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M E R C E R TA L E N T A L L A C C E S S ®
business responses to the COVID-19 outbreak
survey findings
Table of contents
Introduction
Post-travel related concerns and issues
Demographics
3
8
6
14
23
26
29
Status of COVID-19 planning
Spotlight on local activities relating to COVID-19
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
Business-traveler concerns and issues
Introduction
To combat and contain the spread of the disease, on January 22, 2020 Chinese authorities asked the public to avoid all nonessential travel to and from Wuhan. On January 30, the WHO issued a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) creating a ripple effect across governments. In early February 2020, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, Japan, Pakistan, and Italy all closed their borders to foreign nationals having traveled to mainland China.
Mercer conducted a global spot survey to capture and share business responses taken as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. Data were collected between February 6 and February 18; over 300 companies from 37 countries provided their perspective. Report sections include the status of COVID-19 planning, expatriate-specific and business-traveler concerns and issues, as well as details on post-travel quarantine or self-imposed isolation procedures.
Participants in Mercer’s recent survey on the business responses to the COVID-19 outbreak indicate that, despite the media reports and concern, companies, in general, are not panicking. Although they are taking a wait and see attitude, many approach the situation with practical action of providing face masks and hand sanitizer in the workplace and providing greater flexibility to work remotely in affected locations. While most are not evacuating expatriates, many are postponing and curtailing business travel to the affected locations. The overall message appears to be: stay informed, protect and minimize exposure, and take precautions.
With headlines repeating the warnings about the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and its potential effects, companies need guidance on how best to address the situation with regards to their employees — whether expatriates or local employees in an affected location or business travelers who visit such places. COVID-19 was first reported on December 31, 2019 in Wuhan, the capital city of China’s Hubei province. With person-to-person transmission, reported cases grew exponentially — as of February 26, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported more than 80,000 confirmed cases, of which approximately 2,500 are outside of China. Exposure to the disease onset ranges from 2 to 14 days. Symptoms are similar to a cold or flu — fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Complications include pneumonia, respiratory distress, and kidney failure. At time of publication, no vaccine or anti-viral exist.
Specifically, what are companies doing?Despite the media reports and concern, companies, in general, are not panicking. Although they are taking a wait and see attitude.
• Monitoring the situation to determine the global need to work remotely (33%).
• Closing offices and plants in China (58%), some with a specific date (42%) most notably until February 10, 2020. February 17, 19, 28, and March 2, 4 also noted.
• Curtailing or postponing nonessential travel to countries where there are confirmed cases of COVID-19 (72%). Further, some of banning all travel to China (38%) and a few (18%) have recalled travelers from China with little difficulty (91%).
• Arranging for greater flexibility to work from home (58%).
• Requesting self-quarantine of 14 days for staff that recently traveled to mainland China (58%). Others (43%) have instituted a mandatory self-quarantine. Half of companies requiring a screening — medical exam (37%) or questionnaire completion (10%).
• Providing hand sanitizer (68%) and masks (48%) in the workplace.
• Monitoring the situation relating to the evacuation of expatriates (48%).
• Are not ending expatriate assignments (96%).
• Are not making changes to setting long-term compensation goals (77%), or to in-progresslong-term incentive compensation awards (84%).
©2020 Mercer LLC. 3 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Introduction
#Gather information from World Health Organization, government entities. Speak to local offices, security, human resources. Seek situation reports from the ground. Fact check the news.
#Treat your workforce equally. While expatriates could be evacuated to their home-country; local employees need to remain. Consider the impact.
#Communicate frequently. #Listen. What are your employees asking for? Why are they concerned?
#Review your Business Continuity Plan (BCP). Is it up-to-date?
#Provide protection or prevention supplies.
#Follow government guidelines.
Where should we start?Your workforce comes first. When outbreaks such as COVID-19 occur — think fast — but don’t always react fast.
Protect. Evaluate. Prevent.
