nilBa K}ypif brofs; Jiwapy;

xj;JiHg;g[f;fhf bra;J bfhs;sg;gl;Ls;s xg;ge;j;jpw;F gpujkh; eBue;jpuBkho

jiyikapyhd kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

ne;jpah bkhuhf;Bfh nilBa rl;lj;Jiw bjhlgh;ghd g[hpe;Jzut[ xg;ge;jk;

rl;lj;Jiwapy; ne;jpah kw;Wk; bkhuhf;Bfh ehLfs; nilBaahd g[hpe;Jzh;t[

xg;ge;jj;jpw;F kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

ne;jpah Rhpehk; nilBa Bjh;jy; Bkyhz;ik kw;Wk; eph;thfj;Jiw xg;ge;jk;

Bjh;jy; Bkyhz;ik kw;wk; eph;thfj;Jiwapy; xj;JiHg;g[f;fhd ne;jpah Rhpehk;

ehLfspilBa xg;ge;jj;jpw;F kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

btspa[wt[ nizaikr;rh; tp.Bf.rpA; tlbfhhpah muRKiw gazk;:-

kj;jpa btspa[wt[ niz mikr;rh; tp.Bf.rpA; muRKiw gazkhf tlbfhhpah

brd;Ws;shh;. tlbfhhpah ehl;L Jiz mjpgh; fpk; BahA;Bla; mth;fis tp.Bf.rpA;

re;jpj;Js;shh;.

gpuhe;jpa murpay; r{Hy;, bghUshjhuk;, fy;tp, fyhr;rhu xj;JiHg;g[ Fwpj;J nU

jug;gpYk; tpthjpf;fg;gl;lJ. 20 Mz;LfSf;F gpwF ne;jpah – tlbfhhpah nilBa

eilbgWk; re;jpg;g[ nJthFk;.

fhA;Bfh ehl;os; kPz;Lk; gut[k; - vBghyh itu!; Beha;

tpyA;Ffsplk; nUe;J kdpjh;fSf;F gut[k; vBghyh Beha; capUf;F Mgj;ij

Vw;gLj;Jk;, vBghyh itu!; Beha; Kjypy; 2013-k; Mz;L Mg;hpf;f ehLfspy;

gutpaJ. 2016 tiu ne;Behahy; 11 Mapuj;Jf;Fk; Bkw;gl;Blhh; gypahfpdh;.

ng;BghJ ne;Beha; fhA;Bfh ehl;oy; gut bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.


29

I.eh. efukakhf;fy; Fwpj;j Ma;twpf;if 2018:-

cyfstpy; efukakhf;fy; Fwpj;j Ma;twpf;ifia, I.eh. bghUshjhu kw;wk; rK{f

tptfhuA;fs; Jiw btspapl;ls;sJ.

cyfstpy; 55% Bgh; efh;g[wA;fspy; trpf;fpd;wdh;. 2050ny;, nJ 68%, Mf cau

tha;g;g[s;sJ.

2050 ny; ne;jpahtpy; efh;g;g[w kf;fs; bjhif vz;zpf;if 41 Bfhoahf caUk;.

cyf mstpy; kf;fs; bjhif mjpfKs;s ehLfs; gl;oay; 2018

1. Blhf;fpBah ($g;ghd;)

2. bly;yp (ne;jpah)

3. #hA;fha; (rPdh)

2028k; Mz;ow;Fs; cyfstpy; mjpf kf;fs; bjhif mjpfKila efuA;fs; fl;oapy;

bly;yp Kjyplk; gpof;fk;.

kf;fs; bjhif mjpfhpj;J tUk; efuAfs; cila ehlfs; - 2018

1. ne;jpah

2. rPdh

3. ie$Phpah

epa{ahh;f; fhty; Jiwapy; Kjd;Kiwahf jiyg;ghifa[ld; ne;jpa tk;rhtspia

Brh;e;j Fh;Brhr; ft[h; vd;w rPf;fpa bgz; gzp mkh;j;jg;gl;L cs;shh;.

#hA;fha; mikg;gpd; fyhr;rhu mikr;rh;fspd; khehL Bk 17,2018 md;W rPdhtpd;

rhd;ah efhpy; eilbgw;WJ.

gpk;!;blf; mikg;g[:-

6$Pd;, 1997-y; ghA;fhA; gpufldj;jpd; K}yk; cUthdJ. jyikaplk;: lhf;fh

njpy; gA;fhsBjrk;, ne;jpah, g{lhd;, Beghsk;, kpahd;kh;, nyA;if kw;Wk; jha;yhe;J

Mfpa ehLfs; cWg;gpdh;fshf cs;sd.

gpk;!;blf; mikg;gpd; 2018 MtJ Mz;ow;fhd khehL Beghsj;jpy;

eilbgwt[s;sJ.

#hA;fha; mikg;g[:-

#hA;fha; mikg;gpy; fle;j 9 $Pd; 2017 md;W ne;jpah KG cWg;gpduhf

nize;jJ.


30

nt;tikg;gpd; jiyikaplk; rPdhtpd; gP$PA; efhpy; mike;Js;sJ. jw;Bghija bghJ

brayuhf u&pj; mypBkht; cs;shh;.

cWg;g[ ehLfs; :- rPdh, u&pah, f$f!;jhd;, c!;bgfp!;jhd;, fphp$p!;jhd;

j$pfp!;jhd;, ne;jpah, ghfp!;jhd;.

ne;jpah – nA;fpyhe;J ehLfSf;fpilBa tzpf cwit Bkk;gLj;jpaikg;g[f;fhf

nA;fpyhe;J – Mrpah tzpf tpUJfs; tHA;Fk; tpHhtpy; ne;jpa tk;rhtsp

bjhHpyjpgh; !;tuh$; ghy; mth;fSf;F thH;ehs; rhjid tpUJ tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

nth; Caparo Group of industries vd;w epWtdj;ij JtA;fp elj;jp tUfpwhh;.

ne;jpa ghukghpa kUj;Jt Jiwai mikf;f xj;JiHg;g[ tHA;f:-

ne;jpah kw;Wk; bfhyk;gpah nilBaahd g[hpe;Jzh;t[ xg;ge;jk; ifbaGj;jpl gpujkh;

Bkho jiyikapyhd kj;jpa mikr;ruit xg;g[jy; mspj;Js;sJ.

ne;jpah – tpal;ehk; flw;gil Tl;Lg;gapw;rp VINBAX – 2018

ne;jpah – tpal;ehk; nilBa KjyhtJ flw;gil Tl;Lg;gapw;rp tpal;ehk; ehl;od;

Od;rh JiwKfj;jpy; Bk 21 Kjy; 25 tiu eilbgWfpwJ. ne;jpah rhh;gpy; INS

r#haj;hp, INS fBkhh;lh, INS rf;jp Mfpa fg;gy;fs; gA;Bfw;fpd;wd.

epytpd; nUz;l gf;fj;ij Muha[k; rPdhtpd; „Fa{fpah‟braw;ifBfhs ;

rPd tpz;btsp Muha;r;ro epiyak;, Bk 21 md;W „Fa{fpah‟ vd;w braw;if Bfhis

epytpd; nUz;l gf;fj;ij Muha;r;rp bra;tjw;fhf brYj;jpa[s;sJ.

g{kpapypUe;J 4.5yl;rk; bjhiytpy; cs;sre;jpudpdl nuz;lhtJ Bfhs; nJthFk;.

CMS ne;jpa epWtdk; btspapl;Ls;s CHy; Ma;t[ - 2018:-

CMS ne;jpah vd;w epWtdk; CHy; epiwe;j khepyA;fs; Fwpj;J „CHy; Ma;t[ 2018‟

vd;w jiyg;gpy; 13 khepyA;fspy; 11 muR Brit Jiwfspy; Ma;t[ elj;jpaJ.

mjpy; Kjy; K}d;W nlA;fis gpoj;j khepyA;fs;,

1. jkpH;ehL

2. bjYA;fhdh

3. Me;jpug;gpuBjrk;


31

mUzhryg;gpuBjr vy;iyapy; rPdhtpd; jA;fr; RuA;fk;:-

mUzhryg;gpuBjr vy;iyabahl;o „Y]d;Br‟ vd;Wk; gFjpapy; rPd muR jA;f

RuA;fk; Bjhz;o tUfpwJ. nA;F 60 gpy;ypad; mbkhpf;f lhyh;fs; (U}.4 yl;rk;

Bfho) mstpw;F jA;fk;, bts;sp kw;Wk; tpiya[h;e;j cByhf jhJf;fs; g{kpf;Fs;

nUg;gjhf bjhpate;Js;sJ.

gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho – nu&pa mjpgh; g[jpd; re;jpg;g[:-

gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho Bk 21 md;W nu&pa ehl;od; flByhu efuhd Brhr;rp

efhpy;, nu&pa mjpgh; tpsokph; g[jpid re;jpj;J Bgr;R thh;j;ij elj;jpdhh;.

mugpf;flypy; g[jpa g[ay; „BkFD‟

mugpf;flypy; Vld; tisFlhtpy; fhw;wGj;j jhH;t[ gFjp g[ayhf mugpf;flypy;

khwpa[s;sJ. g[jpa g[aYf;F „BkFD‟ vd;w itf;fg;gl;ls;sJ.

