BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 474-2:1996

Earth-moving machinery — Safety —

Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers

The European Standard EN 474-2:1996 has the status of a British Standard

ICS 53.100

BS EN 474-2:1996

This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 July 1996

© BSI 07-1999

The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference B/513/1Draft for comment 93/102260 DC

ISBN 0 580 25867 X

Committees responsible for this British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant, and site safety, to Subcommittee B/513/1, Earth-moving machinery, upon which the following bodies were represented:

British Coal CorporationConstruction Plant (Hire Association)Federation of Civil Engineering ContractorsFederation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and CranesHealth and Safety ExecutiveInstitution of Civil EngineersSilsoe Research Institute

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date Comments

BS EN 474-2:1996

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Contents

PageCommittees responsible Inside front coverNational foreword iiForeword 2Text of EN 474-2 5List of references Inside back cover

BS EN 474-2:1996

ii © BSI 07-1999

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee B/513/1 and is the English language version of EN 474-2:1996 Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is one of a number of British Standards implementing European Standards on machinery safety matters, in the development of which the United Kingdom has played an active part.This British Standard covers the essential safety requirements in the Machinery Directive (89/392/EEC) and the Amending Directive (91/368/EEC).

Cross-references

Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard

BS EN 292 Safety of machinery. Basic concepts, general principles for design

EN 292-1:1991 Part 1:1991 Basic terminology, methodology

EN 292-2:1991 Part 2:1991 Technical principles and specifications

EN 474-1:1994 BS EN 474 Earth-moving machinery. Safety Part 1:1995 General requirements

ENV 1070:1993 DD ENV 1070:1993 Safety of machinery. Terminology

EN 25353:1988 BS 5631:1978 Specification for earth-moving machinery and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat index point

EN 60204-1:1992 BS EN 60204 Safety of machinery. Electrical equipment of machinesPart 1:1993 Specification for general requirements

ISO 3457:1986 BS 5945:1987 Specification for guards and shields for earth-moving machineryBS AU 50 Tyres and wheels

ISO 4250-2:1991 Part 1: TyresSection 3: Off-the-road tyresSubsection 3.2a:1991 Specification for narrow and wide base tyre loads and inflation pressures

ISO 5006-1:1991 BS 6911 Testing earth-moving machineryPart 5:1992 Determination of operator’s field of view

ISO 6014:1986 BS 5982:1987 Method for determination of ground speed of earth-moving machinery

ISO 6016:1982 BS 6300:1982 Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components of earth-moving machinery

ISO 6165:1994 BS 6914 Terminology (including definitions of dimensions and symbols) for earth-moving machineryPart 1:1988 Glossary of terms for basic types of earth-moving machinery

ISO 6393:1985 BS 6812 Airborne noise emitted by earth-moving machineryPart 1:1987 Method of measurement of exterior noise in a stationary test condition

ISO 6682:1986 BS EN ISO 6682:1995 Earth-moving machinery — Zones of comfort and reach for controls

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BS EN 474-2:1996

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A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard

ISO 6747:1988 BS 6914 Terminology (including definitions of dimensions and symbols)for earth-moving machineryPart 6:1989 Terminology for self-propelled crawler and wheel tractors and their equipment

Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, the EN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover.This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.

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EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

EN 474-2

February 1996

ICS 53.100

Descriptors: Earth-moving equipment, bull dozers, safety of machines, accident prevention, safety requirements, specifications

English version

Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers

Engins de terrassement — Sécurité — Partie 2: Exigences applicables aux bouteurs

Erdbaumaschinen — Sicherheit — Teil 2: Anforderungen für Planiermaschinen

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-11-03. CEN membersare bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations whichstipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of anational standard without any alteration.Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to anyCEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,German). A version in any other language made by translation under theresponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to theCentral Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland andUnited Kingdom.

CEN

European Committee for StandardizationComité Européen de NormalisationEuropäisches Komitee für Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

© 1996 All rights of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved to CEN and its members

Ref. No. EN 474-2:1996 E

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EN 472-2:1996

© BSI 07-19992

ForewordThis European Standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 151, Construction equipment and building material machines — Safety, of which the secretariat is held by DIN.This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).The Annex A is normative and contains “List of additional hazards” and Annex B is informative and contains “Illustrations”.EN 474 Earth-moving machinery — Safety comprises the following Parts:

— Part 1: General requirements;— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers;— Part 3: Requirements for loaders;— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders;— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators;— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers;— Part 7: Requirements for tractor-scrapers;— Part 8: Requirements for graders;— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers;— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers;— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors;— Part 12: Requirements for rope excavators.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 1996, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 1996.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom.

