Buddhism the Prey of All Beasts

8/15/2019 Buddhism the Prey of All Beasts

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trSwfw& "r®'ge

od k Y

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rS----------------------------

Ak'b̈mom

(od k hr[kwf )om;&Jwd k hMum;u awmrJ Uom;aumif


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tdE´ d,Ed kifiH\ bmoma&;ESif h bmoma&;qd kif&m ouf&SdoufrJhrsm;taMumif;udk ajym&vQif Ak'¨ bmomud k csef&pfxm;vd k Y r&paumif;/ Ed kifiH hOaoQmifuae atmufajcvlwef;pm;txd vd kuf emusif h oH k;Mu

aom Ak'¨bmomonf trdajray:rS Muufaysmuf-iSufaysmufqd k ovd k aysmufuG,fcJ h&onf/ rsufarS mufacwf&S d tcd kiftrm wnf&S daeaom tjcm;bmoma&;

qdkif&mrsm;ud k wpfpdwfwpfa'o wifjyjcif;jzifh Ak'¨ bmom\ twdwfu jzpf&yfrS efrsm;ud k rS ef;qMunf hEd kifrnf[k ,lqrdonf/ ZmwdzGm;csif;wlaomfvnf;wpfcku]wnf}NyD; wpfcku]ysuf}&onf h ywf0ef;usif


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4 t&SifOwårmeE´

ud k qifjcif oH k;oyf&ef jzpf onf/ Ak'\̈ tqH k;trwd kif;

rNrJaomocF gud kjrif í oHa0*,lEd kif ovd k? tzsufqD;cH b0ud k jrif&í ocF ef;pmvnf; ,lEd kif ygonf/

tdE´d,EdkifiH\ bmoma&;udk ajc&maumuf

aomtcg a0'? jA[®P? tm&nuESif h Oyed oQ'f wd k Yud kawGU&rnfjzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif jrifomatmif rlvtpESif h tapmqH k;jzpfaom bmomud kjy&vQif [dE´ L jzpfonf/ jAm[®PykPÖm;awG BuD;pdk;í jA[®P0g'

tjzpf pmayrsm;wGifxif&S m;ovdk vl odvnf; rsm; onf/ usefvlwef;pm;rsm;u ud k;uG,f olrsm; aemufvd kufrsm;tjzpf om tNrJjzpf&onf/ 4if;0g'ud k rBud Kuf

í orP0g' ay:vm&onf/ od k Yjzpf í t"dutm;jzif h orPESifhjAm[®P0g'ESpfckudkom tvG,frSwfom;Edkifonf/


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Ak'¨ bmom (od k Yr[kwf) om;&Jwd k YMum;u awmrJ h om;aumif 5

orPqdkonfrSm tdrf&mwnfaxmif vlwdkY

abmifrS cG mvQuf awmawmifxJ vSnh fvnfum opfO? opfzk? opfoD;rsm; pm;oHk;NyD; b0\'ku©taygif;rSvGwfNidrf;&mudk &SmMujcif;jzpfí NcdK;NcHaomtusifh

(wy) &Sdolrsm; tvdkenf;olrsm;tjzpf azmfjyMu onf/ jA[®Pwd k Yurl om;r,m;ESif h pnf;pdrftjynf hjzif h aexd kifNyD; vGwfajrmufrIqd k onfud k rl yd kifvk yfuma&mif;csolrsm;jzpf í vl Yrvd kifrsm; a&ay:qD vlwef;

pm;rsm;tjzpf ord kif;aMumif;wpfavQmuf todtrSwfjyK cHMu&onf/ odkY&mwGif tdE´d,ü jA[®PwdkYudk,aeYtcsd efxd bmoma&;-vlrIa&;t&jzpfap? pD;yG m;a&;-ynma&;t&jzpfap tzuf zufu ausmfvG efEd kifjcif; r&S dao;yg/ Ak'¨ yGif hxG ef;&mtcsd efESif h taomurif;vufxufwdkYwGif acwårQ arS;rSdefcJh½Hkom&SdaMumif;

ordkif;taxmuftxm;rsm;t& odEdkifygonf/


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aexdkifusif hBuHolrsm;tjzpf xif&Sm;um tdE´ d,EdkifiH

ae&ma'o tawmfrsm;rsm;wGif ,aeYtcsdefxdawGUEdkifao;onf/

*s de f;bmomESi f hywfoufNy D; twk,lp&m

aumif;onfrS m olwd k Y bmomtay: xm;&S d onf h o'¨ gw&m;jzpf onf/ þtcsufu trS efw&m;[k qd kvd kjcif;r&S d yg/ ud k,f,H kMunf&mud k r,drf;r,d kif cd kifcd kifrwfrwfavQmufvSrf;onf h pdwf"mwfud k om wifjyjcif; jzpf yg

onf/ ud k,f,H kMunf&m vrf;aMumif;ay:rS rnf onf htaMumif;aMumif hrQ twdrf;tapmif;r&Sd bJ cd kifrmpG m&yfwnfaejcif;udk qdkvdkjcif;jzpfygonf/

2012-ckESpf Ed kif0if bmvxJü tdE´ d,Ed kifiHwGifurÇ mvH k;qd kif&mtqif h bmomaygif;pH k nDvmcHwpfckusif;ycJ h onf/ OD;aqmif olrsm;u *sdef;bk ef;BuD;rsm;tm; Ed kifiH\ txifu& bmomwpfcktaejzif h tqd k yg