©2020 Mercer LLC. 4 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Company decision to evacuate• Evacuated expatriates and their families are typically
sent to the home-country — which may or may not count as home leave.
• Allowances are continued, but may vary in length of evacuation.
• Airfare, accommodations, and local transportation for both the expatriate and family are typically covered.
• Length of evacuation is handled on a case-by-case basis, ensuring it is deemed safe to return.
Expatriate decision to evacuate • Expatriates are allowed to leave; expenses are typically
paid but are also handled on a case-by-case basis.
• Expatriate allowances are more often suspended in this situation.
• Time away from assignment counted as home leave, emergency leave or vacation — often determined on a case-by-case basis.
Introduction
Staying put• Expatriates expected to work from home in affected
locations; business as usual in unaffected areas.
• Instructed to stay in close contact with local human resources and security officers and business continuity teams.
• Advised to follow the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) on a daily basis as well as home-country consulates for expatriate-specific updates.
• Follow the same instructions as local employees, wearing masks, and washing hands often.
What to know before you evacuate your expatriates…
©2020 Mercer LLC. 5 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Spotlight on ChinaIn early February, Mercer China conducted a quick survey on the impact of the novel coronavirus outbreak on HR; 516 responses were received.
• The majority of companies allow remote working for all employees, most often at normal pay.
• For those employees that are unable to work for longer than one month due to the outbreak, the majority will reduce salary but not to less than 80% of full pay.
• Emergency, security, and executive units may return to work earlier than other units.
• Typical arrangements companies have made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak focus on health and safety in the workplace.
• Travel subsidies continue to be normal during the delayed work resumption.
• In Beijing, companies are allowing for one parent to work from home at full pay to care for their child.
• Most companies are experiencing at least an elevated impact on HR teams and duties, most notably to recruitment activities.
• Specific recruitment activities impacted include recruitment time and method to be more remote-based.
• Three-quarters of companies have evidenced an elevated impact to compensation and benefits, most notably to workers and sales job categories. Units most affected include HR and admin, marketing and sales, manufacturing, and supply chain.
• Employees are most often requesting clean office and safe dining environments and a stable salary payment.
• The majority of companies are not providing a subsidy to infected employees.
• Companies have not repatriated assignees and for the most part are watching the situation.
Spotlight on local activities relating to COVID-19
©2020 Mercer LLC. 6 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Spotlight on local activities relating to COVID-19
Spotlight on Hong KongFrom February 4 to 13, 2020, Mercer Hong Kong conducted a spot poll regarding the arrangements and resources for colleagues potentially impacted by the coronavirus outbreak. A total of 302 responses were received, 128 of which have frontline employees.
• Typical arrangements companies have made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak focus on health and safety in the workplace.
• Work from home arrangements have been implemented widely, and are usually applied on a discretionary basis.
• Work from home decisions typically proposed and formed by regular management committee member special meetings; frequently following a government press release. Many may also monitor the situation closely and implement prior to a government press release.
• The majority of companies have yet to determine how they will adjust frontline employee compensation while one-quarter will keep targets the same and less than 20% will reduce. The retail and wholesale industry is the most likely to reduce targets.
• Companies have not provided additional monetary support to frontline employees. Download the report.
Spotlight on SingaporeFrom February 12 to 18, 2020, Mercer Singapore conducted a pulse survey on the business responses to the coronavirus outbreak in Singapore; 260 responses were received.
• Over half of the respondents have a business continuity/pandemic readiness plan, and have started to implement it.
• Only a few offices or plants in Singapore have been closed as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak.
• In the event of an office closure, the majority of companies allow employees to work from home, if available.
• Typical arrangements companies have made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak focus on health and safety in the workplace.
• Work from home arrangements have been implemented widely, and are usually applied on a discretionary basis.
• There is little impact on reward budgets, with the exception of frontline staff — where employers plan to protect employees’ pay.
