THE STORY OF THE CELTS

BY: Albert Frank Haruki Adachi

Come with us back in history to the Celtic times.

HistoryOur civilization started 1200 BCE. We spread from central Europe to western Europe to the South and the East. But now we only live in Wales and Ireland.

The Romans and the Celts

Around 40 AD the Roman army conquered our last tribes in Britain. We were constantly at war but we lacked the discipline of the Greeks and the Romans. This is the reason why we were conquered.

Important periods in Celtic history

1. Hallstatt period (Austria) from 800 BC to 500 BC.

2. La Tene period (Switzerland) from 500 BC to 50 AD.

Geography

The first Celtic settlements were located in Hallstatt and La Tene. From there the Celts spread out to Britain in the north, France and Spain in the west, Italy in the south and the middle east and Egypt in the east.

Environmental factors

The Celts mined for salt to preserve meat. They mined for copper and dug for iron to make tools and weapons. Some of the important cities include Hallstatt.

Stable Food Supply

We planted weeds. We used iron tools to plant and reap weeds: iron plows to till heavy soil more easily. We used iron axes to cut down forests to get new cropland.

Our year was divided into four parts: Imbolc, Beltane, Lughnasadh, and Samhain, which is Halloween.

Livestock

Our farm fields were protected by fences or stone walls so that livestock didn't come in. Our livestock were driven out to open pasture in spring. The most important animals for us were cows because cows gave meat, milk, butter, and cheese.We also had sheep and pigs.

Social Structure

Kings were at the top of the our society. Each tribe was loyal to his king. Only priests had more power than kings.

A king's job was : protecting his people against enemies, subduing weaker tribes, and acquiring more farmland. A king was expected to be perfect in body and spirit. Every member of the tribe financially supported his or her king.

King

Celtic Women

Our women had many rights. They could divorce their husbands. Women could have a business, inherit property, and marry whom they wanted.

Marriages

Marriages were important to make social, political, and economic bonds that gave security in times of need.

Celtic Government

Our rulers were men. They were either nobles or warriors. Our women could also become rulers. One of our tribe was ruled by queen called Cartimandua. The rulers either inherited their title or they were chosen by a council of nobles. The government consisted of rulers, council of nobles, and warriors.

Religion

The druids were our priest. Various signs and symbols in nature were important to us. Only Druids could understand them and explain them to kings and people. For example, What did it mean when clouds in the sky took a certain shape.

Education It took twenty years to become a Druid.

Students had to learn:• how to connect people's world and spirits'

world• the history of Celtic tribes• stories of the gods • laws of astronomy• Medicine• Gods

Gods

Some people were sacrificed to gods. There were many gods. Gods were different from place to place. For example, The god of storms and thunder. The god of war. The goddess of medicine. The goddess of horses.

Technology What important inventions did WE create

to solve problems?• The sickle, a tool to harvest crops. • A crude compass to indicate directions. • The pottery wheel to make plates and cups.• The rotary millstone, a tool to grind wheat.• We developed a technique to keep bees. We

used their honey to sweeten their meals.

What inventions are still around today?• The sickle and the pottery wheel.

Language

At first we didn't have a writing system because we didn't write anything down. The Druids, our priests and teachers forbade us to read or write.

Creating a writing system

The writing system we developed later was similar to that of the Vikings. We had an alphabet with 30 letters.

Our Celtic tribes spoke different Celtic languages. Most of them died out. Some of them were revived: Erse, Gaelic, Welsh and Breton are still spoken in Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Our Art Celtic craftsmen made their jewelry out

of bronze, iron, and gold. A lot of jewelry was decorated with circles and animals. They used -------- to carve words into the material. The materials were bronze, stone, iron, and gold porzelan. What kind of music did they play? A bard told myths and sang while a person played the flute.

Food People ate porridge, stew of beef, pork,

or mutton with onions, turnips and garlic. They used wooden bowls.

Clothing

Men A Celtic man wore

a linen tunic with a leather belt around his waist. When it is cold, he wore trousers and wrapped a large wool blanket.

WomenA Celtic woman wore a blouse with large sleeves, a long skirt with a belt around her waist.

Shelter

The house was circular about 6 meter in diameter. In the center, there was stone hearth, which provided heat and a place to cook. Candles made of beef tallow or beeswax were used to light up the room. People slept on beds covered with wheat straw.

THE END

Thank you for Listening\Reading wishes Albert And Haruki

BibliographyQUIZ TIME!

Gotshaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

Question 1

Did Celts reached to Turkey?

Answer

yes

Question 2

Where did the Celts started?

Answer

Hallstatt

Question 3

Where does the Celts live now?

Answer

Most of them are in Ireland and Wales.

Question 4

What is the four season divided for farmers?

Answer

Our year was divided into four parts: Imbolc, Beltane, Lughnasadh, and Samhain, which is Halloween.

Question 5

Were the Celts constantly at War?

Answer

Yes

BibliograthyPicture from:• my-myeetong.blogspot.com• wallpapers.free-review.net• www.kelticdesigns.com• httpwww.hallstatt.at• httpanthr.religion.nielsonpi.commod5.html• httpceltic-society.comwho_en• httpwesteroscraft.comforumsviewtopic.phpf=5&t=2216• httpwww.americeltic.netcontinentalcelts.html• httpwww.chiddingstone.kent.sch.ukhomeworkceltsindex.

html• httpwww.euratlas.comMappingCelticTerritory.htm• httpwww.shee-eire.comArts&Craftshousinghouse.htm• httpwww.swordhistory.infop=76Other:• From the book

Production work

Idea: Mr.G & Dr. PCharts: Haruki A &Albert FCopy and Pasting of Charts: Albert FSearching the picture : Albert F & Haruki APicture: Haruki AQuiz: Haruki A & Albert FDesign: Albert FTechnology: Haruki ABackground Person: Haruki ACleaning: Dr.PTHE REAL END (O _ O)

Last time

We I feel so sad that any of you saw “The model city burning” in the last time.By Production workers.

This timeFor this time, we had lots of evolution for techniques and sentences, but any of you will notice it. By Production workers.This presentation is not made for slander or bullying.

This presentation is not allowed to be copied or downloaded.