““Broadband over Power Broadband over Power Lines”Lines”

Prepared byPrepared by

Muneer Al-MarhounMuneer Al-Marhoun

Abdulrazaq Al-dandanAbdulrazaq Al-dandan

OutlineOutline

DefinitionDefinition

Broadband networkBroadband network

AdvantagesAdvantages

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

ConclusionConclusion

BroadbandBroadband

What is Broadband (BPL)?What is Broadband (BPL)?

New technology that offers high speed Internet New technology that offers high speed Internet access service through electric outlets.access service through electric outlets.

BroadbandBroadband

BPL ModemBPL Modem

BroadbandBroadband

What is the idea of Broadband?What is the idea of Broadband?

Transmit data over the unused frequencies of the Transmit data over the unused frequencies of the power lines.power lines.

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

There are two proposals:There are two proposals:

1- In-House BPL 1- In-House BPL

2- Access BPL2- Access BPL

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

BPL uses power grid.BPL uses power grid.

Power grid consists of power lines, generators, Power grid consists of power lines, generators, substations, transformers and other distributors.substations, transformers and other distributors.

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

● Transmitting broadband through power gridTransmitting broadband through power grid

ProblemsProblems

1- High-Voltage Lines1- High-Voltage Lines

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

The range of high voltage is from 155,000 to The range of high voltage is from 155,000 to 765,000 volts.765,000 volts.

High voltages don’t have a constant frequency.High voltages don’t have a constant frequency.

High voltages cause degradation of signals.High voltages cause degradation of signals.

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

How can BPL overcome this problem?How can BPL overcome this problem?

BPL uses medium-voltage power lines.BPL uses medium-voltage power lines.

Medium-voltage lines is 7,200 volts.Medium-voltage lines is 7,200 volts.

Degradation is reduced.Degradation is reduced.

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

2- Degradation2- Degradation

Use repeaters on the transmission linesUse repeaters on the transmission lines

3- Transformers3- Transformers

Data can't pass through transformers.Data can't pass through transformers.

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network

BPL ProtocolsBPL Protocols

BPL suffers from high error rates.BPL suffers from high error rates.

CDMA and OFDM are used. CDMA and OFDM are used.

Broadband NetworkBroadband Network There are two conditions to implement MAC:There are two conditions to implement MAC:

1- The distance between nodes has no limits1- The distance between nodes has no limits

In this case, CSMA/CD is removedIn this case, CSMA/CD is removed

2- More than one node may send data at the same 2- More than one node may send data at the same time time

Here, CSMA/CA is usedHere, CSMA/CA is used

BPL AdvantagesBPL Advantages

● The backbone infrastructure already exists in the The backbone infrastructure already exists in the

form of the electric power grid:form of the electric power grid:

Low costLow cost

BPL AdvantagesBPL Advantages

● Power lines can reach every consumer:Power lines can reach every consumer:

homes in extremely remote areas.homes in extremely remote areas.

areas that cannot get DSL cable or wireless areas that cannot get DSL cable or wireless

broadband.broadband.

BPL AdvantagesBPL Advantages

● Bandwidth comparable to or better than DSL:Bandwidth comparable to or better than DSL:

2 Mbps up to 10 Mbps2 Mbps up to 10 Mbps

May be sufficient to support VoIPMay be sufficient to support VoIP

Doubled in the next generationDoubled in the next generation

BPL DisadvantagesBPL Disadvantages

● Standardization:Standardization:

There is not yet an IEEE standard for BPL.There is not yet an IEEE standard for BPL.

Single-carrier technologies (CDMA).Single-carrier technologies (CDMA).

Multicarrier modulations (OFDM).Multicarrier modulations (OFDM).

Some vendors’ BPL transceivers may interfere with Some vendors’ BPL transceivers may interfere with each other in high deployment rate.each other in high deployment rate.

BPL DisadvantagesBPL Disadvantages

● Security:Security:

Transmits on a shared medium (copper cable).Transmits on a shared medium (copper cable).

Many homes are connected to the same line.Many homes are connected to the same line.

Easier to hack sensitive data.Easier to hack sensitive data.

