Build back better strategy

BUILD BACK BETTER

Prepared by Architect Ramon L. Abiera ,uap [email protected] Tel 022966378 / 922 8076131

BUILD BACK BETTER

Advocacy for Resiliency and Sustainability

OBJECTIVE

To Promote build back better attitude with the aim ofattaining more resilient and sustainable reconstructionthereby help reduce the future cost to rebuild

Identify specific resiliency features ,define and createvisual technical details and create vital resiliency designtemplates for information dissemination

To assist monitor build back better implementation andvalidate performance against future events

Stress the URGENGY to act now during thereconstruction phase

Prepared by Architect Ramon L. Abiera ,uap [email protected] 02 2966378 / 922 8076131

To Promote build back better attitude with the aim ofattaining more resilient and sustainable reconstructionthereby help reduce the future cost to rebuild

Identify specific resiliency features ,define and createvisual technical details and create vital resiliency designtemplates for information dissemination

To assist monitor build back better implementation andvalidate performance against future events

Stress the URGENGY to act now during thereconstruction phase

Facts about the Disasters
















STORMS risk triggers other associated risk hazards

Critical Evaluation

Storms, floods and earthquakes causes the mostdamages human suffering/death ,disruption togovernance and cost to rebuild

Mitigating risk due to Storms, floods and earthquakescan reduce most damages , human suffering/death,disruption to governance and cost to rebuild

Most risk associated with Storms, floods andearthquakes can be prevented /minimized


Storms, floods and earthquakes causes the mostdamages human suffering/death ,disruption togovernance and cost to rebuild

Mitigating risk due to Storms, floods and earthquakescan reduce most damages , human suffering/death,disruption to governance and cost to rebuild

Most risk associated with Storms, floods andearthquakes can be prevented /minimized

Facts about re-construction

We need to build back better to avoid redundantrepetitive re-construction caused by recurrent eventssuch as typhoons.

The damages cost due to global disasters is increasingas the ferocity and destructiveness of disasters broughtabout by global climatic changes.

Except for the destructive storms surge , the most usualdamages are brought about by typhoon winds,floodings and earthquakes


We need to build back better to avoid redundantrepetitive re-construction caused by recurrent eventssuch as typhoons.

The damages cost due to global disasters is increasingas the ferocity and destructiveness of disasters broughtabout by global climatic changes.

Except for the destructive storms surge , the most usualdamages are brought about by typhoon winds,floodings and earthquakes


The damages brought about by strong winds aremostly related to the roofing system which includes theroofing sheet , eaves , vents, trusses, awnings, canopies,windows and doors.

As the strong winds find a weak spot in the buildingenvelope (mostly thru the roof ,windows and doors) theintegrity of the whole roofing system is attacked andleads to more interior damage and even completedestruction of the structure.


The damages brought about by strong winds aremostly related to the roofing system which includes theroofing sheet , eaves , vents, trusses, awnings, canopies,windows and doors.

As the strong winds find a weak spot in the buildingenvelope (mostly thru the roof ,windows and doors) theintegrity of the whole roofing system is attacked andleads to more interior damage and even completedestruction of the structure.


Examples would be residences, school buildings andopen large roof structures that have its roofing, eavesand windows damaged are more often found to becompletely destroyed as the winds are able topenetrate the interior space.

The result will be more property damages/destruction ,more human sufferings/death, more recovery efforts,more cost to rebuild and more disruption in governance


Examples would be residences, school buildings andopen large roof structures that have its roofing, eavesand windows damaged are more often found to becompletely destroyed as the winds are able topenetrate the interior space.

The result will be more property damages/destruction ,more human sufferings/death, more recovery efforts,more cost to rebuild and more disruption in governance


More often reconstruction efforts more centered inacquiring funds(Government or Humanitarian aidagency)

Often the LGUs damaged have no technical capacityto design and implement resilient and sustainableproject, hence reconstruction without necessarilybuilding back better.

Some building back better features cost practicallynothing more than additional nails etc. Such are notfully understood often overlooked and could meananother preventable cycle of destruction andreconstructionPrepared by Architect Ramon L. Abiera ,uap [email protected]

Tel 02 2966378 / 922 8076131

More often reconstruction efforts more centered inacquiring funds(Government or Humanitarian aidagency)

Often the LGUs damaged have no technical capacityto design and implement resilient and sustainableproject, hence reconstruction without necessarilybuilding back better.

