Btech It Detail Syallabus

7/27/2019 Btech It Detail Syallabus

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Karnataka State Open University

Mysore,Karnataka 570006

In Association with VEDANT

Syllabus

For

Bachelor of Technology

Information Technology(B.Tech.-IT)


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Bachelors of Technology-Information Technology (B.Tech-IT)

Semester - I (Theory)CODE SUBJECT CREDITSBTITT11 Engineering Mathematics-I 2BTITT12 Engineering Physics-I 2BTITT13 Engineering Chemistry-I 2BTITT14 Computer Fundamental & Programming In C 4

BTITT15 Electrical Engineering 3BTITT16 Professional Communication 2BTITT17 Practical Lab - BTITT 14/15 2

Total Credits 17

Semester II (Theory)

CODE SUBJECT CREDITS

BTITT21 Engineering Mathematics-II 2BTITT22 Engineering Physics-II 2BTITT23 Engineering Chemistry-II 2BTITT24 Computer Aided Engineering Graphics 4BTITT25 Electronics Engineering 3BTITT26 Engineering Mechanics 2BTITT27 Practical Lab - BTITT 24/25 2

Total Credits 17

Semester III (Theory)

CODE SUBJECT CREDITSBTITT31 Engineering Mathematics-III 2BTITT32 Digital Logic Design 2BTITT33 C & Data Structure 4BTITT34 Electronic Devices & Circuits 2BTITT35 Object Oriented Programming With C++ 3BTITT36 IT Infrastructure and Its Management 2BTITT37 Practical Lab - BTITT 33/35 2

Total Credits 17

Semester - IV (Theory)CODE SUBJECT CREDITSBTITT41 Signals & Systems 2BTITT42 Computer Organization 2BTITT43 Database Management Systems 4BTITT44 Software Engineering 2BTITT45 Computer Graphics 3BTITT46 Information Systems 2BTITT47 Practical Lab - BTITT 41/46 2

Total Credits 17


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Detailed Syllabus:

Semester - I

Section I

Engineering Mathematics I

UNIT 1: Vector Calculus: Differentiation of vectors, scalar and vector point functions. Gradient of ascalar field and directional derivative, divergence and curl of a vector field and their physicalinterpretations.

UNIT 2: Integration of vectors, line integral, surface integral, volume integral, Green, Stoke's andGauss theorems (without proof) and their applications.

UNIT 3: Ordinary Differential Equations and Applications :Exact differential equations, equations reducible toexact differential equations. Applications of differential equations of first order & first degree to simple electriccircuits, Newton's law of cooling, heat flow and orthogonal trajectories, linear differential equations of secondand higher order.

UNIT 4: Complete solution, complementary function and particular integral, method of variation of parameters to find particular integral, Cauchy's and Legendre's linear equations, simultaneous linear equationswith constant co-efficients. Applications of linear differential equations to simple pendulum, oscillatory electriccircuits.

UNIT 5: Laplace Transforms and its Applications: Laplace transforms of elementary functions, properties of Laplace transforms, existence conditions, transforms of derivatives, transforms of integrals, multiplication by t,

division by t. Evaluation of integrals by Laplace transforms.

UNIT 6: Laplace transform of unit step function, unit impulse function and periodic function. Inversetransforms, convolution theorem, application to linear differential equations and simultaneous lineardifferential equations with constant coefficients and applications to integral equations. n

UNIT 7: Partial Differential Equations and Its Applications: Formation of partial differential equations,Lagranges linear partial differential equation, first order non-linear partial differential equation, Charpitsmethod.

UNIT 8: Method of separation of variables and its applications to wave equation, one dimensional heatequation and two-dimensional heat flow (steady state solutions only).

Reference Books:

1. Engineering Mathematics: Gangadharan2. Engineering Mathematics/ Ian Dcochrane3. Engineering Mathematics: -Christina ThamNg4. Engineering Mathematics: John Bird


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Section-II

Engineering Physics - I

UNIT 1: Relativistic Mechanics: Frames of References, Inertial Frame and Galilean Transformation, Non-InertialFrame and Fictitious Forces, Galilean Transformation and Velocity of Light, The MichelsonMorleyExperiment, Explanation of Negative Results, Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity, Lorentz Transformation

Equation of Space and Time, Consequences of Lorentz Transformations, Experimental Evidence, VelocityAddition Theorem, Consistency of Einstein Second Postulate, Variation of Mass with Velocity, RelativisticEnergy

UNIT 2: Interference and Diffraction of Light : Interference of Light, Youngs Experiment ,Principle of Superposition, Theory of Interference, Condition for Sustained Interference, Coherent Sources, NoInterference by Independent Sources.

UNIT 3: Method of Producing Coherent Sources, Two Classes of Diffraction Phenomena, Diffraction by a SingleSlit, Principal Maximum, Minimum Intensity Position, Secondary Maxima, Diffraction at Two parallel Slit,Resolving Power , Resolving Power of an Optical Instruments, Resolving Power of a Grating.

UNIT 4: Polarization : Types of Waves, Polarisation , Plane of Vibration and Plane of Polarisation, Types of Polarisation and their Representation, Production of Plane Polarised Light,Geometry of Uniaxial DoubleRefracting Crystal, Huygens Theory of Double Refraction, Propagation of Light in Double Refracting Crystals,Nicol Prism, Retardation Plates, Mathematical Representation for Production of Plane.

UNIT 5: Circularly and Elliptically Polarised Light, Production of Plane, Circularly and Elliptically PolarisedLight,Detection of Plane, Circularly and Elliptically Polarised Light, Optical Activity, Biots Law for RotatoryPolarisation, Fresnels Theory of Optical Rotation, Specific Rotation, Polarimeters, Laurentz Half ShadePolarimeter Action of Laurentz Half Shade Plate and Biquartz Polarimeter.

UNIT 6 : Lasers : Comparison of Ordinary Beam and Laser Beam of Light, Laser Beam Characteristics,Interaction of Radiation with MatterA Quantum Mechanical View, Relation between Einsteins CoefficientA12, B12 and B21 , Condition for Light Amplifications, Laser Terminology, Principal Pumping Schemes ,Components of Laser Device, Ruby Laser and He-Ne Laser .

UNIT 7: Fiber Optics and Holography : Optical Fiber, Light Propagation in Optical Fiber, Fractional RefractiveIndex Change, Numerical Aperture, Classification of Optical Fibers, V-number (Cut-off Frequency), AttenuationConstant, Fiber Loss, Signal Dispersion.

UNIT 8: Principle of Holography, 7.3 Construction of Hologram, Principle of Recording the Interference Patternand Application of Hologram

Reference Books:

1. Engineering Physics-1 Dr.A.k.Katiyar,Narinder Kumar2. Engineering Physics-1 Steven D.Kamm

Section-III Engineering Chemistry I

UNIT 1 : Water Technology : Characteristics alkalinity types of alkalinity and determination hardness types and estimation by EDTA method (problems).


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UNIT 2 : Domestic water treatment disinfection methods (Chlorination, ozonation. UV treatment) Boilerfeed water requirements disadvantages of using hard water in boilers internal conditioning (phosphate,calgon and carbonate conditioning methods) external conditioning demineralization process desalination.

UNIT 3 : Polymers And Composites : Polymers-definition polymerization types addition and condensationpolymerization free radical polymerization mechanism Plastics, classification preparation.

UNIT 4 : properties and uses of PVC, Teflon, polycarbonate, polyurethane, nylon-6,6, PET- Rubber -vulcanization of rubber, synthetic rubbers buty1 rubber, SBR, Composites definition, types polymer matrixcomposites FRP only.

UNIT 5 : Surface Chemistry : Adsorption types adsorption of gases on solids adsorption isotherms Frendlich and Langmuir isotherms adsorption of solutes from solution role of adsorbents in catalysis, ion-exchange adsorption and pollution abatement.

UNIT 6: Non-Conventional Energy Sources and Storage Devices : Nuclear energy fission and fusion reactionsand light water nuclear reactor for power generation (block diagram only) breeder reactor solar energy

conversion solar cells wind energy fuel cells hydrogen oxygen fuel cell batteries alkaline batteries leadacid, nickelcadmium and lithium batteries.

UNIT 7: Engineering Materials : Refractories classification acidic, basic and neutral refractories properties(refractoriness, refractoriness under load, dimensional stability, porosity, thermal spalling) manufacture of alumina, magnesite and zirconia bricks.

UNIT 8: Abrasives natural and synthetic abrasives quartz, corundum, emery, garnet, diamond, siliconcarbide and boron carbide. Lubricants mechanism of lubrication, liquid lubricants, - properties viscosityindex, flash and fire points, cloud and pour points, oilyness) solid lubricants graphite and molybdenum

sulphide. Nanomaterials introduction to nanochemistry carbon nanotubes and their applicationsReference Books:

1. Dr. M.K. Saxena, Dr. Sanjana Chugh2. -Engineering Chemistry Dr. T.L. Rajawat3. Engineering Manas Ranjan Senapati4. Dr.B.S.Chauhan Chemistry: Chemistry:Gadag5. Engineering Chemistrtry-I:Dr Sanjay K.Sharma

Section-IV

Computer Fundamental & Programming In C

UNIT 1: Computer and its Architecture : System Definition, Computer System, Types of Computer Systems,Digital Computer, Various Components, Input Devices, Central Processing Unit (CPU), Memory.

UNIT 2: Hardware and Software: Hardware and Software, Various Categories of Software, Booting up aComputer, Installing and Uninstalling Software, Software Piracy, Software Terminologies . ........ .

UNIT 3: Applications of Computers: Role of Information Technology.

UNIT 4: Internet: History of Internet, Internet Services.


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UNIT 5: Problem Solving Methodology: Problem Solving Techniques, Program, Program Development Cycle,Algorithm Design, Flow Chart, Program Control Structures.

UNIT 6: Types of Programming Languages, Generations of Programming Languages, Development of Algorithms for Simple Problems

UNIT 7: Basic Elements of C :Introduction to C, Lexical Elements of C, Operators and Expressions,Operator Precedence, Associatively of Operators, Input and Output Functions, Simple ComputationalProblems .

UNIT 8 : Decision Making: Control Statements, Branching, Looping, Control structures, Problems using controlstructures.

UNIT 9: Functions and Program Structures : Prototypes and Functions, Declaring, Defining and AccessingFunctions, Parameter Passing Methods, Recursion, Storage Classes, Library Functions, Programs UsingFunctions

UNIT 10: Arrays: Defining and Processing Arrays, Passing Arrays to Functions, MultiDimensional Arrays,Strings and Basic Operations on Strings, Enumerated Data Types

UNIT 11 : Pointers : Concept of a Pointer, Declaration of a Pointer, Accessing a Variable through the Pointer,Individualization of Pointers, Pointers and Functions, Pointers and Arrays.

UNIT 12 : Pointers and Structures, Operations on Pointers, Pointers with Arrays, Functions and Structures,Address Operator and Dynamic Memory Allocation

UNIT 13: Structures and Unions : StructuresUser Defined Data Types, Union - Structure and Union VariableDeclarations, Initialization of Structures and Unions.