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EN 472-2:1996

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Contents

PageForeword 20 Introduction 51 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Definitions 63.1 Common definitions 63.2 Additional definitions 63.2.1 Tractor-dozer 63.2.2 Attachment 64 Safety requirements 64.1 Access to crawler machines 64.2 Operator’s station 64.2.1 Heating and ventilation system 64.2.2 Rear windows 64.2.2.1 Visibility 64.2.2.2 Protection 64.3 Operator’s protection 74.3.1 Roll-over protective

structure (ROPS) on derivated machinery 7

4.3.2 Fenders 74.4 Operator’s controls 74.4.1 Remote control 74.4.1.1 Control box 74.4.1.1.1 General requirements 74.4.1.1.2 Emergency stop 74.4.1.1.3 Controls 74.4.1.2 Selecting switch 74.4.1.3 Warning devices 74.4.1.4 Travelling 74.4.1.5 Instructions 74.5 Lighting, signalling and

marking lights and reflex-reflector devices 7

4.6 Tyres and rims 74.7 Airborne noise 84.8 Winch 84.8.1 Mounting 84.8.2 Controls 84.9 Attachment 84.9.1 Identification 84.9.2 Instructions 85 Warning signs and

hazard pictorials 8

Page6 Instruction handbook 8Annex A (normative) List of additional hazards — Tractor-dozers 9Annex B (informative) Illustrations 10Figure 1 — Location of measuring points 6Figure B.1 — Crawler tractor-dozer 10Figure B.2 — Wheel tractor-dozer 10Figure B.3 — Crawler tractor-dozer with plough 10Table 1 — Achievable sound power levels for airborne noise 8Table 2 — Attachment identification 8

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EN 472-2:1996

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0 IntroductionThis European Standard is a Type C-standard in the structure of A-/B-/C-standards as defined in EN 292-1:1991.The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard.

1 ScopeThis standard specifies additional requirements and/or exceptions from EN 474-1:1994 Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements.This standard applies to wheel and crawler tractor-dozers defined in ISO/DIS 6165:1994, and gives additional requirements for attachments and for derivated machinery.This standard deals with the significant hazards pertinent to tractor-dozers when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Annex A of this standard and Annex C of EN 474-1:1994).

2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated references, provisions from other publications. These nonnative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 474-1:1994, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements. ENV 1070:1993, Safety of machinery — Terminology. EN 25353:1988, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat index point. EN 60204-1:1992, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements. ISO 3457:1986, Earth-moving machinery — Guards and shields — Definitions and specifications.

ISO 4250-2:1991, Narrow and wide base off-road tyres and rims — Part 2: Loads and inflation pressures. ISO/DIS 4250-3:1993, Earth-mover tyres and rims — Part 3: Rims. ISO 4254-4:1990, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Technical means for ensuring safety — Part 4: Forestry winches. ISO 5006-1:1991, Earth-moving machinery — Operator’s field of view — Part 1: Test method. ISO 6014:1986, Earth-moving machinery — Determination of ground speed. ISO 6016:1982, Earth-moving machinery — Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and components . ISO/DIS 6165:1994, Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — Vocabulary. ISO 6393:1985, Acoustics — Measurement of airborne noise emitted by earth-moving machinery — Method for determining compliance with limits for exterior noise — Stationary test condition. ISO 6682:1986, Earth-moving machinery — Zones of comfort and reach for controls. ISO 6747:1988, Earth-moving machinery — Tractors — Terminology and commercial specifications. ISO 9244:1995, Earth-moving machinery — General principles for safety signs and hazard pictorials. ISO/DIS 9249:1995, Earth-moving machinery — Engine test code — Net power. ISO 10263-2:1994, Earth-moving machinery — Operator enclosure environment — Part 2: Air filter test. ISO 10263-4:1994, Earth-moving machinery — Operator enclosure environment — Part 4: Operator enclosure ventilation, heating and/or air-conditioning test method. ISO/DIS 10968:1993, Earth-moving machinery — Operator’s controls. ISO 12509:1995, Earth-moving machinery — Lighting, signalling and marking lights, and reflex-reflector devices.

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3 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this standard the definitions stated in ENV 1070:1993 apply.Additional definitions specifically needed for this standard are added below:

3.1 Common definitions

Terminology and commercial specifications for tractor-dozers are specified in ISO 6747:1988 and illustrated in Annex B of this standard.Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this standard are also valid for this standard.

3.2 Additional definitions

3.2.1 tractor-dozer

self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine, having either a dozing attachment which cuts, moves, and grades material through a forward motion of the machine, or mounted equipment used to exert a push or a pull forceNOTE A ripper may be connected to the rear part of the machine.

3.2.2 attachment

removable device (working tool) mounted either directly to the linkage or on an attachment bracket to fulfil the primary function of the machine or for a specific useExample: winch, blade, ripper.