• Companies are restricting travel to minimize exposure to COVID-19.
• Quarantine or self-imposed isolation following travel to locations with confirmed cases of the COVID-19 is common, even if no sign of symptoms.
• Employers closely follow the government quarantine standards. Medical screening upon return to work is not required by half of the respondents.
• During quarantine and self-imposed isolation, employees tend to continue to work remotely at full pay.
• Medical and travel insurance policies are being reviewed widely; very few companies evacuated expatriate employees. Download the report.
©2020 Mercer LLC. 7 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Status of COVID-19 planning
Very concerned Not concernedSomewhat concerned
N=309
13.6%
49.2%
37.2%
Globally, businesses are concernedNot only are companies concerned because they employ a large numbers of Chinese employees, half of the respondents are anticipating an economic impact due to disruptions in the normal course of business. Further, many fear a serious impact if a large proportion of their workforce is ill.
We have a general concern about the health and welfare of our employees.
While few of the participants classified themselves as pioneers in their reaction during the COVID-19 outbreak; more than half believe they are early followers — actively collecting external information and reacting promptly with little or no ambiguity for the employees.
Almost half of respondents have a Business Continuity Plan (BCP), of which just over one-third have begun implementing the plan in China.
How concerned are companies about the COVID-19 epidemic?
©2020 Mercer LLC. 8 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
We employ a large number of employees globally
We employ a large number of local employees in China
We have a significant expatriate population in China
OtherWe will be seriously impacted if a large proportion of the workforce is ill, regardless of location
We are anticipating an economic impact due to disruptions in the normal course of business
Status of COVID-19 planning
Why are companies concerned?
How do companies describe their reaction during this COVID-19 outbreak?
11.2%
55.8%
25.1%
7.9%
Pioneer — acts proactively and makes timely decisions to address the situation ahead of time
Early follower — actively collects external information and reacts promptly with little to no ambiguity for the employees
Late follower — relies heavily on external information which may result in a time-lag in decision making and some uncertainties for the employees
Lone ranger — imposes very little change
N=266
N=303
38.0% 50.8%36.8% 49.6%10.9% 20.3%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 9 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Have companies closed any offices or plants in China or Hong Kong as a result of the COVID-19 epidemic?
In the event of an office closure, how do companies handle local employee working time?
N=96 N=308
Yes, until a specific date
Yes, with no specific end date
No, but are monitoring closely
No, we do not have plans to close 7.3%
16.7%34.4%
41.7% Work from home, if available to employee
Work is halted, compensation continues for select employees
Work and compensation are both halted
Work is halted, compensation continues for all employees
Other
92.2%
11.0%
2.9%
20.8%
6.2%
Status of COVID-19 planning
©2020 Mercer LLC. 10 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Have companies encouraged employees to work remotely to minimize exposure to the COVID-19?
Do companies have a business continuity plan or pandemic preparedness plan in place to handle global outbreaks of pandemics?
Status of COVID-19 planning
17.9%
31.1%
23.8%
27.2%
Yes, and have begun implementing the plan in China
Yes, but have not yet implemented the plan
No, but we are in the process of developing a plan
No
What is a Business Continuity Plan (BCP)?• Ensures continuity in the event of a disaster
• Enables ongoing operations
• Outlines procedures and instructions to follow in the face of a disaster; whether it is a natural disaster such as an earthquake or hurricane; a fire; a cyber-attack or a medical epidemic.
N=308 N=302
Yes, globally
Yes, only in China
No
Yes, across the Asian region
Not yet, but monitoring the situation
Yes, in China and directly neighboring countries of China
Other
7.1%
18.5%
14.0%
7.5%
32.8%
9.1%
11.0%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 11 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
What arrangements have companies made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak?