UNIT 14 : Compatibility of Structures, Unions, and Enumerations, Nested Structure, Passing Structures toFunctions, SelfReferential Structures.

UNIT 15: File Handling: What is a File and How it can be defined- Ascii Text Files & Binary Files, File Pointers.

UNIT 16: High Level File OperationsCreating, Processing and Updation on Files, Opening and Closing a File Reference Books:

1. Computer Fundamental and programming in C: J.B.Dixit2. Computer Fundamental and programming in C: Manas Ghosh3. Computer Fundamental and programming in C:Harley R. Myler4. Schaums outline of computer architecture: Nicholos P.Carter

Section IV: Electrical Engineering

UNIT 1 : D C Circuit Analysis and Network Theorems : Circuit Concepts: Concepts of network, Active andpassive elements, voltage and current sources, Concept of linearity and linear network, unilateral and bilateralelements, R, L and C as linear elements, source transformation.


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UNIT 2 : Kirchhoffs laws; loop and nodal methods of analysis; star-delta transformation, Network Theorems:Superposition Theorem, Thevenins Theorem, Nortons Theorem, Maximum Power Transfer Theorem (simplenumerical problems)

UNIT 3: Steady- State Analysis of Single Phase AC Circuits : AC Fundamentals: Sinusoidal, square and triangularwaveforms average and effective values, form and peak factors, concept of phasors, phasor representation

of sinusoidally varying voltage and current.

UNIT 4: Analysis of series, parallel and series-parallel RLC Circuits: apparent, active & reactive powers, powerfactor, causes and problems of low powerfactor, powerfactor improvement, resonance in series and parallelcircuits, bandwidth and quality factor (simple numerical problems)

UNIT 5: Three Phase AC Circuits : Three phase system-its necessity and advantages, meaning of phasesequence, star and delta connections, balanced supply and balanced load, line and phase voltage/currentrelations, three-phase power and its measurement (simple numerical problems).

UNIT 6: Measuring Instruments: Types of instruments, construction and working principles of PMMC andmoving iron type voltmeters & ammeters, single phase dynamometer wattmeter and induction type energymeter, use of shunts and multipliers (simple numerical problems on energy meter, shunts and multipliers).

UNIT 7: Introduction to Power System : General layout of electrical power system and functions of itselements, standard transmission and distribution voltages, concept of grid (elementary treatment only).

UNIT 8: Magnetic Circuit: Magnetic circuit concepts, analogy between electric & magnetic circuits, magneticcircuits with DC and AC excitations, magnetic leakage, B-H curve, hysteresis and eddy current losses, magneticcircuit calculations, mutual coupling.

UNIT 9: Single Phase Transformer:Principle of operation, construction, e .m. f. equation, equivalent circuit,power losses, efficiency (simple numerical problems), introduction to auto transformer .

UNIT 10: Electrical Machines: Principles of electro mechanical energy conversion, DC machines: types, e. m. f.equation of generator and torque equation of motor, characteristics and applications of dc motors (simplenumerical problems).

UNIT 11: Three Phase Induction Motor: types, Principle of operation, slip-torque characteristics, applications(numerical problems related to slip only).

UNIT 12: Single Phase Induction motor: Principle of operation and introduction to methods of starting,applications, Three Phase Synchronous Machines: Principle of operation of alternator and synchronous motorand their applications

Reference Books:

1. Electrical Engineering Principles and Applications-Allan R. Hambley2. Electrical Engineering: a pocket reference-Ralf Kories, Heinz Schmidt-Walter

Section-VI : Professional Communication

UNIT 1 : Basics of Technical Communication : Technical Communication: features; Distinction between Generaland Technical communication, Language as a tool of communication; Levels of communication: Interpersonal,Organizational, Mass communication.


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UNIT 2 : The flow of Communication: Downward, Upward, Lateral or Horizontal (Peer group); Importance of technical communication; Barriers to Communication.

UNIT 3 : Constituents of Technical Written Communication : Words and Phrases: Word formation. Synonymsand Antonyms; Homophones; Select vocabulary of about 500- 1000 New words; Requisites of SentenceConstruction: Paragraph Development.

UNIT 4 : Techniques and Methods -Inductive, Deductive, Spatial, Linear, Chronological etc; The Art of Condensation- various steps, Forms of Technical Communication : Business Letters: Sales and Credit letters;Letter of Enquiry; Letter of Quotation, Order, Claim and Adjustment Letters; Job application and Resumes.

UNIT 5 : Official Letters: D.O. Letters; Govt. Letters, Letters to Authorities etc, Reports: Types; Significance;Structure, Style & Writing of Reports.

UNIT 6 : Technical Proposal; Parts; Types; Writing of Proposal; Significance, Technical Paper, Project.Dissertation and Thesis Writing: Features, Methods & Writing.

UNIT 7 : Presentation Strategies : Defining Purpose; Audience & Locale; Organizing Contents; PreparingOutline; Audio-visual Aids; Nuances of Delivery; Body Language; Space; Setting Nuances of Voice Dynamics;Time- Dimension.

UNIT 8 : Value- Based Text Readings: Following essays form the suggested text book with emphasis onMechanics of writing,(i) The Aims of Science and the Humanities by M.E. Prior(ii) The Language of Literature and Science by A.Huxley(iii) Man and Nature by J.Bronowski(iv) The Mother of the Sciences by A.J.Bahm(v) Science and Survival by Barry Commoner(vi) Humanistic and Scientific Approaches to Human Activity by Moody E. Prior(vii) The Effect of Scientific Temper on Man by Bertrand Russell.

Reference Books:

1. The Aims of Science and the Humanities by M.E. Prior2. The Language of Literature and Science by A.Huxley3. Man and Nature by J.Bronowski4. The Mother of the Sciences by A.J.Bahm5. Science and Survival by Barry Commoner

Semester - II

Section-I : Engineering Mathematics II

Unit 1: Linear Differential Equations with constant coefficients : Linear differential equations of nth order withconstant coefficients, Complementary functions and particular integrals.

Unit 2: Simultaneous linear differential equations, Solution of second order differential equation by changingdependent and independent variables.

Unit 3: Method of variation of parameters, Applications to engineering problems


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Unit 4: Series Solution and Special Functions : Series solution of ordinary differential equations of 2nd orderwith variable coefficients (Frobenius Method), Bessel and Legendre equations and their series solutions,Properties of Bessel functions and Legendre polynomials

Unit 5: Laplace Transform : Laplace transform, Existence theorem, Laplace transform of derivatives andintegrals, Inverse Laplace transform, Unit step function , Dirac delta function, Laplace transform of periodicfunctions, Convolution theorem, Application to solve simple linear and simultaneous differential equations.

Unit 6: Fourier Series and Partial Differential Equations : Periodic functions, Trignometric series, Fourier seriesof period 2 , Eulers formulae, Functions having arbitrary period, Change of interval, Even and odd functions,Half range sine and cosine series, Harmonic analysis.

Unit 7: Solution of first order Lagranges linear partial differential equatins, Linear partial differential equationswith constant coefficients of 2nd order and their classifications - parabolic, elliptic and hyperbolic withillustrative examples.

Unit 8: Applications of Partial Differential Equations : Method of separation of variables for solving partialdifferential equations, Wave equation up to two-dimensions, Laplace equation in two-dimensions, Heatconduction equations up to two-dimensions, Equations of transmission lines.

Reference books:

1. ENGINEERING Mathematics: Ganesh A2. Engineering Mathematics:S.R.Bandewar3. Engineering Mathematics-II C.B.Gupta

Section-II : Engineering Physics II

Unit 1 : Quantum Mechanics & Quantum Computing : Introduction Schrodinger, Time Independent and TimeDependent wave equations - Particle in a box Operator version -Suitability of Quantum system forInformation Processing - Classical Bits and Qu-Bits - Bloch's Sphere - Quantum Gates - Multiple Qu-Bits -Advantages of Quantum Computing over classical Computation.

Unit 2 : Electron Theory of Metals : Classical free electron theory - Mean free path Relaxation time and driftvelocity - Quantum free electron theory - Fermi Dirac (analytical) and its dependence on temperature - Fermienergy - Electron scattering and resistance.

Unit 3 : Magnetic Properties : Permeability - Magnetization - Orgin of magnetic moment - Classification of Magnetic materials - Dia, para and ferro- magnetism .

Unit 4 : Domain and Weiss field theory - Hysteresis Curve - Soft and Hard magnetic materials.

Unit 5 : Superconductivity and Dielectric Properties : General properties - Meissner effect - Penetration depth -Type I and type II superconductors - Flux quantization - DC and AC Josephson effect - BCS Theory - Applicationsof superconductors.

Unit 6 : Semiconductors : Introduction - Intrinsic semiconductor and carrier concentration - Equation forconductivity - Extrinsic semiconductor and carrier concentration - Drift and diffusion - Einstein's equation - Halleffect - Direct & indirect band gap semiconductors.

Unit 7 : Physics of Nano Materials : Introduction - Properties and prepation of Nano Materials -Surface

occupancy - Reduction of Dimensionality - 4D -Force vector.


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Unit 8 : Quantum wires - Quantum dots and Quantum wells - Density of states and Energy spectrum -Nanotubes - Applications of nanomaterials.

Reference Books:

1. Beginning Physics II: Waves, Electromagnetism, Optics and Modern Physics by Alvin M. Halpern andErich Erlbach

2. Semiconductor Devices by S. M. Sze)

Section-III : Engineering Chemistry II

UNIT 1 : Electrochemistry : Electrochemical cells reversible and irreversible cells EMF measurement of emf Single electrode potential Nernst equation (problem) reference electrodes.

Unit 2 : Standard Hydrogen electrode -Calomel electrode Ion selective electrode glass electrode andmeasurement of pH electrochemical series significance potentiometer titrations.

UNIT 3 : Corrosion And Corrosion Control : Chemical corrosion Pilling Bedworth rule electrochemicalcorrosion different types galvanic corrosion differential aeration corrosion factors influencing corrosion

Unit 4 : Corrosion Control : sacrificial anode and impressed cathodic current methods corrosion inhibitors protective coatings paints constituents and functions metallic coatings electroplating (Au) andelectroless (Ni) plating.

UNIT 5 : Fuels And Combustion : Calorific value classification Coal proximate and ultimate analysismetallurgical coke manufacture by Otto-Hoffmann method Petroleum processing and fractions cracking catalytic cracking and methods-knocking octane number and cetane number synthetic petrol FischerTropsch and Bergius processes Gaseous fuels- water gas, producer gas, CNG and LPG, Flue gas analysis

Orsat apparatus theoretical air for combustion.

UNIT 6 : Phase Rule : Statement and explanation of terms involved one component system water system condensed phase rule construction of phase diagram by thermal analysis simple eutectic systems (lead-silver system only)

Unit 7 : Alloys importance, ferrous alloys nichrome and stainless steel heat treatment of steel, non-ferrous alloys brass and bronze.