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yJ Gud kwufa&muf&ef zdwfMum;cJ h&m tpyd kif;u vufcH

cJ haomfvnf; aemuf yd kif;usrS pDpOf olrsm;\ oabmxm;rSwfcsufaMumif h nDvmcHwufa&muf&ef jiif;qefcJ hjcif; jzpf onf/ tqd k ygyJ G od k Y Ed kifiHwumrS oHwref

rsm;? ynm&Sifrsm;? aiGaMu;wwfEdkifí 0wfaumif;pm;vS0wfaom olwdk Ytac: *kPfoa&&Sd vlBuD;vlaumif;rsm; polwd k Y wufa&mufMurnf/ od k Yjzpf&m

yJGpDpOf olrsm;u *sdef;bkef;BuD;rsm;tm; tcrf;tem;

umvtwGif; t0wftpm;0wfNyD; wufa&mufzdk Y yefMum;cJhonf[k qdkygonf/ ,if;tcsufu *sdef; bkef;BuD;rsm;udk urÇmvHk;qdki f&m bmomaygif;pHknDvmcHBuD;odkY rwufjzpfapcJhjcif;yif/

txufazmfjyyg taMumif;t&mrS m taotcsmpOf;pm;Munfhxdkufaom tcsufjzpfygonf/ *sdef;

bkef;BuD; *sdef;bmom[k odMujcif;rSm tusifhrsm;

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tqH k;rrsm;xuf t0wfrygbJ rdarG;wd kif; zarG;wd kif;

aexdkifjcif; (Naked) aMumifhom jzpfygonf/wpfenf;tm;jzif h udavomacgi f;yg;atmif[k,lqumusif haom t0wfr0wfjcif;onf yif 4if;wd k Y\

tusifhtjzpf rSwf,lvdku rSwf,lEdkifygonf/ þtcsufudk *s def;bmom0ifrsm;ESif h bkef;BuD;rsm;udk,fwdkifu owdxm;rdNyD;jzpfonfud k oH o,jzpf

zG,f r&S d yg/ 4if;wd k Y todtrSwfjyKcH&NyD; ud k,fwd kifvnf;

todtrSwfjyKaom t0wftpm; r0wf bJae&muae0wfNyD;awmhwuf&vQif olwdkY\ udk,fydkifoauFw(Identity) aysmufoGm;rnf jzpfonf/ nDvmcHwufa&muf olrsm;ud k 'g[m *sd ef;bk ef;BuD;awG ygyJ[krdwfqufvQif yif twkrsm;tjzpf om awG U&awmhrnf

om/ rjrif zl;p&m &S dEd kifaomfvnf; Mum;zl;em;0&S dNyD; om; vlrsm;taejzif h ,H kMunf&ef cufcJayvdrh frnf/



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,aeYvd k enf;ynmacwfü rjrif zl;bl;ol yif &S m;ay

vdrhfrnf/ odk Y jzpfí om,mem;olrsm;tjzpfvnf;rSwf,loGm;Edkifygonf/

avmuoabmonf taumif;xuf tqd k;ud k

jrifvG,f onf/ trS efxm; trS m;ud k vG,fvG,fvufcH onf/ acwftqufqufrS ynm&SiftoD;oD;wd kYu[kwf onf rS ef onf[k 0efcHxm;aom Ak'¨ bmomud k yifr&ru tjypf& Sm Muonf/ r Se fonf r Sm;onf

tyxm;? *sd ef;bk ef;BuD;wd k YuJ h od k Yaom ,H kMunfcsufrsm;udk,fhbmomtay: cH,lcsuftay: xm;EdkifMuNyDvm;[k ud k,f hud k,fud k ar;cG ef;xkwf oif h ygonf/

orPtk yfpkwGif jrwfpG mbk&m;ESif h oHCmawmfrsm;ud kvnf; xnf h oGif;xm;onf/ od k Y&mwGif toGifwlaomfvnf; trlt&m rwl? tusif h rwlyg/&aomtusKd;ESifh yef;wdkifvnf; awmifESifhajrmuf?

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ta&S UESif htaemufvd k uG mjcm;ygonf/ t"du uG mjcm;

csufrS m tpG ef;vGwfusif hpOf (rZÑdry#d y'g)ESif h tpG ef;a&mufusif hpOf (tEÅ )wd k Y jzpf ygonf/

txufazm f jyygtcsufwd k Y jzi f h tdE ´ d,rS

tapmydkif; bmoma&;rsm;udk orPESifh jAm[®P[l í tk yfpktm;jzif h ESpfrsKd;om&S daMumif; awG U&ygrnf/jAm[®PykPÖ m;wd k Y onf tdE´ d,\ oufwrf;t&if hqH k;

bmomjzpfaom [dE´L0g'udk OD;aqmifolrsm; jzpf

onf/ jAm[®Ptk yfpk onf awmNrd Kif&d yfrS D;olrsm;xufNrdKU&Gmrsm;ay:u aMu;&wwfrsm;tjzpf xif&Sm;yg

onf/ orPtk yfpkwGifrl Ak'ËSif h oHCmawmfrsm;vd kwpfrsKd;? *sd ef;wd k Yvd k t0wfud k,fruyfaom tk yfpkuwpf oG,f? tZdw auo urÁvESifh ZrÁ Ku-wdkYvd kqH yif? opf&Gufpojzif h xl;xl;qef;0wfqif olwd k Yuwpf zH k pH kvSayonf/



