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Building Blocks to a Better Safety Culture
• International Business Aviation Council
• IS-BAO and IS-BAH
• Jim Cannon
• Senior Safety Advisor
Lots of Cultures
• National culture recognizes and identifies the national characteristics and value systems of individual nations.
• Professional culture identifies the behavior and characteristics of particular professional groups
• Organizational culture identifies the behavior and values of a group
• Sub-cultures include pilots, managers, technicians, accountants, schedulers, administrators.
Levels of Culture
Culture
Culture is the learned and shared assumptions,
values, and beliefs that result in the behavior of
an organization
• The values, beliefs and behaviors of the group
• The collective programming of the group
• "How we do things here"
• What is acceptable and what is not acceptable
• The driving force of the organization.
Culture
An organization's -- • Operating system • Glue • Lubricant • Communications system • Motivation • Reference.
Why Culture?
We've got --
• An organization with job descriptions
• An operations manual
• A maintenance manual
• A Safety Management System
Isn't this enough?
Cultural Factors
• management’s actions and priorities
• policies and procedures
• communications style
• safety planning and goals
• actions in response to unsafe behaviors
• employee training and motivation
• employee involvement and buy-in.
Positive Influences
• Recognition of merit
• Individual initiative
• Risk management
• Adherence to policy and procedures
• Open communication
…Or not!
Red Flags
• Tolerance of … poor communication, cutting corners, poor performance
• Acceptance of …. improper procedures, complacency, inefficiency
• Lack of trust • Sacrificing safety to save money or time. • Reactive versus proactive organizational tendencies.
Ever heard this?
• Nobody ever listens to me.
• Nobody really cares.
• Don’t rock the boat.
• That SOP “sucks”.
• It’s always been done that way around here.
How’s Your Culture?
• All hands evaluate actions in terms of potential risk
• Management walks the talk on SMS • Open safety communication prevails • No “blame game” regarding mishaps • Under-staffing, inadequate equipment,
inexperience, patchy training are addressed in terms of risk
• Feedback regarding known deficiencies is freely disseminated
See James Reason’s “Score your Safety Culture."
Organizational Culture Goals
• Cultures -- – Informed Culture
– Learning Culture
– Reporting
– Just • Open
• Communicating
• Aware
• Collaborating.
International Standard for Business Aircraft Operations
• Established 2002
• Developed by the international business aviation community
• Promote global business aviation standardization and harmonization
• Establish quality flight operations using –
– ICAO standards and recommended practices
– Industry best practices
• > 700 registrants worldwide.
IS-BAO Components
• Safety Management System
• Organization and Personnel
• Training and Proficiency
• Flight Operations
• International Operations
• Aircraft Equipment Requirements
• Aircraft Maintenance Requirements
• Company Operations Manual
• Emergency Response Plan
• Environmental Management
• Occupational Health and Safety
• Dangerous Goods
• Security
IS-BAH Developed by the Industry
• IS-BAH concept proposed in 2011 by EBAA Board
• Working Groups formed in 2012
• NATA Safety 1st Ground Audit Program
• IBAC and NATA Partnership
• IS-BAH Published, July 1, 2014
IS-BAH Structure
• Chapters 1 and 2 are introductory in nature and cover the purpose of the standard and an introduction to the standard
• Chapters 3 thru 15 – Standards and Recommended Practices – 56 Pages – “Need to Know”
• Everything else supports the IS-BAH – APM, IG, SMS Toolkit
IS-BAH Structure
1.0: Purpose of the Standard 2.0: Introduction 3.0: Safety Management Systems 4.0: Organization and Personnel Requirements 5.0: Training and Proficiency 6.0: Facilities and Ramp 7.0: Passengers, Baggage and Cargo 8.0: Support Equipment Requirements
IS-BAH Structure
9.0: Aircraft Maintenance Requirements
10.0: Company Operations Manual
11.0: Emergency Response Plan
12.0: Environmental Management
13.0: Occupational Health and Safety
14.0: Transportation of Dangerous Goods
15.0: Security
Safety Management System
The systematic and comprehensive process for the proactive management of safety risks that integrates the management of operations and technical systems with
financial and human resource management.
• Policies
• Risk management
• Safety Assurance
• Safety promotion
SMS – The Core of IS-BAO & IS-BAH
Building or Improving Culture
– Informed
– Learning
– Reporting
– Just
– Open
– Communicating
– Aware
– Collaborating
Building a Culture
• Find a central, overarching theme
• Commit
• Create goals
• Implement through teamwork
• Work it
• Admire it
• Grow it
Making it Happen
• Management emphasis on minimizing risk
• Realistic, informed view of hazards confronting the organization
• Positive attitude toward comments, criticisms from lower levels
Making it Happen
• Policies, standards not forced on organization without risk analysis
• Free exchange of safety information and critical activities
• Well-trained, informed employees at all levels
• Unwarranted risk-taking behavior discouraged.
Commitment
• “Spark plug” needed
• Flight department
management
• Company
• Department Personnel
Provides a common purpose, a goal.
Implementation
• A team effort -- – Learning together
– Exploring the possibilities
– Probe issues
– Devising standards, processes, procedures
– Question provisions
• Learning a common language
• Sharing the experience
• Pride in accomplishment.
Making it Work
• Safety Policy – from the top • Education – learning together • Using it
– Building the Safety Risk Profile – HITS, FRATS, Internal Evaluations… – Sharing ideas – expanding the language – Management reinforcement – System feedback – Evaluating/modifying the product – Talking the talk, walking the walk
Seeing the team’s system work.
See What We Built…
• Day-to-Day… – Walking the talk
– Questioning the system
– Learning as you go
– Refining processes and procedures
– Improving the product
– Seeing it produce the desired effects
– Discussing its attributes
Immersing the group in the system.
Are We There Yet?
– Informed – lots of information
– Learning – every day
– Reporting – swamping the safety guy
– Just – Open – listen to the chatter
– Communicating – they’re talking risk!
– Aware – this bears watching
– Collaborating – certainly
selected groups
Leadership check…
Point of Emphasis…
It begins and ends with all levels of
– Not management, but it helps
– Not involvement from HQ, but it helps
– Not funding, but it helps
– Yet, interest in culture can be
kindled from below.
• Follow the company policies, processes and procedures…
• Communicate, communicate, communicate!
• Manage IS-BAO and SMS like your life depended on it – it does!
• Seek feedback – formal & informal
Maintaining the Culture
How’s their culture?
Get Started!
IS-BAO Contact
Sonnie Bates
Program Director
IS-BAH Contact
Terry Yeomans
Program Director
Jim Cannon: Senior Safety Advisor, [email protected]
www.ibac.org