UNIT 8 : Analytical Techniques : Beer-Lamberts law (problem) UV-visible spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy principles instrumentation (problem) (block diagram only) estimation of iron by colorimetry flamephotometry principle instrumentation (block diagram only) estimation of sodium by flame photometry atomic absorption spectroscopy principles instrumentation (block diagram only) estimation of nickel byatomic absorption spectroscopy.

Reference Books :

1. Engineering Chemistry-II Dr.Monika Sharma2. Engineering Chemistry-II Manas Ranjan Sanepati3. Engineering Chemistry-II Dr. B.S.Chauhan

4.

Engineering Chemistry-II Dr M.K.Saxena


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Section-IV : Computer Aided Engineering Graphics

UNIT 1 : Introduction to Computer Aided Sketching : Introduction, Drawing Instruments and their uses, BISconventions, lettering Dimensioning and free hand practicing.

UNIT 2 : Computer screen, layout of the software, standard tool bar/menus and description of most commonlyused tool bars, navigational tools.

UNIT 3 : Coordinate system and reference planes.

UNIT 4 : Definitions of HP, VP, RPP & LPP.

UNIT 5 : Creation of 2D/3D environment.

UNIT 6 : Selection of drawing size and scale.

UNIT 7 : Commands and creation of Lines, Co-ordinate points, axes, poly-lines, square, rectangle, polygons,splines, circles, ellipse, text, move, copy, off-set, mirror, rotate, trim, extend, break, chamfer, fillet, curves,constraints viz. tangency, parallelism, inclination and perpendicularity.

UNIT 8 : Dimensioning, line convention, material conventions and lettering.

UNIT 9 : Orthographic Projections : Introduction, Definitions- Planes of projection, reference line andconventions employed, Projections of points in all the four quadrants, Projections of straight lines (located inFirst quadrant/first angle only),

UNIT 10 : True and apparent lengths, True and apparent inclinations to reference planes (No applicationproblems)

UNIT 11 : Orthographic Projections of Plane Surfaces : Introduction, Definitions-projections of plane surfaces-triangle, square rectangle, rhombus, pentagon, hexagon and circle, planes in different positions by change of position method only (No problems on punched plates and composite plates.)

UNIT 12 : Projections of Solids: Introduction, Definitions- Projections of right regular- tetrahedron, hexahedron(cube), prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones in different positions. (No problems on octahedrons andcombination solid)

UNIT 13 : Sections : Introduction, Section planes, Sections, section views, Sectional views, apparent shapes andTrue shapes of Sections of right regular prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones resting with base on HP. (Noproblems on section of solids)

UNIT 14 : Development of lateral surface of above solids, their frustums and truncations. (No problems onlateral surfaces of trays, Tetrahedrons spheres and transition pieces).

UNIT 15 : Isometric Projection (Using Isometric Scale Only) : Introduction, Isometric scale, Isometric Projectionof simple plane figures, Isometric Projection of tetrahedron, hexahedron (cube).

UNIT 16 : Right regular prisms, pyramids, cylinders, cones, spheres, cut spheres and combination of solids(Maximum of three Solids).

Reference Books :

1. Computer AIDED Graphics AND design Daniel.l.Ryan


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Section-V : Electronics Engineering

UNIT 1: Semiconductor Diodes and Applications: p-n junction, depletion layer , v-i characteristics, ideal andpractical, diode resistance, capacitance.

UNIT 2: Diode ratings (average current, repetitive peak current, peak-inverse voltage), p-n junction as rectifiers(half wave and full wave) filter (Shunt capacitor filter), Calculation of ripple factor and load regulation, clipplingcircuits, clamping circuits.

UNIT 3: Voltage multipliers Breakdown diodes: breakdown mechanism (zener and avalanche), breakdowncharacteristics, zener resistance, zener diode ratings, zener diode application as shunt regulator

UNIT 4 : Bipolar Junction Transistor : Basic construction, transistor action CB, CE and CC configurations.

UNIT 5: Input/ output characteristics biasing of transistors, fixed bias, emitter bias, potential divider bias,comparison of biasing circuits graphical analysis of CE amplifier.

UNIT 6: Concept of voltage gain, current gain, h-parameter model (low freq.) computation of Ai, Av, Ri, Ro of single transistor CE amplifier configuration

UNIT 7: Field Effect Transistor : JFET: Basic construction, principle of working, concept of pinch-off maximumdrain saturation current, : Input and transfer characteristics, characteristic equation, CG, CS and CDconfigurations, fixed and self biasing of JFET amplifier.

UNIT 8: MOSFET: depletion and enhancement type MOSFET- construction, operation and characteristics.

UNIT 9: Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp): concept of ideal operational amplifier, ideal and practical Op-Ampparameters inverting, non-inverting and unity gain configurations, Applications of Op-Amp as adders,difference amplifiers, integrators and differentiator.

UNIT 10: Switching Theory and Logic Design : Number system, conversion of bases (decimal, binary, octal andhexadecimal numbers) addition and subtraction, fractional numbers, BCD numbers, Boolean algebra.

UNIT 11: Logic gates, concept of universal gates canonical forms, minimization using K-map

UNIT 12: Electronics Instruments: Working principle of digital voltmeter, digital multimeter (block diagramapproach), CRO (its working with block diagram) measurement of voltage, current, phase and frequency usingCRO .

Reference Books :

1. Power Electronics: M.H.Rashid2. Basic electronic Engineering And devices:Dr.R.K.Singh3. Pascal for electronic engineers J.Attikiouzel4. Power Electronics: Donald Christiansen5. Power Electronics: Hambley


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Section-VI : Engineering Mechanics

UNIT 1 : Two Dimensional Force Systems : Basic concepts, Laws of motion, Principle of Transmissibility of forces, Transfer of a force to parallel position,r esultant of a force system, Simplest Resultant of Twodimensional concurrent and Non-concurrent Force systems, Distributed force system, Free body diagrams.

UNIT 2 : Equilibrium and Equations of Equilibrium., Applications Friction: Introduction, Laws of CoulombFriction, Equilibrium of Bodies involving Dry-friction, Belt friction, Application.

UNIT 3 : Beam : Introduction, Shear force and Bending Moment, Differential Equations for Equilibrium, Shearforce and Bending Moment Diagrams for Statically Determinate Beams.

UNIT 4 : Trusses: Introduction, Simple Truss and Solution of Simple truss, Method f Joints and Method of Sections, Centroid : Centroid of plane, curve, area, volume and composite bodies.

UNIT 5 : Moment of Inertia : Moment of inertia of plane area, Parallel Axes Theorem, Perpendicular axestheorems, Principal Moment Inertia, Mass Moment of Inertia of Circular Ring, Disc, Cylinder, Sphere and Coneabout their Axis of Symmetry.

UNIT 6 : Kinematics of Rigid Body : Introduction, Plane Motion of Rigid Body, Velocity and Acceleration underTranslation and Rotational Motion, Relative Velocity.

UNIT 7 : Kinetics of Rigid Body: Introduction, Force, Mass and Acceleration, Work and Energy, Impulse andMomentum, DAlemberts Principles and Dynamic Equilibrium.

UNIT 8 : Simple Stress : Introduction, Normal and Shear stresses, Stress- Strain Diagrams for ductile and brittlematerial, Elastic Constants, One Dimensional Loading of members of varying cross-sections, Strain energy. 3Pure Bending of Beams: Introduction, Simple Bending Theory, Stress in beams of different cross sections,torque.

Reference Books:

1. Engineering Mechanics Bhavikatti2. ENGINEERING Mechanics: Raju3. Engineering Mechanics: A.Bedford4. Engineering Mechanics: Russell C Hibller5. Engineering Mechanics:J.W.

Semester III

Section-I : Programming In C And Data Structures

UNIT 1: Introduction To C Language And Data Types : Origin and Development of C Language, The FirstProgram in C, Concepts of Variables, Inputting the Data, The Control Statement, The Iteration Loop, The Do-While Loop, The Switch Statement.

UNIT 2 : Various Data Types in C, The Integer Data Family, Overflow in Char and Unsigned Char Data Type, TheChar Type, Octal Numbers, Hexadecimal Numbers, Conversion of Binary to Octal and Hexadecimal,Representation of Floating Numbers, Forced Conversion, Type Casting.


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UNITI 3: COPERATORS : Arithmetic Operators, Relational Operators, Logical Operators, Ternary Operators,Assignment Operators, Increment and Decrement Operators, Conditional Operators, Bitwise Operators,Special Operators, Arithmetic Expression, Operator Precedence.

UNIT 4: CONTROL STRUCTURE : Control Structure, Why Control Statement, The If Statement, Scope of an If Clause, The If Else Statement, The If Else If Statement, Nested Else If Statement, The Switch Statement, TheWhile Loop, The Do While Loop, The For Loop, For Loop with a Comma Operator, The Break Statement, Goto

Statement, The Continue Statement, Printf, Scanf, Placeholders in printf and scanf, Address, Pointers.

UNIT 5 : ARRAYS IN C : Arrays, Array Declaration , Address of Each Element in an Array , Accessing Elements of an Array , Memory Representation of Array , Accessing an Array Using Pointers , Manipulating Arrays UsingPointers , Two Dimensional Arrays, Initialization of Two Dimensional Array , Pointers and Two DimensionalArrays , Three Dimensional Arrays , Pointer Arrays , Multidimensional Array.

UNIT 6: FUNCTIONS AND RECURSION : Functions, Why Use Functions? , The Concept of Stack , The Sequence of Execution During Function Call , Parameter Passing , Call by Value , Call by Reference , The Concept of GlobalVariables , Resolving Variable References , Syntax of Function Definition , Calling Function , Dynamic MemoryAllocation , Recursion ,Stack Overheads in Recursion , Writing a Recursion Function.

UNIT 7 : STRINGS : Strings, Initializing Strings , Strings as an Array of Characters , String Definition , String asParameter , String Functions.

UNIT 8 : STRUCTURES, UNIONS AND FILES : Structures, Complex Structure Definitions, Memory Allocation toStructure, Programming with Structure, Structure Pointers, Unions, The Concept of Files, Direct Access Files.

UNIT 9: ARRAYS IN DATA STRUCTURE : Arrays, Memory Allocation to Arrays , Application of Arrays ,Manipulation on the List Implemented using an Array , Transpose of a Matrix.

UNIT 10 : SORTING AND SEARCHING : Internal Sorting, External Sorting , Merging of two Sorted Lists ,Implementation of Heaps , Linear Search , Binary Search.

UNIT 11 : STACKS : Concept of Stack and Queues, Stacks, Structure of Stack, Implementation of Stack,Application of Stacks.

UNIT 12: QUEUES: Queues , Queue Implementation ,Circular Queues , Application of Queues.

UNIT 13 : LINKED LIST : Concept of Linked Lists, Representation of Linked List ,Inserting a Node Using RecursivePrograms, Deleting the Specified Node in Singly Linked List, Inserting a Node after the Specified Node in aSingly Linked List, Circular Linked List ,Polynomial Representation, Sorting and Reversing a Linked List, Mergingof Two Sorted Lists, Merging of Two Circular Lists.