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w&m;OD;"r®pMumwGif tpGef;w&m;ESpfyg;udk

azmfjyxm;onf/ cE¨ mud k,fud k,fud k n§Of;yef;ES d yfpuf onf h ]]twåudvrx}}ESif h umr*kPfud k &orQ tqH k;r&S d cHpm;aom ]]umrokcv’ duEka,m*}} usif hpOfwd k Y

jzpfonf/ ,if;usifhpOfrsm;t& Ak'¨acwfrwdkifcif orPtkyfpkonf trsm;tm;jzifh twåudvrx-xJ yg0ifNyD; erlemtm;jzif h *sdef;tkyfpk? uóy&aohnDaemif &Sifwpfaxmif? ZrÁ Ku wuú;'G ef; polwd k Yud k

MunfhEdkifonf/ Ak'¨\vrf;pOfrSm tqdkyg tpGef;ESpf bufrS vGwfaom tv,ftvwfusif hpOf rZÑdry#d y'gjzpf onf/ r*¾if 8-yg;tjzpfvnf; xif&S m;onf/

touf 16-ESpfaemuf yd kif; awmrxGufcif 29-ESpft&G,ftxd od'r̈if;om;\ eef;awmfxJu b0ud k jAm[®Pvrf;pOft& umr*kPfcHpm;onf h umr

okcv’ duEka,m* tpG ef;a&mufusif hpOfwGif awG U&yg

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rnf/ awmxGufNyD; w&m;usif h oH k;onf h bk&m;tjzpf

ra&mufcif ajcmufESpfwmumvudkrl cE¨mudk,fudktjyif;txef ES d yfpufum vGwfajrmufjcif; 0drkwå dud k&Smí twåudvrx-tpGef;xJusa&mufonfudk

awGU&ygrnf/ ,if;aemufrS tpGef;vGwfvrf;pOftv,ftvwfusif hpOfjzif h tEÅdryef;wdkifa&muf bk&m;jzpfcJ hNyD; a0ae,swd k Ytm;vnf; tqd k yg vrf;pOftwd kif; a[mMum;awmfrlcJ hjcif; jzpf onf/

tdEd́,onf Ak'¨ bmom\ pçwifaygufzG m;&mrlvae&mjzpf onf/ ZmwdajrwGif at'D-12 &mpktxdESpfaygif;rsm;pG mMumatmif edrf hcsnfwpfcg omcsnfwpfvSnh f jzpfaomfvnf; cd kifcd kifrmrm &yfwnfEd kifcJ h onf/Ak'¨ yGif hawmfrl&mumvud k bDpDajcmuf&mpk[k ynm&SiftoD;oD;wd k Y todtrSwf jyKxm;onf/ bDpD oH k;&mpkwGif taomurif;onf ol Yvufxufrwd kifrD Mum;



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umvu Ak'¨ bmom\ z½d kr&JjzpfrIrsm;udk jyefvnf

tzwfqnf wnf hrwfatmif taxmuftyH hay;Ed kifcJ h onf/

Ak'¨rsufarSmufü aumov? AdrÁ dom&ESif h

rv’mrif;wdk Yvd k &Sifbk&ifrsm;? Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpH NyD;tapmyd kif;umv tZmwowf? od&D"r® maomuwd k Yvd krif;rsm;? aemuf yd kif;omoemud k tqufrjywfatmifusm;uefay;cJ h onf h a'0geH yd,wdóESif h 'k|*grPd-

wdk Yvd k oD[kdVf bk&ifrsm; pojzif h acwftqufquftpdk;&toD;oD;tay:ü Ak'¨bmomonf rlwnfcJh& aMumif; ord kif;aMumif;u jyoaeygonf/ jrefrmEd kifiHtaejzif h ajym&vQif taemf&xmuJ h od k Yaom bk&ifrsm;jzpf ygonf/ od k Y&mwGif Ak'¨ bmomonf vufatmufcHtaejzifh r[kwfovdk? tkyfcsKyfoltaejzifhvnf;

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r[kwfyg/ vrf;aumif;ñTefjy oGefoifjyoolrsm;

(Mentor) tjzpf om awG U&ygrnf/tkyfcsKyfol &Sifbk&ifrsm;u omoemawmfudk

taxmuftyHhjyKolrsm;om jzpfonf/ rlvuyif

]]&mZ}}ESif h ]]"r®}}oD;jcm;pDjzpfaMumif; awG U&ygrnf/ od k Y&mwGif &mZm-ud k "r® m-jzif h xd ef;ay;&aMumif;ud k,HkrSm;p&m r&Sdyg/ þESpfckudk enf;rSefvrf;rSefjzifhaygif;EdkifrSomvQif avmutwGuf tusKd;&SdEdkifNyD;

tqdkyg a0g[m&ESpfckudk udk,fpm;jyKolrsm;twGufvnf; &nfrS ef;&m yef;wd kiftoD;oD;ud k a&mufEd kifrnfjzpfonf/ a&jrifhvQif Mumwifh&onfh oabmudk

erl emjyKEd kif onf/ a&onf Ed kifiHtk yfcsKyf olrsm;ESif hwlNyD;Mumonf omoemESifhwlonf/

oD&dvuF mü rdrdESif htwl wuú od kvfwpfckwnf;rSm ynmoif,laepOf &if;ESD;aom rdwfaqG&[ef;



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wpf yg;u ]]omoemESif h Ed kifiH b,f[mu txufrS m

