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7/29/2019 Building Design.2.12
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Building Designfor
Climate Change
F?
Climate Change
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Arctic Iceberg
Arctic Iceberg
2011-2012
FFFFF
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Nock-ten
L LL
Haima 25-27 ..Nock-Ten 25-31
..
-- F 32
(( -- )) 3 F 20 ( 2513, 2499) 25542554
335 406 180 120 100
Low dark cloud hangs over an empty VictoriaHarbour in the morning during a Typhoon 8 SignalWarning as Typhoon Nesat passed close to HongKong on Thursday, Sept. 29, 2011
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New York 29October 2011
?
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe1886-1969 German-American architect
Masters of Modern
architectureLess is More
IBM 860-880 Lake
Shore Drive 1950
High field House
Farnsworth
House
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Robert Charles Venturi, Jr.
(born June 25, 1925 inPhiladelphia
Masters of PostModern architecture
Less is a Bore
Venturi House
Freedom Plaza
National Gallery
Hoover Dam 1936-2080 MW
Aswan Dam 1970-2100 MW
Pratt Street PowerPlant 1990
1897
Calder Hall NuclearPower 1956-50 MW
Electricity supply-Modernization
3. Evolution of Modern Building
Elevator-High rise
Middle age
Modern Architecture
4. Evolution of Modern Building
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1928 Carrier 'Weather maker
1906'Apparatus for TreatingAir', Larkin Building, NY
1921,The first 'centrifugal
chiller'
1924, three Carrier centrifugalchillers J.L. Hudson DepartmentStore
Willis Carrier 1902
1923,The Rivoli Theater NY
5. Evolution of Large Building
Air-conditioning
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Pre-mechanical 3000BC-1450AD Mechanical 1450-1840AD
Electromechanical 1840-1940AD Electronic after 1940AD
Information Technology
Slide rule 1600AD Difference engine 1822AD
Telephone 1876AD
Computer 1942ADRoman abacus
Suanpan
Electronic after 1940AD
Information Technology
Vacuum tube 1951-58AD Transistor 1959-63AD
IC 1964-79AD
After 1979AD
Apple 1984AD
INTELLIGENT BUILDING
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?
?
?
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New World
Green CSR
Green Society
Green products
Green marketing
GREENBUILDING
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?
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F?
Utopia project
FF
FF
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?
FFF
F
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High roof Rain Incident solar intensity
Temp stratification Stack ventilation
High floor
Flood Drainage Mixed use Cool thermal storage
Ventilation
Inclined roof Shading Rain fall speed
Glare control
Roof curvature Solar reflection
Productive microclimate
Green Kra thin narong / Cha-om
Fish pond Storm drain retention
Rain water collection Earth jar
Clay shingle High emissivity Ventilation
Localmaterials Wood
Clay
Clovalue 0.09
Retrofitting for flood-prone areas
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F
F
F
F
F
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Storm water/ Surface Run Off water management
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Reduce Impervious surface
Permeable paving
Permeable Pavements
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Storm water retention
Rain water harvesting system
Waterscape design
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F
F F
Uplift Hydraulic forces
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FF
F
F?
F
FF
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FFF
FFF
F
F
F
FF0.30-0.60
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Under Floor Plumbing Systems
Above Floor Plumbing Systems
Floor trap and Above floor plumbing
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Wall mount WC
F0.80-1.00
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FFF
FF
F
?
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F
F?
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Above ground Septic Systems Reuse water for irrigation
1. Pretreatment tank where influent enters.
2. Aeration chamber where oxygen is pumped into the waste water.3. Clarifier chamber where the clear, odorless effluent rises.4. Chlorinator where the clear effluent passes through for disinfection.
5. Holding tank for disinfected effluent ready for discharge.6. Quiet, efficient aerator and pump.
7. Solid-state monitors and controls the system.8. Discharge Pump
Landscaping Septic Systems
F
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F
F?
Common fuse breaker opens circuit15/20 A
Cardiac standstill and internal organ damage2 A
Ventricular fibrillation threshold100 mA
Paralysis of respiratory muscles20 mA
Maximum current an average man can grasp andlet go
16 mA
Barely perceptible1 mA
Earth Leakage CircuitBreaker (ELCB)
F
F
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F
>1.10
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F FF
F F F F F
FFFF
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F
#1 #2
Pump
bypass
Checkvalve
FF
F
Tank
bypass
Pumpno.1
Standbypump
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1.5 M32-4
F
FFF
FF
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F
F
Self priming flood pump thatcan pump dirty and clean water High flow pump
Lift 6 m
Float level switch forautomatic operation
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Vertical Axial flowpump for flood controlstation
High flow pump Low lift
High levelEnergyCenter
High level Waste Water Treatment Plant
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FFFF
F10
F
FF
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FF
+ + Green belt
F
Green Belt
Recycle concrete granule layer
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Dykes
Foundation of flood protection walls (example)
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Flood control station
F
F
The Bliz
F
F
Belle Sky
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Solar Home
Solar cell module
Power conditionerPanel board
Integrating wattmeter
Indoor remote control monitor
Solar power generation
system 3.46 KW
Ceiling: Glass wool insulating
material 10K 200 mm
External wall: Glass wool insulating
material 16K 100 mm
Floor: Polystyrene beaded foam 94
mm
Window: Heat-insulating aluminum
sash and low-E
33% self-sufficient in electricity
HydroponicF
F
Hydraulic gradient
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Singh Intrachooto
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FF Solar cell
F
F
FFSolar cell
FF
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Under Floor System?