UNIT 14 : TREE : The Concept of Tree, Binary Tree, Binary Representation ,Implementation of a Binary Tree,Binary Tree Traversal, Binary Tree Search ,Counting the Number of Nodes in a Binary Search Tree, Searchingfor a Target Key in a Binary Search Tree, Deletion of a Node From a Binary Search Tree, Application of a BinarySearch Tree.

UNIT 15 : GRAPHS : Defining Graph Basic Graph Terminology ,Representations of Graphs ,Computing in Degreeand Out Degree Using Adjacency Matrix.

UNIT 16 : Depth First Traversal ,Breadth First Traversal Connected Components of a Graph ,Depth FirstSpanning Tree and Breadth First Spanning Tree ,Minimum Cost Spanning Tree, Directed Acyclic Graph.


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Section-II : Digital Logic Design

UNIT 1: Digital System & Binary Number System: Introduction ,Digital System, Advantages of Digital System ,Number Systems ,Decimal Number System, Binary Number System , Octal Number System , HexadecimalNumber System ,Number System Conversion, Binary to Decimal Conversion ,Decimal to Binary Conversion,Binary to Octal Conversion, Octal to Binary Conversion, Binary to Hexadecimal Conversion ,Hexadecimal to

Binary Conversion, Decimal to Octal Conversion ,Octal to Decimal Conversion, Decimal to HexadecimalConversion ,Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion , Signed Binary Numbers, Complements, Subtraction with rsComplements ,Subtraction with (r 1)s Complement , Binary Codes ,Cyclic code or Gray code, Gray to BinaryConversion Codes, Parity Code, Hamming Codes , Floating Point Representations, Floating Point NumberFormats.

UNIT 2: Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates : Introduction ,Basic Definitions ,E.v. Huntingtons Postulates, Two-Valued Boolean Algebra, Basic Theorems and Properties of Boolean Algebra ,Duality, Basic Theorems,Operator Precedence ,Digital logic gates ,AND Gate ,OR Gate, NOT Gate ,Buffer or Transfer Gate ,NAND Gateor NOT-AND Gate ,NOR Gate or NOT OR Gate, Exclusive OR or Ex-OR (XOR) Gate, Exclusive NOR Gate (XNOR),Universal Gates, Boolean Functions ,Canonical and Standard forms ,Canonical Form, Standard Forms

,Simplification of Boolean functions ,The Map Method, Dont-care Conditions ,The Tabulation Method,Determination of Prime-Implicants ,Selection of Prime Implicants ,Different Steps Involved for Simplification of Boolean Function ,Using Tabulation Method, NAND and NOR Implementation, NAND Implementation,NORImplementation.

UNIT 3: Combinational Logic : Introduction, Design oF Combinational Circuit ,Analysis Procedure of combinational logic circuit ,Binary Adder , Half Adder, Full Adder ,SubtRactors ,Half Subtractors ,FullSubtractor, Decimal Adder, BCD Adder, Magnitude Comparator , Decoders, Combinational Logicimplementation, Encoders, Multiplexers, Boolean Function Implementation Using Multiplexers, Demultiplexer.

UNIT 4: Sequential Logic : Introduction ,Sequential Logic Circuit,Flip Flops,Basic Flip-Flop Circuit, Clocked RS

Flip-Flop,D Flip-flop, JK Flip-Flop,T Flip Flop,Race Around Condition,Edge-Triggered Flip Flops ,Master SlaveFlip-Flop ,Analysis Of Clocked Sequential Circuits, Example of Clocked Sequential Circuit ,State Reduction AndAssignment, State Reduction, State Assignment ,Flip-flop Excitation Tables,Design Procedure Of ClockSequential Logic Circuit,Design Clocked Sequential Circuit with Unused State,Application Of Flip-flops,Counters,Types of Counters,Ripple or Asynchronous Counter,Synchronous Counters, Ring Counter or ShiftRegister Counter,Johnson Counter, Applications Of Counters ,Registers, S hift Registers ,Serial Transfer,SerialAddition.

UNIT 5: Memory and Programmable Logic : Introduction ,Read Only Memory (ROM),Combinational LogicImplementation ,Types of ROMs ,Application of ROMs ,Programmable Logic Array (PLA),Programmable Array

Logic (PAL) ,Random-Access Memory (RAM) , Algorithmic State Machines (ASM) ,ASM Charts ,CircuitRealization of Digital System, Design of Control Logic Circuit with Multiplexes method.Asynchronous Sequential Logic Introduction ,Asynchronous Sequential Logic Circuit ,Analysis Procedure of AsyNchronous Sequential LogicCircuit ,Transition Table ,Flow Table ,Stability ,Circuits With Latches ,Design Procedure of AsynchronousSequential Logic Circuit ,Reduction of state and flow Tables ,Implication Table ,Merging of the Flow Table,Compatible Pair ,Maximal compatibles ,Closed Covering Condition ,Race-Free State Assignment, Three RowFlow Table ,Hazard in combinational Networks.Digital Logic Families Introduction ,Dgital Logic Families ,Basic Concepts of Digital Ics ,Fan-in ,Fan-out ,Gate Delay ,Wired Delay ,Skew, Noise Margin, Logic levels, Current levels ,Rise Time (tr) and Fall Time (tf),Propagation Delay (tp),Power

Dissipation, Diode Logic (DL),Resistor Transistor Logic (RTL),Diode Transistor Logic (DTL),Transistor Transistor


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Logic (TTL),Emitter coupled logic (ECL),Metal Oxide Semiconductor Logic, Complementary Metal OxideSemiconductor Logic .

UNIT 6: Basic of VHDL :Introduction ,Historical Overview ,Basic Terminology, Entity Declaration ,ArchitectureBody, Structural Style of Modeling ,Data flow style of Modeling, Behavioral Style of Modeling, Mixed style of Modeling, Simulation, Elaboration phase, Initialization phase ,Active Hdl 6.3 ,Active HDL Overview ,Active-HDLExpert Edition Version 6.3 (Build 1460.SP1.33),Libero Ide ,Libero IDE Design flow ,Design Implementation,Timer, Power Report.

UNIT 7: Design of Fast Adder : Introduction, Earlier Developments in Fast Addition ,Adders ,Basic Sign-complement and Sign-Magnitude adders,Asynchronous Self-Timing Adders, Carry-Comp letion Sensing Adders,Conditional-Sum Adders, The Carry-Skip Adder, The Carry-Select Adder, The Carry Look- Ahead Adder,Categorization of Number Systems, Generalized Signed Digit (GSD) Number System, Redundant Binary SignedDigit (RBSD) number system ,Quaternary signed digit (QSD) number system, QSD Based Adder Design, Step 1:Intermediate Carry and sum generator VHDL Code for Intermediate Carry and Sum Generator ,Step 2: TheFinal result, VHDL Code for the Final result ,A Five- Digit QSD Adder,Simulation Results for Five-digit QSD Adder,Design of RBSD Based Adder ,VHDL Code for RBSD Based Adder,A Four digit RBSD Adder.

UNIT 8: Design of Fast Multiplier : Introduction, Earlier Developments in Multiplication, tandard Booths

Multiplier, Modified Booths Algorithm for higher Radix Multiplication ,Array Multipliers ,Comparison of Standard and Recoded Multiplier Configurations, Quaternary Signed Digit (QSD) Based Multiplier Design,Single Digit Multiplier, VHDL Code for Single Digit Multiplier, Partial Product Generator, Four Digit QSDMultiplier ,Simulation results for Multiplier ,RBSD Based Multiplier Design, Partial Product Generator, VHDLcode for Single Digit RBSD Multiplier A Four Digit RBSD Multiplie, Simulation results of 4-Digit RBSD Multiplier,Multiplexer Based Array Multiplier (Binary) ,Parallel Realization Of The Multiplexer Based Array Multiplier,Simulation results of Multiplexer based Array Multiplier, A Twos Complement Multiplexer-Based Multiplier,Simulation Results of 2s Complement Multiplexer based Array Multiplier ,Comparisons of Different parameterof Multipliers ,Delay of Different Multipliers, Memory of Different Multipliers ,Advantages and Limitations of Various Designs of Multipliers.

Section-III : Electronic Devices and circuits

UNIT 1 : Semiconductor Materials and Properties : Introduction, Energy Bands Intrinsic Semiconductors,Extrinsic Semiconductors, Donor and Acceptor Impurities, Doping,Fermi Level, The Mass-Action Law, Mobility,Diffusion. Junction Diode and Diode Applications : Introduction, pn-junction, No bias across the pn-junction,pn-junction with forward bias,pn-junction with reverse biased ,V-I Characteristics of a pn-junction diode,equivalent circuit of pn-junction diode Static and dynamic Resistance ,Diode Capacitance ,Different ratings of diode ,Introduction to Diode Rectifier, Rectifiers, Half-wave rectifier, Operation of the Circuit ,Analysis of H alf-wave Rectifier, Full Wave Rectifier (FWR),FWR With Center Tapped Transformer, Operation of the circuit,Analysis of Centre Tapped FWR Parameters ,Full Wave Bridge Rectifie, Operation of the Circuit, Analysis of Bridge Rectifier ,Comparison of Rectifier Circuit, Filters, Shunt Capacitor Filter,Series Inductor Filter, ChokeInput or L-Section Filter, Capacitor input ,Clipping Circuit ,Positve Clipper, Negative Clipper ,Biased Clipper,Combination Clipper ,Applications of Clippers, Clamper Circuit, Positive Clamper, Negative Clamper VoltageMultiplier Circuits.

UNIT 2 : Special Diodes : Introduction, Zener Diode (Breakdown Mechanism),Zener Breakdown, AvalancheBreakdown ,Temperature Characteristics ,Breakdown or V-I Characteristic of a Zener Diode, Equivalent Circuitof Zener Diode, Zener Diode Specification, Zener Diode Application as a Shunt Regulator, Comparison of ZenerDiode and pn-junction Diode ,Light-Emitting Diode, tages of LED,LED Voltage drop and current, Light sourcematerial ,Comparison of pn-junction Diode and LED ,Varactor Diode Working of a varactor diode ,Types of varactor diode profile, Doping Profile, V-I characteristics of varactor diode, Construction of varactor diode,Equivalent circuit of a varactor diode, Application of varactor diode, Schottky diode, Construction, Operation,


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Schottky diode applications ,Advantages of Schottky diode over pn-junction diodes, Disadvantages of Schottkydiode ,Comparison of Schottky Barrier Diode and pn-junction diode, Tunnel Diode (Esaki Diode),Volt-Ampere(V-I) Characteristic ,Tunnel Diode Parameters, Tunnel Diode Equivalent Circuit ,Advantages of Tunnel diode,Disadvantages of Tunnel diode ,Comparison of Tunnel Diode and pn-junction diode.

