By teacher Silvino Sieben

3ª Série EM

Active voice and passive voice Form of the passive By + agent With modal verbs

The Dursleys brought up Harry Potter.

Harry Potter was brought up by the Dursleys.

the same meaning

ActiveProfessor McGonagall gave Harry a broom.

PassiveHarry was given a broom by Professor McGonagall.

object of active subject of passive

subject of active object of by

Magic is taught in Hogwarts.

Magic was taught in Hogwarts.

Magic will be taught in Hogwarts.

Present SimpleThe Sorting Hat divides students into four Houses: Gryffindor, Slytherin, Hufflepuff, Ravenclaw. Students are divided into four Houses by the Sorting Hat.

Past SimpleProfessor Snape often punished Harry.Harry was often punished by Professor Snape

Present PerfectHarry has broken his magic wand.Harry’s magic wand was broken.

Future SimpleHarry will be given a magic degree in Hogwarts. A magic degree will be given to Harry in Hogwarts.

Let’s practice

Harry uses his wand to create magic.

The wand_________________ to create magic.is used

Wizards built Hogwarts in Scotland.

Hogwarts _______________in Scotland.was built

Hagrid will explain the rules to the students.

The rules __________________ to the students.

will be explained

The agent is introduced with “by”:

Hermione rescued Harry.Harry was rescued by Hermione.

Lord Voldemord stole the philosopher's stone.

The philosopher's stone was stolen by Lord Voldemord.

By + agent can be omitted if the agent is unimportant, unknown or obvious:

Hermione told Harry about the philosopher's stone.Harry was told about the philosopher's stone.Someone caught Harry’s owl.Harry’s owl was caught.

Hermione can make a potion.

A potion can be made by Hermione.

Active

Passive

Active

Ron follows Harry everywhere.

Passive

Harry is followed by Ron everywhere.

Parents visit their children in Hogwarts.

Active

Passive

The children are visited by their parents in Hogwarts.

Hogwarts can be seen only by wizards.

Children may be visited by their parents.

Discipline must be kept within its wall.

Harry can send an owl to his friends.

Active

Passive

An owl can be sent to Harry’s friends.

____________________________________________________

Active

You must guard the philosopher's stone well.

Passive

The philosopher's stone must be guarded well._______________________________________________________________

Active

Passive

You must do it.

It must be done.

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