2018 – r{h;a fpuz; Tl;L nuhZt gapw;rp:-

ne;jpah kw;Wk; Beghsk; nuhZtj;jpdh; nize;J gA;Bfw;Fk; 13tJ Tl;LuhZt

gapw;rp “r{h;a fpuz; 2018” ng;gapw;rp Bk 31 Kjy; $Pd; 12 tiu cj;jufhz;l;

kheyk; gpBjhufhh; gFjpapy; eilbgWfpwJ. mjpy; nUehLfs; rhh;ghf jyh 300

tPuh;fs; fye;J bfhs;fpd;wdh;.

2018 cyf Rw;Wyh jyA;fs; gl;oaypy; jh$;kfhy; 6tJ nlk;:-

ohpg; ml;itrh; vDk ; jdpahh; mikg;g[ „gazpfs; mjpf tpUk;g[k; cyfpd; Kf;fpa

Rw;Wyh jyA;fs; bjhlh;ghf Ma;t[ xd;iw elj;jpaJ. mjpy; ne;jpahtpd; jh$;kfhy;

6tJ nlj;ij gpoj;Js;sJ.

Kjy; K}d;W nlA;fs;:-

1. fk;Bghoah – mA;Bfhh;thl;

2. gpshrh o vs;gdh - !;bgapd;

3. B$f; iraj; kr{jp – mg[jhgp


32

2018 Bghl;oj;jpwd; bghUshjhuk; gl;oay; - ne;jpah 44tJ nlk;

rh;tBjr Bkyhz;ik Kfhikj;Jt mgptpUj;jp (International Institute for Management

Development) vd;w mikg;g[ btspapl;Ls;s Bghl;oj; jpwd; bghUshjhu ehLfs;

gl;oapypy; ne;jpah 44tJ nlj;ij bgw;Ws;sJ.

juthpir ehLfs; gl;oay;:-

1.mbkhpf;fh

2. rpA;fg;g{h;

3. bejh;yhe;J

4. Rtpl;rhh;e;J

2018- kUj;Jt juk; kw;Wk; Rfhjhu mZfs; Fwpj;j gl;pay; - ne;jpah 145 tJ

nlk;

yhd;brl; njHpd; „cyfstpa Beha;fSf;fhd Rik‟ vd;w bgahpy; 195 ehLfspy;

ele;j Ma;tpy;, Rfhjhu mZfy; kw;Wk; kUj;Jt jug; gl;oaypy; ne;jpah 145-tJ

nlk; bgw;Ws;sJ.

juthpir ehLfs;:-

1. ehh;Bt

2. bejh;yhe;J

3. yf;rk;gh;f;

4. gpd;yhe;J

5.M!;jpBuypah

„tA;fBjr gtd; mUA;fhl;rpafk;‟ – jpwe;J itg;g[

Bkw;F tA;fk; gph;gk; khtl;lk;, rhe;jp epBfjdpy; bray;gLk;, tp!;tghujp

gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpy;, tA;fBjrg; Bghh; bjhlh;ghd tuyhw;W MtzA;fis

ghJfhf;ft[k;, ne;jpah tA;fBjrk; cwit gpjpgypf;Fk; tifapy; tA;fBjr muR

rhh;gpy; U}.25Bfhoapy; „tA;fBjr gtd;‟ vd;w bgahpy; mUA;fhl;rpafk;‟

fl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ne;j „tA;fBjr gtd;‟ mUA;fhl;rpafj;ij gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho, tA;fBjr gpujkh;

B&f; #rPdh Bk 25 md;W jpwe;J itj;jdh;.


33

tlbfhhpahtpd; g[A;fpBa –hp mZ Ma[j Brhjid jsk; jfh;g;g[:-

tlbfhhpahtpd; xBu mZ Ma[j Brhjid jskhd g[A;fpBa – hp I Bk 24 md;W

btspehl;L gj;jphpf;ifahsh;fs; Kd;dpiyapy; bto itj;J jfh;j;Js;sJ.

mbkhpf;f mjpgh; ouk;g[k;, tlbfhhpahtpd; jiyth; fpk; B$hA; md;Dk; rpA;fg{hpy;

$Pd; 12 md;W re;jpj;J BgRtjhf mUe;jJ. ne;j re;jpg;ig mbkhpf;f mjpgh;

ouk;g; uj;J bra;Js;sJ.

ne;jpah –rPd vy;iyapy; etPd vr;rhpf;if fz;fhzpg;g[ mikg;g[ - rPdh

cUthf;fpa[s;sJ.

ne;jpa – rPd vy;iyapy;, vy;iyg; ghJfhg;g[ Bkyhz;ikia Bkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhf,

rPdhtpd; kf;fs; tpLjiy nuhZtk; bel;bthh;f; ika fz;fhzpg;g[ Bfkuh bfhz;l

g[jpa tifahd cgfuzA;fis cUthf;fp ne;jpa – rPd vy;iyapy; epWtpa[s;sJ.

ne;j g[jpa fz;fhzpg;g[ mikg;g[ ve;j mirt[ me;j gFjpfspy; ele;jhYk;

fz;Lgpof;Fk; jpwd; bfhz;lJ.

$py;$pl; gy;o!;jhd; - ghfp!;jhdpd; 5tJ khepykhf mwptpg;g[

ghfp!;jhdpd; Mf;fpukpg;g[ gh&;kPhpd; tlgFjpapy; cs;s $py;$pl; gy;o!;jhd; vd;w

gFjp, ghfp!;jhdpd; Ie;jhtJ khepykhf mA;fPfuj;J $py;$pl; gy;o!;jhd; 2018

vd;w cj;juit ghfp!;jhd; gpujkh; &hfpj;fhd; mg;ghrp gpwg;gpj;Js;shh;.

mah;yhe;J fUf;fiyg;g[ bra;a mDkjp:-

mah;yhe;J muR Bk 25 md;W bghJ thf;bfLg;g[ elj;jpaJ. fUf;fiyg;gpf;F

Mjuthf 66.4 rjtPjKk;, vjpuhf 33.6 rjtPjKk; thf;Ffs; gjpthdJ. mah;yhe;J

ehl;oy; fUf;fiyg;g[ bra;tjw;F mDkjp mspj;J rl;lk; naw;wg;glt[s;sJ. njd;go

12 thuk; Kjy; 24 thuk; tiuapyhd fUthy; jhapd; capUf;F Mgj;J BeUk;

vd;why; me;j fUit fiyf;Bf mDkjp fpilf;Fk;.

bejh;yhe;J gpujkh; khh;f; Ul;Bl ne;jpah tUif:-

bejh;yhe;J gpujkh; khh;f; U}l;Bl kw;Wk; bejh;yhe;J murp Bkf;!pkh MfpBahh;

muRKiw gazkhf ne;jpah te;Js;sdh;. nU ehLfSf;F nilapyhd gy;Bt

Wey;Ywt[fis gyg;gLj;JtJ bjhlh;ghf gpujkh; Bkho bly;ypapy; re;jpj;J

MByhrid elj;jpdh;.


34

gpujkh; Bkho rpA;fg;g{h;, ne;BjhBdrpah, kByrpah – muRKiwg;.

2018 Bk 29 Kjy; $Pd; 2 tiu gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho ne;BjhBdrpah, kByrpah,

rpA;fg;g{h; ehLfSf;F fpspg;Bghh;l; igah; gFjpapy; kfhj;kh fhe;jpapd; khh;gst[

rpiyia jpwe;J itf;fpwhh;. kfhj;kh fhe;jp kiwe;jBghJ mtuJ mA;jp

fiuf;fglg;l nlk; - nJthFk;.

ne;jpah – ghfp!;jhd; nilBa „Bghh; epWj;j cld;ghL‟

ne;jpa uhZt eltof;iffSf;fhd jiyik naf;Fdj; mdpy; rt[fhDk;,

ghfp!;jhd; uhZt eltof;iffSf;fhd jiyik naf;Fdh; rfph; &k;rj; kph;rht[k;

Bk 30 md;W bjhiyBgrpapy; „ #hl;iyd;‟ trjp K}ykhf Bgrpdhh;.

vy;iy fl;Lg;ghl;L BfhL, rh;tBjr vy;iy Mfpa nlA;fspy; cs;s epytuk; gw;wp

Ma;t[ bra;J 2003k; Mz;L bra;J bfhs;sg;gl;l Bghh; epWj;j xg;ge;jj;ij

KGikahf filgpog;gJ vd;Wk; nUjug;gpYk; Bghh; epWj;j kPwypy; NLgLtJ ny;iy

vd;Wk; cld;ghL Vw;gl;lJ.

ne;jpah – ne;BjhBdrpah nilBa xg;ge;jA;fs; - ifbaGj;J

gpujkh; eBue;jpu Bkho fpHf;F Mrpa ehLfshd ne;BjhBdrpah, kByrpah, rpA;fg;g{h;

Mfpa ehLfspy; 5 ehs; muR Kiwg; gazk; Bkw;bfhz;Ls;shh;. Bk 30 md;W

ne;BjhBdrpa mjpgh; B$hBfh tpBlhBlhit jiyefh; $fhh;j;jhtpy; re;jpj;J

Bgrpdhh;.

