WHERE DO EARTHQUAKES USUALLY HAPPEN? Fault Lines around the
World such as the San Andreas fault in California and the Ring of
fire that runs through the pacific ocean
Slide 4
HOW OFTEN DO EARTHQUAKES HAPPEN T100 Earthquakes that can
damage objects happen every year 100,000 Earthquakes are felt every
year 1 8.0 or above level earthquake happens a year
Slide 5
NATURAL STRUCTURES INVOLVED The Earth and The Tectonic Plates
of the Earth rubbing side to side
Slide 6
WHAT USUALLY HAPPENS Usually it is a small earthquake which no
one feels and daily life resumes. these happen a lot of times a
day.
Slide 7
EXTREME SCENARIOS Cities and Countries can get totaled Power
outages are common in big earthquakes The most recent of these
would be the Japan 2011 Earthquake/Tsunami This video is an
earthquake in Turkey in 2011
Slide 8
HOW ARE EARTHQUAKES MEASURED The Richter Scale measures seismic
waves and represents them on a logarithmic scale which determines
how strong an earthquake is. Here is the scale found on Scholastic
9.0 and above Causes complete devastation and large-scale loss of
life. 8.0 Very few buildings stay up. Bridges fall down.
Underground pipes burst. Railroad rails bend. Large rocks move.
Smaller objects are tossed into the air. Some objects are swallowed
up by the earth. 7.0 It is hard to keep your balance. The ground
cracks. Roads shake. Weak buildings fall down. Other buildings are
badly damaged. 6.0 Pictures can fall off walls. Furniture moves. In
some buildings, walls may crack. 5.0 If you are in a car, it may
rock. Glasses and dishes may rattle. Windows may break. 4.0
Buildings shake a little. It feels like a truck is passing by your
house. 3.0 You may notice this quake if you are sitting still, or
upstairs in a house. A hanging object, like a model airplane, may
swing. 2.0 Trees sway. Small ponds ripple. Doors swing slowly. But
you can't tell that an earthquake is to blame. 1.0 Earthquakes this
small happen below ground. You can't feel them.
Slide 9
AFTER AFFECTS Common after effects of earthquakes are more
small earthquakes, avalanches, landslides, and tsunamis.
Slide 10
KEY TERMS aftershock: ground shaking that occurs after the main
shock of an earthquake. epicenter: the point on Earth's surface
directly above the focus of an earthquake, where seismic waves
first appear. fault: crack in Earth's surface where two plates or
sections of the crust push and slide in opposite directions against
one another. foreshock: ground shaking that occurs before the main
shock of an earthquake. magnitude: the power of an earthquake, as
recorded by a seismograph, or seismometer. Richter scale: scale
developed by American seismologist Charles Richter that describes
the amount of energy released by an earthquake. seismic waves:
vibrations that move outward from the focus of an earthquake,
causing the ground to shake. seismograph: instrument used to detect
and measure seismic waves. Also known as a seismometer.
Slide 11
KEY SCIENTISTS Charles Richter, an American seismologist who
made the current scale for measuring earthquakes, The Richter Scale
Giuseppe Mercalli, an Italian seismologist which made a less common
scale called a Mercalli scale which measured quakes by actual
damage and how much it was felt by humans Moment Magnitude Typical
Maximum Modified Mercalli Intensity 1.0 3.0 I 3.0 3.9 II III 4.0
4.9 IV V 5.0 5.9 VI VII 6.0 6.9 VII VIII 7.0+ IX or higher
Slide 12
CREDITS How often do earthquakes happen. Where do Earthquakes
usually happen Natural Structures Involved How are Earthquakes
Measured? After Effects Key words Key Scientists
http://www.earthquakealert.com/?c ategoryId=7779
http://www.earthquakealert.com/?c ategoryId=7779
http://knowledge.allianz.com/?566/h
aiti-earthquake-natural-disaster
http://knowledge.allianz.com/?566/h
aiti-earthquake-natural-disaster
http://www.learner.org/interactives/d ynamicearth/plate.html
http://www.learner.org/interactives/d ynamicearth/plate.html
khanacademy.org and search Richter Scale.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T RDpTEjumdo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T RDpTEjumdo
http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/scic/Refe
renceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsW indow?displayGroupName=Referenc
e&disableHighlighting=false&prodId=
SCIC&action=e&windowstate=norma
l&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CCX3 044900017&mode=view Same
link as 6 th link for Key words and Key Scientists.