4 Safety requirements4.1 Access to crawler machines

EN 474-1:1994, clause 4.1 applies with the following exceptions. An access step integrated in the track frame can be retracted up to 30 mm from the outer edge of the track shoe.

4.2 Operator’s station

4.2.1 Heating and ventilation system

If a heating and ventilation system according to EN 474-1:1994, clause 4.2.2.6, is required the following applies. The heating and ventilation system shall:

— either comply with ISO 10263-4:1994— or have the capacity of increasing the temperature of the air inside the cab and maintain a temperature of + 18 °C at prevailing ambient temperature. The minimum capacity of the heating system shall have a %T of 25 °C measured at – 10 °C ambient temperature.

Measurement of the system capacity shall be made at three points. The three points shall be located in a vertical plane through the SIP parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine as follows (see Figure 1):

— at filament position centre-point as defined in ISO 5006-1:1991;— at the SIP as defined in EN 25353:1988;— 100 mm above floor plate and 600 mm in front of the SIP.

Alternatively the heating capacity can be determined by calculation.The ventilation system shall be capable of providing the cab with filtered fresh air at the minimum of 43 m3/h. The filter should be tested according to ISO 10263-2:1994.NOTE The filter element selection depends on the operating environment conditions.

4.2.2 Rear windows

4.2.2.1 Visibility

EN 474-1:1994, clause 4.7.1, third paragraph, applies also for rear window(s) with the following provisions:

— arrangement to defrost the rear window(s) shall be made;— the rear window(s) shall be fitted with a motorized wiper and washer.

4.2.2.2 Protection

Provision shall be made to allow for protection when a rear-mounted winch or similar attachment is fitted.

Figure 1 — Location of measuring points

EN 472-2:1996

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Machines equipped with winches are subject to rope failure and shall be equipped with a screen mesh fabricated of steel wire material (woven welded) minimum diameter 6 mm wire mesh with a maximum clear mesh opening 45 mm × 45 mm or equivalent protection between the operator and winch. Such mesh shall be fitted to the machine independent of the ROPS (see 4.3.1).

4.3 Operator’s protection

4.3.1 Roll-over protective structure (ROPS) on derivated machinery

Tractor-dozers equipped with an attachment other than a dozing attachment shall have a ROPS (see EN 474-1:1994, clause 4.2.3) related to the maximum operating mass (see ISO 6016:1982) as specified by the manufacturer. When used as derivated machinery (e.g. plough, ripper), the maximum machine mass, which the ROPS structure meets, may be exceeded.

4.3.2 Fenders

Tractor-dozers without a cab shall have fenders which comply with ISO 3457:1986. Tractor-dozers with a maximum designed speed (see ISO 6014:1986) > 30 km/h shall be equipped with fenders that protect the operator’s station from debris ejected by the tyres if the risk exists.

4.4 Operator’s controls

Operator’s controls shall comply with ISO/DIS 10968:1993.The normal engine stopping device shall be within the zone of reach (see ISO 6682:1986).

4.4.1 Remote control

EN 474-1:1994, clause 4.4.2.6 applies with the following additions.

4.4.1.1 Control box

Activation of controls shall only be possible from a portable remote control box.The remote control box shall have a key switch for activating/deactivating the remote control.

4.4.1.1.1 General requirements

By design, the control box shall not obstruct the machine operator’s freedom of movement, and not be affected by impact and shock which could cause inadvertent machine movements.

4.4.1.1.2 Emergency stop

The remote control box shall be fitted with an emergency stop that fulfils the requirements of 10.7 of EN 60204-1:1992.

4.4.1.1.3 Controls

The control box shall have clearly marked directions of movements for the machine and its attachment and be safeguarded against unintentional actuation e.g. pushbuttons with protective collars. It shall be possible to lock the controls in the deactivated mode against unintentional or unauthorized actuation.

4.4.1.2 Selecting switch

A selecting switch shall be located at the operator’s station for selecting main or remote controlled mode.

4.4.1.3 Warning devices

When activated, a visual warning shall indicate to the bystanders that the machine is remote controlled and it shall be possible to operate the audible warning device of the machine from the control box.

4.4.1.4 Travelling

The machine travelling speed shall not exceed 10 km/h. When travelling, the attachment, steering and brake systems shall be remote controlled.

4.4.1.5 Instructions

The instruction handbook for remote controlled machines shall contain information about the safe distance from which the operator can control the machine with the control box.NOTE This standard does not prescribe technical design requirements for remote control systems.

4.5 Lighting, signalling and marking lights and reflex-reflector devices

EN 474-1:1994, clause 4.7.2 applies with the following additions.Lighting, signalling and marking lights and reflex-reflector devices shall comply with the appropriate clauses of ISO 12509:1995.