Xg;ge;jA;fs;:-

2025 Mz;Lf;Fs; nU ehLfspd; th;j;jfj;ij 50 gpy;ypad; mbkhpf;f lhyh;fshf

cah;j;JtJ, uhZtk;, fly; rhh; ghJfhg;g[ kw;Wk; bghUshjhuk; Mfpatw;wpy;

xj;JiHj;J bray;gLtJ Mfpa xg;ge;jA;fs; ifbaGj;jhapd.

khehL

15-tJ btspehLthH; ne;jpah; jpdk; - thuzhrp

2019 k; Mz;L $dthp 21.23 tiu cj;jpugpuBjr khepyk; thuzhrpapy; eilbgWk;

15tJ btspehL thH; ne;jpah; jpd bfhz;lhl;lA;fs; gpujkh; Bkho (k) bkhhp&pa


35

gpujkh; gputPd; $Pf;ehj; g[jpa ne;jpahit cUthf;Ftjpy; btspehLthH; ne;jpah;fspd;

gA;F.

9tJ ne;jpah - $g;ghd; nilapyhd vhprf;jp Bgr;Rthh;j;ij

g[Jbly;ypapy; Bk 1 md;W eilbgw;w khel;oy; nUjug;g[ vhprf;jp xj;JiHg;g[,

gUtepiykhw;wk; Fwpj;J tpthjpf;fg;gl;lJ.

6tJ mbkhpf;f – ne;jpah thd;btsp gaz TLif –

9 Bk, 2018 md;W Kk;igapy; eilbgw;wJ. ne;j TLifahdJ ne;jpa cs;ehl;L

tpkhd Bghf;Ftuj;J mikr;rfk; kw;Wk; mbkhpf;f tzpfk; kw;Wk; tsh;r;rp Kfik

Mfpatw;why; elj;jg;gl;lJ.

#hA;fha; mikg;gpd; Rw;Wr;r{Hy; mikr;rh;fs; khehL:-

#PBg khfhzj;jpy; 9.5.2018 md;W eilbgw;wJ. ne;jpah rhh;ghf Rw;Wyh Jiw

mikr;r;h; Bf.B$.my;Bghd;!; gA;F bgw;whh;.

ne;jpah – bjd; Mg;gphpf;fh tzpf khehL:-

bjd; Mg;hpf;fhtpd; B$h#d;gh;f; efhpy; 29,30 Vg;uy; 2018 md;W eilbgw;wJ.

2018 Mk; Mz;ow;fhd I.eh. fhyepiy khehL:-

mbkhpf;fhtpYs;s epa{ahh;f; efhpy; eilbgWk; vd If;fpa ehLfsit

mwptpj;Js;sJ.

kh!;Bfhtpy; cyf mwptpay; khehL:-

fhh;y; khh;f;!; vGjpa „K}yjdk;‟ E]y; btspte;J 150 Mz;Lfs; epiwtile;jija[k;,

Bk5, 2018 Bjjp mtuJ 200 tJ gpwe;j ehis bfhz;lhLk; tifapy; u&pa

fk;a{dp!;l; fl;rpa[k;, mf;fl;rpapd; ehlSkd;w FGt[k; nize;J, „khh;f;!pd;

K}yjdKk; cyf tsh;r;rpapd; kPjhd mjd; jhf;fKk;‟vDk; jiyg;gpy; Bk11, 12

md;W khehL elj;jpaJ.

njpy; ne;jpahtpy; nUe;J ne;jpa fk;a{dp!;l; rhh;gpy; o.uh$h gA;Bfw;W „khh;f;!Pk;

ne;jpaht[k;‟ vDk; jiyg;gpy; ciuahw;wpdhh;.


36

2018 rh;tBjr buapy; bgl;o fz;fhl;rp – brd;id

ne;jpa uapy;Bt rhh;gpy; brd;id ICF epWtdj;jpd; , uapy;Bt ghJfhg;g[ gil

ikjhdj;jpy; Bk 17 Kjy; 19 tiu “rh;tBjr uapy; bgl;o fz;fhl;rp (International

Rail Coach Expo, IRCE – 2018) ne;jpahtpByBa Kjy; Kiwahf eilbgw;wJ.

g[j;jJwtp 19 tJ F&hf; gFyh upd;Bghr;rpd; Ehw;whz;L gpwe;j ehs; tpHh.

fh&;kPu; khepyk; By efupy; ele;j g[j;j Jwtp 19 tJ F&hf; gFyh upd;Bghr;rpd;

Ehw;whz;L gpwe;j jpd tpHhtpy; gpujku; Bkho Bk 19 md;W gA;Bfw;whu;.

BASIC mikg;g[ Rw;WR{Hy; mikr;ru;fs; khehL:

26 tJ “BASIC” mikg;g[ ehLfspd; “fhyepiy khw;wk;” bjhlu;ghd, Rw;Wr;R{Hy;

mikr;ru;fs; khehL, bjd;dhg;gpupf;fhtpd; lu;gd; efupy;, 2018 Bk 20 md;W

eilbgw;wJ.

ne;jpah rhu;gpy; Rw;Wr;R{Hy;Jiw mikr;ru; lhf;lu; #u;rtu;jd; gA;Bfw;whu;.

“BASIC” mikg;g[, 2009 etk;gu; 28 bjhlA;fg;gl;lJ.

Mrpahd; ne;jpa jpiug;gl tpHh 2018:

2018 Mrpahd; ne;jpa jpiug;gl tpHh, Bk 25 md;W kj;jpa jfty; kw;Wk;

xspgug;g[j;Jiw mikr;ru; uh$;gtu;jd; rpA; uhj;Bjhu; bjhlA;fpitj;jhu; 11

ehLfspy; nUe;J 32 jpiug;glA;fs; btspaplg;gLfpd;wd.

2018 #hA;fha; mikg;g[ gpuhe;jpa gaA;futhj vjpu;;g;g[ Tl;lk;, ghfp!;jhd;:

#hA;fha; xj;JiHg;g[ mikg;g[ - gpuhe;jpa gaA;futhj vjpu;g;g[ (SCO – RATS) Tl;lk;,

ghfp!;jhd; ehl;od; n!;yhkhghj; efupy; Bk 23 md;W bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

(SCO – RATS) Tl;lk; : Kjy;Kiwahf ne;j Tl;lk; ghfp!;jhdpy; eilbgWfpwJ.

ne;jpah, rPdh, f$f!;jhd;, fpu;fp!;jhd;, u&;ah, j$pfp!;jhd;, c!;bgfp!;jhd; kw;Wk;

ghfp!;jhd; Mfpa vl;L cWg;g[ ehLfs; gA;Bfw;Ws;sdu;.

SCO – RATS – Shanghai Cooperation organization – Regional Anti – Terrorist Structure:


37

cyf fhw;W cr;rp khehL 2018 – b$u;kdp, #k;gu;f;

b$u;kdp ehl;od; #k;gu;f; efupy; 2018 brg;lk;gu; 25 – 28 Bjjpfspy; KjyhtJ

cyf fhw;W cr;rp khehL eilbgwt[s;sJ. nk;khehl;oy; cyfstpy; 100 ehLfis

Bru;e;j fhw;W bjhHpy;Jiwapdu; gA;Bfw;fpd;wdu;.

UNWTO epiwBtw;Wk; FG Tl;lk; 2018 – rhd; brgh!;oad;, !;bgapd;:

!;bgapd; ehl;od; rhd; brgh!;oad; efupy; 2018 Bk 23 Kjy; 25 tiu UNWTO

epiwBtw;Wf;FGtpd; 108-tJ Tl;lk; eilbgw;wJ. nf;Tl;lj;jpy; kj;jpa Rw;Wyhj;Jiw

mikr;ru; Bf.b$. my;Bghd;!; ne;jpah rhu;gpy; gA;Bfw;whu;.

tpUJfs;

bgz;fs; bghUshjhu kd;wj;jpd; „rpwe;j bgz;zpw;fhf tpUJ‟ Md;kpf

BritfSf;fhf ep&h gy;yh‟vd;gtUf;F tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

kUj;Jt Muha;r;rpfhf khztp tp$aFkhh; uhftpf;F rpAfg;g{h; muR tpUJf;F

Bjh;e;bjLf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

KISS kdpjhgpkhd tpUJ 2018 – Kfk;kJ a{D!;

Behgy; ghpR bgw;w tA;fhBjr bghUshjhu epg[zh; Kfk;kJ a{D!; mth;fSf;F

2018-k; Mz;ow;fhd “fypA;fh rK}f mwptpay; fHfj;jpd; kdpjhgpkhd tpUJ‟

tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2018 epf;fp Mrpah ghpR : lhf;lh; gpe;Bj!;th; gjf ;”

$g;ghdpd; bghpa Clf epWtdA;fspy; xd;whd epf;fp epWtdk;, Mrpahtpd;

tsh;r;rpf;fhd gA;fspg;gpw;fhf “epf;fp Mrpah ghpR” tHA;FfpwJ.

