Building a Cruise Ship

Queen Mary 2

Building a Cruise ShipMe,

• A naval Architect, born in the Netherlands

• Shipyard new construction manager

• 33 years working for Lloyd’s Register of which 8 years in Miami, looking after cruise ships.

Building a Cruise ShipSchedule

Week one:• The plan to build a cruise ship• What is a present cruise ship, in comparison to the previous

passenger ship• Cruise ship stability• The preparation to construct the vessel• Overview of some of the ships built at Meyer Werft and others.

Building a Cruise Ship

Week two:• Regulatory requirements, more about IMO.• Load-line requirements• MARPOL (Marine Pollution) requirements• SOLAS Safety of Life at Sea• Fincantieri, Italy

Building a Cruise Ship

The plan• Many existing ships were used as cruise ship some of them

after a conversion.

• Most of the older passenger ships were steam ships.

• A passenger ship carried people from A to B, a cruise ship carries people to sight seeing places and entertain them during the voyage.

Building a Cruise ShipMardi Grass• Built 1961• Scrapped 2003• Carnival 1972-1993Carnivale• Built 1956 • Scrapped 2008• Carnival 1976-1994Festivale• Built 1961• Scrapped 2003• Carnival 1978-1996

Building a Cruise ShipMardi Grass• Ex Empress of Canada, Canadian Pacific Lines, Liverpool, UK.

Carnivale• Ex Empress of Britain, Canadian Pacific Lines, Liverpool, UK.

Festivale• Ex Transvaal Castle, Union Castle Lines, London, UK.

• All three ships were steam ships, turbine ships with oil fired boilers.

Building a Cruise ShipEmpress of Canada

T/S United States

SS United States

Built 1952Newport News Shipbuilding For $ 80 million

Out of service 1969

Presently laid up in Philadelphia

990 feet long, 101 feet wide

Max speed 44 mph

Building a Cruise Ship

Federico C

• Built 1958 for Costa Line

• 1983-1997 Sea Breeze of Dolphin Cruises

• Sunk in 2000 off the Virginia coast

Building a Cruise ShipRegulatory and inspection agencies.

• IMO, Inter-Governmental Maritime Organization.• Member states are mostly maritime country administrations.• Meet in London, UK, they are connected to the UN.• Produce the maritime safety laws and guidance notes• Classification Societies.• Inspections surveys and for most countries authorized to act on behalf of the

maritime administration.• Issue statutory certification to the ships they have inspected/surveyed and are

authorized to do so.• The major ones are a member of IACS, International Association of Classification

Societies

Building a Cruise Ship• ABS American Bureau of Shipping • DNV-GL Det Norske Veritas, Germanischer Lloyd• LR Lloyd’s Register• BV Bureau Veritas• RINA Registro Italiano• CLASSNK Japanese Class Society• KRS Korean Register of Shipping• CRS Croatian Register of Shipping• IRS Indian Register of Shipping• PRS Polish Register of Shipping• RS Russian Register• CCS Chinese Class Society

Building a Cruise ShipUSCG• USCG has an alternative compliance program for a number of authorized class

societies to carry out statutory surveys on behalf of the USCG and issue certificates. USCG inspect ships entering US water on an a regular basis.

• Many other flag states/countries have similar arrangements. Port State Control.

• Some of the class societies have the alternative compliance program approval are, e.g. ABS, DNV-GL, LR, RINA, ClassNK, KRS.

• A class society has construction rules and regulations, complying with IMO requirements/flag state requirements.

• They employ plan reviewers, surveyors, etc.

• They have offices and surveyors world wide.

Building a Cruise ShipStability

• B2/12t is an indication of the stability of a ship or the GM value,

• M being the metacenter level.• G the center of gravity of the

vessel• The correct value of the GM is

in accordance with following:• GM = t/2 + b2 /12t - h

Building a Cruise Ship

• GZ is the righting lever• GZ should be at least .20 m at an angle

equal to or greater than 30 degrees.