&S dovJ}}[k wpfcgu ar;zl;onf/ ]]omoem}}(Teaching) qd k onfud k bmoma&; (Religion)tjzpf a&S;OD;pG m em;vnfxm;&ygrnf/ bmomw&m;

onf qkay;'Pfay;pepf(The System of Reward

and Punishment) jzif h tjypfay;cGif h csD;ajr§ mufcGif h&S daom tpd k;&r[kwf ovd k? ,if;od k Yvk yf&ef vk yf yd kifcGif htmPmvnf;r&S d yg/ vrf;ñT efjyo qH k;r½H krQom jzpf

onf/ rvdkuf emí tjypfray;Ed kif ovd k? vd kuf emvd k Yvnf; qkray;Ed kif yg/ od k Yjzpf&m ]]bmom}}ud k Ed kifiH(Country or Common) ESif h EI dif;,SOfvd kufvQifrl

bmomonf 4if;rSDcdk&mEdkifiH\ tpdwf ydkif;wpfckrQudk om awG U&ygrnf/ txufatmufpum;jzif hajym&vQif bmomonf EdkifiH\atmufrSm &Sdygonf/ trSefrSmtxuf-atmufqdk onfxuf tpdwftydkif;qdk onf

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u ydkNyD; oifhavQmf ygonf/ wpfOD;wpfa,mufcsif;

(Individual) taejzif hrl &Sif bk&ifrS mjzpfap olawmif;pm;rS mjzpfap bmomonf eH ygwf-1 jzpf onf/ yk*¾ d KvfwpfOD;wpfa,mufcsif;pD\ ,H kMunfrIt& bmoma&;

onf txufrS m &S d onf/Oyrmtm;jzif h ud k,f hrd brsm;onf tpd k;&½H k;wpfckwGif omref0efxrf; tedrf hqH k;0efxrf;av;rQyif jzpfapumrl udk,fhtwGufawmh ½Hk;rSmtBuD;tuJqdkol

xufvnf;aumif;? tBuD;tuJwdkY\ tBuD;tuJtqifhqifhxufvnf;aumif;? tqHk;pGefajym&vQif

or®wxuf yif ta&;ygonf/ tNrJwrf; eH ygwf-1rS m &S d onf/ teaEÅ m-teEÅ ig;yg;wGif rd bud kxnf hxm;jcif;rS m ud k,f htwGuf ud k,f hrd bjzpf onf/ tvm;wl

yif tjcm;olrsm;twGuf oufqdkif&m rdbwdkYjzpf onf/ udk,fhtwGuf teEÅyk*¾dKvfonf olYtwGuf



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tvkyform;wpfa,mufrQom jzpfEd kifovdk? olY

twGuf teEÅ yk*¾ d Kvfuvnf; ud k,f htwGuf ta&;ryg ol jzpfEdkif ygonf/

EdkifiHtk yfcsKyfolrsm;udkvnf; txufygtwkdif;

em;vnf&ygrnf/ or®wonf ol\yk*¾dKvfa&;t& ol,H kMunf&m bmomonf eH ygwf-1 jzpfNyD;? oltk yfcsKyfaom Ed kifiH zJ G Upnf;yH kpepft& bmomonf tpdwf

yd kif;rsm;pG mxJu wpfckrQom jzpf ygonf/ tuef Y owf

r&S daom trsm;qd kif (Universal) t&rl bmomonf od k Yr[kwf Ak'¨ omoemonf Ed kifiH htxufrS m &S d ygonf/Ed kifiH onf oufqd kif&m yd kif eufa'oud k om ud k,fpm;jyKEdkifNyD; omoemonf pMu0VmBuD;wpfckvHk;ud k yifud k,fpm;jyKygonf/ ol Yae&mESif h cJ Gjcm;em;vnfrS omqDavsmfrI vdkufavsmnDaxGjzpfrI &Sdygrnf/ tzJGU

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21/40

tpnf; odk Yr[kwf trsm;qdkifESif h wpfoD;yk*¾v

oabmud k cG Jjcm;em;vnf zd k Y &nf&G,f ygonf/ bmomw&m;onf ud k,fusif hw&m;ESif h opö m

w&m;ud k om ud k,fpm;jyKvQif vlwd kif;twGuf bmom

w&m;xuf ta&;ygaom? xd yfwef;usaom? tjrif hqHk;aomt&m r&SdEdkifawmhyg/ Ak'¨bmomtaejzifhajym&vQif ud k,f hvGwfajrmufrItwGuf ud k,fwd kif tm;xkwf&rnfjzpfí wpfOD;csif;ta&;ygrIudk A[kdjyKyg

onf/ wpfOD;csif;aumif;&mrS tm;vHk;aumif;zdk Yjzpf ygonf/ vlnDvd k Y þ-ud kuRJ zwfaom ,aeYacwftrsm;BudKuf EdkifiHa&;oabmw&m;jzifh toGifrwl

yef;wdkifrwljcif;wdk YaMumifh cs defxdk;MunfhzdkY tqifhtwef;n§ d zd k Y vrf;aMumif;rwl yg/ od k Y&mwGif ]]vlwd kif;

onf Ak'¨bmomtwGuf rjzpfEdkifaomfvnf; Ak'¨ bmomurl vlwd kif;twGufjzpf onf}}qd kaompum;