2018 – epf;fp Mrpah ghpr – K}d;W BgUf;F tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

1. lhf;lh; gpe;Bj!;th; gh;f; (ne;jpah)

2. Kd; $Pd; (rPdh)

3. E]FBad; jhA;ypk; (tpal;ehk;)

2018 REDINK tpUJ – rh; tpy;ypak; khh;f;ly;yp)

K}j;j nA;fpyhe;J gj;jphpf;ifahsh; kw;Wk; Kd;dhs; BBC ne;jpah epUgh; tpy;ypak;

khh;f;ly;yp mth;fSf;F 2018 – REDINK tpUJ tHA;fg;gLfpwJ.


38

Kk;ig gj;jphpf;if rA;fk; rhh;gpy;, REDINK tpUJfs; tHA;fg;gLfpwJ.

nJ njHpay; Jiwf;fhd thH;ehs; rhjid tpUJ MFk;.

2018 IBuhg;gpa a{dpad; rpwg;g[ tpUJ bgw;w mkpjhg; gr;rd;:

ne;jp jpiug;gl eofu; mkpjhg; gr;rd; mtu;fSf;F IBuhg;gpa a{dpad; rhu;ghf,

ne;jpah – IBuhg;gpa fyhr;rhuA;fs; Bkk;gLk; tifapy; gzpahw;wp ghykhf

tpsA;fpajw;fhf ne;j rpwg;g[ tpUJ IBuhg;gpa Jhjuf mjpfhupfshy; Kk;igapy;

tHA;fg;gl;lJ.

2018 Mk; Mz;od; o$pl;ly; jiytu; tpUJ:

Me;jpu gpuBjr jfty; bjhHpy;El;gk;, gq;rhaj;J uh$; kw;Wk; fpuhkg;g[w Bkk;ghl;L

mikr;ru; ehu ByhBf&;f;F tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

nuhZt Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; Bkk;ghl;L epWtd tpUJfs; 2016,2017(DRDO)

2016 – Mz;ow;fhd o.Mu;.o.X thH;ehs; rhjidahsu; tpUJ – tp.Bf.ru!;tjp

2017 – Mz;ow;fhd o.Mu;.o.X thH;ehs; rhjidahsu; tpUJ – jpU thRBjt;

fy;Fz;Bl Mj;Bu.

2018 Bfd;!; ru;tBjr gltpHh:

gpuhd;rpy; 2018 ru;tBjr Bfd;!; gltpHh ele;J te;jJ. Rpwe;j eofu; tpUJ –

nj;jhyp eofu; khu;bry;Byh Bghd;Bl(jpiug;glk;:lhf;Bkd;) rpwe;j eoif tpUJ –

f$!;jhd; eoif rky; (jiug;glk;: ikypl;oy; xd;)

2018 IBuhg;gpa “Bfhy;ld; &P” tpUJ.

2018 Mk; Mz;od; “yh ypfh bjhlupy; ghu;rpByhdh mzpf;fhf tpisahLk;

“ypBahbdy; bk!;rp” Bfhy;ld; &P tpUij btd;Ws;shu;.

IBuhg;gh fz;lj;jpy; Mz;LBjhWk; fhy;ge;J yPf; bjhlu;fspy; mjpf Bfhy;fs;

mof;Fk; tPuUf;F nt;tpUJ tHA;fg;gLk;.

“Bfhy;ld; &P “ tpUij Ie;J Kiw ypBahbdy; bk!;rp btd;Ws;shu; (2010,

2012,2013,2017,2018)


39

2017- 2018 k; Mz;Lf;fhd TK uhkehjd; tpUJ – gpu$Bd&; Fd;Bd!;tud;:

Bk 19 md;W SDAT bld;dp!; muA;fpy; eilbgw;w jkpH;ehL bgd;dp!; ra;fj;jpd;

Mz;LtpHhtpy;, bld;dp!; tpisahl;L tPuu; gpu$Bd&; Fd;Bd!;tuDf;F, 21017-18

Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd TK uhkehjd; tpUJ tHA;fg;gl;lJ uhkehjd; fpU&;zzhy; jdJ

je;ijapd; epidthf epWtg;gl;l nt;tpUJ, U}.30,000 buhf;fg;gupir cs;slf;fpaJ.

Charity Clarify tpUJ – ne;jpahtpd; $f;upjp ahj;uh bjhz;L epWtdk;:

Bk 18 md;W yz;ldpy; eilbgw;w K}d;whtJ tUlhe;jpu Asian Voice Charify tpUJfs;

tHA;Fk; epfH;tpy;, Noizaw;w jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaikf;fhf Ne;jpahtpd; $f;upj;

ahj;uh vd;w bjhz;L epWtdk; „Charity clarity’ tpUjpid btd;wJ.

BRICS tu;j;jf mikg;gpd; “thH;ehs; rhjidahsu; tpUJ”.

eoifBjtpf;F mtuJ kiwt[f;F gpd;du; tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2018 ru;tBjr g[f;fu; gupR tpUJ – “xy;fh Blhf;fhu;f;!;fp”

Bghyp!; vGj;jhsu; “Xy;fh Blhf;fhu;f;!;f;” mtu;fSf;F 2018-Mz;ow;fhd

ru;tBjr g[f;fu; gupR “g;isl!;” vd;w g[jpdj;jpw;fhf tHA;fg;gLfpwJ.

2017 ehup rf;jp g[u!;fhu; tpUJ – INSV jhupzp flw;gil bgz;fs; mjpfhupfs;FG.

nt;tpUJ kfspu; kw;Wk; FHe;ijfs; Bkk;ghl;L mikr;ru; Bkdfh fhe;jp mtu;fshy;,

g[Jbly;ypapy; tHA;fg;gl;lJ cyfpd; ehd;F fz;lA;fs;, K}d;W fly;fs;, Ie;J

ehLfis Rw;wp te;J Bk 21 md;W Bfhth, gdh$papy; gazj;ij Koj;jdu;.

CEAT Mz;od; rpwe;j ru;tBjr fpupf;bfl; tPuu; tpUJ – tpuhl;Bfhyp Bju;t[

CEAT epWtdk; tHA;Fk; Mz;od; rpwe;j ru;tBjr fpupf;bfl; tPuUf;fhd tpUJf;F,

ne;jpa fpupf;bfl; mzp Bfg;ld; tpuhl; Bfhyp mtu;fs; Bju;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;shu;.

2018 rA;Bjhf;gh kdpjhgpkhd tpUJ bgw;w „iryh&; rj;ahu;j;jp‟

2018 Mz;ow;fhd rA;Bjhf;gh kdpjhgpkhd tpUJ mikjpf;fhd Behgy; gupR bgw;w

ifyh&; rj;ahu;j;jp mtu;fSf;F, F$uhj; khepyk; R{uj;jpy; FoauRjiytu; mtu;fs;

tpUija[k;, U}.1 Bfho gupira[k; tHA;fpdhu;.


40

epakdk ;

$k;K – fh&;kPh; Jiz Kjyikr;ruhf ftPe;jh; Fg;jh (ghujPa $djh fl;rp)

gjtpBaw;Ws;shh;. ntUf;F khepy fth;dh; vd;.vd;. Bthuh gjtp gpukhzKk;, ufrpa

fhg;g[ gpukhzKk; bra;J itj;jhh;.

jkpH;ehL tf;|g[ thhpa jiytuhf „ md;th; uh$h (M.P) Bjh;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

gj;jphpf;if jfty; mYtyfj;jpd; (PIB) Kjd;ik naf;Feh; - rpjhd;&Pfh;

kj;jpa murpd; 27-tJ Kjd;ik jfty; bjhlh;g[ mjpfhhp kw;Wk; g[Jbly;yp

gj;jphpf;if jfty; mYtyfj;jpd; jiyik naf;Feuhf rpjhd;&P- fh; Bk 1 md;W

gjtpBaw;whh;.

ehlhSkd;w bghJ fzf;FFGtpd; jiyth; - ky;ypfhh;$Pd; fhh;Bf

ky;ypfhh;$Pd; fhh;Bf, 22 cWg;gpdh;fis bfhz;l bghJ fzf;F FGtpd; jiytuhf

kPz;Lk; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

bghJ fzf;Ff; FG vd;gJ ne;jpa ehlhSkd;wj;jhy; ne;jpa murpd; bryt[fis

jzpf;if bra;a mikf;fg;gLk; FGthFk;.

ne;jpaf; fhg;gPL xGA;fhw;W kw;Wk; tsh;r;rp Kfikapd; IRDAI g[jpa jiyth; - Rgh&;

re;jpu Fe;jpah:-

ne;jpa fg;gPL xGA;fhw;W kw;Wk; tsh;r;rp Kfikapd; g[jpa jiytuhf Rgh&; re;jpu

Fe;jpah gjtpBaw;Ws;shh;. ntuJ gjtpfhyk; - 3 Mz;Lfs;.

kzpg;g{h; khepy MSeuhf “$fjP!; Kfp” epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

gq;rhg; kw;Wk; #hpahdh cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jiyik ePjpgjpahf ePjpaurh;

V.Bf.kpl;ly; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

15tJ epjpf;FGtpd; KGBeu cWg;gpduhf mBrhf; yfphp epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

murpayikg;g[ tpjp 280d; go kj;jpa – khepy muRfSf;fpilBa thp gfph;it gw;wp

TWtBj njd; Kf;fpa gzpahFk;.