• GM should not be less than .15 m

• A small GM gives a soft/slow rolling pattern, a large GM gives a rough fast rolling pattern, high gyro forces and is un-comfortable for crew and passengers

Building a Cruise Ship

• CB = Center of Buoyancy

• CG =Center of Gravity

• B is the point where the vertical of the CB crosses the ship’s center line, or B =M

• When CG or G is above B, the ship is unstable

Building a Cruise ShipFree surface effect

• When a tank if completely full of liquid, there is no free surface.

• When the tank contents are slack, a list of the vessel will result in the contents of the tank flowing to the lower side.

• Moving the CG, center of gravity of the vessel, decreasing the GM value, also increasing the list of the vessel.

Building a Cruise ShipDamage stability

• Damage of a cruise/passenger ship side is assumed as follows:• Damage length of .03 Lbp but not less than 3 m• Vertical damage from the base line to 12.5 meter above the

deepest subdivision draught• Side penetration of .75 m• The ship to stay afloat when two water tight compartments are

flooded

Building a Cruise ShipWater Tight Bulkheads.

• Only one WT door is permitted in a WT bulkhead.

• The door shall be a sliding door capable of being closed from remote locations, navigating bridge, above the bulkhead deck, locally on both sides of the door.

Building a Cruise ShipSeven Seas Explorer

• Being constructed at Fincantieri Genoa, Italy

• For Regent Cruise Line

Building a Cruise ShipDouble Bottoms

The tank top shall be continued to the ship’s side. The height h shall be B/20, but in no cases less than 760 mm and no more than 2000 mm.Need not to be fitted in way of water tight tanks.Damage shall be as follows:Longitudinal extent 1/3 Ldb or 14.5 m, whichever is less.Transverse extent B/6 or 10 m, whichever is less.Vertical extent B/20 or 2 m, whichever is less.

Building a Cruise ShipSliding Door in a WT bulkhead

• A WT sliding door operable from the; • Wheelhouse• The bulkhead deck• Locally• Doors normally close automatically

after the door has been opened.• Can be over ridden• Should always be closed at sea• Only let a person pass.

Building a Cruise ShipThe design and purpose of the ship

• Company standard appearance • How many passengers to carry• For which itinerary suitable• Design office input • Shipyard input• Regulatory requirements, which flag state• Restricted dimensions• Propulsion/machinery• Delivery date

Building a Cruise ShipThe design

• Underwater lines • Frames plan/lines• Tank testing on scale model to determine the propulsion power

for the required speed.• Preliminary stability determination• Lay out for the accommodation/ passengers and crew.• Required navigation and communication equipment• Pollution prevention requirements

Building a Cruise ShipFrame Plan

• Right hand forward part, bow• Left the aft part, stern

• Frame plans are now digital

• Basic information to supply cut and shape plates and profiles.

Building a Cruise ShipPreparation for the actual building of the ship

• Programming of the input of; cut, shape and mark the steel plates and profiles.

• Ordering necessary equipment for the ship. Lead time may be long.

• Organizing sub contractors to carry out tasks during the building.• Sub contracting parts of the vessel to outside workshops and

shipyards.• Preparing a detailed planning for the building of the ship

Building a Cruise ShipMEYER WERFT. Papenburg, North Germany.

• MEYER WERFT was founded in 1795. • The company is in its sixth generation of family ownership. Bernard Meyer is

running the business since 1982.• After the era of timber ship construction the company began building iron

ships with steam engines in 1872. • MEYER WERFT has survived into the 21st century. Up to 400 seagoing ships

were registered in Papenburg in the 19th century.• In 1960 the company started building gas tankers and 1964 the first RoRo-ferry,

the MALMÖ, was delivered in Papenburg.

Building a Cruise Ship• In the last decades of the 20th and 21st century, MEYER WERFT has acquired

an excellent international reputation for building car and passenger ferries, RoRo and passenger ships, gas tankers, livestock carriers and, above all, luxurious cruise ships.

• Meyer Werft (located at Papenburg)

• Neptun Werft (located at Rostock) Eastern part of Germany

• Meyer Turku (located at Turku) Finland

Building a Cruise ShipLocation of Papenburg

• South East of Emden on the river Ems.

