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Eyelid Neoplasm or eyelid tumors are found in both cats and dogs but mostly in older dogs
Some breeds that are predisposed to eyelid masses include:
o Poodleso Labrador Retrievers o Cocker Spanielo Samoyedo Siberian Huskyo Cock-a-pooo Alaskan Malamuteo Cairn Terriero Dachshundo Shih Tzuo Basset Hounds
Usually benign
May be based on clinical appearance
Often originate from the glands located within the eyelid margin
Canine Eyelid Neoplasm
• Most common in dogs
• It rises from the meibomian gland and found near the meibomian orifice
• Can be confused with sebaceous hyperplasias
Meibomian (sebaceous) Adenoma
Elevated, nodular masses and are usually 2-5 mm in diameter
May appear black or brown but often appear as yellowish or tan on cut section
May exhibit alopecia, hyperpigmentation and ulceration with secondary infection
May be itchy and inflamed
Symptoms
Fine needle aspiration with cytology followed by histopathology and tissue biopsy are often used to confirm what kind of tumor we are dealing with
Surgery is often recommended to remove the eyelid tumor however they may reoccur more than once
Dx and Tx
Less common in cats but are often more malignant
Not all masses of the eyelids are tumors though. Some are fungal infections and others can be inflammation
Feline Eyelid Neoplasm
Most common
Commonly found in cats with white or pink eyelids
Common in outdoor cats with prolonged sun exposure
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Ulcerated and reddened area on eyelid margin
Excessive tearing
Mucoid or pus-like discharge from the eye
Cloudiness, bluish haze or film covering the cornea
Frequent pawing or rubbing of the eye
Increased blinking or squinting of the eyelids
Symptoms
Complete medical history and physical examination
Complete ophthalmic examinationFluorescein staining of the corneaBacterial culture of secretions from the eyeFungal culture and cytologyFine needle aspirateTissue biopsy Chest X-rays to look for possible spread of the
tumor
Dx
Surgical removal
Surgical reconstructive techniques to preserve protection of the eye
Small mast cell tumors may respond to systemic corticosteroids or locally injected corticosteroids
Cryotherapy, freezing of the tumor
If large enough, may also involve removal of the eye
Tx
An eyelid mass should be removed :
The mass becomes too largeConcern about malignancyCorneal or Conjunctival irritationThe patient is traumatizing the mass
Also the owner may just want it removed for cosmetic purposes
Indications for Surgery
The patient is placed in sternal or lateral recumbency
Specialized eye drapes are used ( precut hole placed over the eye and secured in place with towel clamps)
Surgically clip the surrounding area and scrub
Flush eye with saline to remove any debris
Procedure
Bishop-Harman forceps
Chalazion ForcepsJaegar Lid PlateStevens Tonotomy
ScissorsNeedle Holders
Surgical Supplies
Options : Wedge Resection
Chalazion forceps or Jaeger lid plate are used for stabilization
A full thickness incision is made using a sharp dissection
The incision is then closed using two layers
Our role in this procedure is mostly client education other than handing the tools to the DVM, assisting as the scrub nurse during the procedure or taking vitals
Important issues to address to the client would be :Eyelid tumors can reoccur multiple timesMonitoring their activity so as to not open the incisionMonitor incision for infection and keep it cleanUse of an Elizabethan collar may be needed to keep the
animal from causing more trauma to the eyeFollow up appointments are necessary
CVT's Role
However, there is nothing we can tell the owner for prevention purposes, unless we get to educate them on the breed of dog they choose, and even then it can still happen in breeds that are not predisposed to eyelid tumors
Educating them on how to care for their animal after the treatment plan is about all we can do.
Canine Cancer: Sebaceous and Modified Sebaceous Gland Tumors Artical from National Canine Cancer Foundation (2010) Retrieved on 2-23-11 from http://dogtime.com/sebaceous-and-modified-sebaceous-gland-tumors-canine-cancer-library.html
Eyelid Tumors in Dogs By: Dr. Noelle McNabb (1999-2010) Retrieved on 2-23-11 from http://www.petplace.com/dogs/eyelid-tumors-in-dogs/page1.aspx
Eyelid Tumors in Cats By: Dr. Noelle McNabb (1999-2010) Retrieved on 2-23-11 from http://www.petplace.com/cats/eyelid-tumors-in-cats/page1.aspx
Small Animal Surgical Nursing Skills and Concepts by: Sara J. Busch (2006 Mosby Inc) Retrieved on 2-23-11 from Chapter 7 Specific Procedures Ophthalmic Procedures Pages 225-232
Referances