2018 cyf BuhBgh khehL – rPdh:-

2018 Mk; Mz;Lf;fhd cyf BuhBgh khehL, rPdj; jiyefu gpfpA; efhpy;, 2018

Mf!;l; 15 Kjy; 19 tiu eilbgWfpwJ.


41

khepyA;fhit tpjpfs; kWMa;t[f;FG – tp.Bf. mf;dp Bfhj;jhp FG

ehlhSkd;w khepyA;fsit tphpfis kW Ma;t[ bra;a FG xd;iw khepyA;fsit

jiyth; btA;fa;a eha[L, tp.Bf. mf;dpBfhj;hp jiyikapy; 2 Bgh; FGit

mikj;Js;shh;.

kByrpa gpujkuhf „kfhjph; KfkJ‟ gjtpBaw;g[:

kByrpahtpy; 92 taJ epuk;gpa Kd;dhs; gpujkh; „kfhjph; KfkJ‟ gpujkuhf

gjtpBaw;Ws;shh;. cyfpd; kpft[k; tajhd gpujkh; vd;w bgUikia bgw;Ws;shh;.

Bfhyhk;g{h; muz;kidapy; kd;dh; Ie;jhk; Ry;jhd; KfkJ mtUf;F gjtpg;gpukhzk;

bra;J itj;jhh;.

kzpg;g{h;, Bkfhyhah khepy cah;ePjpkd;w jiyik ePjpgjpfs; - epakdk;

kzpg;g{h; khepy cah;ePjpkd;w jiyik ePjpgjpahf ePjpgjp uhkypA;fk; Rjhfh;

epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

Bkfhyhah khepy cah;ePjpkd;w jiyik ePjpahf ePjpgjp KfkJ ahTg;kph;

epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

Xkd; ehl;ow;fhd g[jpa J]juhf „KD k#hth;‟ ne;jpa btspa[wt[j;Jiw

mikr;rfj;jhy; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

Byhf;ghy; Bjh;t[f;FG cWg;gpduhf KFy; Buhj;jfp epakdk;

murpd; cah; gjtpfspy; nUg;Bghhpd; CHy; tHf;Fis tprhhpf;f Byhf;ghy; mikg;g[

Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. Byhf;ghy; mikg;gpd; cWg;gpdh;fis Bjh;t[ bra;a[k; Bjh;t[ FGtpy;

KFy; Buhj;jfp epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;. ne;j FGtpw;F gpujkh; jiyik tfpg;ghh;.

yypj;fyh mfhlkpapd; jiytuhf „cj;jk; gr;rhh;Bd‟ epakdk ;

yypj;fyh mfhlkpapd; jiytuhf cj;jk; gr;rh;Bdit FoauR jiyth;

epakpj;Js;shh;. cj;jk; gr;rhh;Bd 3 Mz;LfSf;F gjtpapy; nUg;ghh;.

Bfhy; ne;jpah epWtdj;jpd; jiyik Bkyhz;ik naf;Feu;: Mf mdpy; Fkhu; $h

epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shu; bghJj;Jiw epWtdkhd Bfhy; ne;jpah epWtdj;jpd;

jiyikaplk; fy;fj;jh efupy; cs;sJ.


42

Bjrpa beLq;rhiyfs; Mizaj;jpd; jiytu;. Mf a{j;tPu; rpA; khypf;

epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shu;. F$uhj; MSeu; Xk; gpufh&; Bfhyp mtu;fSf;F kj;jpa

gpuBjr khepyj;jpd; MSeuhf TLjy; bghWg;g[ tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ

btdpRyh mjpgu; - epf;Bfhy!; khFBuh

btdpRyh ehl;od; mjpgu; Bju;jypy; 60 rjtPj thf;Ffs; bgw;W epf;Bfhy!; khJBuh

btw;wp bgw;whu;.

mbkupf;f CIA tpd; Kjy; bgz; naf;Feuhf „$pdh B#!;bgy;” bghWg;Bgw;g[.

2018 Jg;ghf;fp RLk; Bghl;o eLtu; FGj;jiytu; ne;jpau; „gtd; rpA;‟

2018 cyf Jg;ghf;fp RLk; Bghl;o b$u;kdpapy; Kdpr; efupy; elf;fpwJ. njpy; gtd;

rpA; eLtu; FGj;jiytuhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shu;.

mbkupf;f CIA tpd; Kjy; bgz; naf;F Feuhf „$pdh B#!;bgy;” bghWg;Bgw;g[.

ne;jpa gpu!; ft[d;rpy; jiytuhf Xa;t[ bgw;w ePjpgjp “rp.Bf.gpurhj;” – epakdk;.

Xorh, kpBrhuk; khepyA;fSf;F g[jpa MSeu;fs; epakk;.

Xorh MSeuhf “fBz&pyhy;” epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shu;.

ntu; mupahdh khepy ghujPa $djh Kd;dhs; jiytu; Mthu;.

kpBrhuk; khepy MSeuhf “fBz&p yhy;” epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shu; ntu; Bfus khepy

ghujPa $djh jiytu; Mthu;.

ghfp!;jhd; nilf;fhy gpujkuhf „ePjpgjp erPu; cy; Ky;f;‟ epakdk;.

ghfp!;jhd; ehl;od; nilf;fhy gpujkuhf cau;ePjpkd;w Kd;dhs; jiyik ePjpgjp

„erPu; cy; Ky;f;‟ epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shu;. ghfp!;jhdpy; $Piy 25-e; Bjjp ghuhSkd;w

Bju;jy; eilbgWfpwJ.

ne;jpa gj;jpupifahsu; rA;f jiytuhf „mku; Bjt[yg;gs;sp‟ Bju;t [

ne;jpa gj;jpupifahsu; rA;fj;jpd; jiytuhf mku; Bj&yg;gs;sp kw;Wk;

bghJr;brayhsuhf rgpdh ne;jpu $pj; Bju;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;shu;.


43

upru;t; tA;fpapd; Kjy; jiyik epjp mYtyuhf Rjh ghyfpU&;zd; epakdk;.

Rjh ghyfpU&;zd; mtu;fs;, ne;jpa upru;t; tA;fpapd; Kjy; jiyik epjp mYtyuhf

epakdk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;shu;.

Bjrpa ghJfhg;g[ Jiz MByhrfuhf gA;f$; ruz; epakdk;:

Bjrpa ghJfhg;g[ Jiz MByhrfuhf gA;f!; ruz; mtu;fs; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shu;.

mLj;j 2 Mz;LfSf;F gA;f$; ruiz kj;jpa mikr;ruitf;fhd epakdf; FG

epakpj;Js;sJ. Bjrpa ghJfhg;g[ Jiw MByhrfuhf „m$pj; Bjhthy;‟ cs;shu;.

mHfg;gh gy;fiyf;fHf g[jpa JizBte;juhf vd;. uhB$e;jpud; epakdk;.

jkpH;ehL fhiuf;Fo mHfg;gh gy;fiyfHfj;jpd; g[jpa Jiz Bte;juhf lhf;lu;

vd;.uhB$e;jpud; mtu;fis jkpH;ehL MSeu; gd;thupyhy; g[Buhfpj; epakdk;

bra;Js;shu;.

tpisahl;L

Mrpa gS J]f;Fjypy; ehkf;fy; khztpf;F jA;fk;:-

uh$!;jhd khepyk; cja;g;g{hpy; fle;j 1k; Bjjp Kjy; 6k; Bjjp tiu eilbgw;w

Mrpa mstpyhd gS J]f;Fjypy; 47 fpByh vil gphptpy; ehkf;fy; - I Brh;e;j

fkyp, 350 fpByh vil J]f;fp Kjyplk; bgw;Ws;shh;.

ilkz;l; yPf; jlfsk; - ePu$; Brhg;uh g[jpa rhjid:-

Blh#htpy; eilbgw;w ilkz;l; yPf; jlfs Bghl;oapy; ne;jpa tPuh; ePu$; Bfhg;uh

Nl;o vwpjypy; 87.43 J]uk; vwpe;J g[jpa rhjid gilj;Js;shh;.

mg[jhgp Xgd; - mg[jhgp !;Fth&; bghl;oapy; ne;jpahtpd; ukpl; lhz;ld; Kjy;epiy

tPuuhd vfpg;jpd; Xkh; mg;Jiy btd;W rhk;gpad; gl;lk; btd;whh;.

bjw;fhrpa $Pdpah; jlfs rhk;gpad; Bghl;o:-

bfhGk;g[tpy; eilbgw;w K}d;whtJ bjw;fhrpa $Pdpah; jlfs rhk;gpad; Bghl;oapy;

ne;jpah 20 jA;fk;, 22 bts;sp, 8 btz;fyj;Jld; Kjyplj;ij bgw;Ws;sJ.


