BTEC

Unit 1: Principles

Chemistry

WALT:

Elements, mixtures and compounds

WILF:

Be able to give the definition and identify elements, mixtures and compounds

Elements, mixtures and compounds

PLTS: CREATIVE THINKING

What do you know about elements, mixtures and compounds....???

5 mins

Definitions

Elements

Mixtures

Compounds

A substance made up of only one type of atom

A substance made up of TWO or more types of atom chemically joined together

A substance made up of two types of atoms NOT joined together

TaskAre the following things elements, mixtures or compounds?1.

2.

3.

4.

5. Worksheet

Where can we find all of the elements?

The Periodic Table

Task

Colour the staircase on your periodic table and label where the metals and non-metals are.

Colour and label the different groups in the table.

Label the rows as periods and the columns as groups.

Demo

Group 1 – The Alkali Metals

Demo and Video

Important!

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties

Task

Are the following elements, metals or non metals?1. Calcium2. Argon3. Magnesium4. Strontium5. Nitrogen6. Bromine7. Polonium8. Arsenic9. Sodium10. Sulphur

Atomic Structure

Walt:

Atomic Structure

Wilf:

Describe the make up and atomic structure of different atoms

PLTS: CREATIVE THINKING

What do you know about atoms....???

5 mins

Atomic Structure

Diagram

Sub-atomic particle

Charge Mass

Note how small the nucleus is

Numbers

Mass Numbers – Complete tableElement

NameElement Symbol

Number of

Protons

Number of

electrons

Number of

NeutronsMg 12

Arsenic

Pt 78

Fermium Fm 157

F 9

Iron 26

Al

Mass NumbersElement

NameElement Symbol

Number of

Protons

Number of

electrons

Number of

NeutronsMagnesium Mg 12 12 12

Arsenic As 33 33 42

Platinum Pt 78 78 117

Fermium Fm 100 100 157

Fluorine F 9 9 10

Iron Fe 26 26 30

Aluminium Al 13 13 14

Isotopes

Definition

Atom of the same element with a different number of protons

Walt:

Electrons and the periodic table

Wilf:

Describe the arrangement of the periodic table in terms of electrons

Electrons and the periodic table

Electron ConfigurationShell Number of

Electrons

1 22 83 8

worksheet

Electrons and the periodic table

1. Write the electron shorthand for the elements, Lithium, Sodium and Potassium.

2. Write the electron shorthand for Beryllium, Magnesium and Calcium.

What do you notice about where they are in the periodic table and their electron arrangement?

The group number tells you how many electrons are present in the outside shell!!

How many electrons do the following elements have in their outside shell?

1. Carbon2. Strontium3. Iodine4. Sn5. Kr6. He

Equations

Walt:

Word and symbol equations

Wilf:

Be able to write word and symbol equations

Task

Burning magnesiumObservations:

Word Equation:

Symbol Equation:

Task

Burning ironObservations:

Word Equation:

Symbol Equation:

Acids.....

The pH Scale

Acid Rain and the uses of neutralisations

Acid + Metal ---> Salt + Hydrogen

Acids with metals

Acids with metals

Metal Observations Squeaky pop?

If we get a squeaky pop then Hydrogen is given off

ExampleMagnesium + Hydrochloric acid -> Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen

Zinc + Nitric acid -> Zinc Nitrate + Hydrogen

Lead + Sulphuric acid -> Lead Sulphate + Hydrogen

Acid Salt

Hydrochloric acid __________ chloride

Nitric acid __________ nitrate

Sulphuric acid __________ sulphate

1. Magnesium + Nitric acid ->

2. Zinc + Sulphuric acid ->

3. Lead + Hydrochloric acid ->

4. ________ + __________ -> Calcium Chloride + Hydrogen

5. Sodium + ___________ -> Sodium nitrate + Hydrogen

6. Potassium +__________ -> Potassium sulphate + _________

Carbonates with Acid

Acid + Metal Carbonate ---> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

How do we know the gas is carbon dioxide?

Metal oxides and Metal Hydroxides with Acid

Acid + Metal Oxide Salt + Water

Acid + Metal Hydroxide Salt + Water