Continuing Medical Education examination

Bridging immunity and lipid metabolism by gut microbiota

Instructions for category 1 Continuing Medical Education credit

The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology is accredited as a provider of Continuing Medical Education (CME) bythe Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education.

Test ID no.: mai00260Contact hours: 1.0Expiration date: July 31, 2014

Category 1 credit can be earned by reading the text material and taking this CME examination online. For complete instructions, visitthe Journal’s Web site at www.jacionline.org.

The Editors thank the University of California at Davis Allergy/Immunology training program for developing this CME examination.The individuals who contributed to its preparation were Kevin Farnam, MD, and Nancy Ekeke, MD, under the direction of SuzanneTeuber, MD.

Learning objectives: ‘‘Bridging immunity and lipid metabolism by gut microbiota’’

1. To understand the relationship between the microbiota, the immune system, and environmental influences.2. To identify proposed mechanisms by which metabolism affects the immune system.

CME items

Question 1. Antibiotic treatment for eradication of which of thefollowing bacteria has been associated with increased weightgain in an American population?

A. bifidobacteriaB. Helicobacter pyloriC. lactobacilliD. Escherichia coli

Question 2. Deficiencies in which of the following leads to in-creased fat mass and an altered gut microbiota inmousemodels?

A. IgAB. macrophagesC. B cellsD. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5

Question 3. Which of the following has been shown to cause aweight loss phenotype in germ-free animals?

A. isocaloric high-fat dietB. TLR5 deletionC. transplantation of microbiota from malnourished childrenD. TLR2 cell deletion

J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL

Question 4. Increased expression of TNF-a and activation ofnuclear factor kB in response to a high-fat diet has beendescribed in which part of the gut?

A. stomachB. ileumC. esophagusD. colon

Question 5. Which of the following might be involved in theincrease of fat mass in mice after use of low-dose antibiotics?

A. invariant natural killer cellsB. short-chain fatty acidsC. increased insulin sensitivityD. CXCL16

August 2013 263