UNIT 3 : Bipolar Junction Transistor : Introduction ,Types of Transistor, Meaning of Transistor ,Basicconstruction of Junction Transistor ,Regions of Operation, Working of npn Transistor, Detailed Explanation

,Different types of transistor configuration ,CB Configuration, CE Configuration, CC Configuration,Characteristics of BJT ,Transistor Characteristics in CB Conf., Transistor Characteristics in CE Conf.,TransistorCharacteristics in CC Conf. ,Comparison of Different Configurations ,Transistor as a switch, Saturation Region,Cut-off Region, Operating point, .c.Operating Point, Basic CE Amplifier and d.c. load line ,Simpler way of Drawing d.c. load line, Stabilization, Cause of Unstabilization ,Effect of inherent variations ,Stability Factor,Another forms of Stability factor, Steps Involved in Calculation of S, Transistor biasing, Selection of OperatingPoint, Methods of Transistor Biasing, Fixed Biasing, Collector-to-Base Biasing ,Emitter Resistance Biasing,Potential Divider Biasing, Comparison of Different Biasing Circuits.

UNIT 4 : BJT as an amplifier : Introduction ,Classification of Amplifiers ,Region Behind the Amplification Action,Concept of Phase Reversal , Graphical Explanation, Concept of dc and ac load lines, Need of Analysis of Transistor Amplifier, Hybrid Parameter (h-Parameter) Model, Calculation of h-parameters ,Nomenclature of Transistor h-parameter , General Hybrid Equivalent Circuit, Hybrid Equivalent Circuit for CE Conf., HybridEquivalent Circuit for CB Conf., Hybrid Equivalent Circuit for CC Conf. ,Analysis of Transistor Amplifier using h-parameters, h-parameter Expression for CE,CB,CC ,Simplified Model ,Conversion of h-parameters, Analysis of BJT Amplifier by using equivalent circuit method,DC Condition,The Collector current and theTransconductance, The base current and the input resistance at the base ,The emitter current and the inputresistance at the emitter,Voltage Gain,Small-Signal Equivalent Circuit Models,(A)The Hybrid- Model,(B)The T-Model (re-Model),Application of the Small-Signal Equivalent Circuits, Analysis of Transistor Circuits usingHybrid- Model,AC analysis of Common Emitter (CE) amplifier ,AC analysis of Common Collector (CC) orEmitter Follower amplifier,AC analysis of Common Base (CB) amplifier, Common Emitter (CE) amplifier with RE,Analysis of Transistor Amplifier Circuits using T-Model (re-Model),CE-amplifier with fixed-bias, Unbypassed CEamplifier with emitter-bias configuration Emitter with fixed-bias ,Common Base (CB) configuration,Ebers-MollModel of a Transistor,I ntroduction to : Hybrid- Model,The High Frequency Model or Hybrid- Model for aBipolar Junction Transistor (BJT),Explanation of Parameters,Hybrid- Parameter Values,Hybrid-Conductances,The Hybrid- Capacitances,Conversion Equations,Frequency Response of an Amplifier,HighFrequency Current Gain with Resistive Load,Effect of Source Resistance on Frequency Response,Capacitancesin Hybrid- Model,Calculation for the Cut-off Frequency.

UNIT 5 : Field Effect Transitors : Introduction to FET,Classification of FET,Comparison Between BJT andFET,Structure of JFET or FET,Operaion of JFET,JFET V-I Characteristics,Drain Characteristics,Operation of the n-Channel JFET,Tranfer Characteristics, Detailed Discussion of Pinch-off Voltage,p-Channel JFET,JFETParameters,Small Signal Model for JFET/FET, Comparison of n-channel and p-channel,FETApplications,Introduction to MOSFET,Structure and operation of a Depletion type MOSFET,Basic Operationand Characteristics of n-channel Depletion Type MOSFET, Enahancement type MOSFET,BasicConstruction,Basic Operation and Characteristics,Circuit symbols for FET and MOSFET,Comparison of FET andMOSFET,Biasing in JFET amplifier circuits,Fixed Bias Circuit,Self Bias Circuit, Potential Divider Biasing,FeedbackResistance Biasing,Derivation of volt-ampere relationship for JFET, Detailed operation of enhancement typeMOSFET,Volt-Ampere Characteristics of MOSFE.Derivation of the iD-VDS relationship,JFET as an Amplifier,Common Source (CS) Amplifier,Self biased CommonSource (CS) Amplifier with RS bypassed with CS,Self biased Common Source (CS) Amplifier with RS bypassedwith CS,JFET Common Drain(CD) Amplifier or Source Follower,JFET Common Gate(CG) Amplifier.

Multistage or Cascade AmplifiersIntroduction,Cascade Amplifier,Amplifier Coupling,Effect of Coupling Capacitor (CC) and Bypass Capacitor (CE)on Low Frequency Response,Different Coupling used in Multistage Amplifier,Resistance Capaicitance (RC)Coupled Amplifier,Frequency response of RC coupled amplifier,Impedance Coupled Amplifier,Transformer


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Coupled Amplifier,Frequency response of transformer coupled amplifier,Direct Coupled Amplifier,Frequencyresponse of direct coupled amplifier,Darlington Connection,Derivation for Current Gain,Derivation for InputImpedance of Darlington Pair,Derivation for Voltage Gain,Bootstrapping.

UNIT 6: Feedback Amplifier : Introduction ,Basic Concept of Feedback,Types of Feedback,Classification of Negative Feedback,Principle of Feedback in Amplifiers,Single Loop Feedback Amplifier (Principle),Feedbackamplifier topologies,Effects of feedback Circuits,Effect of Negative Feedback on Stability (Desensitivity of

gain),Effect of Negative Feedback on Amplifier Noise and Distortion,Effect of Negative Feedback on AmplifierInput Impedance,Effect of Negative Feedback on Amplifier Output Impedance,Effect of Negative Feedback onBandwidth and Frequency Response, Linear Analysis of a Transistor Circuit (Miller Theorem and itsDual),Example of Miller and Dual Miller Theorem, Analysis of Different Feedback Amplifiers,Voltage Series(Series-Shunt) Feedback Amplifier,Current Series (Series-Series) Feedback Amplifier,Current Shunt (Shunt-Series) Feedback Amplifier,Voltage Shunt (Shunt-Shunt) Feedback Amplifier,Frequency Response of FeedbackAmplifiers.

UNIT 7: Power Amplifiers : Introduction,Frequency Response of Amplifier,Difference between VoltageAmplifier and Power Amplifier,Conditions Required for a Power Amplifier,Reason why voltage amplifer cannotwork as a power amplifier (large signal amplifier) and its remedy,Single ended transistor power amplifier(Large Signal Amplifier), Classification of power amplifier,Distortion in Amplifiers,Calculation for HormonicDistortion in Power Amplifier,Noise in Amplifier,Intermodulation distortion in amplifiers,Clipping inAmplifiers,Power Dissipation Capability,Class A Direct Coupled Amplifier with resistive Load,Terms Frequentlyused in Large Signal or Power Amplifier,Why do amplifiers have different power ratings for differentohms?,Transformer Coupled Class A Amplifier,Class-A Push-Pull Amplifier,Class-B Amplifier,Class-CAmplifier,Class-B Push-Pull Amplifier,Complementary Symmetry Push-Pull Amplifier,Class-AB Operation andCross-Over Distortion,Thermal Runaway,Power Consideration and Heat-Sinks.

UNIT 8: Frequency Response : Introduction,Defination of cut-of Frequency and Bandwidth,Amplifiergain,Decibels,Midband gain,S-domain analysis,Poles and Zeros,First order functions,Bode Plots,Amplifiertransfer function,Three frequency bands, Gain functions,Low frequency response,High frequencyresponse,Effect of various capacitors on frequency response,Effect of coupling capacitors,Effect of bypasscapacitors,Effect of internal transistor capacitors,Low frequency response of common emitter amplifier,Lowfrequency response of common source amplifier,High frequency response of common emitter amplifier,Highfrequency response of common source amplifier,Two stage RC coupled CE-CE cascade amplifier,Two stage RCcoupled CE-CB cascode amplifier,Two stage RC coupled CE-CC amplifier,Low frequency response of sourcefollower. Oscillators : Introduction,Classification of oscillators,Oscillatory circuit ,Conditions for oscillation(Barkhausen criterion),RC oscillators,RC Phase shift oscillator,FET Phase shift oscillator,Wien Bridgeoscillator,Comparision between Phase shift oscillator,Hartley and Colpitts oscillator,Hartley oscillator,GeneralDerivation for frequency of oscillation,Derivation for frequency of oscillation,Colpitts oscillator,Derivation forfrequency of oscillation, Condition for oscillation,Clapp oscillator,Derivation for frequency of oscillation,Limitations of RC and LC oscillators, Crystal Oscillator,Transistor Crystal Oscillator,Advatages of Crystal Oscillator,Disadvatages of Crystal Oscillator, Frequency stablity of Crystal Oscillator,StablityCriterion,Comparison between RC and LC Oscillators, Comparison between LC and Crystal Oscillators.

Section-IV : Engineering Mathematics-III

UNIT 1: Function of Complex Varable : Introduction,Basic Definitions,Continuity,Differentiability,AnalyticFunctions,Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for f(z) to be Analytic,Cauchy-Riemann Equations in PolarCoordinates,Harmonic Function, Theorem,Orthogonal System,Determination of Conjugate Function,MilnesThomson Method,Line Integral, Simply and Multiply Connected Region,Cauchys Integral Theorem,Extension of Cauchys Integral Theorem, Cauchys Integral Formula,Cauchys Integral Formula for the Derivative of AnalyticFunction,Generalization of Derivative of Cauchy Integral Formula,Cauchys Inequality,LiouvillesTheorem,Taylors Series,Laurents Series, Singularity,Definition of Residue at Poles ,Cauchys Residue


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Theorem,Method of Evaluation of Residues , Evaluation of Real Integrals,Useful Theorems to Evaluation of Real Integrals,Residue at a Pole of Order Greater than Unity,Jordans Lemma,Idented Semi-circle.

UNIT 2: Moment, Skewness and Kurtosis : Moments,Moments About Mean or Central Moments,MomentAbout Arbitrary Point,Compute Central Moments from Moments about Arbitrary Point,Moment GeneratingFunction,Change of Origin and Scale in Moment Generating Function,Skewness,Difference Between Variationand Skewness,Absolute Measures of Skewness,Measures of Relative Skewness,Kurtosis,Measures of Kurtosis.