Ak'¨ bmom (od k Yr[kwf) om;&Jwd k YMum;u awmrJ hom;aumif 19


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ud krl tav;xm;&ygrnf/ tar&duef or®wa[mif;

atA&m[ifvifuG ef;u ]]aumif;wmvk yfvd k Y aysmf&Tif&NyD;? raumif;wmvkyfvdkY pdwfqif;&JrIudk cHpm;&

onfrS m ol\bmoma&;jzpf onf}} [k qd kcJ h ygonf/

txufyg t,ltqudk tEÅdropömtaejzifhwifjyjcif; r[kwf yg/ avmutrS efud k uk d,fjrif onf htwd kif; wifjyjcif;rQomjzpf onf/ rZÑdredum,f? Oy&d

yPÖ omygVd? 0d b*F0*f? t&P0d b*F okwfü bk&m;&Sif

udk,fwdkifuyif avmuESif h tjiif;tckefrvkyfzd k Y&[ef;awmfrsm;tm; qH k;rxm;ygonf/ qd kvd k onfrS mavmutrS eft& vlwpfa,muf\ trS ef onf tjcm;wpfa,muftwGuf trSefjzpfcsifrS jzpfygvdrhfrnf/vlwpfa,muf\tpmonf tjcm;olwpfa,muftwGuf tqd yfjzpf onfqd k onf h pum;twd kif; jzpf yg

onf/ jiif;ck efjcif;jzif h tusKd;r&S dEd kif yg/ aqG;aEG;jcif;

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jzif h om tajz&S mEd kif &Ed kif ygonf/ &Sif;atmifajym&vQif

Ak'¨bmom&[ef;awmfwpfyg;twGuf opömav;yg; onf y&rw¬taejzif h &S dNyD;om; jzpf ygonf/ od onf htwd kif; tuk efvd kufrusif hEd kifwmuvJ GNyD; todazmuf

jyefoGm;rnf r[kwfyg/ trSef[k,lqonfhtwdkif;ajym&rnfhwm0ef-0wå&m;&Sdí ajym&jcif;om jzpf onf/

aMumif;-usK d;qufoabm (Cause and

Effect) ud k k ajym&mrS m taMumif;wpfckwnf;aMumif htusKd;wpfck jzpf&onf[k qdkvdkjcif; r[kwfyg/taMumif;awG trsm;BuD;aygif;rS od k Yr[kwf taMumif;aygif;pHk tusKd;wpfck jzpfvm&onfhoabmjzpfNyD;t"dutaMumif;wpfckud k om ,lNyD; taMumif;aMumif htusKd;jzpf[k qd kvd kjcif;omjzpf onf/ wpfcsKd Uu udpöwpfckajymqd kaomtcg ud k,f ht,ltqESif h rwd kufqd kif



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vQif jzpfpOfay: taMumif;t&may: a0zefjcif;r&S d bJ

bk&m;a[m r[kwf í y,fcsifMuonf/ bk&m;a[mud krnfrQ vd kuf emEd kifNyDvJ[k qef;ppf oifh ygonf/

]]omoem-onf wdkif;jynftkyfcsKyfolwdkY\

csD;jr§if haxmuf yH hrItay: rlwnf onf}} (omoeH emr&mZm y"meH) [k qd kaom pum;ud k ]]bk&m;a[mr[kwf q&mawmfhvufcsufBuD; xifygw,f}}[k

y,fcsifMuonf/ ajymvdkuf&if taMumif;t&mudk

ra0zef bJ ud k,f eJ Yrud kufwd kif; ]]q&mawmf hvufjzpf?aemufjzpf}}awGjzif h t|uxm #Dumrsm;yg vTif h ypfcsifaeNyDxifonf/ q&mawmhfvufjzpf aemufjzpfrd k Y

y,fcsif&if udk,fawGyif &Sif&[ef; jzpfvmEdkifp&m&Sdrnfrxifyg/ ]]ax&0g'}}qdkonfh pum;uyifxif&Sm;NyD; jzpfonf/ tpOftvmudk trSeftjzpf

22 t&SifOwårmeE´


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vufcHjcif;r[kwfbJ? trSefudk tpOftvmtjzpf

vufcHjcif;jzpfonf/q&mrsm;í t,l0g'rsm; axGjym; a00g;ae

aom umvmrri f ;wd k Ytm; jrwfp Gmbk&m;u

taMumif;t&mwpfckESifhywfoufNyD; oHk;oyfqHk;jzwfEdkifatmif auorkwådokwfü tBuHay;cJhonf/tvkyfwpfck jyKrl-ajymqdk-BuHpnfrIESifhywfoufí

(1) raumif;rI[k odvQif (2) tjypf&S d onf[k odvQif

(3) ynm&Sdwdk Y uJh&JUtyfaom t&m[kodvQifESifh (4) ,if;tvk yfud kvk yf í tusKd;rJ hjzpfum qif;&J 'ku©a&mufrnf[k odvQif 4if;ud k a&S mifMunf&rnf jzpf

onf/ taMumif;t&mudk ra0zefroHk;oyf bJ ykwfcwfvd k½H krQMunf hvQif jrm;'Pf&mud k aq;uk zd k Y rBud K;pm;bJ jrm;ypfol jzLovm; rJ ovm;? &Snfovm;wd k ovm;? qif;&J om;vm; vlcsrf;omvm; pojzif h



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t&ifpH kprf;onf h Oyrmvd k jzpfaeonf/ wd kufqd kif í

xyfajym&vQif ]]rEkówå bma0g 'kv’abm}}1 wd k Yvd kxif&S m;NyD; trsm;oH k;aeaom ygVdpmom;onf yifvQifrl&if;ygVdawmfjzpfaom edum,fig;&yf? yd#uwf oH k;yH k

24 t&SifOwårmeE´

1 t|uxmrsm;ü tqdkyg ygVdpmom;ESif h t"dyÜ g,fwlNyD; azmf jyyH ktenf;i,fuJ GNyD; awGU&onf/ 'kv’abm rEkówå y#dvmabm ('D?|?1?47/ oH?|?1?225/ tH?|?1?49) ESifh ck'´uedum,ft|uxmrsm;ü awGU&aom]]rEkóy#dvmabm 'kv’abm}} (okwå-ed?|?1?121/ Zm?|?1?404/ 4if;?5?221)wd k Y jzpf onf/ ]]vl Ytjzpfud k &jcif;onf cJ,Of;\}}[k awG U&ygonf/ t|uxm?

