CLEANLINESSIN

INDIAN RAILWAYS(MAJOR PROJECT)

By

Naresh Kumar

Hari Mohan Dubey

Nanda Kumaran M

Mukul Kumar Singh

Manoj Kumar Mahawar

(IRSS(P) 2012)

INTRODUCTION Cleanliness has become priority issue in

Indian Railways.

Indians are ready for a Clean India and a Cleaner Railways.

CLEANLINESS ISSUES IDENTIFIED People stick bills/posters outside trains

and on platforms

Travellers do not flush after using the toilet.

Using toilets when the train is stationary.

People spitting on the station/on the tracks/inside the train.

People defecating in the open at railway stations and on tracks.

Railways does not have adequate housekeeping staff to clean toilets

Smoking in train compartments

Dustbins in compartments are inadequate or not emptied timely

Rats and Cockroaches are common in compartments and pantry.

People sleeping on the floor and pathways.

People sleeping on the platforms.

ROOT CAUSES IDENTIFIED Too large an organization to be managed

by the Government.

Cleanliness standards are very low.

Sense of cleanliness/ hygiene among the general public is missing.

Lack of accountability of cleaning staff, faulty/negligent auditing system.

Not enough dustbins on the stations and inside the train.

Number of people traveling in the trains is far more than the capacity.

Railways has a very old style of working.

A large population of people is still uneducated.

Railways caters to a very large population and it becomes tough to regulate them

SCENARIO IN CHENNAI CENTRAL

Chennai Central was 180 short of the sanctioned 405 maintenance employees.

In 2014, the number of dustbins in the station was 28.50 per 10,000 passengers.

Despite the ban on manual scavenging since 1993, men and women continue to manually remove human waste lying on the tracks in the Chennai Central Station.

CURRENT CLEANING PRACTICES IN INDIAN RAILWAYS Intensive Mechanized cleaning-high

pressure jet cleaners, floor scrubbers, vacuum suction cleaners etc. are deployed.

On Board Housekeeping Scheme (OBHS):Under OBHS, the cleaning staff will be on-board. Passengers can call them to clean the coaches and toilets, if they are found dirty.

Disposable Bed Linen. Bio-Toilets.

Clean Train Station scheme.

Setting up of mechanized laundries for washing linen.

Pest and rodent control in trains

OBSERVATIONS MADE AT VARIOUS STATIONS No separate dustbins were kept for

degradable and non degradable waste

Both the number of dustbins and vats were found to be inadequate.

Dustbins were either without lids or were overflowing.

Dustbins were also found without poly bags or in a broken condition.

OBSERVATIONS MADE AT VARIOUS STATIONS Plastic wastes are not segregated and

disposed properly.

Lack of monitoring to ensure compliance with statutory obligations and provisions of contracts

Lack of modern and mechanized approach towards station cleanliness at small stations.

OBSERVATIONS MADE AT VARIOUS STATIONS lack the infrastructure to recycle.

Waste management data are poorly maintained

No separate Waste Management Cell

EFFICIENT WASTE MANAGEMENT A comprehensive waste management

policy

Estimation of waste generated in IR

Segregation of bio-degradable and non bio-degradable waste

Separate dustbins for bio degradable and non bio degradable waste

EFFICIENT WASTE MANAGEMENT

Maintaining accurate data and communicating information about the environmental benefits can motivate participation.

Bin Selection and Placement.

Space requirements for waste management or renovation simplify implementation

State and local governments should offer recycling assistance to railway stations.

LITTERING BEHAVIOUR STUDY

Understand the Littering behavior of public and take action accordingly.

Motivations to litter

Barriers to proper disposal

Motivations for proper disposal.

Habits, which refer to patterns of behavior which individuals carry out almost automatically.

ANTI-LITTERING POLICIESImposition of fines and other measures to deter people from habit of littering

Adequate number of dustbins put up so that no one throws garbage on other places.

The lack of dustbins at regular intervals is prompting the public to litter, making the premises unclean and unhygienic

NGO PARTICIPATION

Inviting various NGO in cleanliness programs.

Providing them space and fund for recycling plants for trash generated from various trains and stations

It will lead to employment generation

E.g. Chintan, Material Recovery Facility at New Delhi Railway station

RO PLANTS

Providing RO water plants on board coaches and stations to eliminate the plastic waste generated due to water bottles.

Save water bottle costs and provide environmental benefits

Pure and unlimited drinking water.

DISPOSABLE LINEN

Partially washed or dirty linens could be replaced by disposable linens.

Laundry charges could be saved.

These linens could be recycled for further use.

DUSTBIN Size should be

increased.

Ensuring regular emptying of dustbin so that the dustbin does not overflow.

Dry and Wet waste dustbins should be kept in place.

USE OF MODERN CLEANING EQUIPMENTS Right Machine For

Right Application

Wet and Dry vacuum cleaner

Auto scrubber driers Direct Throw

Technology Sweeping machines

BASE KITCHEN Base Kitchen should be

setup every 100 km – 150 km interval.

This concept would reduce on board waste generation due to pantry cars.

Pantry cars could be replaced with passenger coaches that in turn lead to revenue generation

VENDOR RESPONSIBILITY

A section should be earmarked to a particular vendor.

He should be responsible for the cleanliness of that particular section.

If he fails to do so, severe penalty should be imposed

GREEN TEAMS

Inter departmental teams should be formed at every organizational level.

These teams should monitor the cleanliness of railway premises and should be empowered to levy fine on the person responsible.

Organization head would be responsible for the formation and he will monitor the functions of these green teams.

GRIEVANCE CELL Means should be provided on board the

train to register complains from the commuters electronically.

fines should be imposed in cases where complaints are not addressed properly.

Awareness among the passengers about grievance cell needs to be increased

Web Based Real time tracking of staff GPS linked attendance Photo proof of the clean toilets and

coaches with time and location stamp should be sent every 3 hours.

PREVENTING UNAUTHORIZED ENTRY At major stations, main entry points

should be monitored strictly.

Access should be given to the persons with valid ticket.

EDUCATING AND MOTIVATING COMMUTERS AND STAFF FOR MAINTAINING CLEANLINESS

Educate railway station staff before any plan is rolled out, meet with the participants. Talk to vendors, maintenance staff, train staff and others meet employees face-to-face and tell them about their role in the program.

Frequently re-educate the entire staff regarding the benefits of recycling and how the program functions in the station.

Staff meetings, vendor meetings, and regular face-to-face interactions with the commuters.

EDUCATE CUSTOMERS

Educating customers about the benefits of recycling reinforces the practice.

Place informational signs on or near bins explaining why recycling is important.

Nukkad nataks can also be conducted

on stations to educate people.

Participation of NGO's to educate people as done in Ludhiana railway station.

Thank You