Modes of TransportationBy

K Anandhi

International ocean transportationLiner shipsTramp ships

Others Suez max shipsCape size shipsVery large crude carrierUltra large crude carrier

Dead weight tonnage- DWTTotal capacity of the ship that is the

maximum weight of the cargo it can carryExpressed in long tonesTonnage is the measurement used by the

companiesIt includes the bunker and stores

Registered tonnageDisplacement tonnageLight tonnagePlimsoll lines

Broad based groupsContainer shipsRoll on/Roll off shipsBreak bulk shipsCombination shipsLighter aboard ship(LASH ship)Crude carriersDry bulk carriersGas carriers

Chartering 1. Time charter2. Voyage charter3. Demise charter

Non vessel-operating common carriers (NVOCC)

International Air TransportationPassenger planesCombisAir freightersChartersInternational land transportationRail transportation

Alternative means of transportation world wide1. Pipe lines2. Barges3. Hovercrafts