#Dumrsm;üyif txufygtoH k;twd kif; wdkuf½d kufr&S donfudk awG U&onf/t*F kw¬ d K&fygVdawmf yOöedygwftyg0if ygVdawmfrsm;ü tjcm;aom 'kv’ bvw&m;rsm;ud k awG U&ygonf/

"r® y'ygVdawmf *gxmeH ygwf-182 ü t"d yÜ g,fwlwpfck awG U&onf/]]udapäm rEkóy#dvmabm? udpäH rpö me ZD0dwH/ udpäH o'r̈®ó0eH? udapäm

Ak'¨ gerk yÜ ga'g}} ("r® y'?yg?40)/ ]]vl Ytjzpfud k &jcif;onf cJ,Of;\/ owå0gwd k Y\touf&Snfjcif;onf cJ,Of;\/ olawmfaumif;w&m;ud k Mum;em&jcif;onfcJ,Of;\/ bk&m;&Sifwd k Y yGif hxG ef;ay:aygufjcif;onf cJ,Of;\/}} 4if; t|uxmüvnf; rEkówåy#dvmabm emr udapäm 'kv’abm ("r®y'?|?2?152) [kom awG U&onf/


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xJü wdkuf½dkufrawGU&yg (pma&;ol rawGU jcif;rQ

omvnf; jzpfaumif;jzpfEdkifygonf/ wwfodvdr®muk efaom ynm&S d olawmfaumif;wd k Y ñT efjyawmfrlMu

yguk ef)/ oabmwl t"d yÜ g,fwlrsm;om &S d onf/

tm;vHk;odMuwJhonfhtwdkif; 0denf;aMumif;t& ajym&vQif omoemhOD;aqmif &[ef;awmfrsm;taejzif h ypönf;av;yg;ud k ud k,f h[meJ Yud k,f axmuf yH hvd k Yr&yg/ o*F g,emwifawmh rif;awG taxmuftyH h

,l&onf/ t"r®0g'rsm; jzpfyGm;vmawmhvnf;&mZu tultyH hay;&onf/ wpfpH kwpfckud k 0d kif;0ef;xrf;Mu o,f yd k;Mu&mrS m t&if;ESif h tzsm;oabmuawmh &S daernfom jzpfonf/ t&if;ESif hqdkifvQift&if;u y"mejzpfovdk? tzsm;ESifhqdkifvQifvnf;tzsm;u y"mejzpfonf/



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26 t&SifOwårmeE´

ra[mo"m rif;om;i,f b0u ]]tzxuf

om;ujrwf onf}}[k rif;om;tajymud k bk&if h ynm&S drsm;u 0d ki f;[m;NyD; avSmif Mu ajymif Muonf/rd baus;Zl; rodwwf oltjzpf uJ h&J U jypfwifMuonf/

aemufvd kufawGuvnf; q&mBuD;qd k olrsm; aemufvd kufNyD; bkrod brod vd kufuJ h&J U Muonf/ &Sif bk&ifuvnf; ckepfESpft&G,fjzifh tod-ÚmPfynmt&mausmfMum;aeaom ra[mo"mrif;om;udk awmf

aumufvdkpdwf r&SdovdkjzpfoGm;onf/ wdkif;jynftwGuf toH k;cszd k Y ynm&S da&G;wJ hudpörS m ]]tazu

om;xufjrwfvQif tazudk a&G;zdkY? om;u tazxufjrwfvQif om;ud ka&G;zd k Y}} wifavQmufvd kufawmhrS bk&if auseyfoabmusoGm;NyD; ra[mo"mrif;om;i,fudk ynm&Sdtjzpf a&G;cs,fcJhonf/ þtcsuf jzi f h ra[mo"mud k tjypfqd kvd k Yr&Ed ki f


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bk&m;avmif;r[kwfbl;[k rajymEdki f/ zciftay:

aus;Zl;uef;ol[lívnf; rqdkEd kifyg/ rwlnDwJhtajctaeESpfckud k wpf yH kpHwnf;xm;NyD; tajzrn§ d bJ

oD;jcm;pDydkifqdkifaeaom t&nftaoG;rsm;udk jrif

atmif MunfhzdkYvdk ygonf/avmu jyóemud k tajz&S m&mrS m avS eH"m;xpf wxpfcs rSwf,lvdkYr&EdkifwmawG rsm;pGm&Sdyg

onf/ ]]ighpum; EGm;&}}jzihf tEdkif,lvdkjcif;xuf

tajzrS ef&&S da&;twGuf aqG;aEG;n§ dEI dif;Muzd kY? rdvdE´rif;ud k em*aoerax&f rd ef Yawmfrl ouJ h od k Y rS m;vQifrSm;onfhtwdkif; 0efcHí? rSefvQif rSefonfhtwdkif;axmufcH&ef qd k onf h ynm&S dwd k Y\ aqG;aEG;enf;ud kvdkufemEdkif&ef xyfrHí wifjyygonf/ txl;ojzifh' DCedum,f? aomP'@okwfü jrwfpGmbk&m;rdefYawmfrlonfhtwdkif; ynmwwf½Hkjzifh rjynfhpHk?


