Building a New Nation

Unit 3

Chapters 7-8

George Washington 1789-1796

• Organizing the Government – Thomas Jefferson as Sec. of State – Alexander Hamilton as Sec. of Treasury – Henry Knox as Sec. of War – Edmund Randolph as Attorney General

• Organizing the Government – Judiciary Act of 1789

Washington�s Domestic Issues

•  Financial Difficulties –  Hamilton�s Financial Plan

1. Pay off the national debt

Washington�s Domestic Issues

•  Financial Difficulties –  Hamilton�s Financial Plan

1. Pay off the national debt 2. Use tariffs & excise taxes 3. Create a national bank

Rise of Political Parties

Washington�s Domestic Issues

• The Whiskey Rebellion – 1794

Washington�s Foreign Issues

• The French Revolution – Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)

– Citizen Genêt Affair

Washington�s Foreign Issues

• The Jay Treaty (1794/1795)

Washington�s Farewell Address

John Adams 1797-1800

• Foreign Issues – The XYZ Affair – �millions for defense but not one cent for tribute�

John Adams • Domestic Issues

– Naturalization Act – Alien Act – Sedition Act

John Adams • Domestic Issues

– The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions • nullification

Election of 1800 • John Adams (F) • Thomas Jefferson (DR) • Aaron Burr (DR)

Thomas Jefferson 1801-1808

Thomas Jefferson • To please Federalists

– Maintained the National Bank & debt repayment plan

– Carried on neutrality policies of Washington & Adams

Thomas Jefferson • To please Republicans

– Reduced the size of the military – Eliminated a number of federal jobs

– Repealed the excise tax

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

• William Marbury • Judiciary Act of 1789

-writ of mandamus • John Marshall

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Thomas Jefferson • Louisiana Purchase -1803

• Napoleon • Toussaint/Santo Domingo

•  828,000 square miles for $15 million

Louisiana Purchase •  Consequences

– Doubled the size of the US

– Increased Jefferson�s popularity

– Showed the Federalists to be weak and sectionalist

– Lewis & Clark Expedition

Jefferson�s 2nd Term • Challenges to US neutrality

– Impressment – Chesapeake-Leopard Affair (1807)

Jefferson�s 2nd Term • Embargo Act (1807)

James Madison (1809-1816)

• Foreign Policy -Nonintercourse Act of 1809

-Macon�s Bill No. 2 (1810) -War of 1812

War of 1812 •  Causes

-Free seas & trade -Desire for Land -Frontier Pressures *Tecumseh & Prophet *Battle of Tippecanoe (1811) *William Henry Harrison

-National pride & independence *War Hawks: Clay & Calhoun

Major Events Battle of Lake Erie

-Cpt. Oliver Hazard Perry -Sept. 1813

Battle of the Thames River General William Henry Harrison

October 1813

Major Events

• Burning of the White House

8/24/1814

Major Events

• Battle of Ft. McHenry 9/13/1814

Major Events

• Battle of New Orleans

1/8/1815

Major General Andrew Jackson & Jean Lafitte

Treaty of Ghent

• A halt to the fighting • Return of all conquered

territory • Recognition of prewar

boundary between Canada & US

12/24/1814

Consequences

• New Respect • End of the Federalist Party

-Hartford Convention 12/15/1814

• War Heroes Emerged • Manufacturing Increased • Acceptance of Canada • Heightened Nationalism

James Monroe (1817-1824)

Domestic issues

• Cultural Nationalism

Domestic Issues • Economic Nationalism

-Henry Clay�s American System

*protective tariffs

-Tariff of 1816

*a national bank

*internal improvements

Domestic Issues

• Panic of 1819

Domestic Issues

• Missouri Statehood Bill -Tallmadge Amendment

Missouri Compromise of 1820

•  Proposed by Henry Clay 1. Missouri entered as a slave

state 2. Maine entered as a free

state 3. No Slavery above 36˚30��in

the remainder of the Louisiana territory.

The Monroe Doctrine

• 12/2/1823 -North & South America were closed to further colonization -US would not interfere with existing European colonies -US would not interfere with internal policies of any European power [you leave us alone; we�ll leave you alone] -Any attempt by Europe to intervene would be regarded as �dangerous to our peace and safety��

The Monroe Doctrine (1823)

To what extent does the Monroe Doctrine reflect

Washington�s views expressed in his Farewell

Address? To what extent is the Monroe Doctrine a

departure from Washington�s views?