• Ems Sperwerk• The Ems barrier is a storm surge barrier

which also has a backwater function that enables ship transfers from Meyer Werft(shipyard).

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise ShipThis image cannot currently be displayed.

River EmsSperwerk

• Tidal barrier in the river Ems with doors to close a part of the river off from high tides.

• Also fitted with opening doors to let ships through.

Building a Cruise ShipRiver Ems Sperwerk

• Fitted in the river Ems close to where its reaches the North Sea, east of Emden

Building a Cruise ShipHomeric

• Meyer Werft 1985• 47000 t gross• 204m Length

• Westerdam 1988• Costa Europa 2002• Thomson Dream 2010- in service

Building a Cruise ShipHomeric

• Side ways launched.• A tradition for the many

shipyards in Northern Germany and Netherlands

• Mostly because they are constructed along narrow canals

Building a Cruise ShipCelebrity Silhouette

• Passing a narrow crossing of the road with the river.

• The bridge has been taken out for this occasion

• Note the fwdhinged out platforms on the mooring deck

Building a Cruise ShipThe winding river Ems.• A Meyer Werft new-

building being towed down the river Ems.

• The river from Papenburg to the Dollart Bay is approx. 36 kilometers

Building a Cruise ShipConstruction of a cruise ship• Being built in one of the

building docks from Meyer Werft, “Dockhalle 2”.

• Dockhalle 1 is 470 meters long, 101.50 meters wide and 60 meters high.

• Dockhalle 2 is 504 meters long, 125 meters wide and 75 meters high

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise ShipMid-ship section

• Floating mid-ship section of one of the Celebrity ships• This section was either built in one of the other yards from

Meyer or in Papenburg and un-dockted to let a completed constructed vessel out of the dock.

• Will be placed in the dock added to the already completed fwdor aft part of the vessel

Building a Cruise Ship

Celebrity Silhouette

• Meyer Werft 2011-07• 122210 t gross• Loa 315.70 m• Lbp 293.70 m• B 37.80• t 8.30• D 11.30• 2886 passengers

Building a Cruise ShipDock and Construction hall.

• Dock-Halle 2• Construction of

smaller sections of the ships.

• The part complete ship in the building dock

Building a Cruise ShipMeyer Werft

• Cruise ship under construction in the covered building dock

• The section being constructed next to the dock will have most of the equipment fitted

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise ShipCruise ship

• Under construction in the building dock of hall 2

• See the entrance bridges to the ship in above picture (44)

Building a Cruise ShipAida Stella

• Under construction in the covered dock next to the dock the section building location

• Completed in March 2013

• 71300 t gross• Loa 253 m

Building a Cruise ShipAida Stella

• Ship being completed alongside the yard.

• B 32.20 m• Speed 23 kn• Passenger cabins 1097• Passengers 2194

Building a Cruise ShipCelebritySilhouette

• Ship being fitted out

• See the overhanging navigation bridge wings

Building a Cruise ShipCelebrity Silhouette

Stern view of the ship

• Diesel electric propulsion• 2 Azimuthing pods• Total installed power 67200

kw• Speed 24 kn

Building a Cruise ShipDisney DreamDisney Fantasy

• Meyer Werft 2010-12• 129690 t gross• Loa 339.80 m• Lbp 297.00 m• B 40.50 m• t 8.32 m• D 21.75 m

Building a Cruise ShipNorwegian Escape

• Meyer Werft2015

• 165157 t gross• Loa 325.00 m• Lbp 200.20 m• B 41.40 m• t 8.62 m• D 11.60 m• 5000 passengers

Building a Cruise ShipRegal Princess Fincantiere yard # 6224

Building a Cruise ShipRegal Princess• Princess Cruise Lines• Part of the Carnival

Corporation• Service speed 22 kn• Built 2014-05

FincantieriMonfalcone

Building a Cruise ShipBalcony Cabin

• Example outboard cabin with balcony

Building a Cruise ShipFincantieri

Building a Cruise ShipEngine room bottom section

• Double bottom section for the ship’s engine room being placed in the building dock

• See the engine foundation and some of the equipment already in place

Building a Cruise ShipDouble bottom section

• Section of a double bottom being lifted out of the welding shop.