Status of COVID-19 planning
Provided masks in the workplace
Arranged special flexible working hours (i.e., reduced operating hours)
Offered unpaid leave application for employees to suspend working
Provided hand sanitizer in workplace
Requested self-quarantine for the staff who have traveled to mainland China recently
Addressed employee psychological stress
Arranged for temperatures to be checked
Postponed nonessential travel to countries where there are confirmed cases of the COVID-19
Conducted internal survey to understand employees’ conditions and to collect feedback
Arranged for greater flexibility to work from home
Implemented a shift schedule to rotate staff for working hours
Other
N=281
48.0%
68.0%
29.5%
58.0%
17.4%
57.7%
71.9%
8.5%
3.9%
16.4%
10.7%
17.4%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 12 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Status of COVID-19 planning
Related to setting goals for your 2020 incentive compensation plans, what if anything is your company considering doing in reaction to the impact of the COVID-19 on business results? Select all that apply.
Related to in-progress long-term incentive compensation awards, what if anything is your company considering doing in reaction to the impact of the COVID-19? Select all that apply.
N=294
N=293
5.8%
9.9%
83.6%
2.0%Lowering threshold or target goals
Making discretionary adjustments at the end of the performance period
None of the above
Other
Lowering threshold or target goals
Changing or adding performance metrics
Isolating China business and providing for automatic adjustment for the impact of the virus
OtherAllowing for discretionary adjustments at the end of the performance period
None of the above
2.0% 10.5%3.4% 76.9%4.4% 8.5%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 13 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
The impact to expatsLess than 20% of participants have evacuated expatriates from affected locations in China, with the majority continuously monitoring the situation. In a few rare cases, expatriate assignments have been ended specifically as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. For the most part, companies continue to monitor the situation, allowing their expatriates to leave if requested. In such cases time away from the assignment is most often handled as emergency or home leave.
Does your company have expatriate employees?
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues Yes, but none in China Yes, including some in China No
43.7%
34.7%
21.5%
N=311
©2020 Mercer LLC. 14 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
World Health Organization (WHO) travel advisory
Other government travel notices or advisories
Other
Centers for Disease Control (CDC) travel notices
International evacuation companies (e.g., International SOS)
EU Health Commissioner travel recommendations
Reports of human-to-human transmission in a location
Federal Government travel notices or advisories
Reports of deaths associated with human-to-human transmission in a location
N=106
How do companies determine when to evacuate an assignee and their family?
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
77.4%
43.4%
31.1%
50.9%
42.5%
53.8%
11.3%
6.6%
22.6%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 15 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Have companies evacuated expatriates and their families from any of the affected locations?
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
Most companies that have evacuated expats and their families have not encountered issues in securing transportation away from the affected locations.
4.6%
11.0%
0.6% 3.5%
48.0%
17.3%15.0%
Yes, expatriates and families have been or are in the process of being evacuated from all locations in China and Hong Kong
Yes, but only families have been evacuated
Other
Yes, expatriates and families have been or are in the process of being evacuated from all globally affected locations
No plans to evacuate
Yes, expatriates and families have been or are in the process of being evacuated from the affected locations in China only
No, monitoring the situation
N=173
©2020 Mercer LLC. 16 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
In the event of an evacuation...• Evacuated expatriates and their families are typically sent
to the home-country — which may or may not count as home leave.
• Allowances are continued, but may vary in length of evacuation.
• Airfare, accommodations, and local transportation for both the expatriate and family are typically covered.
• Length of evacuation is handled on a case-by-case basis, ensuring it is deemed safe to return.
If an evacuation is implemented, where will companies move expatriates and their families?
If an evacuation is implemented, will expatriate-related allowances continue?
16.1%
22.1%
58.4%
3.4%
Yes, some allowances are continued, while others are suspended
Yes, but varies based on length of evacuation
Yes, all allowances are continued without interruption
No, all allowances are suspended for the period of evacuation
Other
43.2%
15.5%
20.9%
4.7%
15.5%
N=148
Neighboring countries
Home-country, counted as home leave
Home-country, not counted as home leave
Other
N=149
©2020 Mercer LLC. 17 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
If an evacuation is implemented, what expenses are typically covered?
