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French and English Relations in the 1980s and 1990s
By:Edwin, Muhammad, Ashley, Brandon, Catherine, Kashaf, and Shareena
1980 Referendum
Parti QuebecoisQuebec nationalistsRene Levesque
Sovereignty-by-associationPolitical independenceRetain economic ties with Canada
(Same currency, free trade, etc.)
Didn’t pass, only 40% voted yes
TrudeauDrafted Constitution
BNA Act 1867Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Patriating the constitutionMeans to bring the BNA act to Canada (from GB) so we can
change itNeeded to change law that prevented us from changing it,
Amending FormulaRules stating how changes to the constitution can be
made7/10 provinces or 50% of the population must agree
before changes can be madeTrudeau needed the amending formula so that other
provinces could make changes, but a unanimous vote was difficult
Kitchen CompromiseThe Prime Minister and Premiers Literally went into
the kitchen to discuss the amending formula over coffeeEventually resulted in the notwithstanding clause
Premier Levesque felt betrayed because he was not included in the compromise, and felt that everyone had denied Quebec its distinct status
Notwithstanding ClauseA Clause in the Constitution
Enables Legislature or Parliament to stand on a matter even if it goes against the Charter of rights and freedoms
How to ‘Fix’ a Constitution
Constitution DebateOngoing political issues
Over the fundamental laws of the country The division of power Inclusion of civil rights
PM Mulroney wanted to make up for the Quebec exclusionWanted to obtain Quebec's consent to the constitution
Meech Lake AccordConstitutional amendments
Would define Quebec as a distinct society within CanadaHowever,
It was opposed by the Parti QuebecoisTrudeau thought it would split CanadaMight let Quebec override the constitution and deprive
people of their rightshttp://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=oA2-Ch4vC4k
Elijah HarperCree Member of Manitoba LegislatureOpposed the Meech lake accord because it did not
recognize Canada's aboriginal nations as a distinct society
Charlottetown AccordCharlottetown accord wanted to make amendments
made by the governmentThis failed because voters in Quebec voted “no” as it
didn’t give Quebec enough powerBut in BC voted no because they thought it would give
Quebec too much powerhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQtDw0Cc
gBc
Lucien Bouchard and the Bloc Quebecois
Lucien bouchard was the founder of the Bloc Quebecois and became Quebec's premier in 1996
Bloc Quebecois = Federal partyMade to promote political succession of Quebec
1995 Referendum49.4% of Quebecois voted yes to sovereignty
This close vote shocked CanadiansThe “yes” voters from the Meech lake accord promoted the
humiliation from the failed attempt there, won over votersThe supreme court said that Quebec did not have the
right to separate completelyThey needed a higher percentage And negotiate with the rest of CanadaAnd the assorted groups of minorities living in Quebechttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ygdKavHXdA
Clarity ActAct passed in 1999 which stated that any future
Quebec bills to separate must have a clear majority and ask a clear question