• A part of the structure on the tank-top has already been fitted.

Building a Cruise ShipCompleting deckhouses.

• Three tiers of deckhouses being lifted in place using two gantry cranes, in order not to deform the deckhouse.

• Fincatieri shipyard building dock

Building a Cruise ShipBow section

• The bow section of the Carnival Victory being lifted in place in the building dock.

• See the bulbous bow for operational efficiency of the ship.

• The three transverse tunnels are for the bow thrusts

Building a Cruise ShipAft ship section.

• Section ready to be lifted for fitting to the remainder of the ship in the building dock.

• This section contains part of various tanks for fuel and others

Building a Cruise ShipFincantieri

• Building of a new ship started in the building dock.

• See the concentrated area the building takes place, served by the two gantry cranes

Building a Cruise ShipKvaerner Masa Yards, Finland

• Masa-Yards was established by Martin Saarikangas with financing from the shipping companies to finish the ships under construction, eventually taking over the operations of Wärtsilä's former shipyards.

• In the mid-90s Kvaerner purchased Masa-Yards and Kvaerner Masa-Yardswas born.

• One of the shipping companies was Carnival Cruise Lines, this to get two of their Fantasy class ships completed.

• Mr. Arison founder of Carnival was for a time one of the partners in the Masa Yard

Building a Cruise ShipKvaerner Masa ship- yard Helsinki, Finland.

• Predecessors:• Wartsila, 1989, Massa Yards, (Martin

Saaringkangas), 1995, Kvaerner Masa yards.

• Successors:• Akers yards, 2005, STX Finland, 2009,

Meyer Werft 2014, Turku yard only.• Ship in the fitting out berth is the MS

Paradise

Building a Cruise ShipMS Paradise

• Ship under construction in the building dock of Kvaerner Masa.

• Large section being lifted in place.

• The section is very well completed and oly remaining is the welding of the outside seams

Building a Cruise ShipElation

• Elation being fitted out at Kvaerner Masa yard

• The ship being constructed in distance is the Paradise, sister ship of the Elation.

• Note the lower building hall not allowing the complete ship to be built under cover

Building a Cruise ShipAllure of the Seas

Floating giant luxury hotel

Building a Cruise ShipAllure of the Seas

Built STX Turku, Finland 2010• 225282 t gross• Lbp 329.00 m• Loa 360.00 m• B 47.00 m• t 9.30 m• D 22.50 m• 6320 passengers

Building a Cruise ShipOasis of the Seas

• Builder: STX, Turku, Finland 2009.

• Lifeboats as per the IMO SOLAS regulations should not carry more than 150 persons.

• A special exemption was necessary for this ship carrying lifeboats with a capacity of 370 persons each.

Building a Cruise ShipOasis of the Seas

• The lifeboats are of the catamaran construction (twin hull)• The regulations do provide procedures to use lifeboats of greater capacity

than 150, provided that it is demonstrated that they have an equivalent level of safety.

• A special Davit System had to be developed in order to handle the larger lifeboats.

Building a Cruise Ship• Tonnage: 225,282• Length: 360 m (1,181 ft) overall[3]

• Beam: 47 m (154 ft) waterline 60.5 m (198 ft) extreme• Height: 72 m (236 ft) above water line• Draught: 9.3 m (31 ft)• Depth: 22.55 m (74 ft)• Decks: 16 passenger decks• Installed power: 3 × Wärtsilä 12V46D, 13,860 kW (18,590 hp) each• 3 × Wärtsilä 16V46D, 18,480 kW (24,780 hp) each• Propulsion: 3 × 20 MW ABB Azipod, all azimuthing• Speed: 22.6 knots (41.9 km/h; 26.0 mph)• Capacity: 5,400 passengers double occupancy; 6,296 total

Building a Cruise Ship

Chantiers et Ateliers de l’ AtlantiqueSt Nazaire on the entrance of the river Loire

Building a Cruise ShipMSC Divina,

Installed power 97,075 HPSpeed 23 kn max, service Speed 21 knTwin screwDiesel electric, 2x 21,800 kw eachPanama flagMSC, Mediterranean Shipping Company, Switzerland