Curve FittingIntroduction,Principle of Least Squares,Fitting a Straight Line,Fitting of a Curve of the Form y = abx,Fitting of aCurve of the Form y = axb,Fitting of an Exponential Curve of the Form y = aebx,Fitting of a Parabola of theForm y = a + bx + cx2,Some Special Type of Curve,Most Plausible Solution of a System of Linear Equations.Regression AnalysisRegression Analysis,Curve of Regression and Regression Equation,Uses of Regression Analysis,LinearRegression,Equation to The Lines of Regression,Regression Coefficient,Comparison of Correlation andRegression Analysis,Properties of Regression Coefficients,Angle Between Two Lines of Regression,PolynomialFit: Non Linear Regression,Multiple Linear Regression.CorrelationIntroduction,Uses of Correlation,Significance of Correlation Analysis,Scatter Diagram,Graphic Method orSimple Graph Method,Types of Correlation,Karl Pearsons Coefficient,Direct Method,Short-cut or AssumedMethod,Probable Error (P.E.),Standard Error,Properties of Correlation Coefficient,Coefficient of Determination, Rank Correlation or Spearmans Rank Correlation Coefficient,When Ranks are Repeated.ProbabilityDefinition,Axioms of Probability,Addition Rule,Some Important Theorems,Conditional Probability,Multiplication Theorem of Probability,Independent Event,Independent or Repeated Trials,Probability or atleast One Event,Bayes Theorem.

UNIT 3: Theoretical Distribution : Introduction,Bernoulli Trials (Independent Trials),Binomial (Bernoullis)Distribution,Binomial Probability Distribution,Applications of Binomial Distribution,Mean, Variance andMoment Generating Function of a Binomial Distribution,Poisson Distribution,Recurrence Formula for thePoisson Distribution,Relation between Mean Deviation about Mean andStandard Deviation,Applications of Poisson Distribution,Normal Distribution, Applications of Normal Distribution,Computation of Area under TheNormal Curve.

UNIT 4 : Sampling Theory : Introduction,Method of Collecting Statistical Data,Principles of Sampling,Elements/Steps of Sampling Plan,Advantages of Sampling,Limitations of Sampling,SampleDesign,Characteristics of Good Sample Design,Steps in Sampling Design,Criteria of Selecting A SamplingProcedure,Sampling and Non-sampling Errors,Sample Size,Factors Determining Sample Size,Determining TheSample Size,Types of Sampling,Non-probability Sampling,Probability Sampling,Advantages of ProbabilitySampling,Disadvantages of Probability Sampling,Probability and Non-probabilitySampling,Introduction,Hypothesis,Test of Hypothesis or Test of Significance,Null Hypothesis,AlternativeHypothesis,Level of Significance,Errors Sampling,Test Statistic,Critical Region or Rejection Regions,Test of Significance for Large Samples,Testing of Significance for Single Proportion,Testing of Significance forDifference of Proportions,Testing of Significance for Single Mean,Test of Significance for Difference of Meansof Two Large Samples,Test of Significance for the Difference of Standard Deviation,Test of Significance of Smallsamples,Standards t-Test,Properties of t-Distribution,Applications of t-Distribution,t-test for Significance of Mean of a Random Sample,t-test for difference of means of two small samples,Snedecors Variance Ratio Testor F-test,Assumption F-Test,Application of F-test,Properties of F-test,Chi Square ( 2) Test,Application of 2-test,Important Uses of 2-test,2-test as a Test of Goodness of Fit,c2-Test as a test of Independence,AnotherForm of F-Test,Analysis of Variance (ANOVA),Classification Model,ANOVA-one way classification,ANOVA Two-Way Classification (Manifold Classification).Time Series and ForecastingIntroduction,Utility of Time Series Analysis,Component of Time Series,Forecasting and ForecastingModels,Secular Trend or Trend (T),Measurement of Secular Trend,Freehand or Graphic Method,Method of Semi-averages,Method of Least-squares,Method of Moving-averages,Limitations of the Method of Moving


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Averages,Simple Averaging Method,Modified Averaging Method,Percentage Trend (Or Ratio to Trend)Method,Link Relative Method,Measurement of Cyclical Variation,Measurement of RandomVariation,Reliability and Precision of Forecasting and Forecasting Methods.

Unit 5: Statistical Quality Control : Introduction,Advantages of Statistical Quality Control,Reasons for Variationsin the Quality of A Product, Techniques of Statistical Quality Control,Applications of Statistical QualityControl,Control Charts,Type of Control Charts,Control Charts for Variables,Control Charts for Attributes.

Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental EquationsIntroduction,Some Important Properties of Equation,Solution of Equation,Order of Convergence and Rate of Convergence,Bisection Method,Rate of Covergence of Bisection Method,Regula Falsi Method,Convergence of Regula Falsi Method,Newtons Method Or Newton-Raphson Method,Rate of Convergence in NewtonsMethod,Some Deductions from Newton-Raphson Formula.

UNIT 6 : Interpolation : Interpolation,Forward Differences,Backward Differences,Shifting Operator (E),MeanValue Operator or Average Operator (),Central Operator ( ),Relation Between E and ,Relation Between and ,Differential Operator (D),Newtons Binomial Expansion Method,Newtons Forward DifferenceFormula,Newtons Backward Difference Formula,Interpolation with Unequal Intervals,DividedDifferences,Properties of Divided Differences,Newtons Divided Difference Interpolation Formula,RelationBetween Divided Differences and Ordinary Differences,Merits and Demerits of Lagranges Formula,LagrangianInterpolation Formula,Inverse Interpolation.

UNIT 7 : Solution of Linear Simultaneous Equations : Solution of Linear Simultaneous Equations,CramersRule,Gauss Elimination Method,Working Rule of Gauss Elimination Method,Gauss Seidal Method,III-conditions Equations,Method to Improve Accuracy of an Ill-conditioned System,Crouts Method (CholeskysMethod).Numerical DifferentiationIntroduction,Derivative of Newtons Forward Formula,Derivatives Using Newtons Backward DifferenceFormula,Derivative Using Stirlings Interpolation Formula,Derivative Using Newtons Divided DifferenceFormula,Lagranges Interpolation Formula.Numerical IntegrationNewtons Quadrature Formula ,Trapezoidal Rule ,Working Rule ,Simpsons 1/3rd Rule ,Working Rule ,Simpsons3/8th Rule.

UNIT 8 : Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations : Solution of Differential Equation,Picards Method,InitialValue Problem and Boundary Value Problem,Numerical Solution of a Differential Equation,Working Rule forPicards Method,Eulers Method,Modified Eulers Method,Runge-Kutta Method,Second Order Runge-KuttaMethod,Third Order Runge-Kutta Method,Fourth Order Runge-Kutta Method,Simultaneous DifferentialEquations.

Section-V : IT Infrastructure and Its Management

UNIT 1: Introduction to MIS : What is an Information System?, Need for Information Systems, CompetitiveBusiness Environment, Why Business Need Information Technology?, Emergence of the Global Economy,Transformation of the Business Enterprise, Digital Convergence, Interactive Multimedia, Role of InformationTechnologies on the Emergence of New Organizational Forms, Change in Business Environment, IT andOrganizational Design, IT-enabled Organizational Transformation, Four R's of Business Transformation, FiveLevels of IT-induced Reconfiguration, Information and Knowledge Economy, Distributing Knowledge: Officeand Document Management Systems,Creating Knowledge: Knowledge Work Systems,Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems,Contemporary Approach to Information System,Information System ManagementChallenges,Strategic Business Challenge,Globalization Challenge,Information ArchitectureChallenge,Information Systems Investment Challenge,Responsibility and Control Challenge,Ethical and SocialIssues of Information System,A Model for Thinking about Ethical, Social and Political Issues,Key TechnologyTrends that Raise Ethical Issues,Ethics in an Information Society.


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UNIT 2: Information System in the Enterprise : Enterprise Information System,Sales and Marketing InformationSystems,Activities or Functions of Marketing Information Systems,Interactive Marketing,TargetedMarketing,Manufacturing Information Systems, Computer-integrated Manufacturing (CIM),Human ResourceInformation Systems (HRIS),HRM and the Internet,HRM and the Corporate Intranet,Staffing theOrganization,Training and Development,Accounting Information Systems,Cross-functional EnterpriseSystems,Enterprise Application Architecture, Enterprise Application Integration,Enterprise CollaborationSystems, Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Types of Transactions,Characteristics of Transaction Processing

Systems,Features of TPS,Decision Support System (DSS),Management Information System (MIS),ExecutiveSupport System (ESS), Role of ESS in the Organization,Benefits of ESS,Advantages of ESS,Disadvantages of ESS,Functional Prospectives of Information System,Sales and Marketing Systems,Manufacturing andProduction Systems,Finance and Accounting Systems,Human Resources Systems,Enterprise Systems(ES),Benefits of Enterprise Systems,Challenge of Enterprise Systems,Enterprise Information Systems(EIS),Strategic Uses of Information Systems,Firm-level Strategy and Information Technology,Industry-levelStrategy and Information Systems,IS Techniques to Gain Competitive Advantage,Economic Organizational andBehavioral Impacts,Economic Theories,Behavioral Theories,It Impact on Decision-making,Traditional andContemporary Management,Implications for System Design,Leveraging Technology in the Value Chain,MIS andCore Competency,Strategic Information System (SIS),Observing Strategic Behavior,Characteristics of SIS.

UNIT 3: Electronic Commerce and Digital Organization : Electronic Commerce,Definition of ElectronicCommerce,Digital Organization,Internet Based Business Model,How Internet Business Models Work,Business-2-Business,Business Models for Conducting B2B E-Commerce,Advantages of E-Commerce for B2B Businesses, Systems for Improving B2B E-Commerce,Examples for OnlineBusiness-to-Business Model, Examples for Online Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Model,Electronic DataInterchange (EDI), Business-to-Customer,Role of Intranet,How Intranets Support ElectronicBusiness,Intranets and Group Collaboration,Intranet Applications for Electronic Business,Roles of Intranet in Organization,Four Purposes of an Intranet.

UNIT 4: Business Hardware/Software and it Infrastructure : Computer Systems Hardware,CentralProcessing Unit (CPU),Memory or Storage, Input/Output Devices,Software Concepts,SystemSoftware,Application Software, Programming Languages, IT Infrastructure,Value of IT Infrastructure,Roles and Views, Evolution of It Infrastructure,Electronic Accounting Machine Era: 1930-1950,General-purpose Mainframe and Minicomputer Era: 1959 to Present, Personal Computer Era: (1981to Present),Client/Server Era (1983 to Present),Enterprise Internet Computing Era (1992 toPresent),Moore's Law,Moore's Law and Micro-processing Power,Law of Mass Digital Storage,Metcalfe's Law and Network Economics,IT Infrastructure Components, Other InfrastructureComponents ,Current Trends in Hardware Platforms,Interactive Multimedia, Smart Cards andMicrominiaturization,Network Structure,Information Technology on the Emergence of Networks,Roleof IOISs within the Network Structure,Enterprise Software,Types of Enterprise Software, Groupware,Conversations, Transactions, Collaborations.

UNIT 5: Business Networks and Telecommunications : Telecommunication, Communication Technologiesin Business, Videoconferncing, What is Videoconferencing?, Basic Videoconferencing Technology,Wireless Payments, Wireless Payment System, Design of Wireless Payment System, Bandwidth, Whatis Network Bandwidth?, Internet Connection Bandwidths, Network Medium, Twisted-pair Cable,Coaxial Cable, Networks and Their Type, Goals of Networks, Classification of Networks, BroadcastNetworks, Point-to-point or Switched Networks, Network Topology, Bus Topology, Star Topology,Ring Topology, Tree Topology, Mesh Topology, Cellular Technology, Applications of Network, Typesof Computer Networks, Metropolitan Area Network (MAN),Wide Area Network (WAN),Advantages of Networks, Protocols, Classification of Protocols, Internet Networking Services, Future of Networking

Technologies, Broadband Telephony, VOIP,RFID and Convergence.