44

J]g;ghf;fp RLjy; juthpir:-

ne;jpa tPuh; &!hh; hp!;tp Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; 10kP. Vh;gp!;ly; juthpirg; gl;oaypy;

Kjyplk; bgw;Ws;shh;.

rh;tBjr bl!;l; juthpir:-

rh;tBjr fphpf;bfl; ft[d;tpy; (ICC) btspapl;Ls;s bl!;l; ehLfs; juthpir gl;oaypy;

Kjy; K}d;W nlA;fs; KiwBa ne;jpah, bjd; Mg;hpf;fh, M!;jpBuypah

nlk;bgw;Ws;sd.

Irprp xUehs; jutpir: nA;fpyhe;J Kjyplj;jpYk;, ne;jpah nuz;lhtJ nlj;jpYk;

cs;sJ.

Irprp o20 juthpir: ghfp!;jhd; KjypYk;, ne;jpah K}d;whtJ nlj;jpYk; cs;sJ.

Xypk;gpf; gjf;fk; nyf;F jpl;lk;:-

Xypk;gpf; ne;jpa tPuh;fs; kw;Wk; tPuhA;fizfs; rpwg;ghf bray;gLtjw;fhf nejpa

tpisahl;Lj;Jiw mikr;fk; xypk;gpf; gjf;f nuf;F jpl;lk; (Target Olympic podium

Schem. TOPS) xd;iw cUthf;fpa[s;sJ.

njpy; jw;BghJ tiu 6 tPuh;/tPuhA;fidfis Brh;j;Js;sJ.

1. #pkh jh!; (Xl;lg;ge;jak;)

2. Et;$Pj; ftph; jpByhd; (tl;L vwpjy;)

3. Mfpy; &pBahud; (J]g;ghf;fp RLjy;)

4. nsBtdpy; tshpthd; (J]g;ghf;fp RLjy;)

5. uhf;fp #hy;lh; (gS J]f;Fjy;)

2018 cyf Bfhg;ig fhy;ge;J Bghl;o:-

2018 cyf Bfhg;ig fhy;ge;J Bghl;o (2018 FIFA World Cup) 2018 $Pd 14 Kjy;

$Piy 15 tiu nu&;a ehl;oy; Kjy; Kiwahf eilbgwfpwJ. mjpy; 32 ehLfs;

gA;Bfw;fpd;wd.

IPL Bghl;ofspy; 1000 ud;fs; vLj;j nsk; tPuh; - hp&g; ghz;l;

IPL Bghl;ofspy; 1000 ud;fs; vLj;j nsk; tPuh; vd;fpw rhjidia hp&g; ghz;Bl

20 tUlk; 2018 ehl;fspy; ne;j rhjidia gilj;Js;shh;.


45

2018 rh;tBjr Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; - b$h;kdp

b$h;kdpapd; #Bdhbth; efhpy; 2018 rh;tBjr Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; Bghl;o eilbgw;wJ.

mjpy; $Pdh rpj;J jA;fKk;, = epBtjh btz;fyKk; btd;wdh;.

cyf bld;dp!; juthpir – 2018

cyf bld;dp!; tPuh; - tPuhA;fidfspd; juthpirg;gl;oaiy rh;tBjr bld;dp!;

rk;Bgsdk; Bk 14 md;W btspapl;Ls;sJ.

Mz;fs; xw;iwah; gphpt[ juthpir:-

1. Buh$h; bgluh; (Rrpl;rh;yhe;J)

2. ubgy; elhy; (!;bgapd;)

rh;tBjr fphpf;bfl; ft[d;tpy; Bukdhf „&rhA; kBdhfh;‟ Bjh;t[

rh;tBjr fphpf;bfl; ft[d;rpypd; (ICC) jdpg;gl;l Brh;kdhf ne;jpahit Brh;e;j

„&rhA;‟ kBdhfh;‟ kPz;Lk; Bjh;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;.

fphpf;bfl;oy; „lh!;‟ BghLk; eilKiw – ePf;f ICC ghprPid

fphpf;bfl;oy; ve;j mzp Kjypy; Bgl; bra;tJ 1 ahh; Kjypy; ge;J tPRtJ vd;gJ

141 Mz;L fhykhf „lh!;‟ K}yk; jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

nij ePf;fptpl;L btspehl;L mzpapd; Bfg;lBd xt;bthU Bghl;oapYk; g[jpa jpl;lj;ij

mwpKfk; bra;ag;glt[s;sJ.

Mrpa ghl;kpz;ld; Tl;;likg;g[ Jizj; jiytuhf „#pke;j gp!;th rh;kh‟

Bjh;t[:- Mrpa ghl;kpz;ld; Tl;likg;g[ Jizj;jiytuhf ne;jpahtpd; #pke;j

gp!;th!p rh;kh Bjh;t[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;shh;. jw;BghJ ne;jpa ghl;kpz;ld; rk;Bksdj;

jiytuhf #pke;j gp!;th rh;kh cs;shh;.

Mf;fp ne;jpah mikg;gpd; jiytuhf uh$pe;ju rpA; epakdk;:

Mf;fp ne;jpah mikg;gpd; g[jpa jiytuhf uh$pe;ju; rpA;; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;shu;. ntu;

ne;jpa Mf;fp mzpapd; Kd;dhs; tPuUk;, rPdpau; Jizj;jiytuhf nUe;jtu;.


46

fpupf;bfl; $pk;ghg;Bt fpupf;bfl; mzp gapw;rpahsuhf “yhy;re;j; uh$;g[j;” xg;ge;jk;

$pk;ghg;Bt ehl;L fpupf;bfl; mzpapd; nilf;fhy gapw;rpahsuhf ne;jpa mzpapd;

Kd;dhs; tPuu; yhy;re;j; uh$;g[j; xg;ge;jk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;shu;.

jhk!; Bfhg;ig ghl;kpz;ld; Bghl;o 2018 – jha;yhe;J:

jhk!; Bfhg;ig ghl;kpz;ld; Bghl;ofs; jha;yhe;J jiyefu; gha;fhf; efupy; Bk 20

md;W bjhlA;FfpwJ.

nj;jhyp fhy;ge;J rhk;gpad; gl;lj;ij 13tJ Kiwahf btd;W $Pbtd;l!;

mzp rhjid gilj;Js;sJ. nk;Kiw Vrp kpyd; mzpapid nWjp Ml;lj;jpy;

$Pbtz;l!; mzp btd;Ws;sJ.

34 Mz;Lf;fhy rhjid – elhy;:

khl;upl; Xgd; bld;dp!; Bghl;oapy; btw;wp bgw;wjpd; K}yk; $hd; bkf;fd;Buhtpd; 34

Mz;Lf;fhy rhjidia Kwpaoj;jhu; cyfpd; Kjy;epiy tPuu; u|Bgy; elhy;

fspkz; jiu bld;dp!; ikjhdj;jpy; mbkupf;fhtpd; $hd; bkf;fd;Buh bjhlu;e;J

49 brl;fis Ftpj;jpUe;jhu;. nr;rhjid 1984-Mk; Mz;L epfH;j;jpdhu;,

nr;rhjid elhy; Kwpaoj;J 50 brl;fis fspkz; jiuapy; Ftpj;jhu;.

rpwe;j bld;dp!; tPuu;fSf;fhd o.Bf.uhkehjd; tpUJ:

2018 jkpH;ehL bld;dp!; rA;fj;jpd; o.Bf.uhkehjd; tpUJ 2018, ne;jpa bld;dp!;

tPuu; gpu$;Bd&; fd;Bd!;tud;f;F tHA;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ne;jpahtpd; Kjy; “khw;W jpwdhspfSf;fhd Bjrpa tpisahl;L Bghl;ofs;”

kj;jpa murpd; „BfByh ne;jpah jpl;lj;jpd; fPH;‟ $Pd; - $Piy 2018 khjA;fspy;

fu;ehlfh khepyk; bga;fStpy; eilbgwt[s;sJ.

khl;upl; Xgd;: tpl;Blhth rhk;gpad;:

khl;upl; Xgd; bld;dp! K}d;whtJ Kiwahf rhk;gpad; gl;lk; btd;whu;.