Building a Cruise ShipMSC Divina

Built 2012, STX France333 m Loa37.92 m B15.50 m D8.65 m t139.072 t grossPassengers 4345Crew 1370

Building a Cruise ShipAerial view of STX de France

Situated on the entrance of the Loire River

Building a Cruise ShipLifeboat for the Harmony of the Seas

Under construction at STX France

Building a Cruise ShipLifeboat of the Oasis of the Seas

In service, constructed at STX Turku, Finland

Building a Cruise ShipPropulsion/machinery arrangements

• Main machinery space under the funnel.

• Propulsion machinery space aft

• This vessel has a diesel electric propulsion

Building a Cruise ShipPodded propulsion

• Azimuting rudder and propulsion units (3600

turning capability)• The electrical propulsion

motor in built in the pod• The propeller is placed at

the forward end of the pod, giving better propulsion results

• MS Paradise

Building a Cruise ShipPodded propulsion

• Rudder and propeller in one package

• Also note the high skewed propeller blades to meet the power output.

Building a Cruise ShipDrawing of a podded propulsion system

• The advancement in the manufacture of high capacity electro-motors, allows for the small high capacity package

Building a Cruise ShipSchematic of podded propulsion

• Four generator engines producing electrical energy.

• The electrical power is transferred at 4000 volts to the podded propulsion via transformers

Building a Cruise ShipControl and alarm equipment

• Chief Engineer/Superintendent watching the main engine(s) control/alarm panel in the vessel under construction.

• Mr. Renato Storari is Engineer superintendent new-building supervision.

• He is originally from Camogli near Genoa, Italy.

Building a Cruise ShipEngine Control room

• Engine Control room of a diesel electric, podded propelled passenger ship.

• From here is most of the machinery controlled and observed.

• The main propulsion navigating controls are being performed from the wheelhouse.

Building a Cruise ShipIMO requirements

• International Conventions,

• Collision Regulations• Load-line Convention• MARPOL, Marine Pollution• SOLAS, Safety of Life at Sea• STCW, Standards of Training, Certification and Watch-keeping.• ITC, International Tonnage Convention

Building a Cruise ShipCollision Regulations

• International Regulation to Prevent Collisions at Sea• Lights, locations, visibility, color.• Shapes• Sound Signals• Distress Signals• Visibility from the Wheelhouse

Building a Cruise ShipL’Hermione

• Entering the York River June of 2015

• Early morning with navigation lights switched on

• The vessel is fitted with a diesel engine

Building a Cruise ShipLoad-line Convention• It regulates the strength, intact stability and the degree of water

tightness of a ship• It will also assign a minimum freeboard or maximum draft for the

ship, giving requirements for superstructure, exposed doors, hatchways, ventilators, air-pipes, windows, portholes, freeing ports, etc.

• Load-line mark, (Plimsoll Mark)• A minimum freeboard is given depending on the type of ship, area

of operation, applicable damage cases

Building a Cruise ShipLoad-line or Plimsoll mark

• TF Tropical Fresh Water• F Fresh Water• T Tropical• S Summer• W Winter• WNA Winter North

Atlantic• Freeboard as per table in

the convention

Building a Cruise ShipSub division load-line mark

• Passenger ships with a subdivision load-line have C1, C2 or C3 mark, which in this case is summer freeboard limit.

• This vessel has no separate subdivision load-line as it is equal to the summer load-line

Building a Cruise ShipConditions of assignment

• Doors, to be of regulation 12 design, sill height 600/380 mm depending on the location

• Hatchways, coamings to be 600/450 mm high depending on the location

• Ventilators form various spaces, coaming height 900/760 mm, depending on the location, provided with WT closing appliances, unless coaming height more than 4.50/2.30 m

• Air-pipes from tanks coaming height 760/450 mm, fitted with automatic closing appliances

Building a Cruise ShipWindows and port holes

• Windows shall not be fitted below the freeboard deck, in the first tier of superstructure or deckhouse.

• Port holes shall be fitted with hinged inside deadlights in spaces below the freeboard deck, first tier deckhouse or super structure.