Some building back better features cost practicallynothing more than additional nails etc. Such are notfully understood often overlooked and could meananother preventable cycle of destruction andreconstruction


A comprehensive analysis of recent global disasterstudies/ recommendations ,evaluating relevant/preventable recurrence .Mitigating solutions need tobe specifically identified , illustrated and detailed,adapted in building design plans, properlyimplemented and monitored to assure an effectiveresilient and sustainable re construction. Achieving truebuild back better program

Critical resiliency features not noted on reconstruction


A comprehensive analysis of recent global disasterstudies/ recommendations ,evaluating relevant/preventable recurrence .Mitigating solutions need tobe specifically identified , illustrated and detailed,adapted in building design plans, properlyimplemented and monitored to assure an effectiveresilient and sustainable re construction. Achieving truebuild back better program

Critical resiliency features not noted on reconstruction

BUILD BACK BETTER


Disaster Timeline cycle

This phase is theright time to ensurethat the reconstructionphase isincorporating resilientfeatures that canavoid/minimize theimpact of the nextdisaster event


This phase is theright time to ensurethat the reconstructionphase isincorporating resilientfeatures that canavoid/minimize theimpact of the nextdisaster event

Noted Observations

Deficient/lack of proper flood control system Location of structures within multi hazard zones LGUs Lack of technical capacity for resilient and

sustainable design Rising flood water level , stronger wind conditions Non resilient Roofing profile ,fixing and construction Non resilient projection , awnings and canopy design Unprotected/weak windows and door assembly Structural issues


Deficient/lack of proper flood control system Location of structures within multi hazard zones LGUs Lack of technical capacity for resilient and

sustainable design Rising flood water level , stronger wind conditions Non resilient Roofing profile ,fixing and construction Non resilient projection , awnings and canopy design Unprotected/weak windows and door assembly Structural issues

Noted Observations

Minimized safety factor used in structure design Inadequate corrosion protection Un-programmed additions and alterations in design Inadequate construction methods Inadequate quality control during construction Insufficient attachments and connections between

members( roofing to structure etc) Sub standard materials Poor workmanship and construction issues


Minimized safety factor used in structure design Inadequate corrosion protection Un-programmed additions and alterations in design Inadequate construction methods Inadequate quality control during construction Insufficient attachments and connections between

members( roofing to structure etc) Sub standard materials Poor workmanship and construction issues

Lack of insulation leading to higher energy cost andpoor indoor air and thermal condition

Files lost/damage result in disruption in governance anddifficulty in reconstruction efforts

Non use of open planning resulting in poor natural air/lighting, higher reconstruction cost and expensivefuture re -allocation of space

Poor maintenance leading to premature deterioration Inadequate safety conditions

Noted Observations


Lack of insulation leading to higher energy cost andpoor indoor air and thermal condition

Files lost/damage result in disruption in governance anddifficulty in reconstruction efforts

Non use of open planning resulting in poor natural air/lighting, higher reconstruction cost and expensivefuture re -allocation of space

Poor maintenance leading to premature deterioration Inadequate safety conditions

Mitigating Design features

Study and design adequate flood control with thepremise of continued rise in sea level and increasedvolume of rain fall.

Locate new housing in safer zones (multi hazard) andelevated above grade communities with projections forflood rise

Seek technical assistance for adequate resilient design Elevate above grade new construction and

incorporate resilient building roof profiles , materials,construction methods


Study and design adequate flood control with thepremise of continued rise in sea level and increasedvolume of rain fall.

Locate new housing in safer zones (multi hazard) andelevated above grade communities with projections forflood rise

Seek technical assistance for adequate resilient design Elevate above grade new construction and

incorporate resilient building roof profiles , materials,construction methods

Mitigating critical features

SPECIFIC CRITICAL ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES Roof ,windows and door resiliency is critical in

mitigation of wind damage risk to residential, largeopen structures(markets and the like),schools and othergovernment buildings

Arching the roof increases the roofing sheet resistanceto strong winds

Steep roof slope from recent disaster study help itsurvive strong storms

Insulate the roof space than ventilate to keep windsfrom getting into interior space thru vents


SPECIFIC CRITICAL ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES Roof ,windows and door resiliency is critical in

mitigation of wind damage risk to residential, largeopen structures(markets and the like),schools and othergovernment buildings

Arching the roof increases the roofing sheet resistanceto strong winds

Steep roof slope from recent disaster study help itsurvive strong storms

Insulate the roof space than ventilate to keep windsfrom getting into interior space thru vents