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UNIT 6: Database and Datawarehouse : Database,Traditional vs Database Approach,Files the TraditionalApproach,Database The Modern Approach,Database Models,Relational Model,Object-orientedModel,Hierarchical Model,Network Model,Database on the Web,What is a Web Database?,DaffodilDB: A Web Database,PHP,PHP and Daffodil DB: Together?,Data Warehousing,Characteristics of DataWarehouse,What is a Data Warehouse?,Use of Data Warehouses in Organisations,Need to Build aData Warehouse.The Wireless Revolution : Wireless Revolution,Wireless Network Technologies,BusinessValue,WIMAX,Broadband Access,Limitations,EVDO,First Sight of EVDO,M-commerce,Future of M-commerce,Specific Advantages of Mobile Commerce,M-Commerce Services andApplications,Application in CRM,Killer App Elusive, Probably Impossible,Customers will Choose theirPersonal Killer App,Four Principles for Building Mobile Customer Relationships,Web Based CRM vsHosted CRM,Application in Supply Chain and Healthcar

UNIT 7: Decision Support : Introduction to Decision Making,Levels of Decision Making,Structured andUnstructured Decisions,Structured Decision,Unstructured Decisions,Structured versus Unstructured,Types of Decisions and Systems,Stages of Decision Making,Individual Models of Decision Making,TheRational Model,Bounded Rationality and Satisficing,Muddling Through, Psychological Types and

Frames of Reference,Organizational Models of Decision Making, Bureaucratic Models,PoliticalModels of Organizational Choice, Expert System,Basic Properties of an Expert System,Expert SystemDefinition,Need of Expert System,Building Block of ExpertSystem,Analysis,Specification,Development,Deployment,Decision Support System,Need for anExpanded Framework,Types of Decision Support System,Data-Driven DSS,Model-DrivenDSS,Knowledge-Driven DSS,Document-Driven DSS,Communications-Driven and Group DSS,Inter-Organizational or Intra-Organizational DSS,Function-Specific or General Purpose DSS, Components of DSS, Examples of Dss Applications, DSS and MIS, Group Decision Support Systems,GDSSCharacteristics and Software Tools, Features of GDSS, Goals of GDSS, Limitations of GDSS, GeographicInformation System, Views of GIS, Components of GIS,Advantages of GIS,Application of GIS,Major

Areas of Application.

UNIT 8 : Business Intelligence and Knowledge Management : Business Intelligence, Customers,Competitor, Business Partners, Economic Environment, Internal Operations, KnowledgeManagement, Data Mining, Definition of Data Mining, Architecture of Data Mining, How Data MiningWorks, Online Analytical Processing, Characteristics of OLAP, The FASMI Test, OLAP Data Modelling,Executive Dashboards, Features of Executive Dashboards, Benefits of Executive Dashboards, BusinessProcess Management, Types of Knowledge Management Systems, Explicit Knowledge, TacticKnowledge, Knowledge Work Systems, Requirements of KWS, Examples of KWS, OrganizationalIntelligence.

UNIT 9: Redesigning the Organization with Information System : Systems as Planned OrganizationalChange,Linking Information Systems to the Business Plan,Establishing Organizational InformationRequirements,System Development and Organizational Change,Business ProcessReengineering,Implications of Business Process Reengineering,What is Business Process?, Definitionof BPR,Process Improvement and Total Quality Management,How Information System Contribute toTotal Quality Management, Overview of Systems Development,Systems Analysis,EstablishingInformation Requirements, System Design,The Role of End Users,Completing the SystemsDevelopment Process,Alternative System Building Approaches,Traditional Systems Lifecycle,Prototyping,Application Software Packages,End-user Development,Management OpportunitiesChallenges and Solutions,Unproven Business Models,Business Process Change Requirements.


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Section-VI : Object Oriented Programming with C++

UNIT 1 : Object Oriented Paradigm : Evaluation of Programming Paradigm ,Software Evolution ,Study ,Analysis, Design ,Implementation , Maintenance, A look at Procedure-oriented Programming Paradigm ObjectOriented Programming Paradigm , Basic concepts of Object Oriented Programming ,benefits of OOP.

UNIT 2 : Object Oriented Programming Languages : Object Oriented Programming Languages ,Applications of OOP ,C++ at a Glance ,Applications of C++ ,Structure of a C++ Program ,Running C++ Program .C++ Data Types : C++ Character Set ,Token, Identifier and Keywords ,Constants and Variables ,Data Types,Creating Constants , Creating Variables ,User-defined Data Types ,Enumerated Data Type ,Type Compatibility,Derived Data Types .

UNIT 3 : Operators and Expressions ,Arithmetic Operators ,Assignment Operators, Assignment Expression,Comparison Operators (Relational Operators) ,Logical Operators ,Shift Operators ,Special Operators ,The sizeof Operator , Operator Precedence and associativity ,Type Conversions ,Statements .

UNIT 4 : Control Flow : Branching ,Simple if Statement ,If-else Statement ,Nested If-else Statement ,Else-if

Statement ,Goto Statement ,Switch Statement ,Looping ,For Loop ,While Loop ,Do-while Loop ,BreakStatement ,Continue Statement .

UNIT 5 : Arrays : Arrays ,Array Declaration ,Important Points about Arrays ,Multidimensional Arrays ,RowMajor, Column Major ,Strings ,Sequential Fixed Length Structure ,Linked List Fixed Size Nodes ,StringsManipulations , Character String Output Functions.

UNIT 6 : Functions : Function in C++ ,Function Components ,Function Arguments ,Default Arguments ,LibraryFunctions ,Function Invocation Methods ,Call by Value ,Call by Reference ,Recursion ,Inline Functions . Classes And Objects : Class Specification ,Accessing Class Members ,Defining Member Functions , Data Hiding,A C++ Program with Class ,Nesting of Member Functions ,Static Data Members ,Static Member Functions.

UNIT 7 : Arrays of Objects , Objects as Function Arguments ,Returning Objects ,Friend Functions ,ClassRelationship ,Types of Relationships ,Base Class and Derived Class (Super class and Sub class) .Constructors And Destructors : Constructors ,Parameterized Constructors ,Constructors with DefaultArguments ,Copy Constructors ,Dynamic Constructors ,Destructors ,Order of constructor & destructor calls.

UNIT 8 : Operator Overloading And Type Conversions : Overloading Unary Operators ,Overloading BinaryOperators using Friends ,Manipulation of Strings using Operator Overloading ,Rules for Overloading Operators, Type Conversions ,Basic to Class Type , Class to Basic Type ,One Class to Another Class Type.

UNIT 9 : Inheritance : Defining Derived Classes ,Single Inheritance ,Making a Private Member Inheritable ,

Multilevel Inheritance , Multiple Inheritances ,Hierarchical Inheritance ,Hybrid Inheritance ,Virtual BaseClasses.

UNIT 10 : Virtual Functions And Polymorphism : Virtual Functions ,Need for Virtual Functions ,Pointers toDerived Class Objects ,Pure Virtual Functions , Abstract Classes ,Rules for Virtual Functions.

UNIT 11 : Data File Operations : Data File Operations ,Opening a File ,Closing an Opened File ,Stream StateMember Functions , Reading/Writing a Character from/into a File ,Structures and File Operations ,Classes andFile Operations.


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Semester IV

Section-I : Computer Graphics

UNIT 1: Overview of Computer Graphics : Introduction ,Computer Graphics System ,Interactive Graphics ,Passive Graphics ,Application of Computer Graphics , Display Devices : Introduction ,Display Devices ,CathodeRay Tube.

UNIT 2: Bit-Mapped Graphics ,Graphics Attributes ,Refresh Cathode Ray Tubes ,Random Scan Displays ,Raster-Scan Displays , Color CRT Monitors ,Direct-View Storage Tubes (DVST),Plasma Panel Displays ,Thin FilmElectroluminescent displays ,

UNIT 3: Light Emitting Diode (LED) ,Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) ,Hard Copy Output Devices.

UNIT 4: 2-D Graphics :Introduction ,Scan Conversion ,Digital Differential Analyzer

UNIT 5: Bresenham's Algorithm ,Integer Bresenham's Algorithm ,General Bresenham's Algorithm ,CircleGeneration Algorithms,Bresenham's circle generation algorithm,Midpoint Circle Algorithm ,Ellipse Generationalgorithms ,Midpoint Ellipse Algorithm ,Arc Generation algorithms ,Fill Algorithms

UNIT 6: Fundamentals of Antialiasing ,Dithering ,2-D Graphics Transformations , Geometric and CoordinateTransformations, Transformation Composition ,2-D View and Clipping ,

UNIT 7 : Exterior and Interior Clipping ,Viewport Transformation ,Polygon Clipping ,Text Clipping.

UNIT 8 : Interactive Graphics :Introduction ,Interactive Graphic Devices ,Interactive Graphical Techniques ,Basic Interaction Tasks ,Basic Drawing Method.

UNIT 9: Computer Graphics Software :Introduction ,Graphics Kernel System ,PHIGS/PHIGS+ .

UNIT 10: 3-D Graphics : Introduction ,3-D Graphics Transformations ,Coordinate Transformations ,3-DProjections, Perspective Projection on a Plane with C(0,0,0) , Perspective Projection on a Plane with C(a,b,c),Parallel Projections ,3-D Viewing and Clipping.

UNIT 11: Hidden Lines and Surfaces Scan line Entries (a) (b) (c) (d) ,Importance of Wireframe Models ,Demeritsof Wireframe Models ,Representing a Polygonal Net Model ,Bezier Curves and Surfaces ,B-Splines.

UNIT 12: Multimedia : Introduction ,Multimedia Hardware,Multimedia Software Tools , Application Areas forMultimedia, Multimedia Components Hypermedia ,Multimedia Technology.

Section-II : Computer Organization

UNIT 1 : Number Systems : Different number systems ,Decimal Number system ,Binary Number System,conversions ,Decimal to Other Number Systems ,Binary System to Other Number Systems ,Octal NumberSystem to Other Number Systems , Hexadecimal System to Other Systems ,complements,arithmetic operationin binary number system ,Addition , Subtraction ,Multiplication ,Division ,Floating Point , Representation of numbers ,Fixed Point Format ,Floating Point Format ,binary codes ,BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) ,EBCDIC(Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) ,Excess-3 Code ,Gray Code.