• Freeing ports, bulwarks shall be fitted with freeing ports on the weather deck or freeboard deck, with an area A=.07 L m2

• Where hatch ways have been fitted on subject decks the freeing port are may be reduced

Building a Cruise ShipShell doors in a cruise ship

• Shell doors being used for loading supplies for the ship’s galley.

• Those doors are above the waterline and can be closed to be completely water tight.

• They shall not be opened whilst the ships is at sea.

Building a Cruise ShipLoad-Line Surveys.

• Every Cruise Ship is subject to an annual load-line survey and every 5 years a load-line renewal survey.

• This is normally carried out by a surveyor from the vessel’s class society.

• The maximum draught for a cruise ship is the applicable load-line draught as marked on the port and starboard side of the vessel

• Under no circumstance shall the draught be more than above• The scantling draught shall be the same or less than the freeboard

draught

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL Marine Pollution.The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the main international convention covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes.The MARPOL Convention was adopted on 2 November 1973 at IMO. The Protocol of 1978 was adopted in response to a spate of tanker accidents in 1976-1977. As the 1973 MARPOL Convention had not yet entered into force, the 1978 MARPOL Protocol absorbed the parent Convention. The combined instrument entered into force on 2 October 1983. In 1997, a Protocol was adopted to amend the Convention and a new Annex VI was added which entered into force on 19 May 2005. MARPOL has been updated by amendments through the years.

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL

• The Convention includes regulations aimed at preventing and minimizingpollution from ships - both accidental pollution and that from routineoperations - and currently includes six technical Annexes.

• Special Areas with strict controls on operational discharges are included in most Annexes.

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL Annex I

• MARPOL Annex I came into force on 2 October 1983 and deals with discharge of oil into the ocean environment.

• It provides regulations with regard to treatment of engine room bilge water (OWS) for all large commercial vessels and ballast and tank cleaning waste (ODME).

• It also introduces the concept of "special sea areas (PPSE)" which are considered to be at risk to pollution by oil.

• Discharge of oil within them has been completely outlawed, with a few minimal exceptions.

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL

• The second part of the MARPOL Annex I has more to do with cleaning the cargo areas and tanks.

• Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment (ODME) is a very important technology mentioned in MARPOL Annex I that has greatly helped improve sanitation in these areas.

• The Oil Record Book is another integral part of MARPOL Annex I. • The Oil Record Book helps crew members log and keep track of oily

waste water discharges among other things.

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL Annex I

• The ship has fitted an OWS, Oily Water Separator in the machinery space

• It will separate the water from the oil, water with an oil content of 15 ppm or less can be discharged overboard, the remainder, oil sludge has to be disposed off, or incinerated

• The ODME is fitted in oil tankers only and used to discharge wash water from the tanks at a low speed of the vessel

Building a Cruise Ship

Sinking “New Flame”

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL Annex II

• Annex II Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk (entered into force 2 October 1983)

• Details the discharge criteria and measures for the control of pollutionby noxious liquid substances carried in bulk; some 250 substanceswere evaluated and included in the list appended to the Convention.

• The discharge of their residues is allowed only to reception facilitiesuntil certain concentrations and conditions are complied with.

• In any case, no discharge esidues containing noxious substances ispermitted within 12 miles of the nearest land.

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL Annex III

• Annex III Prevention of Pollution by Harmful Substances Carried by Sea in Packaged Form (entered into force 1 July 1992)

• Contains general requirements for the issuing of detailed standards on packing, marking, labelling, documentation, stowage, quantitylimitations, exceptions and notifications.

• For the purpose of this Annex, “harmful substances” are thosesubstances which are identified as marine pollutants in theInternational Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code)

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL Annex IV

• Annex IV Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships (entered into force 27 September 2003)

• Contains requirements to control pollution of the sea by sewage; thedischarge of sewage into the sea is prohibited

• Except when the ship has in operation an approved sewage treatment plantor when the ship is discharging comminuted and disinfected sewage usingan approved system at a distance of more than three nautical miles fromthe nearest land

• Sewage which is not comminuted or disinfected has to be discharged at a distance of more than 12 nautical miles from the nearest land.