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
For the assignee
For the family
Airfare
Meals
Other
Local transportation (e.g., car rental, public transportation)
All expenses covered in a per diem
Accommodations
Miscellaneous
N=151
N=14874.3% 18.9% 21.6%51.4% 8.1%39.9% 14.2%25.2% 17.9%54.3% 9.3%47.0% 17.9%76.8%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 18 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
If an evacuation is implemented, when will the assignee return to their host location?
Have companies ended any China-based expatriate assignments specifically as a result of the COVID-19?
N=148
N=156
Once the epidemic/pandemic alerts have ended
Handled on a case-by-case basis
Once it is deemed safe to return
6.1%
48.6% 45.3%
No, not yet but monitoring the situation
No, our company would not end an assignment as a result of a pandemic or epidemic
Yes
Handled on a case-by-case basis
Other
4.5%
16.7%
18.6%
39.7%
20.5%
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
©2020 Mercer LLC. 19 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Allows expatriate to leave, and company pays all expenses
Yes, all allowances are continued without interruption
Assignment ends, expatriate is repatriated to home-country
No, all allowances are suspended until the expatriate returns to their assignment
Allows expatriate to leave, and company does not pay expenses
Yes, but varies based on length of evacuation
OtherAllows expatriate to leave, and company pays some expenses
Yes, some allowances are continued, while others are suspended
Handled on a case-by-case basis
Other
24.1%
19.2%
5.7%
39.7%
10.8%
4.6%
40.5%
23.2%
12.0%
13.2%
7.0%
N=158
N=151
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
When employees choose to leave• Expatriates are allowed to leave; expenses are typically
paid but are also handled on a case-by-case basis.
• Expatriate allowances are more often suspended in this situation.
• Time away from assignment counted as home leave, emergency leave or vacation — often determined on a case-by-case basis.
If an evacuation is not implemented but the expatriate requests to leave, how do companies handle the situation?
If an evacuation is not implemented, but the expatriate decides to leave on their own, are expatriate-related allowances continued?
©2020 Mercer LLC. 20 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
N=150
If an evacuation is not implemented, but the expatriate decides to leave on their own, how is the leave handled?
Counted as home leave
Other
Counted as vacation
Counted as emergency leave
22.7%
36.0%
24.7%16.7%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 21 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Expatriate-specific concerns and issues
N=152
If an evacuation is not implemented or not possible due to limited transportation, which of the following recommendations do companies provide?
Staying put... • Expatriates expected to work from home in affected locations; business as usual in unaffected areas.
• Instructed to stay in close contact with local human resources and security officers and business continuity teams.
• Advised to follow the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) on a daily basis as well as home-country consulates for expatriate-specific updates.
• Follow the same instructions as local employees, wearing masks, and washing hands often.
If an evacuation is not implemented or not possible due to limited transportation, how do companies handle the situation?
Follow the WHO and CDC recommendations on a daily basis
Follow the company’s portal/dedicated website/intranet for updates and news
Wear masks/have an air purifier in the home
Follow the home-country consulate for updates specific to expatriates
Stay in close contact with local HR/security officers’/business continuity teams
Other
48.0%
45.4%
71.1%
13.8%
75.7%
42.8%
Work from home in affected areas
OtherBusiness as usual in nonaffected areas
Increased or added danger/hardship allowances
82.1%
13.5%
4.5%
35.9%
N=156
©2020 Mercer LLC. 22 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Business- traveler concerns and issues
Reducing exposure outside of ChinaA clear and quick way to minimize exposure to COVID-19 is to curtail business travel. Just a handful of companies have gone to the extreme route of banning all travel globally, while the majority is concentrating mostly on all or nonessential travel to China.
Most have not yet recalled any travelers from China.