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28 t&SifOwårmeE´

ud k,fusif hvH krS jynf hpH k onf qd k onf htcsufud k txl;

tav;*½kjyKMu&ef jzpfonf/Ak'¨bmomonf avmuom;tm;vHk;twGuf

raumif;rIrSa&Smifzdk Y oGefoifNyD;? aumif;rIaqmif

atmif vrf;jyonf/ pdwfudkjzLpifatmif usifh oH k;zkd Ywd kufwG ef;onf/ rnf onf htcsufursm; raumif;ygvdrhf/ atb&m[ifvifuG ef;onf þoabmw&m;udk rodaomfvnf; þtwdkif;yif wifjycJhonf/

od k Yjzpf&m taomurif;vd krsKd; Ak'¨ bmomud k Ed kifiHawmf\ t"dutpdwftyd kif;tjzpf toH k;csEd kif ygonf/

[dE´ L? *sd ef;ESif h Ak'¨ bmomwd k Y\ ZmwdcsufaMuGarG;&yfajrü [dE´LESifh *sdef;bmomwdkYudk ,aeYrsufarS muftxd awG UEd kifao;onf/ Ak'¨ bmomud krl tkwf yH ktkwfcJrsm; t


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omoemudk oDv&S dolwdk Yom apmif ha&S mufEd kif

rnfjzpfaMumif; a&S;olawmfaumif;wd k Y rSwfcsufjyKcJ h onf/ þonfrS m twGif;pnf; jzpf ygonf/ twGif;pnf;azmuf olrS m bmoma&;OD;aqmif olrsm;xJrS jzpf

Ed kifNyD;? 4if;wd k Y aemufvd kufrsm;vnf; jzpfEd kif ygonf/Ak'¨ y&d edAÁ mefjyKNyD; rMumrDrS myif ay:vmaom ok b'´&[ef;BuD;wdkYvdkrsK d; jzpfonf/ aemufwpfcsufrSmvnf; bmoma&;OD;aqmif olrsm;u rrS efuefaom

enf;jzif h vmbf&vd krI (vmb)? q&mBuD;wpfqljzpfNyD;tyltaZmfcHvd krI (ouú m&)ESif h xifay:ausmfMum;vd krI

(odavmu) wd k YaMumif h jzpf onf/ wpf yg;olrsm;tay: rDScdk í toufarG;olrsm;ü tjzpfrsm;wwfí txl;

owdcsyfp&m jzpf ygonf/ tjcm;taMumif;&if;rsm;rS mtwåud ka&S Uwef;wifrI rmefrmeaxmifvT m; 0g


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30 t&SifOwårmeE´

wd k YaMumif h jzpf onf/ twGif;pnf;ausmf ol od k Yr[kwf

twGif;&efolrsm;tjzpf rSwf,lEdkifygonf/tjyifpnf;taejzifh Ak'¨bmomonf tMurf;

zufNzd KcGif;cH& zsufqD;cH&aMumif; ord kif;rSwfwrf;rsm;

cdkifcdkifrmrm &Sdygonf/ Ak'¨yGifhawmfrl&m rlvr[maAm"d yif? emvE´ mwuú od kvfa[mif; ponfwd k Y jzpf onf/ tjyifpnf;wGif bmomtcsif;csif; tEk enf;jzif hESdyfuGyfcHcJh&ovdk? tMurf;zufowfjzwfcH&jcif;rsm;

txdrf;trSwf taqmuftOD;rS ef orQ vufpazsmufcH&jcif;rsm;? bmomudk;uG,f axmufyHholrsm;udktouftEÅ &m,fjyK Ncdrf;ajcmufrIrsm; yg0if onf/ Ak'-̈*,mud k yif [dE´ Lr[ef Ywd k YvufxJrS jyef,lEd kifcJ h onfrS mrMumvSao;/ oD[dkVfom; tem*g&du"r®ygv\OD;aqmiftm;xkwfrIaMumifhom jyef&jcif;jzpfonf/tdE´ d,ajrü Ak'¨ bmom uG,faysmuf&jcif;ud k NcH KiH k í


33/40


aumufcsufcs&aomf n§ yf yl;n§ yf ydwf twd kuftcd kufcH

&aom twGif;tjyif &ef olrsm;aMumif h jzpf ygonf/ bmomw&m;tay: *sdef;bkef;BuD;wdkYvdk pdwf

xm;Ed kifvQif? ud k,fxm;Ed kifcJ haomf ud k,f hrsKd;quf opf

ud kvnf; xm;Ed kifatmif vufqif hurf;ay;Ed kifcJ hvQifAk'¨ bmomonf tE´ d,ü tqufjywf oG m;p&m r&S d bJqufvufwnfp&m &SdEdkifajcrsm;ygonf/ tckawmhud k,f h ord kif;ud k ud k,frod í ud k,fuyif tpG ef;a&muf

oa,mif xifMujrifMu ajymqdkjcif; cHMu&onf/ emvnf;emao; eHvnf;eHao;qdkovdk jzpfonf/ud k,fucH&NyD; ud k,f yiftjypf zd k Y cH&jyef onf/ ]]ord kif;

oifwm rtatmifvd k Y}}[kqd kaom q&mBuD; a'gufwm oef;xGef;\ pum;jzifh tvSefajym&vQif ]]ordkif;roifvd k Y twJ h olawG}}jzpfaeMuonf/ yd kqd k;onfrS m