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL Annex V

• Annex V Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships (entered into force 31 December 1988)

• Deals with different types of garbage and specifies the distances from landand the manner in which they may be disposed off.

• The most important feature of the Annex is the complete ban imposed on the disposal into the sea of all forms of plastics.

• This is a major undertaking on a cruise ship, most of the garbage producedon board is either discharged ashore or incinerated.

Building a Cruise Ship

Garbage in the Oceans

Building a Cruise ShipMARPOL Annex VI

• Annex VI Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships (entered into force 19 May 2005)

• Sets limits on sulphur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances.

• Designated emission control areas set more stringent standards for SOx, NOx and particulate matter.

• A chapter adopted in 2011 covers mandatory technical and operational energy efficiency measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions from ships.

Building a Cruise ShipSOLAS Safety of Life at Sea

SOLAS deals with regulations for:• Surveys and certificates• Construction, Structure, subdivision, stability, machinery and electrical installations• Fire protection, detection and extinction• Life saving appliances and arrangements• Radio communications• Safety of navigation• Management for safe operation of ships • M\Measures to enhance maritime security

Building a Cruise ShipSuite

• A suit on one of the higher decks on a cruise ship

• Very spacious accommodation on one of the higher decks

Building a Cruise ShipFire safety

• Fire safety objectives• Prevent the occurrence of fire and explosion• Reduce the risk to life by fire to the passengers and ship• Contain, control and suppress fire in the compartment of origin• Provide adequate and readily accessible means of escape to passengers

and crew

Building a Cruise ShipCabin

• A two person cabin on board one of the cruise ships

• Accommodation with access to a balcony

Building a Cruise ShipFire Safety

Functional requirements• Division of the ship in main vertical and horizontal zones, by thermal and

structural boundaries• Separate accommodation spaces from the remainder of the ship by thermal

and structural boundaries• Restrict the use of combustible materials• Detection of fire in the zone of origin• Containment and extinction of any fire in the space of origin• Protection of the means of escape and access for fire fighting• Ready availability of fire fighting appliances

Building a Cruise ShipInspections

• During the new construction apart form the owners representative, the classification society surveyors will inspect applicable part of the ship.

• In the picture he is inspecting the structural fire insulation.

• He will inspect structural and regulatory/statutory details

Building a Cruise ShipLifesaving appliances

Survival craft• Partially or totally enclose of lifeboats on each side of the ship with a total

capacity not less than 100 % of the total number of persons on board• The Administration may permit the substitution of life-rafts for lifeboats,

provided that the lifeboats can accommodate 75 % of the total number of persons on board, the life-rafts shall be served by launching appliances.

• In addition life-rafts with a total capacity as will accommodate 25 % of the total number on board. These life-rafts shall be served by at least on launching appliance on each side of the ship

Building a Cruise ShipLifesavings appliances

Other LSA• Two fast rescue boats• Personal lifesavings appliances• Launching arrangements• Muster stations• Drills• Information on passengers

Building a Cruise Ship

Double Cabin with balcony

Building a Cruise ShipLuxury Cruise Ship cabin

Building a Cruise ShipDouble cabin

Building a Cruise ShipSmall double cabin

Building a Cruise ShipOne more small double cabin

Building a Cruise ShipTwo bed cabin

Building a Cruise ShipSimpCabin

Building a Cruise ShipModern wheelhouseCentral operating console

Building a Cruise ShipNavigation controls in the wheelhouse

Controls both propulsion unitsRudders, port and starboard

Navigation lights

Building a Cruise ShipFire extinguishing systems

Portable, fixed

Like the CO2 is on the picture on the right

Water mistsprinkler

Building a Cruise ShipEngine room main control room

Building a Cruise ShipMain generator engines

Building a Cruise ShipEngine room

Pumps, coolers, fire extinguisherPipes

Building a Cruise ShipGalley

Building a Cruise ShipDeep fat fryers in the galley

Building a Cruise ShipGalley

Building a Cruise ShipGalleyOverhead ventilation and smoke removal system

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship

Building a Cruise Ship