BY CANDLELIGHT

Sabbatini’s dimming mechanism, 1638

“Theatre Lighting before Electricity,” Frederick Penzel, 1978

(CIBSE Heritage Group Collection)

Movable footlights, Theatre Royal Ipswich “Theatre & Playhouse,”

Richard & Helen Leacroft 1984 (CIBSE Heritage Group Collection)

Red Bull Theatre, 1672, believed to be the first illustration

of the use of footlights on an English stage (Penzel)

Used as a Christmas Card design by CIBSE Heritage Group

in support of the CIBSE Benevolent Fund

Footlights in a trough 1749 (Penzel)

Lighting the footlights, possibly Theatre Royal Ipswich (Leacroft)

Candle footlights at the Comedie Italienne 1772

“World Theatre,” Bamber Gascoigne, 1968

Candle wall sconces in use for a production of Hamlet, 1709 (Penzel)

Lighting the candles in a theatre (lowtechmagazine.com)