To minimize exposure to COVID-19, has your company taken action to curtail business travel?
Yes, banned all travel globally
Yes, banned only nonessential travel globally
Yes, banned all nonessential travel to all affected locations
Yes, banned all travel to affected cities in China
Yes, banned only nonessential travel to affected cities in China
No
Other
Yes, banned all travel to China
Yes, banned only nonessential travel to China
Not yet, but monitoring the situation
4.9%
6.2%
38.1%
10.7%
18.9%
2.6%
1.3%
8.1%
6.5%
2.6%
N=307
©2020 Mercer LLC. 23 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Have companies recalled any travelers from China?
Yes, recalled all travelers from China
NoNot yet, but monitoring the situation
Yes, recalled all nonessential travelers from China
Other
12.0%
51.7%
6.3%
12.0%
18.0%
Business traveler concerns and issues
Most companies that have recalled business travelers have not encountered difficulties.
N=300
©2020 Mercer LLC. 24 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Most companies have not encountered issues with governmental restrictions when business travelers returning home.
Under what circumstances would companies ban all business travel to a certain location?
Business traveler concerns and issues
80.3%
53.8%56.2%
16.9%
35.9%
10.0%
33.8%
20.3%
World Health Organization (WHO) travel advisory
Other government entity travel notices or advisories
Reports of deaths associated with human-to-human transmission in a location
EU Health Commissioner travel recommendations
Reports of human-to-human transmission in a location
Centers for Disease Control (CDC) travel notices
International evacuation companies (e.g., International SOS)
Other
N=290
©2020 Mercer LLC. 25 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Quarantines and self-imposed isolation periodsWhile the majority have yet to implement a mandatory quarantine or self-imposed isolation, companies are encouraging employees that have recently been to affected areas to stay home.
Quarantine periods vary depending on the disease and corresponding incubation length. In the case of COVID-19, the incubation period is anywhere from 2 to 14 days.
Employees are typically paid for the duration of quarantine or self-isolation, often requiring to continue work remotely. Otherwise vacation or sick days are used.
Has your company instituted any mandatory quarantine period following travel to locations with confirmed cases of the COVID-19, even if no sign of symptoms?
Post-travel related concerns and issues Yes, for business and
personal travelYes, for business travel only
Not yet, but monitoring the situation
No
22.8%
34.4%
4.2%
38.6%
N=311
©2020 Mercer LLC. 26 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Are employees returning from an affected location paid for the duration of the quarantine or self-imposed isolation period?
Post-travel related concerns and issues
For those companies mandating a quarantine or self-imposed isolation after travel to affected locations, 90%+ are requiring a 14 day period.
N=129
Yes, in all cases
Yes, only for quarantines or self-imposed isolations resulting from business travel
No
0.8%
80.6%
18.6%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 27 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
How is work handled when an employee is quarantined or in self-imposed isolation?
Do employees undergo a screening before returning to work after a quarantine or self-imposed isolation period?
Employee works remotely
Employee uses personal days
Other
Employee uses sick days
Employee uses vacation days
92.4%
6.9%
10.7%
15.3%
19.8%
N=131
N=129
Yes, a medical examination
Other
No screening required
Yes, a questionnaire
37.2%
17.1%
10.1%
46.5%
Post-travel related concerns and issues
©2020 Mercer LLC. 28 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
Demographics
What is the size of your company’s workforce worldwide?
Where is your company headquartered?
Under 5,000 employees
50,000–99,999 employees
100,000 or more employees
10,000–49,999 employees
5,000–9,999 employees
57.0% 6.5% 5.8%11.3% 19.4%
N=309
N=308
Africa
Latin America and Caribbean
Eastern Europe
Western Europe
Australia or Oceania
North America
Asia
Middle East
0.3%
4.2%
2.6%
20.8%
12.7%
0.3%
5.8%
53.3%
©2020 Mercer LLC. 29 Business reponses to the COVID-19 outbreak
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