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32 t&SifOwårmeE´

wm0ef,lvd kpdwfr&S dMujcif;? wpf0rf;wpfcg;ud k wef zd k;

xm;Mujcif;wdkYaMumifh jzpfonf/avmuNidrf;csrf;zdk Y&ef avmuom;tm;vHk;ü

wm0ef&S d ygonf/ olawmfaumif;w&m; wnf&S daejcif;

onf wpfckwnf;aom avmuNidrf;csrf;aMumif; jzpf yg onf/ Ak'¨ bmomonf tarS mifcGif;í tvif;aqmifay;ygonf/ owfjzwfn§Of;qJjcif;? Edkifvdkrif;xufjyKrljcif; paom raumif;rIrsm;ud k wm;jrpfNyD; tcsif;

csif;tay:omru avmuwGif;&S d owå0grsm;tm;vH k;tay: arwå mxm;&ef oifjyonf h ppfrS efaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;twGuf tajccHtkwfjrpf jzpf ygonf/ rS efuefaom toufarG;rIwdk Y jzif h rdrdudkvnf;aumif;?avmuudkvnf;aumif; wefzdk;xm;&ef oGefoif

onf/ oufrJhavmutay: av;pm;rI&Sd&efvnf;tav;teufxm;onf/ A k' ¨bmom tqH k ;r


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(omoem)rsm; wnf&Sdatmif rdrdwdk YpGrf;&mzufu

BudK;pm;Edkifjcif;onf avmuNidrf;csrf;zdk Y taumiftxnfazmfjcif;yif jzpfygonf/

"r®tqH k;rrsm;jzif h rdrdud k,fud k Nidrf;csrf;atmif

wnfaqmufí rdrd&&Sdaom tNidrf;"mwfrsm;jzif havmutay: jzefYusufvTrf;NcHKEd kifjcif; &Sdygap[kqE´jyKygonf/

2015-ck? 'D Zif bmv? twG J -4? trSwf -4? xd kif ;Ed kif iHxkwf

]]wuúod kvf &[ef ;ysKd "r®pmapmif }}ü azmf jycJ haomaqmif ;yg;jzpf onf /

arwåmjzifh-t&SifOwårmeE´ (ay&ma'ed,wuú odkvf)

acwå-em*Zkewuúodkvf?*G efwl;Nrd KU? tE&̈my&ma'h&S fjynf e,f? tdEd ,́Ed kifiH/Monday, November 02, 2015


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34 t&SifOwårmeE´

Ref;

1. Chat.t.ha San.ga-.yana

- Tipit.aka 4.0. Software. 2008.

Igatapuri: VipaQana Research Institute.

2. twå0g'rS tewå0g'odk Y c&D;pOf? OD;a&Tatmif? &mjynfhpmtk yfwd kuf? &efuk ef? 1998/

3. Buddhism in India: Challenging Brahmanism and

Caste, By Gail Omvedt, Sage Publication, New

Delhi, 2003.

4. Constituting Communities; Theravada Buddhism

and Religious Cultures of South and Southeast

Asia, ed., By John Clifford Holt, Jacob N.

Kinnard & Jonathan S. Walters., State University

of New York PreQ, Albany, 2003.5. 2500 Years of Buddhism, By P.V. Bapat, The

Government of India PreQ, New Delhi, 1956.

6. http://www.upf.org/interfaith-programs/4766-

national-conference-on-interreligious-harmony-

to-take-place-in-india7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism

8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anagarika_

Dharmapala

9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism


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35

t&SifOwÅrmeE´(ay&ma'ed,wuúodkvf)\t&SifOwÅrmeE´(ay&ma'ed,wuúodkvf)\t&SifOwÅrmeE´(ay&ma'ed,wuúodkvf)\t&SifOwÅrmeE´(ay&ma'ed,wuúodkvf)\t&SifOwÅrmeE´(ay&ma'ed,wuúodkvf)\

xkwfa0NyD; pmpOfrsm;xkwfa0NyD; pmpOfrsm;xkwfa0NyD; pmpOfrsm;xkwfa0NyD; pmpOfrsm;xkwfa0NyD; pmpOfrsm;1/ pHjyKxd kufaomESvH k;om; 20092/ Essential Knowledge of English 2009

(uG ef ysLwmrl? oifwef;oH k;) 3/ olwd kYavQmufaomvrf; 2010

4/ Exam Guide For MA (uG ef ysLwmrl? t*Fvd yf) 20105/ pepfwusrS m; 20116/ 0efESif h*kPf 20127/ Ak'p̈mayvm acgif;aqmifrI ynmESif h

oabmw&m;rsm; 2013

8/ Ak'¨ bmomESif hacwf opfurÇm (vufurf;pmtk yf) 20139/ aqG;aEG;tajz&Sm aeYpOfjyóem

("r® okw &o pmpkrsm;) 201310/ yk*Hud k a&mufcJ hw,f 201411/ wwd,&wem (odk Yr[kwf) avmu\jynfhpH kjcif;

(vufurf;pmtk yf) 201412/ Ak'¨ bmomESif hEd kifiHa&; 201413/ r d k;ud kqGwf í EG HrS mepf ol (vufurf;pmtk yf) 201414/ NrD (od k Yr[kwf) rNyD;qH k;aom &,ljcif; 201415/ vl? jyóemESif h tajz (vufurf;pmtk yf) 2015


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16/ rwlxl;jcm;"avhrsm;ESif h b0&orsm; 201517/ Ak'¨ bmom (od k Yr[kwf)

om;&Jwd k YMum;u awmrJ h om;aumif (vufurf;pmtk yf) 2016(,ck)

qufvufxkwfa0rnf hpmpOfrsm;qufvufxkwfa0rnf hpmpOfrsm;qufvufxkwfa0rnf hpmpOfrsm;qufvufxkwfa0rnf hpmpOfrsm;qufvufxkwfa0rnf hpmpOfrsm;1/ aqG;aEG;tajz&S m aeYpOfjyóem-2 2016


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Buddhism the Prey of All Beasts