FF...FF ...FF
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Toyota Home - Applying the ToyotaProduction System to Home Building
SUPER SKELETON INTELLIGENT INFILL
TOYOTA HOME
ROOF FACING SOUTHROOF ANGLE
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MASS PRODUCTION HOME
CHOICES AND SAFETY
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?
FF??
Highly efficient
air conditioning,
LED, BMS, etc.
District energyDHCDHCDHCDHC
Solar/wind power
generation
Waste incineration plant
Using waste heat
Resident ial Dist rictResidential DistrictResidential DistrictResidential District
Low carbon housesSolar power, etc.
Electric vehicleElectric vehicleElectric vehicleElectric vehicle EVEVEVEV
FarmlandFarmlandFarmlandFarmland
Farming CommunityFarming CommunityFarming CommunityFarming Community
Low carbon houses
Biomass, etc.
Wind power generation
Intercity public railway
transport control system
District energy network
Using river water
Solar panels
District cooling/heating
Mega solar
power generation
Biomass power
generation
FarmlandFarmlandFarmlandFarmland
Low carbon buildings
Untapped energy
Centr al Business Distr ictCentral Business DistrictCentral Business DistrictCentral Business District
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Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city
Incheon Eco-city
Klong Toey ?
Makkasan ?
Chatujak ?
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F
Anatomy-Physiology-Homeostasis
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SUSTAINABLE
HIGHPERFORMANCE
HEALTHY
F
EnergyCenter
Fresh AirSystem
Water System
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Electricity
Coolingenergy
Watergy
IT andCommunication
Energy Center
COOLING TOWERWATER CHILLER GENERATOR
ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION
Coolingenergy
Electricity
Energy center ofLoad
Air Intake
Radial distribution
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Fresh Air System
DEMAND CONTROLFRESH AIR UNIT
5 million CFU/gm sampling from inside air supply plenum
How much airborne CFU/m3 ? (
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CascadeImpactorMicrobial
Sampler and
Agar Plates
CarbonDioxide
Monitor
TVOCPID
Monitor
INDOOR AIR QUALITY MEASUREMENT
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Mold Exposure Disease
Stachybotrys or toxic black mold
Asthma
Aspergillosis
AspergillusFFFFFF(Aspergilloma) F
FFFFF steroid F
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Water System
POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD
RECYCLE WATERTREATMENT
FIRE WATER PUMPWATER SUPPLY PUMP/ WATERTREATMENT SYSTEM
WASTE WATERTREATMENT PLANT
Understandings and Case Study
Plant roomallocation concept
Building core
design
ENERGY CENTER
COOLING TOWER
CAR PARK BUILDING
WATER PLANT
ROOF PLANT
TYPICAL SECTION5 FLOORSX4.00 METER=20 METER
TOP SECTION3 FLOORSX4.00 METER=12 METER
PODIUM
TOWER
TYPICALBLOCK
4SECTIONSX20.00METER=80METER
TYPICAL CLASS 1OFFICE
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ENERGY CENTER
ENERGY CENTER
ENERGY CENTER
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ENERGY CENTER
Machine loading
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ENERGY CENTER
COOLING TOWER
CAR PARK BUILDING
WATER PLANT
ROOF PLANT
TYPICAL SECTION6 FLOORSX3.50 METER=21 METER
TOP SECTION5 FLOORSX3.50 METER=17.5 METER
PODIUM
TOWER
TYPICALBLOCK
4
SECTIONSX21.00METER=84METER
TRANSFER FLOOR
HOTEL
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ENERGY CENTER
COOLING TOWER
CAR PARK BUILDING
WATER PLANT
ROOF PLANT
TYPICAL SECTION6 FLOORSX3.50 METER=21 METER
TOP SECTION5 FLOORSX3.50 METER=17.5 METER
PODIUM
TOWER
TYPICALBLOCK
4
SECTIONSX21.00METER=84METER
TRANSFER FLOOR
HOSPITAL
MECHANICAL FLOOR ABOVECRITICAL AREA
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ENERGY CENTER
COOLING TOWER
CAR PARK BUILDING
WATER PLANT
ROOF PLANT
SHOPPING CENTER
SHOPPING CENTER
ENERGY CENTER
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Machine loading
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Frame Tube structure
