Cholera By: Tasha Patterson

DescriptionCholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused

by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is a water-borne bacterium shaped like a comma.

Cholera bacterium is usually found in water or food sources that have been contaminated by feces (poop) from a person infected with cholera.

Transmission Direct person-to-person transmission of the

disease is rare, but infected person can spread cholera Indirectly.

Cholera bacteria travel by oral-fecal routes; that is, they enter the body by the mouth and leave the body in feces.

When an infected person excretes waste into a communal water supply or handles food without washing hand he introduces the bacteria into the water or food contaminating it.

Symptoms Vomiting Diarrhea- Dangerous loss in fluidsNausea- May happen for hoursDehydration- May lead electrolyte Electrolyte Imbalance- May lead to muscle

cramps and shock.If not treated kidneys will shut down and

death.

Risk Factors Drinking or eating food contaminated with

cholera.Wash foods properly.

Testing & Treatment To test for cholera, doctors must take a stool

sample or a rectal swab and send it to a laboratory to look for the cholera bacterium.

Can be simply and successfully treat by immediate replacement of the fluids and salts lost though diarrhea.

Can be treated with oral rehydration solution, a prepackage mixture of sugars and salts to be mixed with water and drunk in large amounts.

Prevention Drink and use safe water and wash your

hands often with soap and safe water.Cook food well done especially seafood, and

keep it cover, eat it while it is hot, and peel fruits and vegetables.

Statistics Since 2000, the incidence of cholera has

increased steadily, culminating in 317 534 reported cases worldwide, including 7543 deaths, in 2010, with a case-fatality rate (CFR) of 2.38%.

Globally, the number of deaths from cholera rose from 4948 in 2009 to 7543 in 2010,an increase of 52% with an overall CFR of 2.38%.

In the Americas, Haiti reported 3990 deaths, accounting for 53% of the global total; these deaths occurred over a period of 70 days.

AffectDeveloping Nation- the disease does not rally

mess with the developing does not have a high risk of the disease.

Developing Nation- Has a very high chance that the disease will come back because it is where the disease started

SourcesCenters for Disease Control and

Prevention, A.A February 24, 2011, General Information, http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/general/, January 5, 2013

Stephanie True Peters, 2004, Cholera curse of the nineteenth century, Marshall Cavendish Corporation