Reduce projections and overhangs to prevent wind gettinga grip on the surface

A hip roof design according to reports have better chanceof structure survival

Roof ridges and edge flashings with double rows offixings have been noted to keep the roof together

Use gauge 26 or better roofing sheet with nail fixings @every crest for holding down the sheets

Wind borne projectiles may penetrate the buildingenvelope during a storms


Reduce projections and overhangs to prevent wind gettinga grip on the surface

A hip roof design according to reports have better chanceof structure survival

Roof ridges and edge flashings with double rows offixings have been noted to keep the roof together

Use gauge 26 or better roofing sheet with nail fixings @every crest for holding down the sheets

Wind borne projectiles may penetrate the buildingenvelope during a storms


Secure sheet terminations and gutters with double rowsof nails fixings@ every crest and provide more bracketsupports

Eaves should be provided with fire resistive material tokeep winds from entering interior ceiling space and alsomitigating fire risk

In high wind conditions study indicates corners andedges are subjected to greater stress

Avoid equipment installation on roof as recent disastershave indicated being blown off or falling thru the roof


Secure sheet terminations and gutters with double rowsof nails fixings@ every crest and provide more bracketsupports

Eaves should be provided with fire resistive material tokeep winds from entering interior ceiling space and alsomitigating fire risk

In high wind conditions study indicates corners andedges are subjected to greater stress

Avoid equipment installation on roof as recent disastershave indicated being blown off or falling thru the roof


The entire Roofing system should be fully securedtogether and anchored to the structure againsttremendous wind loads and uplift

Use longer sheets to minimize joints Large open structures such as markets etc should have

XYZ bracings , insulation and ceiling to provide betterresistance to uplift and also provide a cooler space

Provide access to roof in case worst flooding to effectevacuation when necessary

Openings , windows , doors should have shutters or atleast boarded up during strong wind conditions .


The entire Roofing system should be fully securedtogether and anchored to the structure againsttremendous wind loads and uplift

Use longer sheets to minimize joints Large open structures such as markets etc should have

XYZ bracings , insulation and ceiling to provide betterresistance to uplift and also provide a cooler space

Provide access to roof in case worst flooding to effectevacuation when necessary

Openings , windows , doors should have shutters or atleast boarded up during strong wind conditions .


Aluminum framings for awnings , projections andcanopies from recent disaster reports do not performwell against very strong winds

Elevate new construction against increasingvulnerabilities due to flooding

Buildings with long or complex forms should havestructural gaps provided to prevent torsional damagesdue to earthquakes


Aluminum framings for awnings , projections andcanopies from recent disaster reports do not performwell against very strong winds

Elevate new construction against increasingvulnerabilities due to flooding

Buildings with long or complex forms should havestructural gaps provided to prevent torsional damagesdue to earthquakes


Openings such as doors and windows along wallsshould be spaced away from corners and edges formore resiliency to earthquakes

Provide for future expansion to avoid uncoordinatedplan additions that may lead to unsound structure

Plan elevated communities in a multi hazard free zone Avoid planting trees near structures


Openings such as doors and windows along wallsshould be spaced away from corners and edges formore resiliency to earthquakes

Provide for future expansion to avoid uncoordinatedplan additions that may lead to unsound structure

Plan elevated communities in a multi hazard free zone Avoid planting trees near structures


SPECIFIC CRITICAL ENGINEERING FEATURES Provide sufficient corrosion protection to ensure

structural soundness during major stresses. Use of SRconcrete and epoxy coated rebars for structuressubjected to intense environmental attacks such as nearsalty or near sea conditions.

earthquakes resiliency by bracing structural elements,footing tie-beams

Keeping the structure light helps minimize lateralstresses


SPECIFIC CRITICAL ENGINEERING FEATURES Provide sufficient corrosion protection to ensure

structural soundness during major stresses. Use of SRconcrete and epoxy coated rebars for structuressubjected to intense environmental attacks such as nearsalty or near sea conditions.

earthquakes resiliency by bracing structural elements,footing tie-beams

Keeping the structure light helps minimize lateralstresses


Ground columns and footings that may be subjected todebris borne raging floodwater should be designed tobe more robust and protected from scouring

Identify and Retrofit older buildings against increasingrisk vulnerabilities

Mounting heights of electrical outlets and switches toconsider projected Floodwater level