cantilevered perpendicular to the ground
WTC
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Trussed Tube structure Bundled Tube structure
Sears TowerJohn Hancock
INTERMEDIATE MECHANICAL FLOOR
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Main Building Core
Elevatorarrangement
Sky lobby
Main floor
Assembly
Smoke ventilationsystem
Number of elevatorPassenger Service
Office @3500m2 min 2 units
Class1 High zone/Low zoneClass2 Sky lobby+ Express liftsGrade A VIP lifts
Hotel @100 room @200 room
Podium merchandise lifts+escalators
Recommended capacity 1000-1600kg or 15-24 persons
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Car park
COLUMN GRID LIFT TRAFFIC SECURITY CONTROL
ELECTRICAL RISER
IT RISER
WATER RISER
CHILLED WATER RISER SANITARY RISER
Building Core Component
PIPE RISER
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PIPE SHAFT
PIPE SUPPORT
ELECTRICAL SHAFT
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AIR HANDLING UNIT ROOM-AHU
1. VENTILATION DUCT2. FRESH AIR DUCT3. PRESSURIZING AIR DUCT4.SMOKE EXHAUST DUCT
Air-conditioning System
Do not locate AHU insidemain core
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Public toilet location
Executive toilet
BUILDING CORE LAYOUT< 1500 M2 FLOOR SPACE
EE
IT
SERVICELIFT
STAIR
TOILET
LIFT
AHU
AHU
VENTILATION
DUCT
FIRE
STAIR
VENTILATION
DUCT
SMOKECONTROL
DUCT
SANITARYSHAFT
PIPERISERS
FIREMANLOBBY
JANITORPANTRY
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BUILDING CORE LAYOUT< 1500 M2 FLOOR SPACE
EE
IT
SERVICELIFT
STAIR
TOILET
LIFT
AHU
AHU
VENTILATION
DUCT
FIRE
STAIR
VENTILATION
DUCT
SMOKECONTROL
DUCT
SANITARYSHAFT
PIPERISERS
FIREMANLOBBY
JANITORPANTRY
Ceiling space10 RT 0.45 m20 RT 0.55 m30 RT 0.70 m40 RT 0.80 m50 RT 0.90 m
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STEP 1
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STEP 2
STEP 3
MAINBUILDING
CORE
BUILDINGCORE
PERIPHERALS
BUILDINGCORE
PERIPHERALS
BUILDING CORE LAYOUT< 2500 M2 FLOOR SPACE
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BUILDING CORE LAYOUT< 2500 M2 FLOOR SPACE
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CondominiumTransformer 2x2,000 kVA
CondominiumGenerator 1x400 kVA
HotelTransformer 2x1,000 kVA
HotelGenerator 1x400 kVA
Office & Retails
Transformer 2x1,000 kVA
CondominiumGenerator 1x400 kVA
At Basement Level
Low Zone
(For Hotel & Podium)
High Zone
(Condominium)
Fire water tank 340 m3 (1hr)
Fire pump diesel 1 unit
Jockey pump 1 unit
Fire water tank 85 m3 (1/2hr)
Fire pump diesel 1 unit
Jockey pump 1 unit
Fire WaterTank340 m3 (hr)
Condo WaterTank
250 m3
HotelWater
Tank370 m3
Office&RetailWater Tank100 m3
Intermediate Tank
For Condo 60 m3
Roof WaterTank 6 0 m3
Sanitary System For Assembly Occupancy
1. Separate water tank & pump for
1.1 Condominium
1.2 Hotel
1.3 Office and Retail
2. Maintain and Regulate pressure in 15 50 psi range
3. Condominium supply by Gravity Tank system
and Booster pump for top five floor.
4. Hotel domestic water supply by variable speed
Booster pump set .
5. Of fice and Retail supply by variabl e speed
Booster pump set.
BoosterPump Set
Pressure Zone
15 psi50 psi
Office &Retail
Hotel Guest RoomZone
Hotel FacilityZone
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Waste FromWaste FromCondoCondo
MeterMeter
MeterMeter
MeterMeter
WastewaterWastewater
TreatmentTreatmentPlantPlant
Waste FromWaste FromHotelHotel
Waste FromWaste FromRetailRetail
FiltrationFiltrationPlantPlant
SellingSelling
To Make upTo Make up
CoolingCoolingTowerTower
Cooling Tower Plantat Roof of Podium
Area Required 75 m2
Water Cooled Chiller
150 Ton (2 Duties, 1 Standby)Chiller Plant at B1:
Area Required 170 m2
Cooling Tower Plantat Roof of Podium
Area Required 75 m2
Water Cooled Chiller150 Ton (2 Duties, 1 Standby)
Chiller Plant at B1:Area Required 170 m2
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Cooling Tower: 200 Ton (3 D uties, 1 Standby)Plate Heat Exchanger (High Zone)
at Roof Area Required: 75 m2
+
FCU & Water Cool Condensing Unit
Plate Heat Exchanger (Low Zone)
at Level 34M: Area Required 30 m2