47

ru;tBjr fpupf;bfl; ft[d;rpy; jiytu;:

ne;jpahtpd; &rhA;f; kBdhfu; nuz;lhtJ Kiwahf Bghl;oapd;wp Bju;t[

bra;ag;gl;Ls;shu;.

b$u;kd; fpsg;g[ld; jkpHf Blgps; bld;dp!; tPuu; rj;ad; xg;ge;jk;.

b$u;kdpapd; jiyrpwe;j fpsg;g[fspy; xd;whd Vf!;tp ud;btl;lu;!;Bgl;r; fpsg;gpy;

tpisahl jkpHfj;ijr; Bru;e;j rj;ad; xg;ge;jk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;shu;. ntu;, rkPgj;jpy;

eilbgw;w fhkd;bty;j; Bghl;oapy; 3 jA;fg;gjf;fa;fis btd;whu;.

Mrpa $PBlh rhk;gpad; Bghl;o – ne;jpah 2 jA;fk;:

bygdhd; ehl;oy; eilbgw;w Mrpa Bfll; $PBlh rhk;apd; Bghl;oapy; ne;jpah

tPuhA;fid v!; Buh#pdp Bjtp jggp Bjtp MfpBahu; jA;fg;gjf;fKk;, #up&;

btz;fyg; gjf;fKk; btd;whu;.

Blgps; bld;dp!;

2018 jha;yhe;J Xgd; Blgps; bld;dp!; ne;jpaht[f;F „bts;spg;gjf;fk;‟, ne;jpahtpd;

rj;ad; - rdpy; b&l;o niz bts;spg;gjf;fk; btd;Ws;sJ.

nj;jhypa Xgd; bld;dp!; Bghl;o:

uBgy; elhy; rhk;gpad; Buhkpy; eilbgw;w nj;jhyp Xg;gd; nWjpg; Bghl;oapy;

mbyf;rhz;lu; !;tBuit 6-1,1-6,6-3 vd tPH;j;jp rhk;gpad; gl;lj;ij uBgy; elhy;

btd;whu; elhy; 5 Kiw ek;gu;1 nlj;ij bgw;Ws;shu;.

2018 Mrpa Bfhg;ig Mf;fp (bgz;fs;): “bjd;bfhupah” rhk;gpad;

Bjd;bfhupahtpy; eilbgw;w, Ie;jhtJ Mrpa rhk;gpad;!; Bfhg;ig bgz;fs; Mf;fp

Bghl;oapd;, nWjp Ml;lj;jpy; ne;jpa mzpia 1- 0 vd;w Bfhy; fzf;fpy; tPH;j;jp

bjd;bfhupa mzp K}d;whtJ Kiwahf rhk;gpad; btd;wJ.

IBuhg;gpa jA;ff;fhyzpia btd;w fhy;ge;jhl;l tPuu; - yBahdy; bk!;!p

ghu;rpByhdh fpsg; mzpf;fhf tpisaho tUk; bk!;!p, ne;j 2017-2018 gUtj;jpy;

34 Bfhy;fSld; 68 jdpegu; g[s;spfisg;bgw;W mr;rhjidiag; gilj;Js;shu;


48

BkYk; mz;ikapy; eilbgw;w La Liga fhy;ge;J bjhlupYk; mjpf Bfhy;fis

moj;Js;shu;.

2018 IPL fpupf;bfl; Bghl;o nWjpg;Bghl;oapy; brd;id R{g;gu; fpA;!; mzp:

IPL fpupf;bfl; tuyhw;wpy; brd;id R{g;gu; fpA;!; mzp 7-tJ Kiwahf

nWjpg;Bghl;of;Fs; EiHe;Js;sJ.

ru;tBjr fpupf;bfl; Bghl;oapypUe;J Xa;t[ bgWtjhf bjd; Mg;gpupf;f fpupf;bfl; tPuu;

V.gp.o.tpy;ypau;!; (34 taJ) mwptpj;Js;shu;.

2018 cyf Bfhg;ig Jg;ghf;fp RLjy; Bghl;o Bj$!;tpdp jA;fg;gjf;fk;.

IPL fpupf;bfl; 2018: nWjpg;Bghl;of;F “Ijuhghj; mzp” jFjp

2018 IPL fpupf;bfl;: brd;id R{g;gu; fpA;!; mzp rhk;gpad;.

brd;id R{g;gu; fpA;!; mzp, Ijuhghj; rd;iuru;!; mzpia 8 tpf;bfl;

tpj;jpahrj;jpy; tPH;j;jp rhk;gpad; gl;lk; btd;wJ guprhf U}.20 Bfho tHA;fg;gl;lJ.

2018 gpuq;r; Xgd; bld;dp!; Bghl;o bjhlf;fk;:

„gpuq;r; Xgd; bld;dp!; bjhlu;” ghup!; efupy; Bk 27 md;W bjhlA;fpa[s;sJ.

2018 IBuhg;gpa rhk;gpad;!; yPf; fhy;ge;J “upay;khl;upl; mzp” rhk;gpad;.

2018 cBgu; Bfhg;ig Bgl;kpz;ld;: “$g;ghd; bgz;fs; mzp” rhk;gpad;.

2018 jhk!; Bfhg;ig Bgl;kpz;ld;:”rPd Mz;fs; mzp” rhk;gpad;.

2018 IPL Bghl;o – mjpf rpf;ru;fs; brd;id mzp rhjid:

2018 IPL Bghl;oapy; brd;id R{g;gu; fpA;!; mzp bkhj;jk; 145 rpf;ru;fs;

tpshrpaJ.xU rPrdpy; xU mzp moj;j mjpfgl;r rpf;ru;fs; nJthFk;.

2016k; Mz;oy; bgA;fSU uhay; Bfyq;ru;!; mzp 142 rpf;ru;fs; moj;jBj

rhjidahf nUe;jJ.

bl!;l; fpupf;bfl;oy; „lh!;‟BghLk; Kiw bjhlu; Kot[:

ru;tBjr fpupf;bfl; ft[d;rpy; (ICC) MByhrid bra;J te;jJ. ne;j epiyapy;

Kk;igapy; Fk;gpBs jiyikapy; Bew;W ele;j ICC fpupf;bfl; Bghl;oapy; „lh!;‟BghLk;

Kiwia tHf;fk; Bghy; bjhlUtJ vd;W Kot[ bra;ag;gl;lJ.


49

2018 Mrpa tpisahl;L Bghl;o – ne;BjhBdrpah

ne;BjhBdrpah ehl;od;, $fu;j;jh kw;Wk; gByk;gA;f; Mfpa efuA;fspy; 2018 Mk;

Mz;ow;fhd Mrpa tpisahl;L Bghl;o, 2018 Mf!;l; 18 Kjy; brg;lk;gu; 2 tiu

eilbgWfpwJ.

ne;BjhBdrpah Mrpa tpisahl;ow;fhd B$hjp Ve;jpr; bry;Yk; epfH;r;rp, $Piy 1

md;W bly;ypapy; bjhlA;FfpwJ.

2018 cyf Bfhg;ig fhy;ge;J Bghl;o: tPoBah cjtp eLtu; Kiw mwpKfk;.

2018 cyf Bfhg;ig fhy;ge;J Bghl;ofs;, $Pd; 14 Kjy;, nu&;ahtpy;

bjhlA;ft[s;sd. ng;Bghl;oapy; eLtu;fs; jtwhd Kot[fs; mspj;J tplhky; nUf;f

tPoBah cjtp eLtu; Kiw mwpKfk; bra;ag;gLfpwJ.

njd;go Mg;-irL, Bfhy;, bgdhy;o, rptg;g[ ml;il fhz;gpj;jy; Mfpatw;wpy;

eLtu;fs; Jy;ypakhf bray;gLfpwhu;fsh?

vd;gij bjhHpy;El;g cjtpa[ld; Muha[k; cjtp eLtu;fs; jtW ele;jhy; mJ

Fwpj;J cldoahf Bghl;o eLtUf;F jfty; bjuptpg;ghu;fs;. mjid cWjp bra;J

Bghl;o eLtu; jdJ nWjp Koit mwptpg;ghu;.