Where possible avoid electrical system within the roof –ceiling space


Ground columns and footings that may be subjected todebris borne raging floodwater should be designed tobe more robust and protected from scouring

Identify and Retrofit older buildings against increasingrisk vulnerabilities

Mounting heights of electrical outlets and switches toconsider projected Floodwater level

Where possible avoid electrical system within the roof –ceiling space


storms surge prone areas may need surge barriers Flood control may need to consider ever increasing sea

level rise and increased water volume of storms


storms surge prone areas may need surge barriers Flood control may need to consider ever increasing sea

level rise and increased water volume of storms

Clippings from disaster reports









Prepared by Architect Ramon L. Abiera ,uap [email protected] Tel 02 2966378 / 922 8076131







In order to address the Risk and recurrent destruction brought aboutby disasters , it is vital that the build back better policy need to beimplemented properly. It is imperative that critical resilient featuresidentified needs to be incorporated into the current reconstructionphase of the recent Yolanda tragedy. The right timing during thisphase can further ensure the successful mitigation envisioned . It ismore difficult and nearly improbable to address the risk after therebuild . Achieving this goal will help reduce the impact togovernance , society, human sufferings/death and also the cost to rebuild. More focused dedication to bring the specific mitigationsstrategies to the policy makers, LGUs, humanitarian aid agencies,designers , constructors and public. The specific mitigation featuresidentified cost little and does not affect significantly the re-construction cost, yet if not correctly and done now then the resultingpreventable destruction of cyclic disasters will be expectedlygreater.

CONCLUSION


In order to address the Risk and recurrent destruction brought aboutby disasters , it is vital that the build back better policy need to beimplemented properly. It is imperative that critical resilient featuresidentified needs to be incorporated into the current reconstructionphase of the recent Yolanda tragedy. The right timing during thisphase can further ensure the successful mitigation envisioned . It ismore difficult and nearly improbable to address the risk after therebuild . Achieving this goal will help reduce the impact togovernance , society, human sufferings/death and also the cost to rebuild. More focused dedication to bring the specific mitigationsstrategies to the policy makers, LGUs, humanitarian aid agencies,designers , constructors and public. The specific mitigation featuresidentified cost little and does not affect significantly the re-construction cost, yet if not correctly and done now then the resultingpreventable destruction of cyclic disasters will be expectedlygreater.

Strategies to identify, defined , incorporated , implemented ,monitored andvalidated can help assure the reduced impact of disasters. More often, theresulting rebuilds tend to continue the post disaster direction of design andrebuilding and neglect the vital details essential to properly mitigatecertain high impact risk. Mere rebuilding does not constitute mitigation andcan only result in cyclic reconstruction. Roofing vulnerabilities by itselfalready take a big share in the damages incurred. It is also noted thatsmall things can make a lot of difference in a structure’s surviving theonslaught of ever increasing ferocity and destructiveness of current climaticconditions. A team with the support of credible agencies dedicated to sucha task can help focus on the vital details of risk mitigation particularlyduring the re construction phase of Yolanda affected areas. In recentstudies, only a very insignificant factor of about 3% of disaster cost areactually utilized for mitigation of risk while the rest is concentrated inrecovery and reconstruction efforts . We have to try reduce preventableinstances of disaster by ensuring proper resiliency details are positioned toaddress particular vulnerabilities in our structures.

CONCLUSION


Strategies to identify, defined , incorporated , implemented ,monitored andvalidated can help assure the reduced impact of disasters. More often, theresulting rebuilds tend to continue the post disaster direction of design andrebuilding and neglect the vital details essential to properly mitigatecertain high impact risk. Mere rebuilding does not constitute mitigation andcan only result in cyclic reconstruction. Roofing vulnerabilities by itselfalready take a big share in the damages incurred. It is also noted thatsmall things can make a lot of difference in a structure’s surviving theonslaught of ever increasing ferocity and destructiveness of current climaticconditions. A team with the support of credible agencies dedicated to sucha task can help focus on the vital details of risk mitigation particularlyduring the re construction phase of Yolanda affected areas. In recentstudies, only a very insignificant factor of about 3% of disaster cost areactually utilized for mitigation of risk while the rest is concentrated inrecovery and reconstruction efforts . We have to try reduce preventableinstances of disaster by ensuring proper resiliency details are positioned toaddress particular vulnerabilities in our structures.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Clippings , Charts and illustrations were taken fromreports related to recent disasters documentations .


Documents

Build back better strategy