UNIT 2 : Basic - Logic Gates Buffer Gate ,NOT Gate ,OR Gate,AND Gate ,NOR Gate ,XOR Gate ,NAND Gate,XNOR Gate ,Logic Circuits , Universal Gates: NOR and NAND ,Multiple Input Gates ,Boolean Algebra ,BooleanVariable ,Boolean Function , Dual of a Boolean Function ,Inverse of a Boolean Function ,Boolean FunctionRepresentation ,Canonical Forms , Sum of Minterms or Sum of Product (SOP) Form ,Product of Sum (POS)


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Form ,Standard form ,Boolean Function Simplification: Algebraic Method ,Boolean Function Simplification:Karnaugh Map Method ,Drawing the K-map ,Filling in the minterms in the K-map ,Simplifying the K-map,Implications of Cell Groups , Applications of K-map Digital Circuits ,Don't Care Conditions.

UNIT 3 : Combinational Logic Circuits Design : Combinational Circuits ,Design Procedure ,Adders ,Half-Adder,Full Adder ,Subtractors ,Half-Subtractor ,Full-Subtractor ,Multiplexers and demultiplexers ,Multiplexers,Demultiplexer ,Encoder and Decoder ,Encoder , Decoder ,Parallel adders.

UNIT 4 : Sequential Circuits : Concept of Sequential Logic ,Flip-flops ,S-R Flip-Flop ,The Clocked S-R FLIP-FLOP,The J-K FLIP-FLOP, Preset and Clear ,Race-Around Condition ,The Master-Slave J-K FLIP-FLOP ,D-Type FLIP-FLOP ,The T-type FLIP-FLOP, Registers ,Serial-Input Parallel Output ,Series-In, Series-Out Register ,Parallel-In-Serial Out ,Parallel-In Parallel Out ,Right-Shift, Left-Shift Register ,Counters ,Ripple (ASYNCHRONOUS) Counters,Up-Down Counter ,Divide-by-N Counter ,Synchronous Counters ,Mod-10 or Decade Counter ,MOD-5Counters ,Mod-3 Counter , Synchronous Decade Counter .

UNIT 5 : Register Transfer And Micro Operations : Register Transfer ,Bus System ,Micro operations ,RegisterTransfer Micro operations , Arithmetic Micro operations ,Logic Micro operations ,Shift Micro operations,General Register Organization ,Stack Organization ,Register Stack ,Memory Stack ,Instruction Formats ,Three-Address Instructions ,Two-Address Instructions ,One-Address Instructions ,Zero-Address Instructions , RISCInstructions ,Addressing Modes ,Data Transfer and Manipulation ,Data Transfer Instructions ,DataManipulation Instructions ,Micro Programmed Control ,Conditional Branch Instructions ,Subroutine Call andReturn ,Program Interrupt ,Types of Interrupts , RISC Characteristics .

UNIT 6 : Input-Output Organisation : Peripheral Devices ,Input-Output Interface ,I/O Bus and InterfaceModules ,I/O versus Memory Bus ,Isolated versus Memory-mapped I/O ,Example of I/O interface ,DataTransfer Technique, Asynchronous Data Transfer , Strobe Control ,Handshaking ,Asynchronous Serial Transfer,Asynchronous Communication Interface ,Mode of Transfer ,Programmed I/O (PIO) ,Example of ProgrammedI/O ,Interrupt-Initiated I/O ,I/O interrupts ,Daisy-Chaining Priority ,Parallel Priority Interrupt ,Priority Encoder,Interrupt Cycle ,Software Routines ,Initial and Final Operations ,Direct Memory Access (DMA) ,DMA Controller,DMA Transfer ,Input-output Processor (IOP) , CPU-IOP Communication ,Channel .

UNIT 7 : Memory Organisation : Memory Unit ,Main Memory ,Auxiliary Memory ,Other Types of Memory,Types of RAM ,Memory Hierarchy , Associative Memory ,Hardware Organization of Associative Memory,Working ,Read Only Memory ,Building Large Memories Using Chips ,Cache Memory ,Basic Operation of Cache,Performance of Cache Memory.

UNIT 8 : Associative Mapping ,Direct Mapping ,Set Associative Mapping ,Virtual Memory ,Paging ,PageReplacement , Page Fault ,Page Replacement Algorithms , TLB (Translation Lookaside Buffer) ,Demand Paging.

Section-III : Database Management Systems

UNIT 1 : Introduction To Databases : Database and its Hierarchies ,Why a Database? ,History of Databases,Types of DBMS ,Record Based Logical Model ,Physical Models ,Object-oriented Model.

UNIT 2 : Database Environment : Database and DBMS Software ,Database Architecture ,Three LayeredArchitecture ,Three Views of Data ,Data Independence ,Database Languages and Interfaces ,Characteristics of Database Approach.

UNIT 3 : Relational Model : Logical Data Models ,Relational Data Model ,Characteristics of Relation ,RelationalModel Notation ,Relational Constraints and Relational Database Schemas ,Querying Relational Data ,UpdateOperations ,The Delete Operation.


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UNIT 4 : Relational Algebra and Calculus : Relational Algebra ,Relational Operations ,PROJECT Operation(Denoted by p) ,Set Operations ,Join Operations , Additional Relational Operations ,Relational Calculus.

UNIT 5 : SQL: Data Manipulation : SQL Language ,Non-procedural ,Unified Languages ,Embedded SQL ,SQLDatabase Objects ,Object Naming Conventions ,Object Naming Guidelines ,Tables ,Views ,Indexes ,SQL DataTypes ,Character Data Types , NUMBER Data Type ,RAW and LONG RAW Data Types ,MLSLABEL Data Type,Nulls ,DDL, DML and TCL Commands ,Data Definition Language Commands ,Data Manipulation Language

Commands ,Transaction Control Commands ,Retrieving Data ,Retrieving the Entire Table ,Retrieving SpecifiedColumns ,Retrieving Rows Satisfying a Given Condition ,Inserting Data ,Updating Data , Deleting Data.

UNIT 6 : SQL: Data Definition : Creating and Altering Tables ,Views ,Sequence ,Index .

UNIT 7 : Database Planning, Design And Administration : Database Application Life-cycle ,Alternate SystemDevelopment Methodologies ,Database Planning , System Definition ,Requirements Collections and Analysis,Database Design ,DBMS Selection, Application Design , Database Administration .

UNIT 8 : Entity Relationship Modelling : Database Design ,Entity, Attributes and Entity Sets ,Entity ,Attribute,Entity Set ,Relationships and Relationship Sets ,ER Diagrams ,Cardinality Constraints ,Key Constraints,Additional Features of ER Model ,Generalization and Specification ,Aggregation ,Conceptual Database Designwith the ER Model .

UNIT 9 : Normalization : Anomalies in Databases ,Redundancy ,Inconsistency ,Update Anomalies ,GoodDatabase Designing ,Informal Design Guidelines for Relational Schemas ,Functional Dependencies,Normalization ,First Normal Form (1NF) , Second Normal Form (2NF) ,Third Normal Form (3NF) ,Boyce-CoddNormal Form ,Fourth Normal Form (4NF).

UNIT 10 : Conceptual and logical Database Design :Conceptual Database Design ,Conceptual Database DesignMethodology Features ,Steps Involved in Conceptual Database Building ,Logical Database Design ,CriticalSuccess Factors in Database Design ,Steps Involved in Logical Database Building.

UNIT 11 : Physical Database Design For Relational Model : Physical Database Design ,Factors InfluencingPhysical Database Design,Physical Database Design Features , Physical Database Design Decisions,StepsInvolved in Physical Database Building.

UNIT 12 : Monitoring and Tuning the Operational Systems : Proactive Database Monitoring ,Database SystemImplementation ,Database Tuning in Relational Systems , Tuning Indexes ,Tuning the Database Design ,TuningQueries . Database SecurityAccess Control ,Security Mechanisms Common to All Databases that Implement SQL ,Discretionary AccessControl ,Mandatory Access Control ,MAC Precludes Informal Access Decisions, Polyinstantiation ,AdditionalIssues to Security ,Role of Database Administrator ,Security Administration ,Statistical Database ,Security inStatistical Databases ,Encryption and Auditing.Transaction ManagementTransaction ,Properties of a Transaction ,Transactions and Schedules ,Commit and Rollback, Concurrency ,Locking ,Types of Locks ,Conversion of Locks ,Timestamp Ordering ,Multi-version Concurrency ControlTechniques.

UNIT 13 : Query Processing : Query Execution Algorithms ,External Sorting ,Implementing the SELECTOperation ,Implementing the Search Operation ,Implementing Project and Set Operations ,ImplementingAggregate Operations ,Heuristics in Query Optimization ,Notation for Query Trees and Query Graphs ,HeuristicOptimization of Query Trees ,General Transformation Rules for Relational Algebraic Operations, HeuristicAlgebraic Optimization Algorithm


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UNIT 14 : Distributed Databases : Distributed Database ,Data Distribution Advantages ,Data DistributionDisadvantages ,Functions of Distributed Database Management System ,Components of Distributed DatabaseManagement System ,Levels of Data and Process Distribution ,Types of Distributed Database Systems ,DDBMSTransparency Features ,Issues in Distribute Database Designing ,Data Fragmentation ,Data Replication ,DataAllocation ,Query Processing in Distributed Databases ,Semi-join ,Client-Server Database ,Distributed DataAccess ,ODBC Connectivity .

UNIT 15 : Object-Oriented Database Management Systems :Object-oriented Databases,Database Design of OODBMS,Important Characteristics Associated with Object-oriented Databases ,Structured Data Types andtheir Operations ,Database Design of ORDBMS ,Database Design of Object-relational DBMS (ORDBMS),Comparing RDMBS, OODBMS and ORDBMS .

UNIT 16 : Oracle Rdbms Architecture :Oracle Database Definitions ,Oracle Tables ,Organization of Data inOracle ,Logical Database Structure , Tablespaces ,Data Blocks, Extents and Segments ,Data Block Format,Physical Database Structure ,Oracle Tools , Stand-alone Tools ,Administration Tools.

Section-IV : Information Systems

UNIT 1 : Basic Concepts of Operating System :Introduction

UNIT 2 : Computer Hardware & OS Interaction ,Functions ,Components ,System Structure .

UNIT 3 : Process Scheduling : Introduction ,Threads ,Inter Process Communication

UNIT 4 : CPU Scheduling Criteria, CPU Scheduling Algorithms.

UNIT 5 : Process Synchronization : Introduction ,Process Synchronization Concepts

UNIT 6 : Critical Section Problems ,Synchronization Hardware , Semaphores, Classical problems of synchronization ,Monitors.

UNIT 7 : Deadlock : Introduction ,Basic Concepts of Deadlock ,Deadlock Prevention, Deadlock Avoidance andDetection , Recovery from Deadlock.

UNIT 8 : Paging : Introduction, Segmentation : Introduction

Section-V : Signals and Systems

UNIT 1 : Signals and Systems : Signals ,Types of Signals and their Representation ,Coninuous-time Signals,Periodic and Aperiodic Signal ,Even (symmetric) and Odd (Anti symmetric) Signals ,Energy and Power Signals,Deterministic and Random Signals.

UNIT 2 : Rectangular Function ,Interrelationship between Unit Step, Unit Impulse and Unit Ramp ,ComplexExponential and Sinusoidal Signals ,Sinusoidal Signals ,Triangular Pulse Func

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