Kf;fpa jpdA;fs;

Bk -1 bjhHpyhsh; jpdk;

-1890-k; Mz;L rpfhBfh efhpy; Bk khjk; Kjy; Bjjp – I “Bk jpdk;” vd;W

mDrhpf;f KobtLf;fg;gl;lJ. njid bjhlh;e;J xt;bthU Mz;Lk; Bk-1

bjhHpyhsh; jpdkhf filg;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

Kjy; cyfg;BghUf;F gpwF bth;iry;!; cld;gof;ifg;go 1919-y; rh;tBjr

bjhHpyhsh; mikg;g[ bjhlA;fg;gl;lJ.

ne;jpahtpy; Kjy; Bk jpdk; bfhz;lhl;lk;.

bjd; ne;jpahtpy; Kjy; bghJt[ilik jiyth; vd;W miHf;fg;gLk; k. rpA;fhu

Btyh;, 1923 – y; Bk ehis bfhz;lhodhh;. ehl;od; Kjy; Bk ehs; bfhz;lhl;lk;

nJthFk;.

fUg;bghUs;:- rK}f (k) bghUshjhu Bkk;ghl;Lf;fhf bjhHpyhsh;fis

xUA;fpizj;jy;:-


50

cyf M!;Jkh jpdk; Bk 1

fUg;bghUs;:- Never too early, never too late. It’s always the right time to address airways

disease.

kfhuh&;ouh kw;Wk; F$uhj; khepyA;fs; cUthd jpdk; - Bk 1

1 Bk, 1960 md;W kfhuh&;ouh kw;wk; F$uhj; khepyA;fs; cUthfpd.

cyf r{iukPd; jpdk; - Bk 2

cyf gj;jphpf;if Rje;jpu jpdk; - Bk 2

fUg;bghUs;:- Keeping power in check: Media, Justice and the Rule of law

rh;tBjr jPaizg;g[ tPuh;fs; jpdk; - Bk 4

cyf Bfyp rpj;juf; fiyqh;fs; jpdk; - Bk 5

rh;tBjr jpl;l cztw;w jpdk; - Bk 6

cyf jlfs jpdk; - Bk 7

cyf brq;rpYit jpdk; - Bk 8

fUg;bghUs;:- cyfk; KGtjpYk; nUf;fk; epidt[Twj;jf;f rphpg;g[fs;

Bjrpa bjhHpy;El;g jpdk; Bk 11

ne;jpahtpy; Mz;LBjhWk; Bk 11 md;W, 1998 y; lhf;lh; APL mg;Jy;fyhk;

jiyikapy; btw;wpfukhf epfH;j;jg;gl;l bghf;uhd; mZFz;L Brhjidapd;

epidthf Bjrpa bjhHpy;El;g jpdk; bfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.

fUg;bghUs;:-epiyahd tsh;r;rpf;fhd mwptpay; kw;Wk; bjhHpy; El;gk;

cyf brtpypah; jpdk; - Bk 12

gpshud;!; iel;oA;Bfy; gpwe;jehshd Bk 12 cyf brtpypah; jpdkhf

filgpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

fUg;bghUs;:- “brtpypah;fs;, xU Kd;dzpf;fhd Fuy;, Rfhjhuk; xU kdpj chpik.

cyf nlk; bgah;f;Toa gwitfs; jpdk; - Bk 12

fUg;bghUs;: gwitfs; ghJfhg;gpw;fhd xUA;fpize;j ekJ Fuy;

rh;tBjr FLk;gA;fs; jpdk; - Bk 15

fUg;bghUs;:- FLk;gA;fs; kw;Wk; cs;slf;fpa rK}fA;fs;

cyf cah; uj;j mGj;j jpdk; Bk 17


51

Mz;LBjhWk; Bk 17 md;W, cyf cah; nuj;j mGj;j jpdk;

mDrhpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

cyf bjhiyj;bjhlh;g[ jfty; rK}f jpdk – Bk 17

fUg;bghUs;:- midtUf;fkhd braw;if Ez;zwpt[ Mf;fg;g{h;t gad;ghL

cyf va;l;!; jLg;g[ kUe;J jpdk; - Bk 18

ru;tBjr mUA;fhl;rpafk; jpdk; Bk 18

fUg;bghUs; : Hyperconnected museum: New approaches, New Publics

cyf BjdP jpdk; - Bk 20

I.eh. mikg;gpd; rhu;gpy; Mz;LBjhWk; Bk 20 cyf BjdP jpdkhf

bfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.

!;ByhBtdpahtpy; Bk 18 md;W gpwe;j md;ld; $hd;rh vd;gtu; etPd BjdP tsu;g;g[

El;gA;fspd; Kd;Bdhoahf jpfH;fpwhu;. ntuJ gpwe;j ehspd; epidthf cyf BjdP

jpdk; filgpof;fg;gLfpwJ.

ru;tBjr xsp jpdk; - Bk 16

ru;tBjr capupay; gd;Kfj;jd;ik jpdk; - Bk 22:

fUg;bghUs; 25 tUl gy;Yapu; eltof;iffSf;fhd bfhz;l.

cyf fyhrhu gd;Kfj;jd;ikf;fhd ciyahly; & Bkk;ghl;L jpdk; - Bk 21

cyf flyhik jpdk; - Bk 23

flyhikfspd; ghJfhg;g[ kw;wk; rl;ltpBuhj flj;jy; Fwpj;j tpHpg;g[zh;it

kf;fspilBa Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhf xt;Bthh; Mz;Lk; Bk 23 md;W cyf flyhikfs;

jpdk; filgpof;fg;gLfpwJ.

rh;tBjr mUA;fhl;rpaf jpdk; - Bk 18

fUg;bghUs;:- Hyper – connected Museums: New Approaches, New Publics:-

ne;jpefH;t[fs; mUA;fhl;rpaA;fspd; gd;dhl;Lg; Bguitapdhy; xUA;fpizf;fg;gl;L

elj;jg;gLfpd;wd.

rh;tBjr kfg;Bgwpay; |gp!;Jyh Kot[f;fhd jpdk; - Bk 23

rh;tBjr fhzhky; Bghd FHe;ijfs; jpdk; - Bk 25


52

I.eh. mikjp fhg;ghsh;fs; jpdk; - Bk 29

fUg;bghUs;: „I.eh mikjp fhg;gsh;fs;: 70 Mz;Lfs; Brita[k; 1948y; nUe;J

3700 f;Fk; mjpfkhd I.eh. mikjp fhg;ghsh;fs; jA;fs; cahpfis nHe;Js;sdh;.

nth;fSf;F kjpg;ig tHA;Fk; ehshf ne;j ehs; filgpof;fg;gLfpwJ.

g[ifapiy vjph;g;g[ jpdk; - Bk 31

cyf Rfhjhu epWtdk; 1987-y; Mz;L Kjy; Bk khjk; 31-e; Bjjpia g[ifapiy

vjph;g;g[ gw;wpa tpHpg;g[zh;it Vw;gLj;Jk; jpdkhf bfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.

kdpj nwg;g[fis Bjhw;Wtpf;Fk; Kf;fpa fhuzpfspy; g[ifapiy nuz;lhtJ nlj;jpy;

cs;sJ.

bghUshjhuk;

$p.v!;.o tR{y; U}.1 yl;rk; Bfho g[jpa rhjid:

elg;g[ 2018 -2019k; epjpahz;oy;, fle;j Vg;uy; khjj;jpy; $p.v!;.o K}yk;

U}.1,03,458 Bfho tUtha; Nl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ vd kj;jpa epjpaikr;ru; mUz; B$l;yp

mwptpj;Js;shu;.

mLj;j gj;J Mz;Lfspy; mjpf bghUshjhu tsu;r;rp mila[k; ehLfspd; gl;oaypy;

ne;jpah (7.9%) Kjyplj;jpy; cs;sJ vd #hu;tu;L gy;fiyfHfk; mwptpj;Js;sJ.

2018 – 2019 ny; ne;jpahtpd; tsu;r;rp 7.3% Mrpa tsu;r;rpt A;fp fzpg;g[:

2018 – 2019k; Mz;oy; ne;jpah Btfkhf tsUk; Mrpa ehlhft[k;, njd; tsu;r;rp

7.3% nUf;Fk; vd;W Mrpa tsu;r;rp tA;fp fzpj;Js;sJ. 2019 – 2020 ny; tsu;r;rp

7.6% Mf nUf;Fk; vd bjuptpj;Js;sJ

gztPf;fj;ij fzf;fpl mog;gil Mz;L 2017 – 2018 Mf epu;zapf;f jpl;lk;:

bkhj;j tpiy gztPf;fj;ij fzf;fpLtjw;fhd mLj;j mog;gil Mz;lhf 2017-

2018 k; Mz;il epu;zapf;f kj;jpa muR jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ jw;BghJ Kf;fpa

bghUshjhu FwpaPLfis fzf;fpLtjw;fhd mog;gil Mz;L 2011 – 12 Mf

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53

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ne;jpahtpd; elg;g[fzf;F gw;whf;Fiw, 2017 -18 k; Mz;oy; 8,061 Bfho lhyuhf

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Wealth Migration Review 2018 vd;w Ma;twpf;if bjuptpf;fpwJ.

8,230 gpy;ypad; mbkupf;f lhyu; kjpg;g[ld; ne;jpah MwhtJ

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55

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