BPL DisadvantagesBPL Disadvantages

● Electric suppliers can have radial distribution Electric suppliers can have radial distribution

feeders that are many miles long:feeders that are many miles long:

Many signal regenerators or repeaters must be combined Many signal regenerators or repeaters must be combined in series to provide an acceptable performance.in series to provide an acceptable performance.

Many regenerators in series may cause a reliability issue. Many regenerators in series may cause a reliability issue. If a mid-stream device fails, all subscribers beyond that If a mid-stream device fails, all subscribers beyond that point will be out of service.point will be out of service.

BPL DisadvantagesBPL Disadvantages

● Power systems are inappropriate electromagnetic Power systems are inappropriate electromagnetic environments for broadband communications:environments for broadband communications:

Network characteristics and devices ( impedances, Network characteristics and devices ( impedances,

grounding, regulators, capacitors) can affect signal grounding, regulators, capacitors) can affect signal

strength and quality.strength and quality.

Nearby high frequency radiation sources may cause Nearby high frequency radiation sources may cause

high frequency noise that interferes with BPL.high frequency noise that interferes with BPL.

BPL DisadvantagesBPL Disadvantages

● Power systems are inappropriate physical Power systems are inappropriate physical environments for broadband environments for broadband communications equipment.communications equipment.

Equipment will be exposed to extreme Equipment will be exposed to extreme

weather.weather.

Equipment will be exposed to lightning.Equipment will be exposed to lightning.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Comparison ISDN DSL BPL

 Transmission

Media

 

Capacity

Connection

Availability

Reliability

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Comparison ISDN DSL BPL

 Transmission

Media

 

Twisted Pair Twisted Pair Electrical Power Lines

Capacity

Connection

Availability

Reliability

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Comparison ISDN DSL BPL

 Transmission

Media

 

Twisted Pair Twisted Pair Electrical Power Lines

Capacity128Kbps

also make and take telephone calls while online

1 Mbps Downstream, 256 Kbps Upstream

BPL now supports higher data rates such as 4-10 Mbps.

 

Connection

Availability

Reliability

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Comparison ISDN DSL BPL

 Transmission

Media

 

Twisted Pair Twisted Pair Electrical Power Lines

Capacity128Kbps

also make and take telephone calls while online

1 Mbps Downstream, 256 Kbps Upstream

BPL now supports higher data rates such as 4-10 Mbps.

 

Connection Dedicated Dedicated Shared

Availability

Reliability

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Comparison ISDN DSL BPL

 Transmission

Media

 

Twisted Pair Twisted Pair Electrical Power Lines

Capacity128Kbps

also make and take telephone calls while online

1 Mbps Downstream, 256 Kbps Upstream

BPL now supports higher data rates such as 4-10 Mbps.

 

Connection Dedicated Dedicated Shared

Availability On demand onlyNot all users are close enough to their end office to get DSL.

Power Grid is everywhere.

Reliability

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Comparison ISDN DSL BPL

 Transmission

Media

 

Twisted Pair Twisted Pair Electrical Power Lines

Capacity128Kbps

also make and take telephone calls while online

1 Mbps Downstream, 256 Kbps Upstream

BPL now supports higher data rates such as 4-10 Mbps.

 

Connection Dedicated Dedicated Shared

Availability On demand onlyNot all users are close enough to their end office to get DSL.

Power Grid is everywhere.

Reliability

Telephone network is generally more reliable than cable. It has power backup and continues to work normally even during power failures.

Telephone network is generally more reliable than cable. It has power backup and continues to work normally even during power failures.

If the power goes down, obviously no data will be sent.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Comparison ISDN DSL BPL

 Transmission

Media

 

Twisted Pair Twisted Pair Electrical Power Lines

Capacity128Kbps

also make and take telephone calls while online

1 Mbps Downstream, 256 Kbps Upstream

BPL now supports higher data rates such as 4-10 Mbps.

 

Connection Dedicated Dedicated Shared

Availability On demand onlyNot all users are close enough to their end office to get DSL.

Power Grid is everywhere.

Reliability

Telephone network is generally more reliable than cable. It has power backup and continues to work normally even during power failures.

Telephone network is generally more reliable than cable. It has power backup and continues to work normally even during power failures.

If the power goes down, obviously no data will be sent.