4.6 Tyres and rims

Tyre and rim manufacturers shall be consulted to determine if the tyre and rim are of sufficient strength (inflation pressure and load performance) for the intended operating conditions, see ISO 4250-2:1991.Rims shall be easy to identify (see e.g. ISO/DIS 4250-3:1993, clause 2).Instructions regarding safety rules, pressures, method of inflation and checking shall be provided in the instruction handbook.

EN 472-2:1996

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4.7 Airborne noise

EN 474-1:1994, clause 4.10.1 applies with the following addition:The sound power level of airborne noise shall be measured according to ISO 6393:1985. The targets for achievable sound power level are shown in Table 1.Table 1 — Achievable sound power levels for

airborne noise

NOTE Achievable sound power values do not constitute limit values of exposure for persons, but are the emission values from a machine under defined test conditions. They are not a barrier to innovation and they should not prevent the achievement of lower levels.

4.8 Winch

If a tractor-dozer is equipped with a towing winch, ISO 4254-4:1990 shall be used as a design guideline.

4.8.1 Mounting

The means for securing a winch to the machine structure shall be designed to withstand a force of twice the maximum line-pull that can be exerted by the rope.

4.8.2 Controls

The winch controls shall be located at the operator’s station and shall fulfil the requirements stated in ISO/DIS 10968:1993.

4.9 Attachment

The machine manufacturer shall define the range of attachments intended to be used with the machine and establish the criteria for the safe fitting and subsequent use of the attachment.

4.9.1 Identification

The attachment shall be permanently marked according to Table 2.

4.9.2 Instructions

Instructions concerning mounting and use shall be provided by the attachment manufacturer.

5 Warning signs and hazard pictorialsWarning signs and hazard pictorials should follow the general principles of ISO 9244:1995. They shall be made of durable materials.

6 Instruction handbookEN 474-1:1994, clause 5 applies with the following additions.The instruction handbook shall contain the following information:

— the need for a well-trained and competent operator;— the safety rules to be observed, in particular concerning the stability of the machine, its attachments and safe operation;— indication that the machine user shall determine if special hazards exist in his application, such as toxic gases, ground (underfoot) conditions etc., that require special precautions and that he shall take measures to eliminate or reduce the hazards.— the need for personal protective equipment;— the range of temperature in which the machine is intended to be operated and stored;— provisions for limiting proximity hazards.

NOTE More detailed instructions for use will be included in a future revision of this standard.

Table 2 — Attachment identification

Engine power P according to ISO/DIS 9249:1995

Achievable sound-power level

kW dB(A)/1pW

P k 70 106

70 < P k 160 108

160 < P k 350 113

350 < P k 700 118

P > 700 120

Required information Attachment manufacturer

Same as machine manufacturer

Other than machine manufacturer

Attachment manufacturer’s name or logotype Required Required

Type denomination (e.g. part number) Required Required

Mass (kg) Not requireda Required

Working circuit pressure (Pa); (if relevant) Not requireda Required

Capacity of the attachment (e.g. m2, m3); (if relevant) Not requireda Required

a See manufacturer’s machine documentation.

EN 472-2:1996

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Annex A (normative) List of additional hazards — Tractor-dozersThe list of hazards in Annex C of EN 474-1:1994 applies with the following additions:

Additional hazards Relevant clauses

EN 292-2:1991 Annex A

EN 474-2

20 Hazards due to mobility

20.1 Travelling functions 3.2.1 4.2.2.1

3.3.3 4.3.2

4.4

4.4.1.1.2

4.4.1.2

20.2 Powering functions 3.3.5

20.3 Operator’s position 3.2.1 4.2.1

3.5.3

20.4 ROPS 3.4.3 4.3.1

20.5 Remote control 3.3.3 4.4.1

20.6 Access 3.2.13.4.5

4.1

21 Hazards generated by inadequate lighting

21.1 Travelling area 3.1.2 4.5

21.2 Working area 3.1.2 4.5

22 Hazards caused by attachment and/or equipment 4.9.1

22.1 Winch 4.1.2.4 4.2.2.2

4.8

22.2 Controls 3.3.1 4.4

4.4.1

4.4.1.1

4.4.1.1.5

23 Hazards generated by lack of stability 3.4.3 6

24 Hazards generated by noise 1.5.8 4.7

25 Hazards generated by lack of warning signs 1.7.2 5

3.6.1

26 Hazards due to missing and/or incorrect instructions 1.7.4 4.4.1.3

3.6.3 4.6

4.9.2

6

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Annex B (informative) IllustrationsB.1 Crawler tractor-dozer

B.2 Wheel tractor-dozer

B.3 Derivated use (example)

Figure B.1 — Crawler tractor-dozer

Figure B.2 — Wheel tractor-dozer

Figure B.3 — Crawler tractor-dozer with plough

BS EN 474-2:1996

© BSI 07-1999

List of references

See national foreword.

BS EN 474-2:1996

BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4AL

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